Incorporation of galactomannans in the diet of newly weaned piglets: Effect on bacteriological and some morphological characteristics of the small intestine

Archives of Animal Nutrition

Volumn 59, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 123-138

  Van Nevel, Christian J ^a   Decuypere, Jaak A ^a   Dierick, Noel A ^a   Molly, Koen ^b  

^a GHENT UNIVERSITY   (Belgium)

^b Vitamex NV   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Galactomannans; Gut morphology; Intestinal flora; NDO; Piglets; Viscosity

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CERATONIA SILIQUA; CYAMOPSIS TETRAGONOLOBA; ESCHERICHIA COLI; LACTOBACILLUS; PHASEOLUS (ANGIOSPERM); STREPTOCOCCUS; SUS SCROFA;

GALACTOMANNAN; MANNAN;

ADAPTATION; ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ANIMAL FOOD; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL COUNT; BACTERIUM; DIGESTIVE SYSTEM; FEMALE; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; MALE; MICROBIOLOGY; PATHOLOGY; RANDOMIZATION; SMALL INTESTINE; SWINE; VISCOSITY; WEANING;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ANIMAL FEED; ANIMAL NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGY; ANIMALS; BACTERIA; COLONY COUNT, MICROBIAL; DIGESTIVE SYSTEM; FEMALE; INTESTINE, SMALL; MALE; MANNANS; RANDOM ALLOCATION; SWINE; VISCOSITY; WEANING;

