Pharmacokinetics of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies used in oncology

Anticancer Research

Volumn 25, Issue 3 C, 2005, Pages 2327-2343

  Levêque, Dominique ^a,b   Wisniewski, Sandra ^a   Jehl, François ^b  

^a HÔPITAL DE HAUTEPIERRE   (France)

^b Institut de Bacteriologie   (France)

Author keywords

Monoclonal antibodies; Oncology; Pharmacokinetics; Review

Indexed keywords

ALEMTUZUMAB; ANTHRACYCLINE; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; BEVACIZUMAB; CARBOPLATIN; CARMUSTINE; CETUXIMAB; CISPLATIN; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DOCETAXEL; DOXORUBICIN; EDRECOLOMAB; EPIRUBICIN; EPIRUBICINOL; FLUOROURACIL; FOLINIC ACID; GEMCITABINE; GEMTUZUMAB OZOGAMICIN; IBRITUMOMAB TIUXETAN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; IRINOTECAN; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; PACLITAXEL; RITUXIMAB; TOSITUMOMAB; TRASTUZUMAB;

ACUTE GRANULOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; BODY SURFACE; BODY WEIGHT; BRAIN TUMOR; BREAST CANCER; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID LEVEL; CHRONIC LYMPHATIC LEUKEMIA; CLINICAL TRIAL; COLORECTAL CANCER; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG ELIMINATION; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG PENETRATION; DRUG STRUCTURE; HUMAN; INJECTION SITE REACTION; LUNG NON SMALL CELL CANCER; LYMPHOMA; METASTASIS; MYELOMA; NONHODGKIN LYMPHOMA; NONHUMAN; ONCOLOGY; PHARMACODYNAMICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SEX DIFFERENCE; SIDE EFFECT;

ANTIBODIES, MONOCLONAL; DRUG INTERACTIONS; HUMANS; IMMUNOCONJUGATES; NEOPLASMS;

EID: 22944452422     PISSN: 02507005     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (145)

1. Breedveld FC: Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Lancet 355: 735-740, 2000.
2. Drewe E and Powell RJ: Clinically useful monoclonal antibodies in treatment. J Clin Pathol 55: 81-85, 2002.
3. Kupper TS: Immunologic targets in psoriasis. New Engl J Med 349: 1987-1990, 2003.
4. Ames SA, Gleeson CD and Kirkpatrick P: Omalizumab. Nat Rev Drug Discov 3: 199-200, 2004.
5. Harris M: Monoclonal antibodies as therapeutic agents for cancer. Lancet Oncol 5: 292-302, 2004.
6. Reichert J and Pavlou A: Monoclonal antibodies market. Nat Rev Drug Discov 3: 383-384, 2004.
7. Köhler G and Milstein C: Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity. Nature 256: 495-497, 1975.
8. Nadler LM, Stashenko P, Hardy R, Kaplan WD, Button LN, Kufe DW, Antman KH and Schlossman SF: Serotherapy of a patient with a monoclonal antibody directed against a human lymphoma-associated antigen. Cancer Res 40: 3147-3154, 1980.
9. Hughes D: Therapeutic antibodies make a come back. Drug Discov Today 3: 439-442, 1998.
10. Osterborg A, Fassas AS, Anagnostopoulos A, Dyer MJ, Catovsky D and Mellstedt H: Humanized CD52 monoclonal antibody Campath-1H as first line treatment in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Br J Haematol 93: 151-153, 1996.
11. Bowen AL, Zomas A, Emmett E, Matutes E, Dyer MJS and Catovsky D: Subcutaneous Campath-1H in fludarabine-resistant/relapsed chronic lymphocytic and B-prolymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 96: 617-619, 1997.
12. Montillo M, Cafro AM, Tedeshi A, Brando B, Oreste P, Veronese S, Rossi V, Cairoli R, Pungolino E and Mora E: Safety and efficacy of subcutaneous Campath-1H for treating residual disease in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia responding to fludarabine. Haematologica 87: 695-700, 2002.
13. Lundin J, Kimby E, Björkholm M, Broliden PA, Celsing F, Hjalmar V, Möllgard L, Rebello P, Hale G, Waldmann H, Mellstedt H and Österborg A: Phase II trial of subcutaneous anti-CD52 monoclonal antibody alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) as first line treatment for patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Blood 100: 768-773, 2002.
14. Lundin J, Porwit-MacDonald A, Rossman ED, Karlsson C, Edman P, Rezvany MR, Kimby E, Österborg A and Mellstedt H: Cellular immune reconstitution after subcutaneous alemtuzumab (anti CD-52 monoclonal antibody, Campath 1H) treatment as first line therapy for B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Leukemia 18: 484-490, 2004.
