메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 8, Issue 4, 2002, Pages 735-765

Range-finding study of risk factors for childhood asthma development and national asthma prevalence

Author keywords

Air pollution; Attributable proportion; Childhood asthma; Environmental causes

Indexed keywords

ASTIGMATA; BLATTARIA; NICOTIANA TABACUM; PYROGLYPHIDAE;

EID: 22344435883     PISSN: 10807039     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10807030290879925     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (5)

References (131)
  • 1
    • 0034615179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemic of asthma: Too much allergen or not enough infection
    • Abramson MJ and Walters EH. 2000. The epidemic of asthma: too much allergen or not enough infection. Med J Aust 172:119-21
    • (2000) Med J Aust , vol.172 , pp. 119-121
    • Abramson, M.J.1    Walters, E.H.2
  • 2
    • 0012355314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current estimates from the National Health Intel-view Survey, 1996
    • Adams PF, Hendershot GE, Marano MA. 1999. Current estimates from the National Health Intel-view Survey, 1996. Vital Health Stat 10:200
    • (1999) Vital Health Stat , vol.10 , pp. 200
    • Adams, P.F.1    Hendershot, G.E.2    Marano, M.A.3
  • 3
    • 0032740894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of parental smoking on asthma and wheezing
    • SIDRIA Collaborative Group. Studi Italiani sui Disturbi Respiratori nell'Infanzia e l'Ambiente
    • Agabiti N, Mallone S, Forastiere F, et al. 1999. The impact of parental smoking on asthma and wheezing. SIDRIA Collaborative Group. Studi Italiani sui Disturbi Respiratori nell'Infanzia e l'Ambiente. Epidemiology 10:692-8
    • (1999) Epidemiology , vol.10 , pp. 692-698
    • Agabiti, N.1    Mallone, S.2    Forastiere, F.3
  • 4
    • 0023922669 scopus 로고
    • Symptoms of bronchial hyperreactivty and asthma in relation to environmental factors
    • Andrae S, Axelson O, Bjorksten B, et al. 1988. Symptoms of bronchial hyperreactivty and asthma in relation to environmental factors. Arch Dis Child 63:473-8
    • (1988) Arch Dis Child , vol.63 , pp. 473-478
    • Andrae, S.1    Axelson, O.2    Bjorksten, B.3
  • 5
    • 0028336773 scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and asthma
    • Barnes PJ. 1994. Air pollution and asthma. Postgrad Med J 70:319-25
    • (1994) Postgrad Med J , vol.70 , pp. 319-325
    • Barnes, P.J.1
  • 6
    • 0030218044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental factors and respiratory hypersensitivity: The Americas
    • Bascom R. 1996. Environmental factors and respiratory hypersensitivity: the Americas. Toxicol Lett 86:115-30
    • (1996) Toxicol Lett , vol.86 , pp. 115-130
    • Bascom, R.1
  • 7
  • 8
    • 0002701034 scopus 로고
    • Ozone: A review of recent experimental, clinical and epidemiological evidence, with notes on causation
    • Bates DV. 1995b. Ozone: A review of recent experimental, clinical and epidemiological evidence, with notes on causation. Can Respir J 2:161-71
    • (1995) Can Respir J , vol.2 , pp. 161-171
    • Bates, D.V.1
  • 10
    • 0030218949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental chemicals relevant for respiratory hypersensitivity: The indoor environment
    • Becher R, Hongslo JK, Jantunen MJ, et al. 1996. Environmental chemicals relevant for respiratory hypersensitivity: the indoor environment. Toxicol Lett 86:155-62
    • (1996) Toxicol Lett , vol.86 , pp. 155-162
    • Becher, R.1    Hongslo, J.K.2    Jantunen, M.J.3
  • 11
    • 0031969704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Family size, childhood infections and atopic diseases
    • Bodner C, Godden D, Seaton A. 1998. Family size, childhood infections and atopic diseases. Thorax 53:28-32
    • (1998) Thorax , vol.53 , pp. 28-32
    • Bodner, C.1    Godden, D.2    Seaton, A.3
  • 12
    • 0348016861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory health and long-term exposure to air pollutants in Swiss schoolchildren
    • Braun-Fahrlander C, Vuille JC, Sennhauser FH, et al. 1997. Respiratory health and long-term exposure to air pollutants in Swiss schoolchildren. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 155:1042-9
    • (1997) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.155 , pp. 1042-1049
    • Braun-Fahrlander, C.1    Vuille, J.C.2    Sennhauser, F.H.3
  • 13
  • 16
    • 0026469663 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for asthma in inner city children
    • Call RS, Smith TF, Morris E, et al. 1992. Risk factors for asthma in inner city children. J Pediatr 12(6):866
    • (1992) J Pediatr , vol.12 , Issue.6 , pp. 866
    • Call, R.S.1    Smith, T.F.2    Morris, E.3
  • 17
    • 0344065387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of body mass index, weight change, and risk of adult-onset asthma in women
    • Camargo CA, Weiss ST, Zhang S, et al. 1999. Prospective study of body mass index, weight change, and risk of adult-onset asthma in women. Arch Intern Med 159:2582-8
    • (1999) Arch Intern Med , vol.159 , pp. 2582-2588
    • Camargo, C.A.1    Weiss, S.T.2    Zhang, S.3
  • 18
    • 0032992452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of radiologically ascertained pneumonia before age 3 yr with asthma-like symptoms and pulmonary function during childhood. A prospective study
    • 1999
    • Castro-Rodriguez JA, Holberg CJ, Wright AL, et al. 1999. Association of radiologically ascertained pneumonia before age 3 yr with asthma-like symptoms and pulmonary function during childhood. A prospective study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999 159:1891-7
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.159 , pp. 1891-1897
