What is nanomedicine?

Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 2-9

  Freitas Jr , Robert A ^a  

^a Institute for Molecular Manufacturing   (United States)

Author keywords

Nanomaterials; Nanomedicine; Nanorobotics

Indexed keywords

CELLULAR REPAIRS; NANOMATERIALS; NANOMEDICINE; NANOROBOTICS;

MEDICINE; MICROBIOLOGY; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; MUTAGENESIS; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS;

NANOTECHNOLOGY;

DNA; NANOPARTICLE;

BIOTECHNOLOGY; CLINICAL RESEARCH; DNA SEQUENCE; MEDICINE; NANOFILTRATION; NANOMEDICINE; NANOTECHNOLOGY; PARTICLE SIZE; REVIEW; ROBOTICS; SENSOR; SIEVE TUBE; TAXONOMY;

BIOSENSING TECHNIQUES; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; NANOMEDICINE; NANOSTRUCTURES; ROBOTICS; TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT, BIOMEDICAL;

EID: 31344445440     PISSN: 15499634     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2004.11.003     Document Type: Review

References (83)

1. National Science Foundation. National Nanotechnology Initiative: research and development FY 2002. Available at:. www.nano.gov/2002budget.html Accessed on 27 Sept 2004
2. Roco M.C. National nanotechnology investment in the FY 2004 budget request, AAAS report. XXVIII: research and development FY 2004. Available at:. www.aaas.org/spp/rd/04pch25.htm Accessed on 27 Sept 2004
3. Nanomedicine: grounds for optimism, and a call for papers. Lancet 362 (2003) 673
4. RB-162: biomedical applications of manoscale devices (2003), Business Communications. Available at: www.bccresearch.com/editors/RB-162.html Accessed on 27 Sept 2004
5. Freitas Jr. R.A. Nanomedicine. Vol. 1: Basic capabilities (1999), Landes Bioscience. Available at: www.nanomedicine.com/NMI.htm Accessed on 27 Sept 2004
6. Freitas Jr. R.A. Nanodentistry. J Am Dent Assoc 131 (2000) 1559-1566
7. Freitas Jr. R.A. Nanomedicine. Vol. 2A: Biocompatibility (2003), Landes Bioscience. Available at: www.nanomedicine.com/NMIIA.htm Accessed on 27 Sept 2004
8. Weber DO. Nanomedicine. Health Forum J 1999;42:32,36-7.
9. Freitas Jr. R.A. The future of nanofabrication and molecular scale devices in nanomedicine. Stud Health Technol Inform 80 (2002) 45-59
10. Bogunia-Kubik K., and Sugisaka M. From molecular biology to nanotechnology and nanomedicine. Biosystems 65 (2002) 123-138
11. Haberzettl C.A. Nanomedicine: destination or journey?. Nanotechnology 13 (2002) R9-R13
12. Emerich D.F., and Thanos C.G. Nanotechnology and medicine. Expert Opin Biol Ther 3 (2003) 655-663
13. Jain K.K. Nanodiagnostics: application of nanotechnology in molecular diagnostics. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 3 (2003) 153-161
14. National Institutes of Health. NIH roadmap: nanomedicine (2003), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda. Available at: www.nihroadmap.nih.gov/nanomedicine/index.asp Accessed on 27 Sept 2004
15. Alliance for Nanomedical Technologies. home page Available at:. www.research.cornell.edu/anmt/ Accessed on 27 Sept 2004
16. Drexler K.E. Engines of creation: the coming era of nanotechnology (1986), Anchor Press/Doubleday, New York
17. Drexler K.E., Peterson C., and Pergamit G. Unbounding the future: the nanotechnology revolution (1991), William Morrow/Quill Books, New York
18. Feynman R.P. There's plenty of room at the bottom. Eng Sci (CalTech) 23 (1960) 22-36
19. Desai T.A., Chu W.H., Tu J.K., Beattie J.M., Hayek A., and Ferrari M. Microfabricated immunoisolating biocapsules. Biotechnol Bioeng 57 (1998) 118-120
20. Leoni L., and Desai T.A. Nanoporous biocapsules for the encapsulation of insulinoma cells: biotransport and biocompatibility considerations. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 48 (2001) 1335-1341
