Myc activates telomerase

Genes and Development

Volumn 12, Issue 12, 1998, Pages 1769-1774

  Wang, Jing ^a   Xie, Lin Ying ^a   Allan, Susan ^a   Beach, David ^b   Hannon, Gregory J ^a  

^a Watson School of Biological Sciences   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

hEST2; Myc; Telomerase; Tumorigenesis

Indexed keywords

TELOMERASE;

ARTICLE; CARCINOGENESIS; CELL SURVIVAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ACTIVATION; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME INDUCTION; EPITHELIUM CELL; FIBROBLAST; GENE MUTATION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; ONCOGENE C MYC; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION;

EID: 2642610318     PISSN: 08909369     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1101/gad.12.12.1769     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Alitalo, K., P. Koskinen, T.P. Makela, K. Saksela, L. Sistonen, and R. Winqvist. 1987. myc oncogenes: Activation and amplification. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 907: 1-32.
2. Bodnar, A.G., M. Ouellette, M. Frolkis, S.E. Holt, C.P. Chiu, G.B. Morin, C.B. Harley, J.W. Shay, S. Lichtsteiner, and W.E. Wright. 1998. Extension of life-span by introduction of telomerase into normal human cells. Science 279: 349-352.
3. Broccoli, D., J.W. Young, and T. de Lange. 1995. Telomerase activity in normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 92: 9082-9086.
4. Bryan, T.M. and R.R. Reddel. 1997. Telomere dynamics and telomerase activity in in vitro immortalised human cells. Eur. J. Cancer 33: 767-773.
5. Counter, C.M., A.A. Avilion, C.E. LeFeuvre, N.G. Stewart, C.W. Greider, C.B. Harley, and S. Bacchetti. 1992. Telomere shortening associated with chromosome instability is arrested in immortal cells which express telomerase activity. EMBO J. 11: 1921-1929.
6. Counter, C.M., H.W. Hirte, S. Bacchetti, and C.B. Harley. 1994. Telomerase activity in human ovarian carcinoma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 91: 2900-2904.
7. Dimri, G.P., X. Lee, G. Basile, M. Acosta, G. Scott, C. Roskelley, E.E. Medrano, M. Linskens, I. Rubelj, O. Pereira-Smith et al. 1995. A biomarker that identifies senescent human cells in culture and in aging skin in vivo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 92: 9363-9367.
8. Goldstein, S., E.J. Moerman, S. Fujii, and B.E. Sobel. 1994. Overexpression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 in senescent fibroblasts from normal subjects and those with Werner syndrome. J. Cell. Physiol. 161: 571-579.
9. Grandori, C. and R.N. Eisenman. 1997. Myc target genes. Trends Biochem. Sci. 22: 177-181.
10. Greider, C.W. 1998. Telomerase activity, cell proliferation, and cancer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 95: 90-92.
11. Harley, C.B. 1991. Telomere loss: Mitotic clock or genetic time bomb? Mutat. Res. 256: 271-282.
12. Harley, C.B., A.B. Futcher, and C.W. Greider. 1990. Telomeres shorten during aging of human fibroblasts. Nature 345: 458-460.
13. Harlow, E.L. and D. Lane. 1988. Antibodies: A laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
14. Harrington, L., W. Zhou, T. McPhail, R. Oulton, D.S. Yeung, V. Mar, M.B. Bass, and M.O. Robinson. 1997. Human telomerase contains evolutionarily conserved catalytic and structural subunits. Genes & Dev. 11: 3109-3115.
15. Hastie, N.D., M. Dempster, M.G. Dunlop, A.M. Thompson, D.K. Green, and R.C. Allshire. 1990. Telomere reduction in human colorectal carcinoma and with aging. Nature 346: 866-868.
16. Hiyama, E., K. Hiyama, T. Yokoyama, Y. Matsuura, M.A. Piatyszek, and J.W. Shay. 1995. Correlating telomerase activity levels with human neuroblastoma outcomes. Nature Med. 1: 249-255.
17. Holt, S.E., W.E. Wright, and J.W. Shay. 1997. Multiple pathways for the regulation of telomerase activity. Eur. J. Cancer 33: 761-766.
18. Kelly, K. and U. Siebenlist. 1988. Mitogenic activation of normal T cells leads to increased initiation of transcription in the c-myc locus. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 4828-4831.
19. Kim, N.W., M.A. Piatyszek, K.R. Prowse, C.B. Harley, M.D. West, P.L. Ho, G.M. Coviello, W.E. Wright, S.L. Weinrich, and J.W. Shay. 1994. Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer. Science 266: 2011-2015.