    • Castro-Rodriguez, J.A.1    Holberg, C.J.2    Wright, A.L.3
  • 19
    • 0033086909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birth outcome, the social environment and child health
    • Chen J and Millar WJ. 1999. Birth outcome, the social environment and child health. Health Rep 10:57-67
    • (1999) Health Rep , vol.10 , pp. 57-67
    • Chen, J.1    Millar, W.J.2
  • 20
    • 0031297141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health effects of passive smoking. 3. Parental smoking and prevalence of respiratory symptoms and asthma in school age children
    • Cook DG and Strachan DP. 1997. Health effects of passive smoking. 3. parental smoking and prevalence of respiratory symptoms and asthma in school age children. Thorax 52:1081-94
    • (1997) Thorax , vol.52 , pp. 1081-1094
    • Cook, D.G.1    Strachan, D.P.2
  • 21
    • 0031753198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Searching for the cause of the increase in asthma
    • Crater SE and Platts-Mills TAE. 1998. Searching for the cause of the increase in asthma. Curr Opin Pediatr 10:594-9
    • (1998) Curr Opin Pediatr , vol.10 , pp. 594-599
    • Crater, S.E.1    Platts-Mills, T.A.E.2
  • 22
    • 0032456572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of indoor allergens in the induction of allergy and elicitation of allergic disease
    • Custovic A, Simpson A, Woolcock A. 1998. Importance of indoor allergens in the induction of allergy and elicitation of allergic disease. Allergy 53:115-30
    • (1998) Allergy , vol.53 , pp. 115-130
    • Custovic, A.1    Simpson, A.2    Woolcock, A.3
  • 23
    • 0025835379 scopus 로고
    • Respiratory health effects of home dampness and molds among Canadian children
    • Dales RE, Zwanenburg H, Burnett R, et al. 1991. Respiratory health effects of home dampness and molds among Canadian children. Am J Epidemiol 134:196-203
    • (1991) Am J Epidemiol , vol.134 , pp. 196-203
    • Dales, R.E.1    Zwanenburg, H.2    Burnett, R.3
  • 24
    • 0026069840 scopus 로고
    • Childhood asthma and the indoor environment
    • Dekker C, Dales R, Bartlett S, et al. 1991. Childhood asthma and the indoor environment. Chest 100:922-6
    • (1991) Chest , vol.100 , pp. 922-926
    • Dekker, C.1    Dales, R.2    Bartlett, S.3
  • 26
    • 0026060201 scopus 로고
    • Exposure of humans to ambient levels of ozone for 6.6 hours causes cellular and biochemical changes in the lung
    • Devlin RB, McDonnell WF, Mann R, et al. 1991. Exposure of humans to ambient levels of ozone for 6.6 hours causes cellular and biochemical changes in the lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 4:72-81
    • (1991) Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol , vol.4 , pp. 72-81
    • Devlin, R.B.1    McDonnell, W.F.2    Mann, R.3
  • 28
    • 0024505597 scopus 로고
    • Effects of inhalable particles on respiratory health of children
    • Dockery DW, Speizer FE, Stram DO, et al. 1989. Effects of inhalable particles on respiratory health of children. Am Rev Respir Dis 139:587-94
    • (1989) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.139 , pp. 587-594
    • Dockery, D.W.1    Speizer, F.E.2    Stram, D.O.3
  • 29
    • 0034030390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What determines asthma phenotype? Respiratory infections and asthma
    • Douglass JA and O'Hehir RE. 2000. What determines asthma phenotype? Respiratory infections and asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 161:8211-4
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.161 , pp. 8211-8214
    • Douglass, J.A.1    O'Hehir, R.E.2
  • 30
    • 0033220065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The link between allergy and asthma
    • DuBuske LM. 1999. The link between allergy and asthma. Allergy Asthma Proc 1999:341-5
    • (1999) Allergy Asthma Proc , vol.1999 , pp. 341-345
    • DuBuske, L.M.1
  • 31
    • 0025598333 scopus 로고
    • Genetics of asthma and hay fever in Australian twins
    • Duffy DL, Martin NG, Battistutta D, et al. 1990. Genetics of asthma and hay fever in Australian twins. Am Rev Respir Dis 142:1351-8
    • (1990) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.142 , pp. 1351-1358
    • Duffy, D.L.1    Martin, N.G.2    Battistutta, D.3
  • 33
    • 0034110846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative scarcity of asthma and atopy among rural adolescents raised on a farm
    • Ernst P and Cormier Y. 2000. Relative scarcity of asthma and atopy among rural adolescents raised on a farm. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 161:1563-6
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.161 , pp. 1563-1566
    • Ernst, P.1    Cormier, Y.2
  • 34
    • 0032600823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of cigarette smoke in the pathogenesis of asthma and as a trigger for acute symptoms
    • Floreani AA and Rennard SI. 1999. The role of cigarette smoke in the pathogenesis of asthma and as a trigger for acute symptoms. Curr Opin Pulm Med 5:38-46
    • (1999) Curr Opin Pulm Med , vol.5 , pp. 38-46
    • Floreani, A.A.1    Rennard, S.I.2
  • 36
    • 0027094290 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between low birth weight and respiratory symptoms in a cohort of primary school children
    • Frischer T, Kuehr J, Meinert R, et al. 1992. Relationship between low birth weight and respiratory symptoms in a cohort of primary school children. Acta Paediatr 81:1040-1
    • (1992) Acta Paediatr , vol.81 , pp. 1040-1041
    • Frischer, T.1    Kuehr, J.2    Meinert, R.3
  • 37
    • 0027467370 scopus 로고
    • Sensitization and exposure to indoor allergens as risk factors for asthma among patients presenting to hospital
