메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 81-92

Genetic analysis of completely sequenced disease-associated MHC haplotypes identifies shuffling of segments in recent human history

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HLA DQA1 ANTIGEN; HLA DQB1 ANTIGEN; HLA DR ANTIGEN; HLA DR3 ANTIGEN;

EID: 33645775299     PISSN: 15537390     EISSN: 15537404     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.0020009     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (157)

References (89)
  • 1
    • 0036207027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The gentle art of gene arrangement: The meaning of gene clusters
    • comment2002.1-comment2002.5. DOI: 10.1186/gb-2002-3-3-comment2002
    • Trowsdale J (2002) The gentle art of gene arrangement: The meaning of gene clusters. Genome Biol 3: comment2002.1-comment2002.5. DOI: 10.1186/gb-2002-3-3-comment2002
    • (2002) Genome Biol , vol.3
    • Trowsdale, J.1
  • 2
    • 0035865322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A map of human genome sequence variation containing 1.42 million single nucleotide polymorphisms
    • Sachidanandam R, Weissman D, Schmidt SC, Kakol JM, Stein LD, et al. (2001) A map of human genome sequence variation containing 1.42 million single nucleotide polymorphisms. Nature 409: 928-933.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.409 , pp. 928-933
    • Sachidanandam, R.1    Weissman, D.2    Schmidt, S.C.3    Kakol, J.M.4    Stein, L.D.5
  • 3
    • 79959503826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The International HapMap Project
    • The International HapMap Project (2003) The International HapMap Project. Nature 426: 789-796.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.426 , pp. 789-796
  • 5
    • 20144388362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A high-resolution linkage-disequilibrium map of the human major histocompatibility complex and first generation of tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms
    • Miretti MM, Walsh EC, Ke X, Delgado M, Griffiths M, et al. (2005) A high-resolution linkage-disequilibrium map of the human major histocompatibility complex and first generation of tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Am J Hum Genet 76: 634-646.
    • (2005) Am J Hum Genet , vol.76 , pp. 634-646
    • Miretti, M.M.1    Walsh, E.C.2    Ke, X.3    Delgado, M.4    Griffiths, M.5
  • 7
    • 0036016258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA class II peptide-binding and autoimmunity
    • Gebe JA, Swanson E, Kwok WW (2002) HLA class II peptide-binding and autoimmunity. Tissue Antigens 59: 78-87.
    • (2002) Tissue Antigens , vol.59 , pp. 78-87
    • Gebe, J.A.1    Swanson, E.2    Kwok, W.W.3
  • 8
    • 10744231677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genes in the HLA class I region may contribute to the HLA class II-associated genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis
    • Harbo HF, Lie BA, Sawcer S, Celius EG, Dai KZ, et al. (2004) Genes in the HLA class I region may contribute to the HLA class II-associated genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. Tissue Antigens 63: 237-247.
    • (2004) Tissue Antigens , vol.63 , pp. 237-247
    • Harbo, H.F.1    Lie, B.A.2    Sawcer, S.3    Celius, E.G.4    Dai, K.Z.5
  • 9
    • 0037379870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA class II antigens associated with lupus nephritis in Italian SLE patients
    • Marchini M, Antonioli R, Lleo A, Barili M, Caronni M, et al. (2003) HLA class II antigens associated with lupus nephritis in Italian SLE patients. Hum Immunol 64: 462-468.
    • (2003) Hum Immunol , vol.64 , pp. 462-468
    • Marchini, M.1    Antonioli, R.2    Lleo, A.3    Barili, M.4    Caronni, M.5
  • 10
    • 4644284915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bias in parental transmission of the HLA-DR3 allele in Sardinian multiple sclerosis
    • Marrosu MG, Sardu C, Cocco E, Costa G, Murru MR, et al. (2004) Bias in parental transmission of the HLA-DR3 allele in Sardinian multiple sclerosis. Neurology 63: 1084-1086.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 1084-1086
    • Marrosu, M.G.1    Sardu, C.2    Cocco, E.3    Costa, G.4    Murru, M.R.5
  • 13
    • 0025913521 scopus 로고
    • Common west African HLA antigens are associated with protection from severe malaria
    • Hill AV, Allsopp CE, Kwiatkowski D, Anstey NM, Twumasi P, et al. (1991) Common west African HLA antigens are associated with protection from severe malaria. Nature 352: 595-600.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.352 , pp. 595-600
    • Hill, A.V.1    Allsopp, C.E.2    Kwiatkowski, D.3    Anstey, N.M.4    Twumasi, P.5
  • 14
    • 0038581912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of HLA genotype on AIDS
    • Carrington M, O'Brien SJ (2003) The influence of HLA genotype on AIDS. Annu Rev Med 54: 535-551.