15. Stilgenbauer S, Winkler D, Kröber A, Kienle D, Hallek M, Hensel M, Lengfelder E, Trümper L, Dreger P, Jäger U and Döhner H: Subcutaneous Campath-1H (alemtuzumab) in fludarabine-refractory CLL. Blood 104: abstract 478, 2004.
16. Hale G, Rebello P, Brettman LR, Fegan C, Kennedy B, Kimby A, Leach M, Lundin J, Mellstedt H, Moreton P, Rawstron AC, Waldmann H, Osterborg A and Hilmen P: Blood concentrations of alemtuzumab and antiglobulin responses in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia following intravenous or subcutaneous routes of administration. Blood 104: 948-955, 2004.
17. Gasparetto C, Chao NJ, Horwitz ME, Moore JO, DeCastro C, Gockerman J, Sullivan K, Rooney B, Houser L, Anderson E, Hale G, Toaso B and Rizzieri DA: Pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous alemtuzumab in a patient with myeloma. Blood 102: abstract 5267, 2003.
18. Yang MX, Shenoy B, Disttler M, Patel R, McGrath M, Pechenov S and Margolin AL: Crystalline monoclonal antibodies for subcutaneous delivery. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100: 6934-6939, 2003.
19. Epenetos AA, Snook D, Durbin H, Johnson PM and Taylor-Papadimitriou J: Limitations of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies for localization of human neoplasms. Cancer Res 46: 3183-3191, 1986.
20. Yokota T, Milenic DE, Whitlow M and Schlom J: Rapid tumor penetration of a single-chain Fv and comparison with other immunoglobulin forms. Cancer Res 52: 3402-3408, 1992.
21. Jain RK, Munn LL and Fukumura D: Dissecting tumor pathophysiology using intravital microscopy. Nat Rev Cancer 2: 266-276, 2002.
22. Jayson GC, Zweit J, Jackson A, Mulatero C, Julyan P, Ranson M, Broughton L, Wagstaff J, Hakannson L, Groenewegen G, Bailey J, Smith N, Hastings D, Lawrance J, Haroon H, Ward T, McGown AT, Tang M, Levitt D, Marreaud S, Lehmann FF, Herold M and Zwierzina H: Molecular imaging and biological evaluation of HuMV833 anti-VEGF antibody: implications for trial design of antiangiogenic antibodies. J Natl Cancer Inst 94: 1484-1493, 2002.
23. Sands H, Jones PL, Shah SA, Palme D, Vessella RL and Gallagher BM: Correlation of vascular permeability and blood flow with monoclonal antibody uptake by human Clouser and renal cell xenografts. Cancer Res 48: 188-193, 1988.
24. Hobbs SK, Monsky WL, Yuan F, Roberts WG, Griffith L, Torchilin VP and Jain RK: Regulation of transport pathways in tumor vessels: role of tumor type and microenvironment. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95: 4607-4612, 1998.
25. Jain RK: Transport of molecules in the tumor interstitium: a review. Cancer Res 47: 3039-3051, 1987.
26. Jain RK and Baxter LT: Mechanisms of heterogenous distribution of monoclonal antibodies and other molecules in tumors: significance of elevated interstitial pressure. Cancer Res 48: 7022-7032, 1988.
27. Netti PA, Berk DA, Swartz MA, Grodzinsky AJ and Jain RK: Role of extracellular matrix assembly in interstitial transport in solid tumors. Cancer Res 60: 2497-2503, 2000.
28. Pluen A, Boucher Y, Ramanujan S, McKee TD, Gohongi T, di Tomaso E, Brown EP, Izumi Y, Campbell RB, Berk DA and Jain RK: Role of tumor-host interactions in interstitial diffusion on macromolecules: cranial vs. subcutaneous tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 4628-4633, 2001.
29. Jain RK: Delivery of molecular medicine to solid tumors: lessons from in vivo imaging of gene expression and function. J Control Release 74: 7-25, 2001.
30. Heldin CH, Rubin K, Pietras K and Östman A: High intersitial fluid pressure - an obstacle in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 4: 806-813, 2004.
31. Padera TP, Stoll BR, Tooredman JB, Capen D, Di Tomaso E and Jain RK: Cancer cells compress intratumoral vessels. Nature 427: 695, 2004.
32. Fujimori K, Covell DG, Fletcher JE and Weinstein JN: Modeling analysis of the global and microscopic distribution of immunoglobulin G, F(ab')2, and Fab in tumors. Cancer Res 49: 5656-5663, 1989.
33. Van Osdol W, Fujimori K and Weinstein JN: An analysis of monoclonal antibody distribution in microscopic tumor nodules: consequences of a "binding site barrier". Cancer Res 57: 4776-4784, 1991.
34. Juweid M, Neumann R, Paik C, Perez-Bacete MJ, Sato J, van Osdol W and Weinstein JN: Micropharmacology of monoclonal antibodies in solid tumors: direct experimental evidence for a binding site barrier. Cancer Res 52: 5144-5153, 1992.