    • Gelber LE, Seltzer LH, Bouzoukis JK, et al. 1993. Sensitization and exposure to indoor allergens as risk factors for asthma among patients presenting to hospital. Am Rev Respir Dis 147:573-8
    • (1993) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.147 , pp. 573-578
    • Gelber, L.E.1    Seltzer, L.H.2    Bouzoukis, J.K.3
  • 38
    • 0023543405 scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of allergic skin test reactivity to eight common aeroallergens in the U.S. population: Results from the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    • Gergen PJ, Turkeltaub PC, Kovar MG. 1987. The prevalence of allergic skin test reactivity to eight common aeroallergens in the U.S. population: results from the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Allergy Clin Immunol 80:669-79
    • (1987) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.80 , pp. 669-679
    • Gergen, P.J.1    Turkeltaub, P.C.2    Kovar, M.G.3
  • 40
    • 0033983004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viral and bacterial infections in the development and progress of asthma
    • Gern JE. 2000. Viral and bacterial infections in the development and progress of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 105:8497-8502
    • (2000) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.105 , pp. 8497-8502
    • Gern, J.E.1
  • 41
    • 0032792051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of repeated wheeze in the first year of life. The relative roles of cockroach, birth weight, acute lower respiratory illness, and maternal smoking
    • Gold DR, Burge HA, Carey V, et al. 1999. Predictors of repeated wheeze in the first year of life. The relative roles of cockroach, birth weight, acute lower respiratory illness, and maternal smoking. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 160:227-36
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.160 , pp. 227-236
    • Gold, D.R.1    Burge, H.A.2    Carey, V.3
  • 42
    • 0032748344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asthma, oxidant stress, and diet
    • Greene LS. 1999. Asthma, oxidant stress, and diet. Nutrition 15:899-907
    • (1999) Nutrition , vol.15 , pp. 899-907
    • Greene, L.S.1
  • 43
    • 0031927512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of preterm birth on pulmonary function at school age: A prospective controlled study
    • Gross SJ, Iannuzzi DM, Kveselis DA, et al. 1998. Effect of preterm birth on pulmonary function at school age: a prospective controlled study. J Pediatr 133:188-92
    • (1998) J Pediatr , vol.133 , pp. 188-192
    • Gross, S.J.1    Iannuzzi, D.M.2    Kveselis, D.A.3
  • 44
    • 0033404041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate, traffic-related air pollutants, and asthma prevalence in middle-school children in Taiwan
    • Guo YL, Lin YC, Sung FC, et al. 1999. Climate, traffic-related air pollutants, and asthma prevalence in middle-school children in Taiwan. Environ Health Perspect 107:1001-6
    • (1999) Environ Health Perspect , vol.107 , pp. 1001-1006
    • Guo, Y.L.1    Lin, Y.C.2    Sung, F.C.3
  • 45
    • 0030895694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternaria as a major allergen for asthma in children raised in a desert environment
    • Halonen M, Stern DA, Wright AL, et al. 1997. Alternaria as a major allergen for asthma in children raised in a desert environment. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 155:1356-61
    • (1997) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.155 , pp. 1356-1361
    • Halonen, M.1    Stern, D.A.2    Wright, A.L.3
  • 46
    • 0034013439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure and allergic sensitization to cockroach allergen in East Germany
    • Hirsch T, Stappenbeck C, Neumeister V, et al. 2000. Exposure and allergic sensitization to cockroach allergen in East Germany. Clin Exp Allergy 30:529-37
    • (2000) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.30 , pp. 529-537
    • Hirsch, T.1    Stappenbeck, C.2    Neumeister, V.3
  • 47
    • 0032696006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Childhood viral infection and the pathogenesis of asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease
    • Hogg JC. 1999. Childhood viral infection and the pathogenesis of asthma and chronic obstructive lung disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 160:826-8
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.160 , pp. 826-828
    • Hogg, J.C.1
  • 48
    • 0033604657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of allergy in the development of asthma
    • Holt PG, Macaubus C, Stumbles PA, et al. 1999. The role of allergy in the development of asthma. Nature 402:B12-7
    • (1999) Nature , vol.402
    • Holt, P.G.1    Macaubus, C.2    Stumbles, P.A.3
  • 49
    • 0018689985 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ozone on bronchial reactivity in atopic and nonatopic subjects
    • Holtzman MJ, Cunningham JH, Sheller JR, et al. 1990. Effect of ozone on bronchial reactivity in atopic and nonatopic subjects. Am Rev Respir Dis 120:1059-67
    • (1990) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.120 , pp. 1059-1067
    • Holtzman, M.J.1    Cunningham, J.H.2    Sheller, J.R.3
  • 50
    • 0025008079 scopus 로고
    • Ozone concentrations and pulmonary response relationships for 6.6 hours exposures with five hours of moderate exercise to 0.08, 0.10 and 0.12 ppm
    • Horstman DH, Folinsbee LJ, Ives PJ, et al. 1990. Ozone concentrations and pulmonary response relationships for 6.6 hours exposures with five hours of moderate exercise to 0.08, 0.10 and 0.12 ppm. Am Rev Respir Dis 142:1158-63
    • (1990) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.142 , pp. 1158-1163