EID: 24744449986     PISSN: 1745039X     EISSN: 14772817     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/17450390512331387936     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Anderson DB, McCracken VJ, Aminov RI, Simpson JM, Mackie RI, Verstegen MWA, Gaskins HR. 1999. Gut microbiology and growth-promoting antibiotics in swine. Pig News and Information 20:115N-122N.
2. Anonymous. 1971a. Community methods of analysis for the official control of feedingstuffs. Official Journal of the European Communities L 155:13-37.
3. Anonymous. 1971b. Community methods of analysis for the official control of feedingstuffs. Official Journal of the European Communities L 279:7-18.
4. Anonymous. 1992. Community methods of analysis for the official control of feedingstuffs. Official Journal of the European Communities L 344:35-37.
5. Anonymous. 1993. Community methods of analysis for the official control of feedingstuffs. Official Journal of the European Communities L 179:8-10.
6. Anonymous. 1998. Community methods of analysis for the determination of amino acids, crude oils and fats, and olaquindox in feeding stuffs. Official Journal of the European Communities L 257:14-15.
7. Bach Knudsen KE, Serena A, Canibe N, Juntunen KS. 2003. New insight into butyrate metabolism. Proc Nutr Soc 62:81-86.
8. Bartelt J, Jadamus, A, Wiese F, Swiech E, Buraczewska L, Simon O. 2002. Apparent precaecal digestibility of nutrients and level of endogenous nitrogen in digesta of the small intestine as affected by various digesta viscosities. Arch Anim Nutr 56:93-107.
9. Blackburn NA, Johnson IT. 1981. The effect of guar gum on the viscosity of the gastrointestinal contents and on glucose uptake from the perfused jejunum in the rat. Brit J Nutr 46:239-246.
10. Cera KR, Mahan DC, Cross RF, Reinhart GA, Whitmoyer RE. 1988. Effect of age, weaning and postweaning diet on small intestinal growth and jejunal morphology in young swine. J Anim Sci 66:574-584.
11. Cerf-Bensussan N, Guy-Grand D. 1991. Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes. Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am 20:549-576.
12. Corring T, Juste C, Simoes-Nunes C. 1981. Digestive enzymes in the germ-free animal. Reprod Nutr Dev 21:355-370.
13. Dierick NA, Vervaeke IJ, Decuypere JA, Henderickx HK. 1990. Bacterial protein synthesis in relation to organic matter digestion in the hindgut of growing pigs; contribution of hindgut fermentation to total energy supply and growth performances. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 63:220-235.
14. Dierick NA, Decuypere JA, Molly K, Van Beek E, Vanderbeke E. 2002. The combined use of triacylglycerols (TAGs) containing medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) and exogenous lipolytic enzymes as an alternative to nutritional antibiotics in piglet nutrition. II In vivo release of MCFAs in gastric cannulated and slaughtered piglets by endogenous and exogenous lipases; effects on the luminal gut flora and growth performance. Livest Prod Sci 76:1-16.
15. Dierick N, Decuypere J, Molly K, Vanderbeke E. 2004. Microbial protease addition to a soybean meal diet for weaned piglets: effects on performance, digestion, gut flora and gut function. In: Muzquiz M, Hill GD, Cuadrado C, Pedrosa MM, Burbano C, editors. Recent advances of research in antinutritional factors in legume seeds and oilseeds. EAAP Publication No. 110, Wageningen, The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers. pp 229-233.
16. Ehrlein H, Stockmann A. 1998. Absorption of nutrients is only slightly reduced by supplementing enteral formulas with viscous fiber in miniature pigs. J Nutr 128:2446-2455.
17. Ellis PR, Apling EC, Leeds AR, Bolster NR. 1981. Guar bread: Acceptability and efficacy combined. Studies on blood glucose, serum insulin and satiety in normal subjects. Brit J Nutr 46:267-276.
18. Evans AJ, Hood RL, Oakenfull DG, Sidhu GS. 1992. Relationship between structure and function of dietary fibre: A comparative study of the effects of three galactomannans on cholesterol metabolism in the rat. Brit J Nutr 68:217-229.
19. Gaskins HR. 1997. Immunological aspects of host/microbiota interactions at the intestinal epithelium. In: Mackie R, White BA, Isaacson RE, editors. Gastrointestinal microbiology Vol.2. Gastrointestinal microbes and host interactions. New York: Chapman & Hall Microbiol. Series. pp. 537-587.
20. Gaskins HR, Collier CT, Anderson DB. 2002. Antibiotics as growth promotants: mode of action. Anim Biotechnol 13:29-42.
21. Gibson GR. 1998. Dietary modulation of the human gut microflora using prebiotics. Brit J Nutr 80:(Suppl.2)S209-S212.
22. Gibson GR, Roberfroid MB. 1995. Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: Introducing the concept of prebiotics. J Nutr 125:1401-1412.
23. Gu X, Li D, She R. 2002. Effect of weaning on small intestinal structure and function in the piglet. Arch Anim Nutr 56:275-286.
24. Gu X, Li D. 2004. Effect of dietary crude protein level on villous morphology, immune status and histochemistry parameters of digestive tract in weaning piglets. Anim Feed Sci Technol 114:113-126.
25. Guy-Grand D, DiSanto JP, Henchoz P, Malassis-Séris M, Vassali P. 1998. Small bowel enteropathy: role of intraepithelial lymphocytes and of cytokines (IL-12, IFN-γ, TNF) in the induction of epithelial cell death and renewal. Eur J Immunol 28:730-744.
26. Hall PA, Coates PJ, Ansari B, Hopwood D. 1994. Regulation of cell number in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract: the importance of apoptosis. J Cell Sci 107:3569-3577.
27. Hamann L, EL-Samalouti V, Ulmer AJ, Flad H-D, Rietschel ET. 1998. Components of gut bacteria as immunomodulators. Int J Food Microbiol 41:141-154.
28. Hampson DJ. 1986. Alterations in piglet small intestinal structure at weaning. Res Vet Sci 40:32-40.
29. Hampson DJ, Kidder DE. 1986. Influence of creep feeding and weaning on brush border enzyme activities in the piglet small intestine. Res Vet Sci 40:24-31.
30. Henningsson AM, Björck IME, Nyman EMGL. 2002. Combinations of indigestible carbohydrates affect short-chain fatty acid formation in the hindgut of rats. J Nutr 132:3098-3104.
31. Hillman K. 2001. Bacteriological aspects of the use of antibiotics and their alternatives in the feed of non-ruminant animals. In: Garnsworthy PC, Wiseman J, editors. Recent advances in animal nutrition. Nottingham, UK: Nottingham University Press. pp 107-134.
32. Jensen BB. 1999. Impact of feed composition and feed processing on the gastrointestinal ecosystem in pigs. In: Jansman AJM, Huisman J, editors. Nutrition and gastrointestinal physiology - today and tomorrow. Wageningen, The Netherlands: TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute. pp 43-56.
33. Jin L, Reynolds LP, Redmer DA, Caton JS, Crenshaw JD. 1994. Effects of dietary fiber on intestinal growth, cell proliferation, and morphology in growing pigs. J Anim Sci 72:2270-2278.
34. Joerger RD. 2003. Alternatives to antibiotics: Bacteriocins, antimicrobial peptides and bacteriophages. Poultry Sci 82:640-647.
35. Johansen HN, Bach Knudsen KE, Sandström B, Skjøth F. 1996. Effects of varying content of soluble dietary fibre from wheat flour and oat milling fractions on gastric emptying in pigs. Brit J Nutr 75:339-351.
36. Johnson IT, Gee JM, Mahoney RR. 1984. Effect of dietary supplements of guar gum and cellulose on intestinal cell proliferation, enzyme levels and sugar tranport in the rat. Brit J Nutr 52:477-487.
37. Li DF, Nelssen JL, Reddy PG, Blecha F, Hancock JD, Allee GL, Goodband RD, Klemm RD. 1990. Transient hypersensitivity to soybean meal in the early- weaned pig. J Anim Sci 68:1790-1799.
38. Lynn ME, Mathers JC, Parker DS. 1994a. Guar-gum feeding reduces Lactobacillus fermentum adherence to enterocytes. Proc Nutr Soc 53:227A.
39. Lynn ME, Mathers JC, Parker DS. 1994b. Increasing luminal viscosity stimulates crypt-cell proliferation throughout the gut. Proc Nutr Soc 53:226A.
40. Maisonnier S, Gomez J, Brée A, Berri C, Baéza E, Carré B. 2003. Effects of microflora status, dietary bile salts and guar gum on lipid digestibility, intestinal bile salts, and histomorphology in broiler chickens. Poultry Sci 82:805-814.
41. Mangan JL. 1988. Nutritional effects of tannins in animal feeds. Nutr Res Revs 1:209-231.
42. Manzanilla EG, Perez J, Martin M, Kamel C, Baucells F, Gasa J. 2004. Effect of plant extracts and formic acid on the intestinal equilibrium of early-weaned pigs. J Anim Sci 82:3210-3218.
43. Mathers JC. 1998. Nutrient regulation of intestinal proliferation and apoptosis. Proc Nutr Soc 57:219-223.
44. McDonald DE, Pethick DW, Pluske JR, Hampson DJ. 1999. Adverse effects of soluble non-starch polysaccharide (guar gum) on piglet growth and experimental colibacillosis immediately after weaning. Res Vet Sci 67:245-250.
45. McDonald DE, Pethick DW, Mullan BP, Hampson DJ. 2001. Increasing viscosity of the intestinal contents alters small intestinal stucture and intestinal growth, and stimulates proliferation of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in newly-weaned piglets. Brit J Nutr 86:487-498.
46. Mikkelsen LL, Jensen BB. 2004. Effect of fructo-oligosaccharides and transgalacto-oligosaccharides on microbial populations and microbial activity in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets post-weaning. Anim Feed Sci Technol 117:107-119.
47. Montagne L, Pluske JR, Hampson DJ. 2003. A review of interactions between dietary fibre and the intestinal mucosa, and their consequences on digestive health in young non-ruminant animals. Anim Feed Sci Technol 108:95-117.
48. Moreau MC, Coste M. 1993. Immune responses to dietary protein antigens. In: Simopoulos AP, Corring T, Rérat A, editors. Intestinal flora, immunity, nutrition and health. World Rev Nutr Diet., Basel: Karger. vol.74, p 22-57.
49. Nabuurs MJA, Hoogendoorn A, Van der Molen EJ, Van Osta ALM. 1993. Villus height and crypt depth in weaned and unweaned pigs, reared under various circumstances in The Netherlands. Res Vet Sci 55: 78-84.
50. Neutra MR, Forstner JF. 1987. Gastrointestinal mucus: synthesis, secretion and function. In: Johnson LR, editor. Physiology of the gastrointestinal tract, Vol. 2. NewYork: Raven Press, pp 975-1009.
