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Ortho-nitrostyrene 3 was synthesized in five steps from readily available starting materials. See Ref. 6b for details.
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While palladium may be involved in the cyclization of 17, calculations reveal that the presence of palladium is not required: Ref. 27.
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Ragaini et al. reported reduced yields and conversions for the palladium-catalyzed formation of oxazines from electron rich nitroarenes and 2,3-dimethylbutadiene in the presence of CO: Ref. 17.
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