    • Horstman, D.H.1    Folinsbee, L.J.2    Ives, P.J.3
  • 51
    • 0033007232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between body mass index and allergy in teenage girls in Taiwan
    • Huang SL, Shiao GM, Chou P. 1999. Association between body mass index and allergy in teenage girls in Taiwan. Clinical and Experimental Allergy 29:323-9
    • (1999) Clinical and Experimental Allergy , vol.29 , pp. 323-329
    • Huang, S.L.1    Shiao, G.M.2    Chou, P.3
  • 52
    • 0027253531 scopus 로고
    • Childhood asthma and indoor environmental risk factors
    • Infante-Rivard C. 1993. Childhood asthma and indoor environmental risk factors. Am J Epidemiol 137:834-44
    • (1993) Am J Epidemiol , vol.137 , pp. 834-844
    • Infante-Rivard, C.1
  • 54
    • 0042093002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Academy Press, Washington, DC
    • Institute of Medicine (2000). Clearing the air. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
    • (2000) Clearing the Air
  • 55
    • 0034075032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoking and pediatric respiratory health
    • Joad JP. 2000. Smoking and pediatric respiratory health. Clin Chest Med 21:37-46
    • (2000) Clin Chest Med , vol.21 , pp. 37-46
    • Joad, J.P.1
  • 56
    • 0029035236 scopus 로고
    • Maternal asthma, premature birth, and the risk of respiratory morbidity in schoolchildren in Merseyside
    • Kelly YJ, Brabin BJ, Milligan P, et al. 1995. Maternal asthma, premature birth, and the risk of respiratory morbidity in schoolchildren in Merseyside. Thorax 50:525-30
    • (1995) Thorax , vol.50 , pp. 525-530
    • Kelly, Y.J.1    Brabin, B.J.2    Milligan, P.3
  • 57
    • 0030830022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is infant immunization a risk factor for childhood asthma or allergy?
    • Kemp T, Pearce N, Fitzharris P, et al. 1997. Is infant immunization a risk factor for childhood asthma or allergy? Epidemiology 8:678-80
    • (1997) Epidemiology , vol.8 , pp. 678-680
    • Kemp, T.1    Pearce, N.2    Fitzharris, P.3
  • 58
    • 0032701887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lung function outcome in children of premature birth
    • Kennedy JD. 1999. Lung function outcome in children of premature birth. J Paediatr Child Health 35:516-21
    • (1999) J Paediatr Child Health , vol.35 , pp. 516-521
    • Kennedy, J.D.1
  • 59
    • 0033963118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Farm environment in childhood prevents the development of allergies
    • Kipelainen M, Terho EO, Helenius H, et al. 2000. Farm environment in childhood prevents the development of allergies. Clin Exp Allergy 30:201-8
    • (2000) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.30 , pp. 201-208
    • Kipelainen, M.1    Terho, E.O.2    Helenius, H.3
  • 60
    • 0033502367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution and asthma
    • Koenig JQ. 1999. Air pollution and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 104:717-722
    • (1999) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.104 , pp. 717-722
    • Koenig, J.Q.1
  • 61
    • 0032456812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • House-dust mites and asthma. A review on house-dust mites as domestic risk factor for mite asthma
    • Korsgaard J. 1998. House-dust mites and asthma. A review on house-dust mites as domestic risk factor for mite asthma. Allergy 53:77-83
    • (1998) Allergy , vol.53 , pp. 77-83
    • Korsgaard, J.1
  • 62
    • 0028912009 scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of risk factors for early and persistent wheezing in childhood
    • Lewis S, Richards D, Bynner J, et al. 1995. Prospective study of risk factors for early and persistent wheezing in childhood. Eur Respir J 8:349-56
    • (1995) Eur Respir J , vol.8 , pp. 349-356
    • Lewis, S.1    Richards, D.2    Bynner, J.3
  • 63
    • 0033954834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Animals and allergy
    • Lewis SA. 2000. Animals and allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 30:153-7
    • (2000) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.30 , pp. 153-157
    • Lewis, S.A.1
  • 64
    • 0033509394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of interaction of environmental risk factors and sensitization in young asthmatic children
    • Lindfors A, van Hag-Hamsten M, Rietz H, et al. 1999. Influence of interaction of environmental risk factors and sensitization in young asthmatic children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 104:755-62
    • (1999) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.104 , pp. 755-762
    • Lindfors, A.1    Van Hag-Hamsten, M.2    Rietz, H.3
  • 65
    • 22344449456 scopus 로고
    • The Region (quarterly newsletter), Federal Research Bank of Minneapolis, Minneapolis, MN, USA
    • Lindsey LB. 1995. The future of rural America. The Region (quarterly newsletter), Federal Research Bank of Minneapolis, Minneapolis, MN, USA
    • (1995) The Future of Rural America
    • Lindsey, L.B.1
  • 66
    • 0032600479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune dysregulation as a cause for allergic asthma
    • Lipscomb MF and Wilder JA. 1999. Immune dysregulation as a cause for allergic asthma. Curr Opin Pulm Med 5:1-10
    • (1999) Curr Opin Pulm Med , vol.5 , pp. 1-10
    • Lipscomb, M.F.1    Wilder, J.A.2
  • 67
    • 0032701187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent developments in the pathogenesis and epidemio-logical trends of asthma
    • Lordan JL and Holgate ST. 1999. Recent developments in the pathogenesis and epidemio-logical trends of asthma. J R Coll Physicians Lond 33:418-25
    • (1999) J R Coll Physicians Lond , vol.33 , pp. 418-425
    • Lordan, J.L.1    Holgate, S.T.2