21. Leoni L., Boiarski A., and Desai T.A. Characterization of nanoporous membranes for immunoisolation: diffusion properties and tissue effects. Biomed Microdev 4 (2002) 131-139
22. Tao S.L., and Desai T.A. Microfabricated drug delivery systems: from particles to pores. Adv Drug Delivery Rev 55 (2003) 315-328
23. Ahmed A., Bonner C., and Desai T.A. Bioadhesive microdevices with multiple reservoirs: a new platform for oral drug delivery. J Control Release 81 (2002) 291-306
24. Leoni L., Attiah D., and Desai T.A. Nanoporous platforms for cellular sensing and delivery. Sensors 2 (2002) 111-120
25. Leoni L., and Desai T.A. Micromachined biocapsules for cell-based sensing and delivery. Adv Drug Delivery Rev 56 (2004) 211-229
26. Lee S.B., and Martin C.R. Electromodulated molecular transport in gold-nanotube membranes. J Am Chem Soc 124 (2002) 11850-11851
27. Nishizawa M., Menon V.P., and Martin C.R. Metal nanotubule membranes with electrochemically switchable ion-transport selectivity. Science 268 (1995) 700-702
28. Trofin L., Lee S.B., Mitchell D.T., et al. A ligand-gated ion-channel mimetic nanopore membrane with an on-board transmembrane microbattery. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 4 (2004) 239-244
29. Martin C.R., and Kohli P. The emerging field of nanotube biotechnology. Nature Rev Drug Discovery 2 (2003) 29-37
30. Bayley H., and Martin C.R. Resistive-pulse sensing from microbes to molecules. Chem Rev 100 (2000) 2575-2594
31. Steinle E.D., Mitchell D.T., Wirtz M., Lee S.B., Young V.Y., and Martin C.R. Ion channel mimetic micropore and nanotube membrane sensors. Anal Chem 74 (2002) 2416-2422
32. Wirtz M., Yu S., and Martin C.R. Template synthesized gold nanotube membranes for chemical separations and sensing. Analyst 127 (2002) 871-879
33. Lee S.B., Mitchell D.T., Trofin L., Nevanen T.K., Soderlund H., and Martin C.R. Antibody-based bio/nanotube membranes for enantiomeric drug separations. Science 296 (2002) 2198-2200
34. Mitchell D.T., Lee S.B., Trofin L., Li N., Nevanen T.K., and Soderlund H. Smart nanotubes for bioseparations and biocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 124 (2002) 11864-11865
35. Meller A., Nivon L., Brandin E., Golovchenko J., and Branton D. Rapid nanopore discrimination between single polynucleotide molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 (2000) 1079-1084
36. Meller A., Nivon L., and Branton D. Voltage-driven DNA translocations through a nanopore. Phys Rev Lett 86 (2001) 3435-3438
37. Meller A., and Branton D. Single molecule measurements of DNA transport through a nanopore. Electrophoresis 23 (2002) 2583-2591
38. Deamer D.W., and Branton D. Characterization of nucleic acids by nanopore analysis. Acc Chem Res 35 (2002) 817-825
39. Branton D., and Meller A. Using nanopores to discriminate between single molecules of DNA. In: Kasianowicz J.J., Kellermayer M.S.Z., and Deamer D.W. (Eds). Structure and dynamics of confined polymers (2002), Kluwer, Dordrecht 177-185
40. Wang H., and Branton D. Nanopores with a spark for single-molecule detection. Nature Biotechnol 19 (2001) 622-623
41. Li J., Gershow M., Stein D., Brandin E., and Golovchenko J.A. DNA molecules and configurations in a solid-state nanopore microscope. Nat Materials 2 (2003) 611-615
42. Li J., Stein D., McMullan C., Branton D., Aziz M.J., and Golovchenko J.A. Ion-beam sculpting at nanometre length scales. Nature 412 (2001) 166-169
43. Stein D., Li J., and Golovchenko J.A. Ion-beam sculpting time scales. Phys Rev Lett 89 (2002) 276106-1-276106-4
44. Storm A.J., Chen J.H., Ling X.S., Zandbergen H.W., and Dekker C. Fabrication of solid-state nanopores with single-nanometre precision. Nat Materials 2 (2003) 537-540