35. Saga T, Neumann RD, Heya T, Sato J, Kinuya S, Le N, Paik CH and Weinstein JN: Targeting cancer micrometastases with monoclonal antibodies: a binding site barrier. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92: 8999-9003, 1995.
36. 125I-antibody therapy efficacy in multicell spheroids. Cancer Res 52: 4728-4734, 1992.
37. Österborg A, Dyer MJS, Bunjes D, Pangalis GA, Bastion Y, Catovsky D and Mellsted H: Phase II multicenter study of human CD52 antibody in previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol 75: 1567-1574, 1997.
38. Hillmen P and Moreton P: Optimising alemtuzumab therapy for refractory B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 23: 561(abstract), 2004.
39. Coiffier B, Lepage E, Brière J, Herbrecht R, Tilly H, Bouabdallah R, Morel P, van der Neste E, Salles G, Gaulard P, Reyes F and Gisselbrecht C: CHOP chemotherapy plus rituximab compared with CHOP alone in elderly patients with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma. New Engl J Med 346: 235-242, 2002.
40. Hurwitz H, Fehrenbacher L, Novotny W, Cartwright T, Hainsworth J, Heim W, Berlin J, Baron A, Griffing S, Holmgren E, Ferrara N, Fyfe G, Rogers B, Ross R and Kabbinar F: Bevacizumab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer. New Engl J Med 350: 2335-2342, 2004.
41. Fields ALA, Keller AM, Schwartzenberg L, Bernard S, Pazdur R, Kardinal C, Cohen A, Schultz J, Eisenberg P, Barber L, Edmundson S and Wissel P: Edrecolomab (17-1A antibody) in combination with 5-fluorouracil based chemotherapy in the adjuvant treatment of stage III colon cancer: results of a randomised North American phase III study. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 21: 128a (abstract), 2002.
42. Sievers EL, Larson RA, Stadtmauer EA, Estey E, Löwenberg B, Dombret H, Karanes C, Theobald M, Bennet JM, Sherman ML, Berger MS, Eten CB, Loken MR, van Dongen JJM, Berstein ID and Appelbaum FR: Efficacy and safety of gemtuzumab ozogamicin in patients with CD33-positive acute myeloid leukemia in first relapse. J Clin Oncol 19: 3244-3254, 2001.
43. Witzig TE, Gordon LI, Cabanillas F, Czuczman MS, Emmanouilides C, Joyce R, Pohman BL, Bartlett NL, Wiseman GA, Padre N, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Multani P and White CA: Randomized contolled trial of Ytrium-90-labeled ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy versus rituximab immunotherapy for patients with relapsed or refractory low grade, follicular, or transformed B-cell non Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 20: 2453-2463, 2002.
44. Zhang Y and Pardridge WM: Mediated efflux of IgG molecules from brain to blood across the blood-brain barrier. J Neuroimmunol 114: 168-172, 2001.
45. Schlachetzki F, Zhu C and Pardridge WM: Expression of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) at the blood brain barrier. J Neurochem 81: 203-206, 2002.
46. Pestalozzi BC and Brignoli S: Trastuzumab in CSF. J Clin Oncol 18: 2350-2351, 2000.
47. Ruhstaller TW, Amsler U and Cerny T: Rituximab: active treatment of central nervous system involvement by non-Hodgkin's lymphoma? Ann Oncol 11: 374-375, 2001.
48. Pels H, Schultz H, Manzke O, Hom E, Thall A and Engert A: Intraventricular and intravenous treatment of a patient with refractory primary CNS lymphoma using rituximab. J Neuro Oncol 59: 213-216, 2002.
49. Rubenstein JL, Combs D, Rosenberg J, Levy H, McDermott M, Damon L, Ignoffo R, Aldape K, Shen A, Lee D, Grillo-Lopez A and Shuman MA: Rituximab therapy for CNS lymphomas: targeting the leptomeningeal compartment. Blood 101: 466-468, 2003.
50. Ward ES, Zhou J, Ghetie V and Ober RJ: Evidence to support the cellular mechanism involved in serum IgG homeostasis in humans. Int Immunol 15: 187-195, 2003.
51. Firan M, Bawdon R, Radu C, Ober RJ, Eaken D, Antohe F, Ghetie V and Ward ES: The MHC class I-related receptor, FcRn, plays an essential role in the maternofetal transfer of γ-globulin in humans. Int Immunol 13: 993-1002, 2001.
52. Cianga P, Cianga C, Cozma L, Ward ES and Carasevici E: The MHC class I-related receptor, FcRn, is expressed in the epithelial cells of the human mammary gland. Hum Immunol 64: 1152-1159, 2003.
53. Brambell FWR, Hemmings WA and Morris IG: A theoretical model of γ-globulin catabolism. Nature 203: 1352-1355, 1964.
54. Junghans RP and Anderson CL: The protection receptor for IgG catabolisrn is the β2-microglobulin-containing neonatal intestinal transport receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 5512-5516, 1996.