20. Kinoshita, T., H. Shirasawa, Y. Shino, H. Moriya, L. Desbarats, M. Eilers, and B. Simizu. 1997. Transactivation of prothymosin alpha and c-myc promoters by human papillomavirus type 16 E6 protein. Virology 232: 53-61.
21. Klingelhutz, A.J., S.A. Foster, and J.K. McDougall. 1996. Telomerase activation by the E6 gene product of human papillomavirus type 16. Nature 380: 79-82.
22. Kyo, S., M. Takakura, T. Kohama, and M. Inoue. 1997. Telomerase activity in human endometrium. Cancer Res. 57: 610-614.
23. Lacy, J., S.N. Sarkar, and W.C. Summers. 1986. Induction of c-myc expression in human B lymphocytes by B-cell growth factor and anti-immunoglobulin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 83: 1458-1462.
24. Meyerson, M., C.M. Counter, E.N. Eaton, L.W. Ellisen, P. Steiner, S.D. Caddle, L. Ziaugra, R.L. Beijersbergen, M.J. Davidoff, Q. Liu, S. Bacchetti, D.A. Haber, and R.A. Weinberg. 1997. hEST2, the putative human telomerase catalytic subunit gene, is up-regulated in tumor cells and during immortalization. Cell 90: 785-795.
25. Mitchell, L.S., R.A. Neill, and G.D. Birnie. 1992. Temporal relationships between induced changes in c-myc mRNA abundance, proliferation, and differentiation in HL60 cells. Differentiation 49: 119-125.
26. Morgenstern, J.P. and H. Land. 1990. Advanced mammalian gene transfer: High titre retroviral vectors with multiple drug selection markers and a complementary helper-free packaging cell line. Nucleic Acids Res. 18: 3587-3596.
27. Nakamura, T.M., G.B. Morin, K.B. Chapman, S.L. Weinrich, W.H. Andrews, J. Lingner, C.B. Harley, and T.R. Cech. 1997. Telomerase catalytic subunit homologs from fission yeast and human. Science 277: 955-959.
28. Odom, L.D., J.M. Barrett, C.G. Pantazis, L.D. Stoddard, and P.G. McDonough. 1989. Immunocytochemical study of ras and myc proto-oncogene polypeptide expression in the human menstrual cycle. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 161: 1663-1668.
29. Olovnikov, A.M. 1973. A theory of marginotomy. The incomplete copying of template margin in enzymic synthesis of polynucleotides and biological significance of the phenomenon. J. Theor. Biol. 41: 181-190.
30. Serrano, M., A.W. Lin, M.E. McCurrach, D. Beach, and S.W. Lowe. 1997. Oncogenic ras provokes premature cell senescence associated with accumulation of p53 and p16INK4a. Cell 88: 593-602.
31. Shay, J.W. and S. Bacchetti. 1997. A survey of telomerase activity in human cancer. Eur. J. Cancer 33: 787-791.
32. Shay, J.W. and W.E. Wright. 1996. Telomerase activity in human cancer. Curr. Opin. Oncol. 8: 66-71.
33. Shay, J.W., W.E. Wright, D. Brasiskyte, and B.A. Van der Haegen. 1993. E6 of human papillomavirus type 16 can overcome the M1 stage of immortalization in human mammary epithelial cells but not in human fibroblasts. Oncogene 8: 1407-1413.
34. Shay, J.W., G. Tomlinson, M.A. Piatyszek, and L.S. Gollahon. 1995. Spontaneous in vitro immortalization of breast epithelial cells from a patient with Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Mol. Cell. Biol. 15: 425-432.
35. Singer, M.S. and D.E. Gottschling. 1994. TLC1: Template RNA component of Saccharomyces cerevisiae telomerase. Science 266: 404-409.
36. Stein, G.H. and V. Dulic. 1995. Origins of G1 arrest in senescent human fibroblasts. BioEssays 17: 537-543.
37. Strahl, C. and E.H. Blackburn. 1996. Effects of reverse transcriptase inhibitors on telomere length and telomerase activity in two immortalized human cell lines. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16: 53-65.
38. van Steensel, B. and T. de Lange. 1997. Control of telomere length by the human telomeric protein TRF1. Nature 385: 740-743.
39. Watson, J.D. 1972. Origin of concatemeric T7 DNA. Nat. New Biol. 239: 197-201.
40. Weinrich, S.L., R. Pruzan, L. Ma, M. Ouellette, V.M. Tesmer, S.E. Holt, A.G. Bodnar, S. Lichtsteiner, N.W. Kim, J.B. Trager, R.D. Taylor, R. Carlos, W.H. Andrews, W.E. Wright, J.W. Shay, C.B. Harley, and G.B. Morin. 1997. Reconstitution of human telomerase with the template RNA component hTR and the catalytic protein subunit hTRT. Nature Genet. 17: 498-502.
41. Wright, W.E., M.A. Piatyszek, W.E. Rainey, W. Byrd, and J.W. Shay. 1996. Telomerase activity in human germline and embryonic tissues and cells. Dev. Genet. 18: 173-179.