45. Chen P., Mitsui T., Farmer D.B., Golovchenko J., Gordon R.G., and Branton D. Atomic layer deposition to fine-tune the surface properties and diameters of fabricated nanopores. Nano Lett 4 (2004) 1333-1337
46. Sauer-Budge A.F., Nyamwanda J.A., Lubensky D.K., and Branton D. Unzipping kinetics of double-stranded DNA in a nanopore. Phys Rev Lett 90 (2003) 238101-1-238101-4
47. Deamer D.W., and Akeson M. Nanopores and nucleic acids: prospects for ultrarapid sequencing. Trends Biotechnol 18 (2000) 147-151
48. Schinazi R.F., Sijbesma R., Srdanov G., Hill C.L., and Wudl F. Synthesis and virucidal activity of a water-soluble, configurationally stable, derivatized C60 fullerene. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 37 (1993) 1707-1710
49. Tsao N., Kanakamma P.P., Luh T.Y., Chou C.K., and Lei H.Y. Inhibition of Escherichia coli-induced meningitis by carboxyfullerence. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 43 (1999) 2273-2277
50. Tsao N., Luh T.Y., Chou C.K., Wu J.J., Lin YS., and Lei H.Y. Inhibition of group A Streptococcus infection by carboxyfullerene. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45 (2001) 1788-1793
51. Bosi S., Da Ros T., Castellano S., Banti E., and Prato M. Antimycobacterial activity of ionic fullerene derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 10 (2000) 1043-1045
52. Tabata Y., Murakami Y., and Ikada Y. Photodynamic effect of polyethylene glycol-modified fullerene on tumor. Jpn J Cancer Res 88 (1997) 1108-1116
53. Tabata Y., Murakami Y., and Ikada Y. Antitumor effect of poly(ethylene glycol)-modified fullerene. Fullerene Sci Technol 5 (1997) 989-1007
54. Miyata N., and Yamakoshi T. In: Kadish K.M., and Ruoff R.S. (Eds). Fullerenes: recent advances in the chemistry and physics of fullerenes and related materials vol. 5 (1997), Electrochemical Society, Pennington (NJ) 345-357
55. Dugan L.L., Lovett E., Cuddihy S., Ma B., Lin T., and Choi D.W. Carboxyfullerenes as neuroprotective antioxidants. In: Kadish K.M., and Ruoff R.S. (Eds). Fullerenes: chemistry, physics, and technology (2000), John Wiley, New York 467-480
56. West J.L., and Halas N.J. Applications of nanotechnology to biotechnology. Curr Opin Biotechnol 11 (2000) 215-217
57. Sershen S.R., Westcott S.L., Halas N.J., and West J.L. Temperature-sensitive polymer-nanoshell composite for photothermally modulated drug delivery. J Biomed Mater Res 51 (2000) 293-298
58. Hirsch L.R., Jackson J.B., Lee A., Halas N.J., and West J.L. A whole blood immunoassay using gold nanoshells. Anal Chem 75 (2003) 2377-2381
59. Patolsky F., Zheng G., Hayden O., Lakadamyali M., Zhuang X., and Lieber C.M. Electrical detection of single viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101 (2004) 14017-14022 10.1073/pnas.0406159101 Available at: Accessed on 27 Sept 2004
60. Kukowska-Latallo J.F., Bielinska A.U., Johnson J., Spindler R., Tomalia D.A., and Baker Jr. J.R. Efficient transfer of genetic material into mammalian cells using Starburst polyamidoamine dendrimers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93 (1996) 4897-4902
61. Quintana A., Raczka E., Piehler L., Lee I., Mue A., Majoros I., et al. Design and function of a dendrimer-based therapeutic nanodevice targeted to tumor cells through the folate receptor. Pharmaceutical Res 19 (2000) 1310-1316
62. Baker Jr. J.R., Quintana A., Piehler L., Banaszak Holl M., Tomalia D., and Raczka E. The synthesis and testing of anti-cancer therapeutic nanodevices. Biomed Microdevices 3 (2001) 61-69
63. Betley T.A., Hessler J.A., Mecke A., Banaszak Holl M.M., Orr B.G., Uppuluri S., et al. Tapping mode atomic force microscopy investigation of poly(amidoamine) core-shell tecto(dendrimers) using carbon nanoprobes. Langmuir 18 (2002) 3127-3133
