메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 60, Issue 7, 2006, Pages 835-846

Neurohormones and heart failure: The importance of aldosterone

Author keywords

Aldosterone; Endothelial dysfunction; Fibrosis; Heart failure; Hypertrophy; Mineralocorticoid; Myocardium; Necrosis; Neurohormonal

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE; ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONIST; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; ENALAPRIL; EPLERENONE; MINERALOCORTICOID ANTAGONIST; MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; NEUROHORMONE; PLACEBO; SPIRONOLACTONE; VALSARTAN;

EID: 33745097437     PISSN: 13685031     EISSN: 17421241     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.00996.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (9)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 7644226199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The National Service Framework for Coronary Heart Disease: Winning the war on heart disease
    • Department of Health, UK. Progress report
    • Department of Health, UK. The National Service Framework for Coronary Heart Disease: Winning the war on heart disease. Progress report 2004. http://www.dh.gov.uk.
    • (2004)
  • 2
    • 20544453277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure: Executive summary (update 2005): The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology
    • Swedberg K, Cleland J, Dargie H et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure: Executive summary (update 2005): The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2005; 26: 1115-40.
    • (2005) Eur Heart J , vol.26 , pp. 1115-1140
    • Swedberg, K.1    Cleland, J.2    Dargie, H.3
  • 3
    • 9344227376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardioprotective functions of atrial natriuretic peptide and B-type natriuretic peptide: A brief review
    • Woods RL. Cardioprotective functions of atrial natriuretic peptide and B-type natriuretic peptide: A brief review. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2004; 31: 791-4.
    • (2004) Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol , vol.31 , pp. 791-794
    • Woods, R.L.1
  • 4
    • 16344389882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the renal and neurohormonal effects of B-type natriuretic peptide
    • Burger AJ. A review of the renal and neurohormonal effects of B-type natriuretic peptide. Congest Heart Fail 2005; 11: 30-8.
    • (2005) Congest Heart Fail , vol.11 , pp. 30-38
    • Burger, A.J.1
  • 5
    • 0035818917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone in congestive heart failure
    • Weber KT. Aldosterone in congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1689-96.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 1689-1696
    • Weber, K.T.1
  • 6
    • 0029335495 scopus 로고
    • 'Til death do us part: A case of failed affection
    • Villarreal D, Freeman RH. 'Til death do us part: A case of failed affection. Cardiovasc Res 1995; 30: 27-30.
    • (1995) Cardiovasc Res , vol.30 , pp. 27-30
    • Villarreal, D.1    Freeman, R.H.2
  • 7
    • 1842861649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From CONSENSUS to CHARM -how do ACEI and ARB produce clinical benefits in CHF?
    • Tan LB, Williams SG, Goldspink DF. From CONSENSUS to CHARM -how do ACEI and ARB produce clinical benefits in CHF ? Int J Cardiol 2004; 94: 137-41.
    • (2004) Int J Cardiol , vol.94 , pp. 137-141
    • Tan, L.B.1    Williams, S.G.2    Goldspink, D.F.3
  • 8
    • 20844444592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of candesartan on cause-specific mortality in heart failure patients: The Candesartan in Heart failure Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) program
    • Solomon SD, Wang D, Finn P et al. Effect of candesartan on cause-specific mortality in heart failure patients: The Candesartan in Heart failure Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) program. Circulation 2004; 110: 2180-3.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 2180-2183
    • Solomon, S.D.1    Wang, D.2    Finn, P.3
  • 9
    • 0035818884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomised trial of the angiotensin receptor blocker Valsartan in chronic heart failure
    • Cohn JN, Tognoni G. A randomised trial of the angiotensin receptor blocker Valsartan in chronic heart failure. N Eng J Med 2001; 345: 1667-75.