55. Ober RJ, Martinez C, Vacaro C, Zhou J and Ward ES: Visualizing the site and dynamics of IgG salvage by the MHC class I-related receptor, FcRn. J Immunol 172: 2021-2029, 2004.
56. Morell A, Terry WD and Waldmann TA: Metabolic properties of IgG subclasses in man. J Exp Med 49: 673-680, 1970.
57. Hansen RJ and Balthasar JP: Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling of the effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on the disposition of antiplatelet antibodies in a rat model of immune thromcytopenia. J Pharm Sci 92: 1206-1215, 2003.
58. Kennedy DA, Beum PV, Solga MD, DiLillo DJ, Lindorfer MA, Hess CE, Densmore JJ, Williams ME and Taylor RP: Rituximab infusion promotes rapid complement depletion and acute CD20 loss in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Immunol 172: 3280-3288, 2004.
59. Kobayashi N, Suzuki y, Tsuge T, Okumura K, Ra C and Tomino Y: FcRn-mediated transcytosis of immunoglobulin G in human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 252: F358-F365, 2002.
60. McKeage K and Perry CM: Trastuzumab. Drugs 62: 209-243, 2002.
61. Castro M, Van Auken and Sponzo R: Successful use of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab, in patients with non Hodgkin's lymphoma and renal insufficiency. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 20: 233b (abstract), 2001.
62. Gupta NK, El-Tarabily M, Bedient S, Michaels I, Gomez S, Lee D and Stilter M: Rituximab can be safely administered in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis without dose modification. Blood 102: abstract 4916, 2003.
63. Jillella AP, Dainer PM, Kallab AM and Ustun C: Treatment of a patient with end-stage renal disease with rituximab: pharmacokinetics evaluation suggests rituximab is not eliminated by hemodialysis. Am J Hematol 71: 219-222, 2002.
64. Buist MR, Kenemans P, den Hollander W, Vermorken JB, Molthoff CJM, Burger CW, Helmerhorst TJM, Baak JP and Roos JC: Kinetics and tissue distribution of the radiolabeled chimeric monoclonal antibody Mov18 IgG and F(ab')2 fragments in ovarian carcinoma patients. Cancer Res 53: 5413-5418, 1993.
65. Wiseman GA, White CA, Sparks RB, Erwin WD, Podoloff DA, Lamonica D, Bartlett NL, Parker JA, Dunn WL, Spies SM, Belanger R, Witzig TE and Leigh BR: Biodistribution and dosimetry results from a phase III prospectively randomized controlled trial of Zevalin® radioimmunotherapy for low grade, follicular, or transformed B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 39: 181-194, 2001.
66. Kozak RW, Raubitschek A, Mirzadeh S, Brechbiel MW, Junghaus R, Gansow OA and Waldman T: Nature of the bifunctional chelating agent used for immunotherapy with Yttrium-90 monoclonal antibodies: critical factors in determining in vivo survival and organ toxicity. Cancer Res 49: 2639-2644, 1989.
67. Spies SM, Gordon LI, Zimmer AM and Cutrera P: Feasibility of yttrium 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan (Zevalin®) radioimmunotherapy for non Hodgkin's lymphoma in a patient with chronic renal failure. Blood 104: abstract 4642, 2004.
68. Lub-De Hooge MN, Perik PJ, Gietema JA, Jager PL, Jonkman S, Kosterink JGW, Van Veldhuisen DJ, Van der Graaf WTA, Sleijfer DTH and De Vries EGE: Biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of radiolabeled trastuzumab in Her2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 23: 210 (abstract), 2004.
69. LoBuglio AF, Wheeler RH, Trang J, Haynes A, Rogers K, Harvey EB, Sun L, Ghrayeb J and Khazaeli MB: Mouse/human chimeric monoclonal antibody in man: kinetics and immune response. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 4220-4224, 1989.
70. Ober RJ, Radu CG, Ghetie V and Ward ES: Differences in promiscuity for antibody-FcRn interactions across species: implications for therapeutic antibodies. Int Immunol 13: 1551-1559, 2001.
71. Ghetie V, Popov S, Borvak J, Radu C, Matesoi D, Medesan C, Ober RJ and Ward ES: Increasing the serum persistence of an IgG fragment by random mutagenesis. Nat Biotechnol 15: 637-640, 1997.
72. Hinton PR, Johlfs MG, Xiong JM, Hanestad K, Ong KC, Bullock C, Keller S, Tao Tang M, Yun Tso J, Vasquez M and Tsurushita N: Engineered human IgG antibodies with longer serum half-lives in primates. J Biol Chem 279: 6213-6216, 2004.
73. Plosker GL and Figgit DP: Rituximab. A review of its use in non Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Drugs 63: 803-843, 2003.
74. Boye J, Elter T and Engert A: An overview of the current clinical use of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab. Ann Oncol 14: 520-535, 2003.