    • (2003) Annu Rev Med , vol.54 , pp. 535-551
    • Carrington, M.1    O'Brien, S.J.2
  • 16
    • 0029837733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Panning for gold: Genome-wide scanning for linkage in type 1 diabetes
    • Todd JA, Farrall M (1996) Panning for gold: Genome-wide scanning for linkage in type 1 diabetes. Hum Mol Genet 5 Spec No: 1443-1448.
    • (1996) Hum Mol Genet , vol.5 , Issue.SPEC. NO. , pp. 1443-1448
    • Todd, J.A.1    Farrall, M.2
  • 17
    • 17144452354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A search for type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes in families from the United Kingdom
    • Mein CA, Esposito L, Dunn MG, Johnson GC, Timms AE, et al. (1998) A search for type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes in families from the United Kingdom. Nat Genet 19: 297-300.
    • (1998) Nat Genet , vol.19 , pp. 297-300
    • Mein, C.A.1    Esposito, L.2    Dunn, M.G.3    Johnson, G.C.4    Timms, A.E.5
  • 20
    • 0032902704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetic basis for the association of the 8.1 ancestral haplotype (A1, B8, DR3) with multiple immunopathological diseases
    • Price P, Witt C, Allcock R, Sayer D, Garlepp M, et al. (1999) The genetic basis for the association of the 8.1 ancestral haplotype (A1, B8, DR3) with multiple immunopathological diseases. Immunol Rev 167: 257-274.
    • (1999) Immunol Rev , vol.167 , pp. 257-274
    • Price, P.1    Witt, C.2    Allcock, R.3    Sayer, D.4    Garlepp, M.5
  • 21
    • 0001260810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA and disease: From molecular function to disease association?
    • Browning M, McMichael AJ, editors. Oxford: Bios Scientific.
    • Hall FC, Bowness P (1996) HLA and disease: from molecular function to disease association? In: Browning M, McMichael AJ, editors. HLA and MHC: Genes, molecules and function. Oxford: Bios Scientific. pp. 353-381.
    • (1996) HLA and MHC: Genes, Molecules and Function , pp. 353-381
    • Hall, F.C.1    Bowness, P.2
  • 23
    • 0037371325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA-DR2 dose effect on susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and influence on disease course
    • Barcellos LF, Oksenberg JR, Begovich AB, Martin ER, Schmidt S, et al. (2003) HLA-DR2 dose effect on susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and influence on disease course. Am J Hum Genet 72: 710-716.
    • (2003) Am J Hum Genet , vol.72 , pp. 710-716
    • Barcellos, L.F.1    Oksenberg, J.R.2    Begovich, A.B.3    Martin, E.R.4    Schmidt, S.5
  • 24
    • 4444303972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetics of HLA-associated disease
    • Larsen CE, Alper CA (2004) The genetics of HLA-associated disease. Curr Opin Immunol 16: 660-667.
    • (2004) Curr Opin Immunol , vol.16 , pp. 660-667
    • Larsen, C.E.1    Alper, C.A.2
  • 25
    • 0038643496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of at least two type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes in the HLA complex distinct from HLA-DQB1, -DQA1 and -DRB1
    • Johansson S, Lie BA, Todd JA, Pociot F, Nerup J, et al. (2003) Evidence of at least two type 1 diabetes susceptibility genes in the HLA complex distinct from HLA-DQB1, -DQA1 and -DRB1. Genes Immun 4: 46-53.
    • (2003) Genes Immun , vol.4 , pp. 46-53
    • Johansson, S.1    Lie, B.A.2    Todd, J.A.3    Pociot, F.4    Nerup, J.5
  • 26
    • 0344721480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete sequence and gene map of a human major histocompatibility complex
    • The MHC sequencing consortium
    • The MHC sequencing consortium (1999) Complete sequence and gene map of a human major histocompatibility complex. The MHC sequencing consortium. Nature 401: 921-923.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.401 , pp. 921-923
  • 28
    • 0032851551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the major susceptibility region for psoriasis at chromosome 6p21.3
    • Balendran N, Clough RL, Arguello JR, Barber R, Veal C, et al. (1999) Characterization of the major susceptibility region for psoriasis at chromosome 6p21.3. J Invest Dermatol 113: 322-328.
    • (1999) J Invest Dermatol , vol.113 , pp. 322-328
    • Balendran, N.1    Clough, R.L.2    Arguello, J.R.3    Barber, R.4    Veal, C.5
  • 29
    • 0032697536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association analysis using refined microsatellite markers localizes a susceptibility locus for psoriasis vulgaris within a 111 kb segment telomeric to the HLA-C gene
    • Oka A, Tamiya G, Tomizawa M, Ota M, Katsuyama Y, et al. (1999) Association analysis using refined microsatellite markers localizes a susceptibility locus for psoriasis vulgaris within a 111 kb segment telomeric to the HLA-C gene. Hum Mol Genet 8: 2165-2170.
    • (1999) Hum Mol Genet , vol.8 , pp. 2165-2170
    • Oka, A.1    Tamiya, G.2    Tomizawa, M.3    Ota, M.4    Katsuyama, Y.5
  • 30
    • 0033927713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization of psoriasis-susceptibility locus PSORS1 to a 60-kb interval telomeric to HLA-C
    • Nair RP, Stuart P, Henseler T, Jenisch S, Chia NV, et al. (2000) Localization of psoriasis-susceptibility locus PSORS1 to a 60-kb interval telomeric to HLA-C. Am J Hum Genet 66: 1833-1844.
    • (2000) Am J Hum Genet , vol.66 , pp. 1833-1844
    • Nair, R.P.1    Stuart, P.2    Henseler, T.3    Jenisch, S.4    Chia, N.V.5
  • 31
    • 10744220468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: A bioinformatics assessment
    • Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, Baker K, Baldwin D, et al. (2003) The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment. Genome Res 13: 2265-2270.
    • (2003) Genome Res , vol.13 , pp. 2265-2270
    • Clark, H.F.1    Gurney, A.L.2    Abaya, E.3    Baker, K.4    Baldwin, D.5
  • 32
    • 9144252038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs
    • Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, et al. (2004) Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet 36: 40-45.
    • (2004) Nat Genet , vol.36 , pp. 40-45
    • Ota, T.1    Suzuki, Y.2    Nishikawa, T.3    Otsuki, T.4    Sugiyama, T.5
  • 33
    • 0042564615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymorphisms in the SEEK1 and SPR1 genes on 6p21.3 associate with psoriasis in the Swedish population
    • Holm SJ, Carlen LM, Mallbris L, Stahle-Backdahl M, O'Brien KP (2003) Polymorphisms in the SEEK1 and SPR1 genes on 6p21.3 associate with psoriasis in the Swedish population. Exp Dermatol 12: 435-444.
    • (2003) Exp Dermatol , vol.12 , pp. 435-444
    • Holm, S.J.1    Carlen, L.M.2    Mallbris, L.3    Stahle-Backdahl, M.4    O'Brien, K.P.5
  • 35
    • 0023764283 scopus 로고
    • Pattern of nucleotide substitution at major histocompatibility complex class I loci reveals overdominant selection
    • Hughes AL, Nei M (1988) Pattern of nucleotide substitution at major histocompatibility complex class I loci reveals overdominant selection. Nature 335: 167-170.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.335 , pp. 167-170
    • Hughes, A.L.1    Nei, M.2
  • 36
    • 0040771786 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide substitution at major histocompatibility complex class II loci: Evidence for overdominant selection
    • U S A
    • Hughes AL, Nei M (1989) Nucleotide substitution at major histocompatibility complex class II loci: Evidence for overdominant selection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 86: 958-962.
    • (1989) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.86 , pp. 958-962
    • Hughes, A.L.1    Nei, M.2
  • 37
    • 0026458378 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid substitution matrices from protein blocks
    • U S A
    • Henikoff S, Henikoff JG (1992) Amino acid substitution matrices from protein blocks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89: 10915-10919.
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.89 , pp. 10915-10919
    • Henikoff, S.1    Henikoff, J.G.2
  • 38
    • 0028063699 scopus 로고
    • The dichotomous size variation of human complement C4 genes is mediated by a novel family of endogenous retroviruses, which also establishes species-specific genomic patterns among Old World primates
    • Dangel AW, Mendoza AR, Baker BJ, Daniel CM, Carroll MC, et al. (1994) The dichotomous size variation of human complement C4 genes is mediated by a novel family of endogenous retroviruses, which also establishes species-specific genomic patterns among Old World primates. Immunogenetics 40: 425-436.
    • (1994) Immunogenetics , vol.40 , pp. 425-436
    • Dangel, A.W.1    Mendoza, A.R.2    Baker, B.J.3    Daniel, C.M.4    Carroll, M.C.5
  • 39
    • 0032508672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale sequence comparisons reveal unusually high levels of variation in the HLADQB1 locus in the class II region of the human MHC
    • Horton R, Niblett D, Milne S, Palmer S, Tubby B, et al. (1998) Large-scale sequence comparisons reveal unusually high levels of variation in the HLADQB1 locus in the class II region of the human MHC. J Mol Biol 282: 71-97.
    • (1998) J Mol Biol , vol.282 , pp. 71-97
    • Horton, R.1    Niblett, D.2    Milne, S.3    Palmer, S.4    Tubby, B.5
  • 40
    • 0032860012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extensive nucleotide variability within a 370 kb sequence from the central region of the major histocompatibility complex
    • Gaudieri S, Kulski JK, Dawkins RL, Gojobori T (1999) Extensive nucleotide variability within a 370 kb sequence from the central region of the major histocompatibility complex. Gene 238: 157-161.
    • (1999) Gene , vol.238 , pp. 157-161
    • Gaudieri, S.1    Kulski, J.K.2    Dawkins, R.L.3    Gojobori, T.4
  • 41
    • 0346504126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimorphic Alu element located between the TFIIH and CDSN genes within the major histocompatibility complex
    • Dunn DS, Inoko H, Kulski JK (2003) Dimorphic Alu element located between the TFIIH and CDSN genes within the major histocompatibility complex. Electrophoresis 24: 2740-2748.
    • (2003) Electrophoresis , vol.24 , pp. 2740-2748
    • Dunn, D.S.1    Inoko, H.2    Kulski, J.K.3
  • 42
    • 1842847373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between HLA-A alleles and young Alu dimorphisms near the HLA-J, -H, and -F genes in workshop cell lines and Japanese and Australian populations
    • Dunn DS, Naruse T, Inoko H, Kulski JK (2002) The association between HLA-A alleles and young Alu dimorphisms near the HLA-J, -H, and -F genes in workshop cell lines and Japanese and Australian populations. J Mol Evol 55: 718-726.
    • (2002) J Mol Evol , vol.55 , pp. 718-726
    • Dunn, D.S.1    Naruse, T.2    Inoko, H.3    Kulski, J.K.4
  • 43
    • 0035800561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale analysis of the Alu Ya5 and Yb8 subfamilies and their contribution to human genomic diversity
    • Carroll ML, Roy-Engel AM, Nguyen SV, Salem AH, Vogel E, et al. (2001) Large-scale analysis of the Alu Ya5 and Yb8 subfamilies and their contribution to human genomic diversity. J Mol Biol 311: 17-40.
    • (2001) J Mol Biol , vol.311 , pp. 17-40
    • Carroll, M.L.1    Roy-Engel, A.M.2    Nguyen, S.V.3    Salem, A.H.4    Vogel, E.5
  • 44
    • 0032524383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale identification, mapping, and genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the human genome
    • Wang DG, Fan JB, Siao CJ, Berno A, Young P, et al. (1998) Large-scale identification, mapping, and genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the human genome. Science 280: 1077-1082.
    • (1998) Science , vol.280 , pp. 1077-1082
    • Wang, D.G.1    Fan, J.B.2    Siao, C.J.3    Berno, A.4    Young, P.5
  • 45
    • 0034727107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An SNP map of the human genome generated by reduced representation shotgun sequencing
    • Altshuler D, Pollara VJ, Cowles CR, Van Etten WJ, Baldwin J, et al. (2000) An SNP map of the human genome generated by reduced representation shotgun sequencing. Nature 407: 513-516.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.407 , pp. 513-516
    • Altshuler, D.1    Pollara, V.J.2    Cowles, C.R.3    Van Etten, W.J.4    Baldwin, J.5
  • 47
    • 0016220238 scopus 로고
    • The hitch-hiking effect of a favourable gene
    • Smith JM, Haigh J (1974) The hitch-hiking effect of a favourable gene. Genet Res 23: 23-35.