    • (2001) N Eng J Med , vol.345 , pp. 1667-1675
    • Cohn, J.N.1    Tognoni, G.2
  • 10
    • 0041408235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular systolic function taking angiotensin converting inhibitors: The CHARM added trial
    • McMurray JJV, Ostergren J, Svedberg K et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular systolic function taking angiotensin converting inhibitors: The CHARM added trial. Lancet 2003; 362: 767-71.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 767-771
    • McMurray, J.J.V.1    Ostergren, J.2    Svedberg, K.3
  • 11
    • 0030819145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of bisoprolol-induced haemodynamic effects in heart failure during the Cardiac Insufficiency BIsoprolol Study (CIBIS)
    • Lechat P, Escolano S, Golmard JL et al. Prognostic value of bisoprolol-induced haemodynamic effects in heart failure during the Cardiac Insufficiency BIsoprolol Study (CIBIS). Circulation 1997; 96: 2197-205.
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.96 , pp. 2197-2205
    • Lechat, P.1    Escolano, S.2    Golmard, J.L.3
  • 12
    • 0029738922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of life on treatment with metoprolol in dilated cardiomyopathy: Results from the MDC trial. Metoprolol in Dilated Cardiomyopathy trial
    • Wiklund I, Waagstein F, Swedberg K et al. Quality of life on treatment with metoprolol in dilated cardiomyopathy: Results from the MDC trial. Metoprolol in Dilated Cardiomyopathy trial. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1996; 10: 361-8.
    • (1996) Cardiovasc Drugs Ther , vol.10 , pp. 361-368
    • Wiklund, I.1    Waagstein, F.2    Swedberg, K.3
  • 13
    • 2342621241 scopus 로고
    • The effect of adrenal extract on mineral metabolism
    • Tait JF, Simpson SAS, Grundy H. The effect of adrenal extract on mineral metabolism. Lancet 1952; 1: 1-21.
    • (1952) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1-21
    • Tait, J.F.1    Simpson, S.A.S.2    Grundy, H.3
  • 14
    • 1342324062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of aldosterone- and angiotensin II-induced target organ damage and prevention
    • Struthers AD, MacDonald TM. Review of aldosterone- and angiotensin II-induced target organ damage and prevention. Cardiovasc Res 2004; 61: 663-70.
    • (2004) Cardiovasc Res , vol.61 , pp. 663-670
    • Struthers, A.D.1    MacDonald, T.M.2
  • 15
    • 0025088737 scopus 로고
    • Hormones regulating cardiovascular function in patients with severe congestive heart failure and their relation to mortality
    • For the CONSENSUS Trial Study Group
    • Swedberg K, Eneroth P, Kjekshus J, Wilhelmsen L. For the CONSENSUS Trial Study Group. Hormones regulating cardiovascular function in patients with severe congestive heart failure and their relation to mortality. Circulation 1990; 82: 1730-6.
    • (1990) Circulation , vol.82 , pp. 1730-1736
    • Swedberg, K.1    Eneroth, P.2    Kjekshus, J.3    Wilhelmsen, L.4
  • 16
    • 0032169994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inverse relationship between aldosterone and large artery compliance in chronically treated heart failure patients
    • Duprez DA, DeBuyzere ML, Rietzschel ER et al. Inverse relationship between aldosterone and large artery compliance in chronically treated heart failure patients. Eur Heart J 1998; 19: 1371-6.
    • (1998) Eur Heart J , vol.19 , pp. 1371-1376
    • Duprez, D.A.1    DeBuyzere, M.L.2    Rietzschel, E.R.3
  • 17
    • 0034658131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of spironolactone on ventricular arrhythmias in congestive heart failure secondary to idiopathic dilated or to ishcaemic cardiomyopathy
    • Ramires FJ, Mansur A, Coelho O et al. Effect of spironolactone on ventricular arrhythmias in congestive heart failure secondary to idiopathic dilated or to ishcaemic cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 2000; 85: 1207-11.
    • (2000) Am J Cardiol , vol.85 , pp. 1207-1211
    • Ramires, F.J.1    Mansur, A.2    Coelho, O.3
  • 18
    • 0343554659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring fibrillar collagen turnover in hypertensive heart disease
    • Diez J, Laviades C. Monitoring fibrillar collagen turnover in hypertensive heart disease. Cardiovasc Res 1997; 35: 202-5.