75. Rastetter W, Molina A and White CA: Rituximab: expanding role in therapy for lymphomas and autoimmune diseases. Annu Rev Med 55: 477-503, 2004.
76. Smith MR: Rituximab (monoclonal antiCD-20 antibody): mechanisms of action and resistance. Oncogene 22: 7359-7368, 2003.
77. Cragg MS and Glennie MJ: Antibody specificity controls in vivo effector mechanisms of anti CD-20 reagents. Blood 103: 2738-2743, 2004.
78. Beum PV, Kennedy AD and Taylor R: Three new assays for rituximab based on its immunological activity or antigenic properties: analyses of sera and plasmas of RTX-treated patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other B cell lymphomas. J Immunol Methods 259: 97-109, 2004.
79. Berinstein NL, Grillo-Lopez AJ, White CA, Bence-Bruckler I, Maloney D, Czuczman M, Green D, Rosenberg J, McLaughlin P and Shen D: Association of serum rituximab (IDEC-C2B8) concentration and anti-tumor response in the treatment of reccurent low-grade or follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann Oncol 9: 995-1001, 1998.
80. Maloney DG, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Bodkin DJ, White CA, Liles TM, Royston I, Varns C, Rosenberg J and Levy R: IDEC-C2B8: results of a phase I multiple dose trial in patients with relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 15: 3266-3274, 1997.
81. Maloney DG, Grillo-Lopez AJ, White CA, Bodkin DJ, Schilder RJ, Neidhart JA, Janakiraman N, Foon KA, Liles TM, Dallaire BK, Wey K, Royston I, Davis T and Levy R: IDEC-C2B8 (rituximab) anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in patients with relapsed low grade non Hodgkin's lymphoma. Blood 90: 2188-2195, 1997.
82. Tobinai K, Kobayashi Y Narabayashi M, Ogura M, Kagami Y, Morishima Y, Ohtsu T, Igarashi T, Sasaki Y, Kinoshita T and Murate T: Feasibility and pharmacokinetic study of a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (IDEC-C2B8, rituximab) in relapsed B-cell lymphoma. Ann Oncol 9: 527-534, 1998.
83. Piro LD, White CA, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Janakiraman N, Saven A, Beck TM, Varns, Shuey S, Czuczman M, Lynch JW, Kolitz JE and Jain V: Extended rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) therapy for relapsed or refractory low-grade or follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ann Oncol 10: 655-661, 1999.
84. Mangel, Buckstein R, Imrie K, Spaner D, Franssen E, Pavlin P, Boudreau A, Pennell N, Combs D and Berinstein NL: Pharmacokinetic study of patients with follicular or mantle cell lymphoma treated with rituximab as "in vivo purge" and consolidative immunotherapy following autologous stem cell translantation. Ann Oncol 14: 758-765, 2003.
85. Fink-Bennett DM and Thomas K: 90Y-Ibritumomab tiuxetan in the treatment of relapsed or refractory B-cell non Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Nucl Med Technol 31: 61-68, 2003.
86. Cheson B: Radioimmunotherapy of non Hodgkin's lymphoma. Blood 101: 391-398, 2003.
87. Milenic DE, Brady ED and Brechbiel MW: Antibody-targeted radiation cancer therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov 3: 488-498, 2004.
88. Cardarelli PM, Quinn M, Buckman D, Fang Y, Colcher D, King DJ, Bebbington C and Yarranton G: Binding to CD20 by anti-B1 antibody or F(ab') is sufficient for induction of apoptosis in B-cell lines. Cancer Immunol Immunother 57: 15-24, 2002.
89. Davis TA, Kaminski MS, Leonard JP, Hsu FJ, Wilkinson M, Zelenetz A, wahl RL, Kroll S, Coleman M, Goris M, Levy R and Knox SJ: The radioisotope contributes significantly to the activity of radiotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 10: 7792-7798, 2004.
90. Wahl RL: The clinical importance of dosimetry in radioimmunotherapy with tositumomab and iodine I 131 tositumomab. Semin Oncol 30 (Suppl 2): 31-38, 2003.
91. Kaminski MS, Estes J, Zasadny KR, Francis IR, Ross CW, Tuck M, Regan D, Fisher S, Gutierrez J, Kroll S, Stagg R, Tidmarsh and Wahl RL: Radioimmunotherapy with iodine 131 tositumomab for relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: updated results and long term follow-up of the University of Michigan experience. Blood 96: 1259-1266, 2000.
92. Scheidhauer K, Wolf I, Baumgart HJ, von Schilling C, Schmidt B, Reidel G, Peschel C and Schwaiger M: Biodistribution and kinetics of 131I-labelled anti-CD20 MAB IDEC-2B8 (rituximab) in relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Eur J Nucl Med 29: 1276-1282, 2002.