    • (1974) Genet Res , vol.23 , pp. 23-35
    • Smith, J.M.1    Haigh, J.2
  • 48
    • 0024763059 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of variation in the long-range genomic organization of the human major histocompatibility complex class II region by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
    • Dunham I, Sargent CA, Dawkins RL, Campbell RD (1989) An analysis of variation in the long-range genomic organization of the human major histocompatibility complex class II region by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Genomics 5: 787-796.
    • (1989) Genomics , vol.5 , pp. 787-796
    • Dunham, I.1    Sargent, C.A.2    Dawkins, R.L.3    Campbell, R.D.4
  • 50
    • 0033828761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimate of the mutation rate per nucleotide in humans
    • Nachman MW, Crowell SL (2000) Estimate of the mutation rate per nucleotide in humans. Genetics 156: 297-304.
    • (2000) Genetics , vol.156 , pp. 297-304
    • Nachman, M.W.1    Crowell, S.L.2
  • 51
    • 0031025043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of recombination in the HLA class II region
    • Cullen M, Noble J, Erlich H, Thorpe K, Beck S, et al. (1997) Characterization of recombination in the HLA class II region. Am J Hum Genet 60: 397-407.
    • (1997) Am J Hum Genet , vol.60 , pp. 397-407
    • Cullen, M.1    Noble, J.2    Erlich, H.3    Thorpe, K.4    Beck, S.5
  • 52
    • 0036783307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution patterns of meiotic recombination across the human major histocompatibility complex
    • Cullen M, Perfetto SP, Klitz W, Nelson G, Carrington M (2002) High-resolution patterns of meiotic recombination across the human major histocompatibility complex. Am J Hum Genet 71: 759-776.
    • (2002) Am J Hum Genet , vol.71 , pp. 759-776
    • Cullen, M.1    Perfetto, S.P.2    Klitz, W.3    Nelson, G.4    Carrington, M.5
  • 53
    • 0034795550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intensely punctate meiotic recombination in the class II region of the major histocompatibility complex
    • Jeffreys AJ, Kauppi L, Neumann R (2001) Intensely punctate meiotic recombination in the class II region of the major histocompatibility complex. Nat Genet 29: 217-222.
    • (2001) Nat Genet , vol.29 , pp. 217-222
    • Jeffreys, A.J.1    Kauppi, L.2    Neumann, R.3
  • 54
    • 0036780616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic sophistication of human complement components C4A and C4B and RP-C4-CYP21-TNX (RCCX) modules in the major histocompatibility complex
    • Chung EK, Yang Y, Rennebohm RM, Lokki ML, Higgins GC, et al. (2002) Genetic sophistication of human complement components C4A and C4B and RP-C4-CYP21-TNX (RCCX) modules in the major histocompatibility complex. Am J Hum Genet 71: 823-837.
    • (2002) Am J Hum Genet , vol.71 , pp. 823-837
    • Chung, E.K.1    Yang, Y.2    Rennebohm, R.M.3    Lokki, M.L.4    Higgins, G.C.5
  • 55
    • 0019303559 scopus 로고
    • Inherited structural polymorphism of the fourth component of human complement
    • U S A
    • Awdeh ZL, Alper CA (1980) Inherited structural polymorphism of the fourth component of human complement. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 77: 3576-3580.
    • (1980) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.77 , pp. 3576-3580
    • Awdeh, Z.L.1    Alper, C.A.2
  • 56
    • 0026591593 scopus 로고
    • A single arginine to tryptophan interchange at beta-chain residue 458 of human complement component C4 accounts for the defect in classical pathway C5 convertase activity of allotype C4A6. Implications for the location of a C5 binding site in C4
    • Ebanks RO, Jaikaran AS, Carroll MC, Anderson MJ, Campbell RD, et al. (1992) A single arginine to tryptophan interchange at beta-chain residue 458 of human complement component C4 accounts for the defect in classical pathway C5 convertase activity of allotype C4A6. Implications for the location of a C5 binding site in C4. J Immunol 148: 2803-2811.
    • (1992) J Immunol , vol.148 , pp. 2803-2811
    • Ebanks, R.O.1    Jaikaran, A.S.2    Carroll, M.C.3    Anderson, M.J.4    Campbell, R.D.5
  • 57
    • 0036951207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of the immune response: Identifying immune variation within the MHC and throughout the genome
    • Geraghty DE, Daza R, Williams LM, Vu Q, Ishitani A (2002) Genetics of the immune response: Identifying immune variation within the MHC and throughout the genome. Immunol Rev 190: 69-85.