    • (1997) Cardiovasc Res , vol.35 , pp. 202-205
    • Diez, J.1    Laviades, C.2
  • 19
    • 0029857276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathologic consequences of increased angiotensin II activity
    • Ferrario CM, Flack JM. Pathologic consequences of increased angiotensin II activity. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1996; 10: 511-8.
    • (1996) Cardiovasc Drugs Ther , vol.10 , pp. 511-518
    • Ferrario, C.M.1    Flack, J.M.2
  • 20
    • 0030096265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone escape during angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition therapy in chronic heart failure
    • Struthers AD. Aldosterone escape during angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition therapy in chronic heart failure. J Card Fail 1996; 2: 54.
    • (1996) J Card Fail , vol.2 , pp. 54
    • Struthers, A.D.1
  • 22
    • 1342324062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of aldosterone and angiotensin II-induced target organ damage and prevention
    • Struthers AD, MacDonald TM. Review of aldosterone and angiotensin II-induced target organ damage and prevention. Cardiovasc Res 2004; 61: 663-70.
    • (2004) Cardiovasc Res , vol.61 , pp. 663-670
    • Struthers, A.D.1    MacDonald, T.M.2
  • 23
    • 0030901037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin-independent mechanism for aldosterone synthesis during chronic extracellular fluid volume depletion
    • Okubo S, Niimura F, Nishimura H et al. Angiotensin-independent mechanism for aldosterone synthesis during chronic extracellular fluid volume depletion. J Clin Invest 1997; 99: 855-60.
    • (1997) J Clin Invest , vol.99 , pp. 855-860
    • Okubo, S.1    Niimura, F.2    Nishimura, H.3
  • 24
    • 0033584460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormones and haemodynamics in heart failure
    • Schrier RW, Abraham WT. Hormones and haemodynamics in heart failure. N Engl J Med 2004; 341: 577-85.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 577-585
    • Schrier, R.W.1    Abraham, W.T.2
  • 25
    • 0025879056 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of ascites formation: Mechanism of impaired aldosterone escape in cirrhosis
    • Schrier RW, Better OS. Pathogenesis of ascites formation: Mechanism of impaired aldosterone escape in cirrhosis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1991; 3: 721-9.
    • (1991) Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.3 , pp. 721-729
    • Schrier, R.W.1    Better, O.S.2
  • 26
    • 0026339543 scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone in congestive heart failure: Analysis of determinants and role in sodium retention
    • Hensen J, Abraham WT, Durr J, Schrier RW. Aldosterone in congestive heart failure: Analysis of determinants and role in sodium retention. Am J Nephrol 1991; 11: 441-6.
    • (1991) Am J Nephrol , vol.11 , pp. 441-446
    • Hensen, J.1    Abraham, W.T.2    Durr, J.3    Schrier, R.W.4
  • 27
    • 0030001886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High affinity NAD+-dependent 11β -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the human heart
    • Slight S, Ganjam VK, Gomez-Sanchez CE et al. High affinity NAD+-dependent 11β -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the human heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1996; 28: 781 -7.
    • (1996) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.28 , pp. 781-787
    • Slight, S.1    Ganjam, V.K.2    Gomez-Sanchez, C.E.3
  • 28
    • 33745114953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) and 11beta-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) gene expression in the normal and failing rat heart
    • Millar CA, Ye P, Gray GA et al. Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) and 11beta-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) gene expression in the normal and failing rat heart. Endocr Abstr 2003; 5: 234.
    • (2003) Endocr Abstr , vol.5 , pp. 234
    • Millar, C.A.1    Ye, P.2    Gray, G.A.3
  • 29
    • 0033779228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac aldosterone production in genetically hypertensive rats
    • Takeda Y, Yoneda T, Demura M et al. Cardiac aldosterone production in genetically hypertensive rats. Hypertension 2000; 36: 495.
