Ocular drug transfer following systemic drug administration

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems, Second Edition, Revised and Expanded

Volumn , Issue , 2003, Pages 109-133

  Jumbe, Nelson L ^a,b   Miller, Michael H ^b  

^a AMGEN INC   (United States)

^b ALBANY MEDICAL COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 20444421102     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (102)

1. Axelrod JL, Kochman RS. Cefamandole levels in primary aqueous humor in man. Am J Ophthalmol 1978; 85: 342-348.
2. Badenoch PR, McDonald PJ, Coster DJ. Effect of inflammation on antibiotic penetration into the anterior segment of the rat eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci1986; 27: 958-965.
3. Barza M, Kane A, Baum J. Oxacillin for bacterial endophthalmitis: subconjunctival, intravenous, both, or neither? Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1980; 19: 1348-1354.
4. Barza M, Kane A, Baum J. The effects of infection and probenecid on the transport of carbenicillin from the rabbit vitreous humor. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1982; 22: 720-726.
5. Barza M, Cuchural G. General principles of antibiotic tissue penetration. J Antimicrob Chemother 1995; 15 (suppl A): 59-75.
6. Barza M. Anatomical barriers for antimicrobial agents. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1993; 12 (suppl 1): S31-35.
7. Barza M. Pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in shallow and deep compartments. J Antimicrob Chemother 1993; 31 (suppl D): 17-27.
8. Bellhorn MB, Bellhorn RW, Poll DS. Permeability of fluorescein-labelled dextrans in fundus fluorescein angiography of rats and birds. Exp Eye Res1977; 24: 595-605.
9. Bito LZ. A new approach to the medical management of glaucoma, from the bench to the clinic, and beyond: the Proctor Lecture. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001; 42: 1126-1133.
10. Blaser J, Stone BB, Groner MC, Zinner SH. Comparative study with enoxacin and netilmicin in a pharmacodynamic model to determine importance of ratio of antibiotic peak concentration to MIC for bactericidal activity and emergence of resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1987; 31: 1054-1060.
11. Bleeker GM, van Haeringen NJ, Glasius E. Urea and the vitreous barrier of the eye. Exp Eyue Res 1968; 7: 30-36.
12. Bleeker GM, van Haeringen, NJ, Maas ER, Glasius E. Selective properties of the vitreous barrier. Exp Eye Res 1968; 7: 37-46.
13. Bondareva IB, Sokolov AV, Tischenkova IF, Jelliffe RW. Population pharmacokinetic modelling of carbamazepine by using the iterative Bayesian (IT2B) and the nonparametric EM (NPEM) algorithms: implications for dosage. J Clin Pharm Ther 2001; 26: 213-223.
14. Brook I, Ledney GD. Quinolone therapy in themanagement of infection after irradiation. Crit Rev Microbiol 1992; 18: 235-246.
15. Brooks RG. Prospective study of Candida endophthalmitis in hospitalized patients with candidemia. Arch Intern Med 1989; 149: 2226-2228.
16. Burns-Bellhorn MS, Bellhorn RW, Benjamin JV. Anterior segment permeability to fluorescein-labeled dextrans in the rat. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1978; 17: 857-862.
17. Cekic O, Batman C, Yasar U, Basci NE, Bozkurt A, Kayaalp SO. Human aqueous and vitreous humour levels of ciprofloxacin following oral and topical administration. Eye 1999; 13: 555-558.
18. Cekic O, Batman C, Yasar U, Basci NE, Zilelioglu O, Bozkurt A. Subretinal fluid levels of topical, oral, and combined administered ciprofloxacin in humans. Br J Ophthalmol 2000; 84: 1061-1063.
19. Cochereau-Massin I, Bauchet J, Marrakchi-Benjaafar S, Saleh-Mghir A, Faurisson F, Vallos JM, Vallee E, Pocidalo JJ. Efficacy and ocular penetration of sparfloxacin in experimental streptococcal endophthalmitis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993; 37: 633-636.
20. Cunha-Vaz JG, Maurice DM. The active transport of fluorescein by the retinal vessels and the retina. J Physiol 1967; 191: 467-486.
21. Dacey RG, Sande MA. Effect of probenecid on cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of penicillin and cephalosporin derivatives. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1974; 6: 417-421.
22. Dacey RG, Welsh JE, Scheld WM, Winn HR, Jane JA, Sande MA. Alterations in cerebrospinal fluid outflow resistance in experimental bacterial meningitis. Trans Am Neurol Assoc 1978; 103: 142-146.
23. Davidson SI. Post-operative bacterial endophthalmitis. Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK 1985; 104: 278-284.
24. Davson H, Segal MB. Effect of cerebrospinal fluid on volume of distribution of extracellular markers. Brain 1969; 92: 131-136.
25. de la Pena A, Liu P, Derendorf H. Microdialysis in peripheral tissues. Adv Drug Deliv Re 2000; 15(45): 189-216.
26. Driebe WT Jr, Mandelbaum S, Forster RK, Schwartz LK, Culbertson WW. Pseudophakic endophthalmitis. Diagnosis and management. Ophthalmology1986; 93: 442-448.
27. Drusano GL. Role of pharmacokinetics in the otucome of infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1988; 32: 289-297.
28. Drusano GL. Pharmacodynamics of antiretroviral chemotherapy. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1993; 14: 530-536.
29. Drusano GL, Liu W, Perkins R, Madu A, Madu C, Mayers M, Miller MH. Determination of robust ocular pharmacokinetic parameters in serum and vitreous humor of albino rabbits following systemic administration of ciprofloxacin from sparse data sets by using IT2S, a population pharmacokinetic modeling program. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39: 1638-1687.
30. Drusano GL, Craig WA. Relevance of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the selection of antibiotics for respiratory tract infections. J Chemother 1997; 9 (suppl 3): 38-44.
31. Drusano GL. Infection in the intensive care unit: beta-lactamase-mediated resistance among Enterobacteriaceae and optimal antimicrobial dosing. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27 (suppl 1): S111-116.
32. Elmquist WF, Sawchuk RJ. Application of microdialysis in pharmacokinetic studies. Pharm Res 1997; 14: 267-288.
33. Ficker L, Meredith TA, Gardner S, Wilson LA. Cefazolin levels after intravi-treal injection. Effects of inflammation and surgery. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci1990; 31: 502-505.
34. Ficker LA, Kirkness CM, Steele AD, Rice NS, Gilvarry AM. Intraocular surgery following penetrating keratoplasty: the risks and advantages. Eye1990; 4: 693-697.
35. Fiscella RG, Nguyen TK, Cwik MJ, