Long-term ingestion of high flavanol cocoa provides photoprotection against UV-induced erythema and improves skin condition in women

Journal of Nutrition

Volumn 136, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 1565-1569

  Heinrich, Ulrike ^a   Neukam, Karin ^b   Tronnier, Hagen ^a   Sies, Helmut ^b   Stahl, Wilhelm ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WITTEN HERDECKE   (Germany)

^b HEINRICH HEINE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Blood flow; Epicatechin; Flavonoids; Human; Photoprotection; Skin

Indexed keywords

CATECHIN; EPICATECHIN; FLAVANOID;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CACAO; CONTROLLED STUDY; ERYTHEMA; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; INGESTION; NORMAL HUMAN; SKIN; SKIN BLOOD FLOW; SKIN SENSITIVITY; SKIN STRUCTURE; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION; WATER LOSS;

THEOBROMA CACAO;

EID: 33646757898     PISSN: 00223166     EISSN: 15416100     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jn/136.6.1565     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Boelsma E, van de Vijver LP, Goldbohm RA, Klopping-Ketelaars IA, Hendriks HF, Roza L. Human skin condition and its associations with nutrient concentrations in serum and diet. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003;77:348-55.
2. Sies H, Stahl W. Nutritional protection against skin damage from sunlight. Annu Rev Nutr. 2004;24:173-200.
3. Godar DE. UV doses of American children and adolescents. Photochem Photobiol. 2001;74:787-93.
4. Pinnell SR. Cutaneous photodamage, oxidative stress, and topical antioxidant protection. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;48:1-19.
5. Wenk J, Brenneisen P, Meewes C, Wlaschek M, Peters T, Blaudschun R, Ma W, Kuhr L, Schneider L, Scharffetter-Kochanek K. UV-induced oxidative stress and photoaging. Curr Probl Dermatol. 2001;29:83-94.
6. F'guyer S, Afaq F, Mukhtar H. Photochemoprevention of skin cancer by botanical agents. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2003;19:56-72.
7. Afaq F, Adhami VM, Mukhtar H. Photochemoprevention of ultraviolet B signaling and photocarcinogenesis. Mutat Res. 2005;571:153-73.
8. Ross JA, Kasum CM. Dietary flavonoids: bioavailability, metabolic effects, and safety. Annu Rev Nutr. 2002;22:19-34.
9. Proteggente AR, Pannala AS, Paganga G, Van Buren L, Wagner E, Wiseman S, Van De PF, Dacombe C, Rice-Evans CA. The antioxidant activity of regularly consumed fruit and vegetables reflects their phenolic and vitamin C composition. Free Radic Res. 2002;36:217-33.
10. Middleton E, Jr., Kandaswami C, Theoharides TC. The effects of plant flavonoids on mammalian cells: implications for inflammation, heart disease, and cancer. Pharmacol Rev. 2000;52:673-751.
11. Dell'Agli M, Busciala A, Bosisio E. Vascular effects of wine polyphenols. Cardiovasc Res. 2004;63:593-602.
12. Hammerstone JF, Lazarus SA, Schmitz HH. Procyanidin content and variation in some commonly consumed foods. J Nutr. 2000;130:2086S-92S.
13. German JB, Walzem RL. The health benefits of wine. Annu Rev Nutr. 2000;20:561-93.
14. Kim J, Hwang JS, Cho YK, Han Y, Jeon YJ, Yang KH. Protective effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on UVA- and UVB-induced skin damage. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol. 2001;14:11-9.
15. Mukhtar H. Eat plenty of green leafy vegetables for photoprotection: emerging evidence. J Invest Dermatol. 2003;121:viii.
16. Katiyar SK, Perez A, Mukhtar H. Green tea polyphenol treatment to human skin prevents formation of ultraviolet light B-induced pyrimidine dimers in DNA. Clin Cancer Res. 2000;6:3864-9.
17. Elmets CA, Singh D, Tubesing K, Matsui M, Katiyar S, Mukhtar H. Cutaneous photoprotection from ultraviolet injury by green tea polyphenols. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001;44:425-32.
18. Pathak MA. Sunscreens: topical and systemic approaches for protection of human skin against harmful effects of solar radiation. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1982;7:285-312.
19. Berardesca E, Leveque JL, Masson P. EEMCO guidance for the measurement of skin microcirculation. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol. 2002;15:442-56.
20. Altmeyer P, El-Gammal S, Hofmann K., editors. Ultrasound in dermatology. Heidelberg: Springer Verlag; 1992.
21. Heinrich U, Koop U, Leneveu-Duchemin MC, Osterrieder K, Bielfeldt S, Chkarnat C, Degwert J, Häntschel D, Jaspers S, et al. Multicenter comparison of skin hydration in terms of physical-, physiological- and product dependent parameters by the capacitive method (Corneometer CM 825). Intern J Cosmet Sci. 2003;25:45-53.
22. Rodrigues LM, Pinto PC, Magro JM, Fernandes M, Alves J. Exploring the influence of skin perfusion on transepidermal water loss. Skin Res Technol. 2004;10:257-62.
23. Ahmad N, Mukhtar H. Cutaneous photochemoprotection by green tea: a brief review. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol. 2001;14:69-76.
24. Heinrich U, Gartner C, Wiebusch M, Eichler O, Sies H, Tronnier H, Stahl W. Supplementation with beta-carotene or a similar amount of mixed carotenoids protects humans from UV-induced erythema. J Nutr. 2003;133:98-101.
25. Stahl W, Heinrich U, Wiseman S, Eichler O, Sies H, Tronnier H. Dietary tomato paste protects against ultraviolet light-induced erythema in humans. J Nutr. 2001;131:1449-51.
26. Demmig-Adams B, Adams, III WW. Antioxidants in photosynthesis and human nutrition. Science. 2002;298:2149-53.
27. Edreva A. The importance of non-photosynthetic pigments and cinnamic acid derivatives in photoprotection. Agric Ecosyst Environ. 2005;106:135-46.
28. Ottaviani JI, Carrasquedo F, Keen CL, Lazarus SA, Schmitz HH, Fraga CG. Influence of flavan-3-ols and procyanidins on UVC-mediated formation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine in isolated DNA. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2002;406:203-8.
29. Manthey JA. Biological properties of flavonoids pertaining to inflammation. Microcirculation. 2000;7:S29-34.
30. Braverman IM. The cutaneous microcirculation. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2000;5:3-9.
31. Morris SJ, Shore AC. Skin blood flow responses to the iontophoresis of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside in man: possible mechanisms. J Physiol. 1996;496:531-42.
32. Opazo Saez AM, Mosel F, Nurnberger J, Rushentsova U, Gossl M, Mitchell A, Schafers RF, Philipp T, Wenzel RR. Laser doppler imager (LDI) scanner and intradermal injection for in vivo pharmacology in human skin microcirculation: responses to acetylcholine, endothelin-1 and their repeatability. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005;59:511-9.
33. Heiss C, Kleinbongard P, Dejam A, Perre S, Schroeter H, Sies H, Kelm M. Acute consumption of flavanol-rich cocoa and the reversal of endothelial dysfunction in smokers. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:1276-83.
34. Fisher ND, Hughes M, Gerhard-Herman M, Hollenberg NK. Flavanol-rich cocoa induces nitric-oxide-dependent vasodilation in healthy humans. J Hypertens. 2003;21:2281-6.
35. Schroeter H, Heiss C, Balzer J, Kleinbongard P, Keen CL, Hollenberg NK, Sies H, Kwik-Uribe C, Schmitz HH, Kelm M. (-)-Epicatechin mediates beneficial effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2006;103:1024-9.