93. Dumont FJ: Alemtuzumab. Curr Op Invest Drugs 2: 139-160, 2001.
94. Frampton JE and Wagstaff AJ: Alemtuzumab. Drugs 63: 1229-1243, 2003.
95. Rebello P and Hale G: Pharmacokinetics of Campath-1H: assay development and validation. J Immunol Methods 255: 285-302, 2002.
96. Jilani I, Keating M, Giles FJ, O'Brien S, Kantarjian HM and Albitar M: Alemtuzumab: validation of a sensitive and simple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Leukemia Res 28: 1255-1262, 2004.
97. Rebello P, Cwynarski K, Varughese M, Eades A, Apperley JF and Hale G: Pharmacokinetics of Campath-1H in BMT patients. Cytotherapy 3: 261-267, 2001.
98. Morris EC, Rebello P, Thomson KJ, Pegs KS, Kyriakou C, Goldstone AH, Mackinnon S and Hale G: Pharmacokinetics of alemtuzumab used for in vivo and in vitro T-cell depletion in allogeneic transplantations: relevance for early adoptive immunotherapy and infectious complications. Blood 102: 404-406, 2003.
99. McGavin JK and Spencer CM: Gemtuzumab ozogamicin. Drugs 61: 1317-1322, 2001.
100. Berger MS, Leopold LH, Dowell JA, Korth-Bradley JM and Sherman ML: Licensure of gemtuzumab ozogamicin for the treatment of selected patients 60 years of age or older with acute myeloid leukemia in first relapse. Invest New Drugs 20: 395-406, 2002.
101. Bross PF, Beitz J, Chen G, Chen XH, Duffy E, Kieffer L, Roy S, Sridhara R Rahman A, Williams G and Pazdur R: Approval summary: gemtuzumab ozogamicin in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 7: 1490-1496, 2001.
102. van der Velden VHJ, te Marvelde JG, Hoogeveen PG, Bernstein ID, Houtsmuller AB, Berger MS and van Dongen JJM: Targeting of the CD33-calicheamicin immunoconjugate Mylotarg (CMA-676) in acute myeloid: in vivo and in vitro saturation and internalization by leukemic and normal myeloid cells. Blood 97: 3197-3204, 2001.
103. Kossman SE, Scheinberg DA, Jurcic JG, Jimenez J and Caron PC: A phase I trial of humanized monoclonal antibody HuM195 (anti-CD33) with low dose interleukine 2 in acute myelogenous leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 5: 2748-2755, 1999.
104. Dowell JA, Korth-Bradley J, Liu H, King SP and Berger MS: Pharmacokinetics of gemtuzumab ozogamicin, an antibody-targeted chemotherapy agent for the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia in first relapse. J Clin Pharmacol 41: 1206-1211, 2001.
105. Buckwalter M, Dowell JA, Korth-Bradley J, Gorovits B and Mayer PR: Pharmacokinetics of gemtuzumab ozogamicin as single-agent treatment of pediatric patients with refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Pharmacol 44: 873-880, 2004.
106. Leyland-Jones B: Trastuzumab: hopes and reality. Lancet Oncol 3: 137-144, 2002.
107. Leyland-Jones B, Gelmon K, Ayoub JP, Arnold A, Verma S, Dias R and Ghahramani P: Pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of trastuzumab administered every three weeks in combination with paclitaxel. J Clin Oncol 21: 3965-3971, 2003.
108. Izumi I, Xu L, di Tomaso E, Fukumura D and Jain RK: Herceptin acts as an anti-angiogenic cocktail. Nature 416: 279-280, 2002.
109. Baselga J, Tripathy D, Mendelsohn J, Baughman S, Benz CC, Dantis L, Sklarin NT, Seidman AD, Hudis CA, Moore J, Rosen PP, Twaddell T, Henderson IC and Norton L: Phase II study of weekly intravenous recombinant humanized anti-p185HER2 monoclonal antibody in patients with HER2/neu-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 14: 737-744, 1996.
110. Tokuda Y, Watanabe T, Omuro Y, Ando M, Katsumata N, Okumura A, Ohta M, Fujii H, Sasaki Y and Niwa T: Dose escalation and pharmacokinetic study of a humanised anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody in patients with HER2/neu-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. Br J Cancer 81: 1419-1425, 1999.
111. Harris KA, Washington CB, Lieberman G, Lu JF, Mass R and Bruno G: A population pharmacokinetic model for trastuzumab (Herceptin) and implications for clinical dosing. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 21: 123a (abstract), 2002.
112. Mendelsohn J: Blockade of receptors for growth factors: an anticancer therapy. Clin Cancer Res 6: 747-753, 2000.
113. Reynolds NA and Wagstaff AJ: Cetuximab in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Drugs 64: 109-118, 2004.