    • (2002) Immunol Rev , vol.190 , pp. 69-85
    • Geraghty, D.E.1    Daza, R.2    Williams, L.M.3    Vu, Q.4    Ishitani, A.5
  • 59
    • 0042165029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inheritable variable sizes of DNA stretches in the human MHC: Conserved extended haplotypes and their fragments or blocks
    • Yunis EJ, Larsen CE, Fernandez-Vina M, Awdeh ZL, Romero T, et al. (2003) Inheritable variable sizes of DNA stretches in the human MHC: Conserved extended haplotypes and their fragments or blocks. Tissue Antigens 62: 1-20.
    • (2003) Tissue Antigens , vol.62 , pp. 1-20
    • Yunis, E.J.1    Larsen, C.E.2    Fernandez-Vina, M.3    Awdeh, Z.L.4    Romero, T.5
  • 60
    • 18544390541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association of specific HLA class I and II alleles with type 1 diabetes among Filipinos
    • Bugawan TL, Klitz W, Alejandrino M, Ching J, Panelo A, et al. (2002) The association of specific HLA class I and II alleles with type 1 diabetes among Filipinos. Tissue Antigens 59: 452-469.
    • (2002) Tissue Antigens , vol.59 , pp. 452-469
    • Bugawan, T.L.1    Klitz, W.2    Alejandrino, M.3    Ching, J.4    Panelo, A.5
  • 61
    • 0035664698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA class II polymorphism in Aka Pygmies and Bantu Congolese and a reassessment of HLA-DRB1 African diversity
    • Renquin J, Sanchez-Mazas A, Halle L, Rivalland S, Jaeger G, et al. (2001) HLA class II polymorphism in Aka Pygmies and Bantu Congolese and a reassessment of HLA-DRB1 African diversity. Tissue Antigens 58: 211-222.
    • (2001) Tissue Antigens , vol.58 , pp. 211-222
    • Renquin, J.1    Sanchez-Mazas, A.2    Halle, L.3    Rivalland, S.4    Jaeger, G.5
  • 62
    • 0038629152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Similar incidence of type 1 diabetes in two ethnically different populations (Italy and Slovenia) is sustained by similar HLA susceptible/protective haplotype frequencies
    • Petrone A, Battelino T, Krzisnik C, Bugawan T, Erlich H, et al. (2002) Similar incidence of type 1 diabetes in two ethnically different populations (Italy and Slovenia) is sustained by similar HLA susceptible/protective haplotype frequencies. Tissue Antigens 60: 244-253.
    • (2002) Tissue Antigens , vol.60 , pp. 244-253
    • Petrone, A.1    Battelino, T.2    Krzisnik, C.3    Bugawan, T.4    Erlich, H.5
  • 63
    • 0030875179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The major histocompatability complex (MHC) contains conserved polymorphic genomic sequences that are shuffled by recombination to form ethnic-specific haplotypes
    • Gaudieri S, Leelayuwat C, Tay GK, Townend DC, Dawkins RL (1997) The major histocompatability complex (MHC) contains conserved polymorphic genomic sequences that are shuffled by recombination to form ethnic-specific haplotypes. J Mol Evol 45: 17-23.
    • (1997) J Mol Evol , vol.45 , pp. 17-23
    • Gaudieri, S.1    Leelayuwat, C.2    Tay, G.K.3    Townend, D.C.4    Dawkins, R.L.5
  • 64
    • 0020688126 scopus 로고
    • Extended HLA/complement allele haplotypes: Evidence for T/t-like complex in man
    • U S A
    • Awdeh ZL, Raum D, Yunis EJ, Alper CA (1983) Extended HLA/complement allele haplotypes: Evidence for T/t-like complex in man. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 80: 259-263.
    • (1983) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.80 , pp. 259-263
    • Awdeh, Z.L.1    Raum, D.2    Yunis, E.J.3    Alper, C.A.4
  • 65
    • 17644449674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A linkage disequilibrium map of the MHC region based on the analysis of 14 loci haplotypes in 50 French families
    • Sanchez-Mazas A, Djoulah S, Busson M, Le Monnier de Gouville I, Poirier JC, et al. (2000) A linkage disequilibrium map of the MHC region based on the analysis of 14 loci haplotypes in 50 French families. Eur J Hum Genet 8: 33-41.