  • 68
    • 0028825135 scopus 로고
    • Environmental risk factors of childhood asthma in urban centers
    • Malveaux FJ and Fletcher-Vincent SA. 1995. Environmental risk factors of childhood asthma in urban centers. Environ Health Perspect 103 (suppl 6):59-62
    • (1995) Environ Health Perspect , vol.103 , Issue.6 SUPPL. , pp. 59-62
    • Malveaux, F.J.1    Fletcher-Vincent, S.A.2
  • 69
    • 0032865289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of microbial burden in aetiolgoy of allergy and asthma
    • Martinez FD and Holt PG. 1999. Role of microbial burden in aetiolgoy of allergy and asthma. Lancet 354:81112-15
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 81112-81115
    • Martinez, F.D.1    Holt, P.G.2
  • 70
    • 0021152588 scopus 로고
    • Bronchiolitis as a possible cause of wheezing in childhood: New evidence
    • McConnochie KM and Roghmann KJ. 1984. Bronchiolitis as a possible cause of wheezing in childhood: new evidence. Pediatrics 74:1-10
    • (1984) Pediatrics , vol.74 , pp. 1-10
    • McConnochie, K.M.1    Roghmann, K.J.2
  • 71
    • 0033003542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term ambient ozone concentration and the incidence of asthma in nonsmoking adults: The AHSMOG Study
    • McDonnell WT, Abbey DE, Nishino N, et al. 1999. Long-term ambient ozone concentration and the incidence of asthma in nonsmoking adults: the AHSMOG Study. Environmental Research Section A 80:110-21
    • (1999) Environmental Research Section A , vol.80 , pp. 110-121
    • McDonnell, W.T.1    Abbey, D.E.2    Nishino, N.3
  • 72
    • 0031307642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of skin reactions to aeroallergens in asthmatics of Puerto Rico
    • Montealegre F, Quinones C, Michelen V, et al. 1997. Prevalence of skin reactions to aeroallergens in asthmatics of Puerto Rico. RR Health Sci J 16:359-67
    • (1997) RR Health Sci J , vol.16 , pp. 359-367
    • Montealegre, F.1    Quinones, C.2    Michelen, V.3
  • 73
    • 0026540675 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for developing wheezing and asthma in childhood
    • Morgan WJ and Martinez FD. 1992. Risk factors for developing wheezing and asthma in childhood. Pediatr Clin North Am 39:1185-203
    • (1992) Pediatr Clin North Am , vol.39 , pp. 1185-1203
    • Morgan, W.J.1    Martinez, F.D.2
  • 74
    • 22344455760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyattsville, MD, USA
    • NCHS (National Center for Health Statistics). 2000a. Health People 2000. Hyattsville, MD, USA
    • (2000) Health People 2000
  • 75
    • 22344451241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyattsville, MD, USA
    • NCHS (National Center for Health Statistics). 2000b. 2000 with adolescent health chartbook. Hyattsville, MD, USA
    • (2000) 2000 with Adolescent Health Chartbook
  • 76
    • 0031889625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Residential dampness problems and symptoms and signs of bronchial obstruction in young Norwegian children
    • Nafstad P, Oie L, Mehl R, et al. 1998. Residential dampness problems and symptoms and signs of bronchial obstruction in young Norwegian children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 157:410-4
    • (1998) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.157 , pp. 410-414
    • Nafstad, P.1    Oie, L.2    Mehl, R.3
  • 77
    • 0034044873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of allergens in the development of asthma and the persistence of symptoms
    • Nelson HS. 2000. The importance of allergens in the development of asthma and the persistence of symptoms. J Allergy Clin Immunol 105:8628-832
    • (2000) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.105 , pp. 8628-8832
    • Nelson, H.S.1
  • 78
    • 0025780769 scopus 로고
    • A population-based study of bronchial asthma in adult twin pairs
    • Nieminen MM, Kaprio J, Koskenvou M. 1991. A population-based study of bronchial asthma in adult twin pairs. Chest 100:70-5
    • (1991) Chest , vol.100 , pp. 70-75
    • Nieminen, M.M.1    Kaprio, J.2    Koskenvou, M.3
  • 79
    • 0032745436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Day care attendance, recurrent respiratory tract infections and asthma
    • Nystad W, Skrondal A, Magnus P. 1999. Day care attendance, recurrent respiratory tract infections and asthma. Int J Epidemiol 28:882-7
    • (1999) Int J Epidemiol , vol.28 , pp. 882-887
    • Nystad, W.1    Skrondal, A.2    Magnus, P.3
  • 80
    • 0033604104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between breast feeding and asthma in 6 year old children: Findings of a prospective birth control study
    • Oddy WH, Holt PG, Sly PD, et al. 1999. Association between breast feeding and asthma in 6 year old children: findings of a prospective birth control study. BMJ 319:815-9
    • (1999) BMJ , vol.319 , pp. 815-819
    • Oddy, W.H.1    Holt, P.G.2    Sly, P.D.3
  • 81
    • 0032743838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infections prevent the development of asthma - True, false or both
    • Openshaw PJ and Walzl G. 1999. Infections prevent the development of asthma - true, false or both. J R Soc Med 92:495-9
    • (1999) J R Soc Med , vol.92 , pp. 495-499
    • Openshaw, P.J.1    Walzl, G.2
  • 83
    • 0031831396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Airborne house dust particles and diesel exhaust particles as allergen carriers
    • Ormstad H, Johansen BV, Gaarder PI. 1998. Airborne house dust particles and diesel exhaust particles as allergen carriers. Clinical and Experimental Allergy 28:702-8
    • (1998) Clinical and Experimental Allergy , vol.28 , pp. 702-708
    • Ormstad, H.1    Johansen, B.V.2    Gaarder, P.I.3
  • 84