64. Tomalia D.A., Brothers II H.M., Piehler L.T., Durst H.D., and Swanson D.R. Partial shell-filled core-shell tecto(dendrimers): a strategy to surface differentiated nano-clefts and cusps. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99 (2002) 5081-5087
65. Hamad-Schifferli K., Schwartz J.J., Santos A.T., Zhang S., and Jacobson J.M. Remote electronic control of DNA hybridization through inductive coupling to an attached metal nanocrystal antenna. Nature 415 (2002) 152-156
66. Choi C. Radio-controlled DNA act as gene switches (2002), United Press International [14 January]
67. Service R.F. Biology offers nanotechs a helping hand. Science 298 (2002) 2322-2323
68. Mushegian A.R. The minimal genome concept. Curr Opin Genet Dev 9 (1999) 709-714
69. Evans GA. Method for the complete chemical synthesis and assembly of genes and genomes. US Patent No. 6,521,427, Egea Biosciences, San Diego CA; 18 February 2003.
70. Goho A.M. Life made to order: efforts to create custom-made organisms-one DNA letter at a time-could yield new sources of energy or novel drugs. Technol Rev 106 (2003) 50-57
71. Gillis J. Scientists planning to make new form of life (2002), Washington Post A01 [21 November]
72. Freitas Jr. R.A., and Merkle R.C. Kinematic self-replicating machines (2004), Landes Bioscience, Georgetown (Tex). Available at: www.MolecularAssembler.com/KSRM.htm Accessed on 27 Sept 2004
73. Merkle R.C., and Freitas Jr. R.A. Theoretical analysis of a carbon-carbon dimer placement tool for diamond mechanosynthesis. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 3 (2003) 319-324
74. Peng J., Freitas Jr. R.A., and Merkle R.C. Theoretical analysis of diamond mechanosynthesis, I: stability of C2 mediated growth of nanocrystalline diamond C(110) surface. J Comput Theor Nanosci 1 (2004) 62-70
75. Mann D.J., Peng J., Freitas Jr. R.A., and Merkle R.C. Theoretical analysis of diamond mechanosynthesis, II: C2 mediated growth of diamond C(110) surface via Si/Ge-triadamantane dimer placement tools. J Comput Theor Nanosci 1 (2004) 71-80
76. Lyding J.W., Hess K., Abeln G.C., Thompson D.S., Moore J.S., and Hersam M.C. UHV-STM nanofabrication and hydrogen/deuterium desorption from silicon surfaces: implications for CMOS technology. Appl Surface Sci 130 (1998) 221-230
77. Oyabu N., Custance O., Yi I., Sugawara Y., and Morita S. Mechanical vertical manipulation of selected single atoms by soft nanoindentation using near contact atomic force microscopy. Phys Rev Lett 90 (2003) 176102
78. Ummat A., Dubey A., and Mavroidis C. Bionanorobotics-a field inspired by nature. In: Bar-Cohen Y. (Ed). Biomimetics: biologically inspired technologies (2005), CRC Press, Boca Raton (Fla) [In press]
79. Freitas Jr. R.A. Exploratory design in medical nanotechnology: a mechanical artificial red cell. Artif Cells Blood Substitutes Immobilization Biotechnol 26 (1998) 411-430. Available at: www.foresight.org/Nanomedicine/Respirocytes.html [Accessed on 27 Sept 2004]
80. Freitas Jr. R.A. Microbivores: artificial mechanical phagocytes using digest and discharge protocol. Zyvex preprint, March 2001. Available at:. www.rfreitas.com/Nano/Microbivores.htm [Accessed on]
81. Freitas Jr. R.A. Say ah!. Sciences 40 (2000) 26-31
82. Fiedler F.A., and Reynolds G.H. Legal problems of nanotechnology: an overview. S Cal Interdisciplinary Law J 3 (1994) 593-629
83. Miller J. Beyond biotechnology: FDA regulation of nanomedicine. Columbia Sci Technol Law Rev 4 (2002-2003). http:www.stlr.org/html/volume4/miller.pdf [Available at: www.stlr.org/html/volume4/miller.pdf. Accessed on]