    • (2000) Eur J Hum Genet , vol.8 , pp. 33-41
    • Sanchez-Mazas, A.1    Djoulah, S.2    Busson, M.3    Le Monnier De Gouville, I.4    Poirier, J.C.5
  • 66
    • 0037444350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haplotype-specific linkage disequilibrium patterns define the genetic topography of the human MHC
    • Ahmad T, Neville M, Marshall SE, Armuzzi A, Mulcahy-Hawes K, et al. (2003) Haplotype-specific linkage disequilibrium patterns define the genetic topography of the human MHC. Hum Mol Genet 12: 647-656.
    • (2003) Hum Mol Genet , vol.12 , pp. 647-656
    • Ahmad, T.1    Neville, M.2    Marshall, S.E.3    Armuzzi, A.4    Mulcahy-Hawes, K.5
  • 67
    • 0034851867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HLA polymorphism in the Murcia population (Spain): In the cradle of the archaeologic Iberians
    • Muro M, Marin L, Torio A, Moya-Quiles MR, Minguela A, et al. (2001) HLA polymorphism in the Murcia population (Spain): In the cradle of the archaeologic Iberians. Hum Immunol 62: 910-921.
    • (2001) Hum Immunol , vol.62 , pp. 910-921
    • Muro, M.1    Marin, L.2    Torio, A.3    Moya-Quiles, M.R.4    Minguela, A.5
  • 68
    • 0032958440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomics of the major histocompatibility complex: Haplotypes, duplication, retroviruses and disease
    • Dawkins R, Leelayuwat C, Gaudieri S, Tay G, Hui J, et al. (1999) Genomics of the major histocompatibility complex: Haplotypes, duplication, retroviruses and disease. Immunol Rev 167: 275-304.
    • (1999) Immunol Rev , vol.167 , pp. 275-304
    • Dawkins, R.1    Leelayuwat, C.2    Gaudieri, S.3    Tay, G.4    Hui, J.5
  • 71
    • 0037167852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting recent positive selection in the human genome from haplotype structure
    • Sabeti PC, Reich DE, Higgins JM, Levine HZ, Richter DJ, et al. (2002) Detecting recent positive selection in the human genome from haplotype structure. Nature 419: 832-837.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.419 , pp. 832-837
    • Sabeti, P.C.1    Reich, D.E.2    Higgins, J.M.3    Levine, H.Z.4    Richter, D.J.5
  • 72
    • 0031824226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DRB1-DQA1-DQB1 loci and multiple sclerosis predisposition in the Sardinian population
    • Marrosu MG, Murru MR, Costa G, Murru R, Muntoni F, et al. (1998) DRB1-DQA1-DQB1 loci and multiple sclerosis predisposition in the Sardinian population. Hum Mol Genet 7: 1235-1237.
    • (1998) Hum Mol Genet , vol.7 , pp. 1235-1237
    • Marrosu, M.G.1    Murru, M.R.2    Costa, G.3    Murru, R.4    Muntoni, F.5
  • 73
    • 24344496533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ancient haplotypes of the HLA Class II region
    • Raymond CK, Kas A, Paddock M, Qiu R, Zhou Y, et al. (2005) Ancient haplotypes of the HLA Class II region. Genome Res 15: 1250-1257.
    • (2005) Genome Res , vol.15 , pp. 1250-1257
    • Raymond, C.K.1    Kas, A.2    Paddock, M.3    Qiu, R.4    Zhou, Y.5
  • 74
    • 0027298481 scopus 로고
    • HLA-DQ allelic polymorphisms constrain patterns of class II heterodimer formation
    • Kwok WW, Kovats S, Thurtle P, Nepom GT (1993) HLA-DQ allelic polymorphisms constrain patterns of class II heterodimer formation. J Immunol 150: 2263-2272.
    • (1993) J Immunol , vol.150 , pp. 2263-2272
    • Kwok, W.W.1    Kovats, S.2    Thurtle, P.3    Nepom, G.T.4
  • 75
    • 18544383722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Family-based analysis using a dense single-nucleotide polymorphism-based map defines genetic variation at PSORS1, the major psoriasis-susceptibility locus
    • Veal CD, Capon F, Allen MH, Heath EK, Evans JC, et al. (2002) Family-based analysis using a dense single-nucleotide polymorphism-based map defines genetic variation at PSORS1, the major psoriasis-susceptibility locus. Am J Hum Genet 71: 554-564.