    • 0033060552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How much asthma is really attributable to atopy
    • Pearce N, Pekkanen J, Beasley R. 1999. How much asthma is really attributable to atopy. Thorax 54:268-72
    • (1999) Thorax , vol.54 , pp. 268-272
    • Pearce, N.1    Pekkanen, J.2    Beasley, R.3
  • 85
    • 0027364114 scopus 로고
    • Importance of house dust mite and alternaria allergens in childhood asthma: An epidemiological study in two climatic regions of Australia
    • Peat JK, Tovey E, Mellis CM, et al. 1993. Importance of house dust mite and alternaria allergens in childhood asthma: an epidemiological study in two climatic regions of Australia. Clin Exp Allergy 23:812-20
    • (1993) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.23 , pp. 812-820
    • Peat, J.K.1    Tovey, E.2    Mellis, C.M.3
  • 86
    • 0030047113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • House dust mite allergens. A major risk factor for childhood asthma in Australia
    • Peat JK, Tovey E, Toelle BG, et al. 1996. House dust mite allergens. A major risk factor for childhood asthma in Australia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 153:141-6
    • (1996) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.153 , pp. 141-146
    • Peat, J.K.1    Tovey, E.2    Toelle, B.G.3
  • 87
    • 0033059557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of twelve Southern California communities with differing levels and types of air pollution
    • Peters JM, Avol E, Navidi W., et al. 1999. A study of twelve Southern California communities with differing levels and types of air pollution. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159:760-7
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.159 , pp. 760-767
    • Peters, J.M.1    Avol, E.2    Navidi, W.3
  • 88
    • 0030443305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global increases in allergic respiratory disease: The possible role of diesel exhaust particles
    • Peterson B and Saxon A. 1996. Global increases in allergic respiratory disease: the possible role of diesel exhaust particles. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 77:263-268.
    • (1996) Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol , vol.77 , pp. 263-268
    • Peterson, B.1    Saxon, A.2
  • 89
    • 0033376992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Industry, air quality, cigarette smoke and rates of respiratory illness in Port Adelaide
    • Pilotto LS, Smith BJ, Nitschke M, et al. 1999. Industry, air quality, cigarette smoke and rates of respiratory illness in Port Adelaide. Aust N Z J Public Health 23:657-60
    • (1999) Aust N Z J Public Health , vol.23 , pp. 657-660
    • Pilotto, L.S.1    Smith, B.J.2    Nitschke, M.3
  • 93
    • 0032726184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Particulate air pollution from motor vehicles: A putative proallergic hazard
    • Polosa R and Salvi S. 1999. Particulate air pollution from motor vehicles: a putative proallergic hazard. Can Respir J 6:436-44
    • (1999) Can Respir J , vol.6 , pp. 436-444
    • Polosa, R.1    Salvi, S.2
  • 94
    • 0034017160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perinatal risk factors for asthma in Finnish adolescent twins
    • Rasanen M, Kaprio J, Laitinen T, et al. 2000. Perinatal risk factors for asthma in Finnish adolescent twins. Thorax 55:25-31
    • (2000) Thorax , vol.55 , pp. 25-31
    • Rasanen, M.1    Kaprio, J.2    Laitinen, T.3
  • 95
    • 0033962806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Austrian children living on a farm have less hay fever, asthma allergic sensitization
    • Riedler J, Eder W, Oberfeld G, et al. 2000. Austrian children living on a farm have less hay fever, asthma allergic sensitization. Clin Exp Allergy 30:194-200
    • (2000) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.30 , pp. 194-200
    • Riedler, J.1    Eder, W.2    Oberfeld, G.3
  • 96
    • 0031639661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use and misuse of population attributable fractions
    • Rockhill B, Newman B, Weinberg C. 1998. Use and misuse of population attributable fractions. Am J Pub Hlth 88:15-8
    • (1998) Am J Pub Hlth , vol.88 , pp. 15-18
    • Rockhill, B.1    Newman, B.2    Weinberg, C.3
  • 97
    • 0032828775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different pattern of risk factors for atopic and nonatopic asthma among children - Report from the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden Study
    • Ronmark E, Jonsson E, Platts-Mills TAE, et al. 1999. Different pattern of risk factors for atopic and nonatopic asthma among children - report from the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden Study. Allergy 54:926-35
    • (1999) Allergy , vol.54 , pp. 926-935
    • Ronmark, E.1    Jonsson, E.2    Platts-Mills, T.A.E.3
  • 98
    • 0031003334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of cockroach allergy and exposure to cockroach allergen in causing morbidity among inner-city children with asthma
    • Rosenstreich DL, Eggleston P, Kattan M, et al. 1997. The role of cockroach allergy and exposure to cockroach allergen in causing morbidity among inner-city children with asthma. N Engl J Med 336:1356-63
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.336 , pp. 1356-1363
    • Rosenstreich, D.L.1    Eggleston, P.2    Kattan, M.3
  • 99
    • 0024328683 scopus 로고
    • The relative risks of sensitivity to grass pollen, house dust mite and cat dander in the development of childhood asthma
    • Sears MR, Herbison GP, Holdaway MD, et al. 1989. The relative risks of sensitivity to grass pollen, house dust mite and cat dander in the development of childhood asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 19:419-24