114. Arteaga C: Targeting HERI/EGFR: a molecular approach. Semin Oncol 30 (suppl 7): 3-14, 2003.
115. Baselga J, Pfister D, Cooper MR, Cohen R, Burtness B, Bos M, d'Andrea G, Seidman A, Norton L, Gunnett K, Falcey J, Anderson V, Waksal H and Mendelsohn J: Phase I studies of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor chimeric antibody C225 alone and in combination with cisplatin. J Clin Oncol 18: 904-914, 2000.
116. Robert F, Ezekiel MP, Spencer SA, Meredith RF, Bonner JA, Khazaeli MB, saleh MN, Carey D, LoBuglio AF, Wheeler RH, Cooper MR and Waksal HW: Phase I study of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody cetuximab in combination with radiation therapy in patients with advanced head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol 19: 3234-3243, 2001.
117. Nolting A, Delbado C, Pierga JY, Dieras V, Vedovato JC, Bonnet M, Mueser M, Kovar A, Kisker O, Faivre S and Raymond E: A study to investigate the potential for a drug/drug interaction between cetuximab (Erbitux®) and irinotecan in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor-expressing advanced solid tumors. AAPS Pharmsci 5: abstract T3381, 2003.
118. Rubin EH, Doroshow J, Hidalgo M, Wojtowicz M, Leong L, Donehower R, Bai S and Mauro D: A study to assess the pharmacokinetics of a single infusion of cetuximab (IMC-C225). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 23: 216 (abstract), 2004.
119. Adkins JC and Spencer CM: Edrecolomab (monoclonal antibody 17-1a). Drugs 56: 619-626, 1998.
120. Schwartzberg LS: Clinical experience with edrecolomab: a monoclonal antibody therapy for colorectal carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 40: 17-24, 2001.
121. Khazaeli MB, Saleh MN, Wheeler RH, Huster WJ, Holden H, Carrano R and LoBuglio AF: Phase I trial of multiple large doses of murine monoclonal antibody CO17-1A. II. Pharmacokinetics and immune response. J Natl Cancer Inst 80: 937-942, 1988.
122. Frödin JE, Lefvert AK and Mellstedt H: Pharmacokinetics of the mouse monoclonal antibody 17-1A in cancer patients receiving various treatments schedules. Cancer Res 50: 4866-4871, 1990.
123. Weiner LM, Harvey E, Padavic-Shaller K, Willson JK, Walsh C, LaCreta F, Khazaeli MB, Kirkwood JM and Haller DG: Phase II multicenter evaluation of prolonged murine monoclonal antibody 17-1A therapy in pancreatic carcinoma. J Immunother 13: 110-116, 1993.
124. Ferrara N, Hillian KJ, Gerber HP and Novotny W: Discovery and development of bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF antibody for treating cancer. Nat Rev Drug Discov 3: 391-400, 2004.
125. Kim KJ, Li B, Winer J, Armanini M, Gillett N, Philipps HS and Ferrara N: Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis supresses tumor growth factor in vivo. Nature 362: 841-844, 1994.
126. Willett CG, Boucher Y, di Tomaso E, Duda DG, Munn LL, Tong RT, Chung DC, Sahani DV, Kalva SP, Kozin SV, Mino M, Cohen KS, Scadden DT, Hartford AC, Fischman AJ, Clark JW, Ryan DP, Zhu AX, Blaszkowsky LS, Chen HX, Shellito PC, Lauwers GY and Jain RK: Direct evidence that the VEGF-specific antibody bevacizumab has antivascular effects in human rectal cancer. Nat Med 10: 145-147, 2004.
127. Gordon MS, Margolin K, Talpaz M, Sledge jr GW, Holmgren E, Benjamin R, Stalter S, Shak S and Adelman DC: Phase I safety and pharmacokinetic study of recombinant human antivascular endothelial growth factor in patients with advanced cancer. J Clin Oncol 19: 843-850, 2001.
128. Hsei V, DeGuzman GG, Nixon A and Gaudreault J: Complexation of VEGF with bevacizumab decreases VEGF clearance in rats. Pharm Res 19: 1753-1756, 2002.
129. Margolin K, Gordon MS, Holmgren E, Gaudreault J, Novotny W, Fyfe G, Adelman D, Stalter S and Breed J: Phase Ib trial of intravenous recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor in combination with chemotherapy in patients with advanced cancer: pharmacologic and long term safety data. J Clin Oncol 19: 851-856, 2001.
130. Lu J, Gaudreault J, Novotny W, Lum B and Bruno R: A population pharmacokinetic model for bevacizumab. Clin Pharmacol Ther 75: P91 (abstract), 2004.
131. Gaudreault J, Bruno R, Kabbinavar F, Sing A, Johnson DH and Lu J: Clinical pharmacokinetics of bevacizumab (Avastin®) following every 2-or 3-week dosing. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 23: 205 (abstract), 2004.