    • (2002) Am J Hum Genet , vol.71 , pp. 554-564
    • Veal, C.D.1    Capon, F.2    Allen, M.H.3    Heath, E.K.4    Evans, J.C.5
  • 76
    • 3042700117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for substantial fine-scale variation in recombination rates across the human genome
    • Crawford DC, Bhangale T, Li N, Hellenthal G, Rieder MJ, et al. (2004) Evidence for substantial fine-scale variation in recombination rates across the human genome. Nat Genet 36: 700-706.
    • (2004) Nat Genet , vol.36 , pp. 700-706
    • Crawford, D.C.1    Bhangale, T.2    Li, N.3    Hellenthal, G.4    Rieder, M.J.5
  • 78
    • 8444223091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficiency and consistency of haplotype tagging of dense SNP maps in multiple samples
    • Ke X, Durrant C, Morris AP, Hunt S, Bentley DR, et al. (2004) Efficiency and consistency of haplotype tagging of dense SNP maps in multiple samples. Hum Mol Genet 13: 2557-2565.
    • (2004) Hum Mol Genet , vol.13 , pp. 2557-2565
    • Ke, X.1    Durrant, C.2    Morris, A.P.3    Hunt, S.4    Bentley, D.R.5
  • 79
    • 0000356980 scopus 로고
    • The interaction of selection and linkage. II. Optimum models
    • Lewontin RC (1964) The interaction of selection and linkage. II. Optimum models. Genetics 50: 757-782.
    • (1964) Genetics , vol.50 , pp. 757-782
    • Lewontin, R.C.1
  • 80
    • 0034017850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GOLD - Graphical overview of linkage disequilibrium
    • Abecasis GR, Cookson WO (2000) GOLD - Graphical overview of linkage disequilibrium. Bioinformatics 16: 182-183.
    • (2000) Bioinformatics , vol.16 , pp. 182-183
    • Abecasis, G.R.1    Cookson, W.O.2
  • 81
    • 10244245425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GOLDsurfer: Three dimensional display of linkage disequilibrium
    • Pettersson F, Jonsson O, Cardon LR (2004) GOLDsurfer: Three dimensional display of linkage disequilibrium. Bioinformatics 20: 3241-3243.
    • (2004) Bioinformatics , vol.20 , pp. 3241-3243
    • Pettersson, F.1    Jonsson, O.2    Cardon, L.R.3
  • 83
    • 13444269543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haploview: Analysis and visualization of LD and haplotype maps
    • Barrett JC, Fry B, Maller J, Daly MJ (2005) Haploview: Analysis and visualization of LD and haplotype maps. Bioinformatics 21: 263-265.
    • (2005) Bioinformatics , vol.21 , pp. 263-265
    • Barrett, J.C.1    Fry, B.2    Maller, J.3    Daly, M.J.4
  • 85
    • 0035130163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomic divergences between humans and other hominoids and the effective population size of the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees
    • Chen FC, Li WH (2001) Genomic divergences between humans and other hominoids and the effective population size of the common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees. Am J Hum Genet 68: 444-456.
    • (2001) Am J Hum Genet , vol.68 , pp. 444-456
    • Chen, F.C.1    Li, W.H.2
  • 86
    • 0025257112 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of major histocompatibility complex class-II genes: X, Y and other letters of the alphabet
    • Benoist C, Mathis D (1990) Regulation of major histocompatibility complex class-II genes: X, Y and other letters of the alphabet. Annu Rev Immunol 8: 681-715.
    • (1990) Annu Rev Immunol , vol.8 , pp. 681-715
    • Benoist, C.1    Mathis, D.2
  • 87
    • 0842310835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intense and highly localized gene conversion activity in human meiotic crossover hot spots
    • Jeffreys AJ, May CA (2004) Intense and highly localized gene conversion activity in human meiotic crossover hot spots. Nat Genet 36: 151-156.
    • (2004) Nat Genet , vol.36 , pp. 151-156
    • Jeffreys, A.J.1    May, C.A.2
  • 88
    • 0032955550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene conversion can create new MHC alleles
    • Hogstrand K, Bohme J (1999) Gene conversion can create new MHC alleles. Immunol Rev 167: 305-317.
    • (1999) Immunol Rev , vol.167 , pp. 305-317
    • Hogstrand, K.1    Bohme, J.2
  • 89
    • 0033555906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tandem repeats .nder: A program to analyze DNA sequences
    • Benson G (1999) Tandem repeats .nder: A program to analyze DNA sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 27: 573-580.
    • (1999) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.27 , pp. 573-580
    • Benson, G.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.