    • (1989) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.19 , pp. 419-424
    • Sears, M.R.1    Herbison, G.P.2    Holdaway, M.D.3
  • 100
    • 0025763770 scopus 로고
    • Is low birth weight a risk factor for asthma during adolescence
    • Seidman DS, Laor A, Gale R, et al. 1991. Is low birth weight a risk factor for asthma during adolescence. Arch Dis Child 66:584-7
    • (1991) Arch Dis Child , vol.66 , pp. 584-587
    • Seidman, D.S.1    Laor, A.2    Gale, R.3
  • 101
    • 0032898751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birth weight, body mass index and asthma in young adults
    • Shaheen SO, Sterne JAC, Montgomery SM, et al. 1999. Birth weight, body mass index and asthma in young adults. Thorax 54:396-402
    • (1999) Thorax , vol.54 , pp. 396-402
    • Shaheen, S.O.1    Sterne, J.A.C.2    Montgomery, S.M.3
  • 103
    • 0033065713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and environmental influence on asthma: A population-based study of 11,688 Danish twin pairs
    • Skadhauge LR, Christensen K, Kyvik KO, et al. 1999. Genetic and environmental influence on asthma: a population-based study of 11,688 Danish twin pairs. Eur Respir J 13:8-14
    • (1999) Eur Respir J , vol.13 , pp. 8-14
    • Skadhauge, L.R.1    Christensen, K.2    Kyvik, K.O.3
  • 104
    • 0032113215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of asthma: A printer
    • Slutsky AS. 1998. Genetics of asthma: a printer. Can Respir JA:4A-8A
    • (1998) Can Respir , vol.JA
    • Slutsky, A.S.1
  • 105
    • 0023890826 scopus 로고
    • Passive smoking and respiratory conditions in primary school children
    • Somerville SM, Rona RJ, Chinn S. 1988. Passive smoking and respiratory conditions in primary school children. J Epidemiol Commun 42:105-10
    • (1988) J Epidemiol Commun , vol.42 , pp. 105-110
    • Somerville, S.M.1    Rona, R.J.2    Chinn, S.3
  • 106
    • 0025004551 scopus 로고
    • Exposure to house-dust mite allergen (Der p I) and the development of asthma in childhood. A prospective study
    • Sporik R, Holgate ST, Platts-Mills TAE, et al. 1990. Exposure to house-dust mite allergen (Der p I) and the development of asthma in childhood. A prospective study. N Engl J Med 323:502-7
    • (1990) N Engl J Med , vol.323 , pp. 502-507
    • Sporik, R.1    Holgate, S.T.2    Platts-Mills, T.A.E.3
  • 107
    • 0031436130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitization to dust mites as a dominant risk factor for asthma among adolescents living in central Virginia. Multiple regression analysis of a population-based study
    • Squillace SP, Sporik RB, Rakes G, et al. 1997. Sensitization to dust mites as a dominant risk factor for asthma among adolescents living in central Virginia. Multiple regression analysis of a population-based study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 156:1760-4
    • (1997) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.156 , pp. 1760-1764
    • Squillace, S.P.1    Sporik, R.B.2    Rakes, G.3
  • 108
    • 0033396634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The message from the world asthma meeting
    • Sterk PJ, Buist SA, Woolcock AJ, et al. 1999. The message from the world asthma meeting. Eur Respir J 14:1435-53
    • (1999) Eur Respir J , vol.14 , pp. 1435-1453
    • Sterk, P.J.1    Buist, S.A.2    Woolcock, A.J.3
  • 109
    • 0034241683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Family size, infection and atopy: The first decade of the "hygiene hypothesis"
    • Strachan DP. 2000. Family size, infection and atopy: the first decade of the "hygiene hypothesis". Thorax 55:82-10
    • (2000) Thorax , vol.55 , pp. 82-110
    • Strachan, D.P.1
  • 112
    • 0033974824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced risk of hay fever and asthma among children of farmers
    • von Ehrenstein OS, von Mutius E, Illi S, et al. 2000. Reduced risk of hay fever and asthma among children of farmers. Clin Exp Allergy 30:187-93
    • (2000) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.30 , pp. 187-193
    • Von Ehrenstein, O.S.1    Von Mutius, E.2    Illi, S.3
  • 113
    • 0030025606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression of allergy and asthma through childhood to adolescence
    • von Mutius E. 1996. Progression of allergy and asthma through childhood to adolescence. Thorax 51:S3-S-6
    • (1996) Thorax , vol.51
    • Mutius, E.1
  • 114
    • 0027282310 scopus 로고
    • Prematurity as a risk factor for asthma in preadolescent children
    • von Mutius E, Nicolai T, Martinez FD, 1993. Prematurity as a risk factor for asthma in preadolescent children. J Pediatr 123:223-9
    • (1993) J Pediatr , vol.123 , pp. 223-229
    • Von Mutius, E.1    Nicolai, T.2    Martinez, F.D.3
  • 115
    • 0028047804 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of asthma and atopy in two areas of West and East Germany
    • von Mutius E, Martinez FD, Fritzsch C, et al. 1994. Prevalence of asthma and atopy in two areas of West and East Germany. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 149:358-64
    • (1994) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.149 , pp. 358-364
    • Von Mutius, E.1    Martinez, F.D.2    Fritzsch, C.3
  • 116
    • 0032875339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency of infections and risk of asthma, atopy and airway hyperresponsiveness in children
    • von Mutius E, Illi S, Hirsch T, et al. 1999. Frequency of infections and risk of asthma, atopy and airway hyperresponsiveness in children. Eur Respir J 14:4-11
    • (1999) Eur Respir J , vol.14 , pp. 4-11
    • Von Mutius, E.1    Illi, S.2    Hirsch, T.3
  • 117