    • (2000) Hypertension , vol.36 , pp. 495
    • Takeda, Y.1    Yoneda, T.2    Demura, M.3
  • 30
    • 0035830440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone production is activated in failing ventricle in humans
    • Mizuno Y, Yoshimura M, Yasue H et al. Aldosterone production is activated in failing ventricle in humans. Circulation 2001; 103: 72-7.
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.103 , pp. 72-77
    • Mizuno, Y.1    Yoshimura, M.2    Yasue, H.3
  • 31
    • 18544389493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of aldosterone synthase gene in failing human heart: Quantitative analysis using modified real time polymerase chain reaction
    • Yoshimura M, Nakamura S, Ito T et al. Expression of aldosterone synthase gene in failing human heart: Quantitative analysis using modified real time polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002; 87: 3936-40.
    • (2002) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.87 , pp. 3936-3940
    • Yoshimura, M.1    Nakamura, S.2    Ito, T.3
  • 32
    • 0035499989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between transcardiac extraction of aldosterone and left ventricular remodeling in patients with first acute myocardial infarction: Extracting aldosterone through the heart promotes ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction
    • Hayashi M, Tsutamoto T, Wada A et al. Relationship between transcardiac extraction of aldosterone and left ventricular remodeling in patients with first acute myocardial infarction: Extracting aldosterone through the heart promotes ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 38: 1375-82.
    • (2001) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.38 , pp. 1375-1382
    • Hayashi, M.1    Tsutamoto, T.2    Wada, A.3
  • 33
    • 0033745021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone: A mediator of myocardial necrosis and renal arteriopathy
    • Rocha R, Stier CT Jr, Kifor I et al. Aldosterone: A mediator of myocardial necrosis and renal arteriopathy. Endocrinology 2000; 141: 3871-8.
    • (2000) Endocrinology , vol.141 , pp. 3871-3878
    • Rocha, R.1    Stier Jr., C.T.2    Kifor, I.3
  • 34
    • 0344393594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone and not plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 is a critical mediator of early angiotensin II/ N G -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced myocardial injury
    • Oestreicher EM, Martinez-Vasquez D, Stone JR et al. Aldosterone and not plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 is a critical mediator of early angiotensin II/ N G -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester-induced myocardial injury. Circulation 2003; 108: 2517-23.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 2517-2523
    • Oestreicher, E.M.1    Martinez-Vasquez, D.2    Stone, J.R.3
  • 35
    • 0036176431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac damage prevention by eplerenone: Comparison with low sodium diet or potassium loading
    • Martinez DV, Rocha R, Matsumura M et al. Cardiac damage prevention by eplerenone: Comparison with low sodium diet or potassium loading. Hypertension 2002; 39: 614-8.
    • (2002) Hypertension , vol.39 , pp. 614-618
    • Martinez, D.V.1    Rocha, R.2    Matsumura, M.3
  • 36
    • 0036901481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appraisal of the role of angiotensin II and aldosterone in ventricular myocyte apoptosis in adult normotensive rat
    • De Angelis N, Fiordaliso F, Latini R et al. Appraisal of the role of angiotensin II and aldosterone in ventricular myocyte apoptosis in adult normotensive rat. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2002; 34: 1655-65.
    • (2002) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.34 , pp. 1655-1665
    • De Angelis, N.1    Fiordaliso, F.2    Latini, R.3
  • 37
    • 0036838616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone induces a vascular inflammatory phenotype in the rat heart
    • Rocha R, Rudolph AE, Frierdich GE et al. Aldosterone induces a vascular inflammatory phenotype in the rat heart. Am J Physiol 2002; 283: H1802-10.
    • (2002) Am J Physiol , vol.283
    • Rocha, R.1    Rudolph, A.E.2    Frierdich, G.E.3
  • 38
    • 0035312341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of spironolactone on plasma brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure
    • Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Maeda K et al. Effect of spironolactone on plasma brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 37: 1228-33.