51. Nunez MC, Bueno JD, Ayudarte MV, Almendros A, Rios A, Suarez MD, Gil A. 1996. Dietary restriction induces biochemical and morphometric changes in the small intestine of nursing piglets. J Nutr 126:933-944.
52. Okubo T, Ishihara N, Takahashi H, Fujisawa T, Kim M, Yamamoto T, Mitsuoka T. 1994. Effects of partially hydrolyzed guar gum on intestinal microflora and its metabolism. Biosc Biotechnol Biochem 58:1364-1369.
53. Pabst R, Rothkötter HJ. 1999. Postnatal development of lymphocyte subsets in different compartments of the small intestine of piglets. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 72:167-173.
54. Papagiannopoulos M, Wollseifen HR, Mellenthin A, Haber B, Galensa R. 2004. Identification and quantification in carob fruits (Ceratonia siliqua L.) and derived products by HPLC-UV-ESI/MSn. J Agric Food Chem 52:3784-3791.
55. Partanen K, Mroz Z. 1999. Organic acids for performance enhancement in pig diets. Livest Prod Sci 76:1-16.
56. Pell JD, Gee JM, Wortley GM, Johnson IT. 1992. Dietary corn oil and guar gum stimulate intestinal crypt cell proliferation in rats by independent but potentially synergistic mechanisms. J Nutr 122:2447-2456.
57. Pluske JR, Hampson DJ, Williams IH. 1997. Factors influencing the structure and function of the small intestine in the weaned pig: A review. Livest Prod Sci 51:215-236.
58. Potten CS, Booth C, Pritchard DM. 1997. The intestinal epithelial stem cell: The mucosal governor. Int J Exp Path 78:219-243.
59. Prosky L, Asp N-G, Furda I, De Vries JW, Schweizer TF, Harland BF. 1985. Determination of total dietary fiber in foods and food products: Collaborative study. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 68:677-679.
60. Rainbird AL. 1986. Effect of guar gum on gastric emptying of test meals of varying energy content in growing pigs. Brit J Nutr 55:99-109.
61. Rainbird AL, Low AG. 1986. Effect of guar gum on gastric emptying in growing pigs. Brit J Nutr 55:87-98.
62. Reid G, Friendship R. 2002. Alternatives to antibiotic use: probiotics for the gut. Anim Biotechnol 13:97-112.
63. Ricke SC. 2003. Perspectives on the use of organic acids and short chain fatty acids as antimicrobials. Poultry Sci 82:632-639.
64. Rooke JA, Slessor M, Fraser H, Thomson JR. 1997. Growth performance and gut function of piglets weaned at four weeks of age and fed protease-treated soya-bean meal. Anim Feed Sci Technol 70:175-190.
65. Sakata T. 1987. Stimulatory effect of short-chain fatty acids on epithelial cell proliferation in the rat intestine: A possible explanation for trophic effects of fermentable fibre, gut microbes and luminal trophic factors. Brit J Nutr 58:95-103.
66. Sakata T. 1988. Depression of intestinal epithelial cell production rate by hindgut bypass in rats. Scand. J Gastroenterol 23:1200-1202.
67. Sakata T. 1997. Influence of short chain fatty acids on intestinal growth and functions. In: Kritchevsky D, Bonfield C, editors. Dietary fiber in health and disease. New York: Plenum Press. pp191-199.
68. Salminen S, Bouley C, Boutron-Ruault M-C, Cummings JH, Franck A, Gibson GR, Isolauri E, Moreau M-C, Roberfroid M, Rowland I. 1998. Functional food science and gastrointestinal physiology and function. Brit J Nutr 80:(Suppl 1)S147-S171.
69. Schley PD, Field CJ. 2002. The immune-enhancing effects of dietary fibres and prebiotics. Brit J Nutr 87:(Suppl 2)S221-S230.
70. Sunvold GD, Fahey GC Jr, Merchen NR, Bourquin LD, Titgemeyer EC, Bauer LL, Reinhart GA. 1995. Dietary fiber for cats: In vitro fermentation of selected fiber sources by cat fecal inoculum and in vivo utilization of diets containing selected fiber sources and their blends. J Anim Sci 73:2329-2339.
71. Swanson KS, Grieshop C, Flickinger EA, Bauer LL, Healy H-P, Dawson KA, Merchen NR, Fahey GC Jr. 2002. Supplemental fructooligosaccharides and mannan-oligosaccharides influence immune function, ileal and total tract nutrient digestibilities, microbial populations and concentrations of protein catabolites in the large bowel of dogs. J Nutr 132:980-989.
72. Theander O, Westerlund E, Åman P, Graham H. 1989. Plant cell walls and monogastric diets. Anim Feed Sci Technol 23:205-225.
73. Van Der Heyde H, Henderickx H. 1963. Zur Vereinfachung der quantitativen und qualitativen Bestimmung der Bakterien unter Verwendung von 'Ringplatten'. Zentralblatt Bakteriol I Orig 189:224-228.
74. 32P-labelled phosphate incorporation. Brit J Nutr 38:101-114.
75. Van Nevel CJ, Decuypere JA, Dierick N, Molly K. 2003. The influence of Lentinus edodes (Shiitake mushroom) preparations on bacteriological and morphological aspects of the small intestine in piglets. Arch Anim Nutr 57:399-412.
76. Verstegen MWA, Williams BA. 2002. Alternatives to the use of antibiotics as growth promoters for monogastric animals. Anim Biotechnol 13:113-127.
77. Vervaeke I, Decuypere J, Dierick N, Henderickx H. 1979. Quantitative in vitro evaluation of the energy metabolism influenced by Virginiamycin and Spiramycin used as growth promoters in pig nutrition. J Anim Sci 49:846-856.
78. Visek WJ. 1978. The mode of growth promotion by antibiotics. J Anim Sci 46:1447-1469.