    • 0033966647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The environmental predictors of allergic disease
    • von Mutius E. 2000a. The environmental predictors of allergic disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 105:9-19
    • (2000) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.105 , pp. 9-19
    • Von Mutius, E.1
  • 119
    • 0032835820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between indoor and outdoor air pollution and adolescent asthma from 1995 to 1996 in Taiwan
    • Wang TN, Ko YC, Chao W, et al. 1999. Association between indoor and outdoor air pollution and adolescent asthma from 1995 to 1996 in Taiwan. Environ Res 8:239-47
    • (1999) Environ Res , vol.8 , pp. 239-247
    • Wang, T.N.1    Ko, Y.C.2    Chao, W.3
  • 120
    • 0033976723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urbanization and childhood asthma: An African perspective
    • Weinberg EE. 2000. Urbanization and childhood asthma: an African perspective. J Allergy Clin Immunol 105:224-31
    • (2000) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.105 , pp. 224-231
    • Weinberg, E.E.1
  • 121
    • 0027217431 scopus 로고
    • Breathing better or wheezing worse? The changing epidemiology of asthma morbidity and mortality
    • Weiss KB, Gergen PJ, Wagener DK. 1993. Breathing better or wheezing worse? The changing epidemiology of asthma morbidity and mortality. Ann Rev Publ Health 14:491-513
    • (1993) Ann Rev Publ Health , vol.14 , pp. 491-513
    • Weiss, K.B.1    Gergen, P.J.2    Wagener, D.K.3
  • 122
    • 0028363313 scopus 로고
    • The origins of childhood asthma
    • Weiss ST. 1994. The origins of childhood asthma. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 40:154-8
    • (1994) Monaldi Arch Chest Dis , vol.40 , pp. 154-158
    • Weiss, S.T.1
  • 123
    • 0031733767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental risk factors in childhood asthma
    • Weiss ST. 1998. Environmental risk factors in childhood asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 28:29-34
    • (1998) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.28 , pp. 29-34
    • Weiss, S.T.1
  • 124
    • 0025155207 scopus 로고
    • Racial, social, and environmental risks for childhood asthma
    • Weitzman M, Gortmaker S, Sobol A. 1990. Racial, social, and environmental risks for childhood asthma. Am J Dis Child 144:1189-94
    • (1990) Am J Dis Child , vol.144 , pp. 1189-1194
    • Weitzman, M.1    Gortmaker, S.2    Sobol, A.3
  • 125
    • 0032699877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indoor environment, atopy and the risk of asthma in children in New Zealand
    • Wickens KL, Pearch N, Siebers R, et al. 1999a. Indoor environment, atopy and the risk of asthma in children in New Zealand. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 10:199-208
    • (1999) Pediatr Allergy Immunol , vol.10 , pp. 199-208
    • Wickens, K.L.1    Pearch, N.2    Siebers, R.3
  • 126
    • 0032719543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Family size, infections, and asthma prevalence in New Zealand children
    • Wickens KL, Crane J, Kemp T, et al. 1999b. Family size, infections, and asthma prevalence in New Zealand children. Epidemiology 10:699-705
    • (1999) Epidemiology , vol.10 , pp. 699-705
    • Wickens, K.L.1    Crane, J.2    Kemp, T.3
  • 127
    • 0032848050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The magnitude of the effect of smaller family sizes on the increase in the prevalence of asthma and hay fever in the United Kingdom and New Zealand
    • Wickens K, Crane J, Pearce N, et al. 1999e. The magnitude of the effect of smaller family sizes on the increase in the prevalence of asthma and hay fever in the United Kingdom and New Zealand. J Allergy Clin Immunol 104:554-8
    • (1999) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.104 , pp. 554-558
    • Wickens, K.1    Crane, J.2    Pearce, N.3
  • 128
    • 0033596068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association of asthma and obesity: Is it real or a matter of definition, Presbyterian minister's salaries, and earlobe creases
    • Wilson MM and Irwin RS. 1999. The association of asthma and obesity: is it real or a matter of definition, Presbyterian minister's salaries, and earlobe creases. Arch Intern Med 159:2513-4
    • (1999) Arch Intern Med , vol.159 , pp. 2513-2514
    • Wilson, M.M.1    Irwin, R.S.2
  • 129
    • 0031863905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary function in children with initial low birth weight
    • Wjst M, Popescu M, Trepka MJ, et al. 1998. Pulmonary function in children with initial low birth weight. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 9:80-90
    • (1998) Pediatr Allergy Immunol , vol.9 , pp. 80-90
    • Wjst, M.1    Popescu, M.2    Trepka, M.J.3
  • 130
    • 0032806005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal infections in pregnancy and the development of asthma among offspring
    • Xu B, Pekkanen J, Jarvelin MR, et al. 1999. Maternal infections in pregnancy and the development of asthma among offspring. Int J Epidemiol 28:723-27
    • (1999) Int J Epidemiol , vol.28 , pp. 723-727
    • Xu, B.1    Pekkanen, J.2    Jarvelin, M.R.3
  • 131
    • 0033550308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indoor factors and their association to respiratory symptoms suggestive of asthma in Austrian children aged 6-9 years
    • Zacharasiewicz A, Zidek T, Haidinger G, et al. 1999. Indoor factors and their association to respiratory symptoms suggestive of asthma in Austrian children aged 6-9 years. Wien Klin Wochenschr 111:882-6
    • (1999) Wien Klin Wochenschr , vol.111 , pp. 882-886
    • Zacharasiewicz, A.1    Zidek, T.2    Haidinger, G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.