    • (2001) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.37 , pp. 1228-1233
    • Tsutamoto, T.1    Wada, A.2    Maeda, K.3
  • 39
    • 7044272109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone antagonism in heart failure: Improvement of cardiac remodeling, endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation
    • Bauersachs J. Aldosterone antagonism in heart failure: Improvement of cardiac remodeling, endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation. Eur J Clin Invest 2004; 34: 649-52.
    • (2004) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.34 , pp. 649-652
    • Bauersachs, J.1
  • 40
    • 0242543981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Additive improvement of left ventricular remodeling and neurohormonal activation by aldosterone receptor blockade with eplerenone and ACE inhibition in rats with myocardial infarction
    • Fraccarollo D, Schäfer A, Hildemann S et al. Additive improvement of left ventricular remodeling and neurohormonal activation by aldosterone receptor blockade with eplerenone and ACE inhibition in rats with myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 42: 1666-73.
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.42 , pp. 1666-1673
    • Fraccarollo, D.1    Schäfer, A.2    Hildemann, S.3
  • 41
    • 0038526268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immediate administration of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone prevents post-infarct left ventricular remodeling associated with suppression of a marker of myocardial collagen synthesis in patients with first anterior acute myocardial infarction
    • Hayashi M, Tsutamoto T, Wada A et al. Immediate administration of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone prevents post-infarct left ventricular remodeling associated with suppression of a marker of myocardial collagen synthesis in patients with first anterior acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2003; 107: 2559-65.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 2559-2565
    • Hayashi, M.1    Tsutamoto, T.2    Wada, A.3
  • 42
    • 0033935122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone and myocardial fibrosis in heart failure
    • Brilla CG. Aldosterone and myocardial fibrosis in heart failure. Herz 2000; 25: 299-306.
    • (2000) Herz , vol.25 , pp. 299-306
    • Brilla, C.G.1
  • 43
    • 0030809598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fibrosis of atria and great vessels in response to angiotensin II or aldosterone infusion
    • Sun Y, Ramires FJA, Weber KT. Fibrosis of atria and great vessels in response to angiotensin II or aldosterone infusion. Cardiovasc Res 1997; 35: 138-47.
    • (1997) Cardiovasc Res , vol.35 , pp. 138-147
    • Sun, Y.1    Ramires, F.J.A.2    Weber, K.T.3
  • 45
    • 0037016007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-term monotherapy with eplerenone, a novel aldosterone blocker, on progression of left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in dogs with heart failure
    • Suzuki G, Morita H, Mishima T et al. Effects of long-term monotherapy with eplerenone, a novel aldosterone blocker, on progression of left ventricular dysfunction and remodeling in dogs with heart failure. Circulation 2002; 106: 2967-72.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 2967-2972
    • Suzuki, G.1    Morita, H.2    Mishima, T.3
  • 46
    • 0036209144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) expression and myocardial fibrosis in the failing human heart
    • Satoh M, Nakamura M, Saitoh H et al. Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) expression and myocardial fibrosis in the failing human heart. Clin Sci 2002; 102: 381-6.
    • (2002) Clin Sci , vol.102 , pp. 381-386
    • Satoh, M.1    Nakamura, M.2    Saitoh, H.3
  • 47
    • 0035724041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of congestive heart failure. Interfering the aldosterone-cardiac extracellular matrix relationship
    • Zannad F, Dousset B, Alla F. Treatment of congestive heart failure. Interfering the aldosterone-cardiac extracellular matrix relationship. Hypertension 2001; 38: 1227-32.
    • (2001) Hypertension , vol.38 , pp. 1227-1232
    • Zannad, F.1    Dousset, B.2    Alla, F.3
  • 48
    • 7044245460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone: From integrative physiology to cellular biology and back
    • Ertl G. Aldosterone: From integrative physiology to cellular biology and back. Eur J Clin Invest 2004; 34: 653-5.