132. Igarashi T, Kobayashi Y, Ogura M, Kinoshita T, Ohtsu T, Sasaki Y, Morishama Y, Murate T, Kasai M, Uike N, Taniwaki M, Kano Y, Ohnishi K, Matsuno Y, Nakamura S, Mori S, Ohashi Y and Tobinai K: Factors affecting toxicity, response and progression-free survival in relapsed patients with indolent B-cell lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma treated with rituximab: a Japanese phase II study. Ann Oncol 13: 928-943, 2002.
133. Davies TA, White CA, Grillo-Lopez AJ, Velasquez WS, Link B, Maloney DG, Dillman RO, Williams ME, Mohrbacher A, Weaver R, Dowden S and Levy R: Single-agent monoclonal antibody efficacy in bulky non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: results of a phase II trial of rituximab. J Clin Oncol 17: 1851-1857, 1999.
134. HER2/neu monoclonal antibody plus cisplatin in patients with HER2/neu-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer refractory to chemotherapy treatment. J Clin Oncol 16: 2659-2671, 1998.
135. Köstler WJ, Schwab B, Singer CF, Neumann R, Rücklinger E, Brodowicz T, Tomek S, Niedermayr M, Hejna M, Steger GC, Krainer M, Wiltschke C and Zielinski CC: Monitoring of serum Her-2/neu predicts response and progression-free survival to trastuzumab-based treatment in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 10: 1618-1624, 2004.
136. Albitar M, Do KA, Johnson MM, Giles FJ, Jilani I, O'Brien S, Cortes J, Thomas D, Rassenti LZ, Kipps TJ, Kantarjian HM and Keating M: Free circulating soluble CD52 as a tumor marker in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and its implication in therapy with anti-CD52 antibodies. Cancer 101: 999-1008, 2004.
137. Kumar S, Kimlinger TK, Lust JA, Donovan K and Witzig TE: Expression of CD52 on plasma cells in plasma cell proliferative disorders. Blood 102: 1075-1077, 2003.
138. Tobinai K, Igarashi T, Itoh K, Kobayashi Y, Taniwaki M, Ogura M, Kinoshita T, Hotta T, Aikawa K, Tsushita K, Hiraoka A, Matsuno Y, Nakamura S, Mori S and Ohashi Y: Japanese multicenter phase II and pharmacokinetic study of rituximab in relapsed or refractory patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma. Ann Oncol 15: 825-834, 2004.
139. Matsui H, Takeshita A, Naito K, Shinjo K, Shigeno K, Maekawa M, Yamakawa Y, Tanimoto M, Kobayashi M, Ohnishi K and Ohno R: Reduced effect of gemtuzumab ozogamicin (CMA-676) on P-glycoprotein and/or CD34-positive leukemia cells and its restoration with multidrug resistance modifiers. Leukemia 16: 813-819, 2002.
140. Washington CB, Lieberman G, Liu P, Fox JA and Bruno R: A population pharmacokinetic model for trastuzumab following weekly dosing. Clin Pharmacol Ther 71: P12 (abstract), 2002.
141. Lunardi G, Vannozzi MO, Bighin C, Del Mastro L, Stevani I, Schettini G and Venturini M: Influence of trastuzumab on epirubicin pharmacokinetics in metastatic breast cancer patients. Ann Oncol 14: 1222-1226, 2003.
142. Nieto Y, Vredenburgh JJ, Shpall EJ, Bearman SI, McSweeney PA, Chao N, Rizzieri D, Gasparetto C, Matthes S, Baron AE and Jones RB: Phase II feasibility and pharmacokinetic study of concurrent administration of trastuzumab and high-dose chemotherapy in advanced HER2+ breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 10: 7136-7143, 2004.
143. Zinner RG, Glisson BS, Fosella FV, Pisters KMW, Kies MC, Lee PM, Massarelli E, Sabloff B, Fritsche Jr. HA, Ro JY, Ordonez NG, Tran HT, Yang Y, Smith TL, Mass RD and Herbst RS: Trastuzumab in combination with cisplatin and gemcitabine in patients with Her2-overexpressing, untreated, advanced non-small cell lung cancer: report of a phase II trial and findings regarding optimal identification of patients with Her2-overexpressing disease. Lung Cancer 44: 99-110, 2004.
144. Folprecht G, Lutz MP, Schoeffski P, Seufferlein T, Haag C, Beutel G, Nolting A, Mueser M, Pollert P and Koehne CH: Pharmacokinetic evaluation of cetuximab in combination with weekly irinotecan (CPT-11) and 24-infusional 5-FU/folinic acid (FA) as first line treatment in patients (pts) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) positive metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22: 222 (abstract), 2003.
145. Kim ES, Mauer AM, Tran HT, Liu D, Gladish G, Dicke K, Needle MN, Vokes EE, Hong WK and Herbst RS: A phase II of cetuximab, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) blocking antibody, in combination with docetaxel in chemotherapy refractory/resistant patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: final report. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22: 642 (abstract), 2003.