    • (2004) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.34 , pp. 653-655
    • Ertl, G.1
  • 50
    • 0036178760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac and vascular fibrosis and hypertrophy in aldosterone-infused rats: Role of endothelin-1
    • Park JB, Schiffrin EL. Cardiac and vascular fibrosis and hypertrophy in aldosterone-infused rats: Role of endothelin-1. Am J Hypertens 2002; 15: 164-9.
    • (2002) Am J Hypertens , vol.15 , pp. 164-169
    • Park, J.B.1    Schiffrin, E.L.2
  • 51
    • 0035163847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of aldosterone vs. endothelin receptor antagonism on renovascular function in liquorice-induced hypertension
    • Quaschning T, Ruschitzka F, Niggli B et al. Influence of aldosterone vs. endothelin receptor antagonism on renovascular function in liquorice-induced hypertension. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2001; 16: 2146-51.
    • (2001) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.16 , pp. 2146-2151
    • Quaschning, T.1    Ruschitzka, F.2    Niggli, B.3
  • 52
    • 0037035471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism in experimental atherosclerosis
    • Rajagopalan S, Duquaine D, King S et al. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism in experimental atherosclerosis. Circulation 2002; 105: 2212-6.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 2212-2216
    • Rajagopalan, S.1    Duquaine, D.2    King, S.3
  • 53
    • 0036796624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aldosterone induces acute endothelial dysfunction in vivo in humans: Evidence for an aldosterone-induced vasculopathy
    • Farquharson CAJ, Struthers AD. Aldosterone induces acute endothelial dysfunction in vivo in humans: Evidence for an aldosterone-induced vasculopathy. Clin Sci 2002; 103: 425-31.
    • (2002) Clin Sci , vol.103 , pp. 425-431
    • Farquharson, C.A.J.1    Struthers, A.D.2
  • 54
    • 0034651798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spironolactone increases nitric oxide bioactivity, improves endothelial vasodilator dysfunction, and suppresses vascular angiotensin I/ angiotensin II conversion in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Farquharson CAJ, Struthers AD. Spironolactone increases nitric oxide bioactivity, improves endothelial vasodilator dysfunction, and suppresses vascular angiotensin I/angiotensin II conversion in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 2000; 101: 594-7.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , pp. 594-597
    • Farquharson, C.A.J.1    Struthers, A.D.2
  • 55
    • 0037116558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addition of spironolactone to ACE inhibition in heart failure improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction: Role of vascular superoxide anion formation and endothelial NO synthase expression
    • Bauersachs J, Heck M, Fraccarollo D et al. Addition of spironolactone to ACE inhibition in heart failure improves endothelial vasomotor dysfunction: Role of vascular superoxide anion formation and endothelial NO synthase expression. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39: 351-8.
    • (2002) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.39 , pp. 351-358
    • Bauersachs, J.1    Heck, M.2    Fraccarollo, D.3
  • 56
    • 0036791717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spironolactone improves angiotensin-induced vascular changes and oxidative stress
    • Virdis A, Neves MF, Amiri F et al. Spironolactone improves angiotensin-induced vascular changes and oxidative stress. Hypertension 2002; 40: 504-10.
    • (2002) Hypertension , vol.40 , pp. 504-510
    • Virdis, A.1    Neves, M.F.2    Amiri, F.3
  • 57
    • 0033517302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators
    • Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme W et al. The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 709-17.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 709-717
    • Pitt, B.1    Zannad, F.2    Remme, W.3
  • 58
    • 0037417252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction
    • Pitt B, Remme W, Zannad F et al. Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1309-21.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 1309-1321
    • Pitt, B.1    Remme, W.2    Zannad, F.3
  • 59
    • 0142085752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of eplerenone, enalapril, and eplerenone/enalapril in patients with essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy: The 4E-left ventricular hypertrophy study
    • Pitt B, Reichek N, Willenbrock R et al. Effects of eplerenone, enalapril, and eplerenone/enalapril in patients with essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy: The 4E-left ventricular hypertrophy study. Circulation 2003; 108: 1831-8.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 1831-1838
    • Pitt, B.1    Reichek, N.2    Willenbrock, R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.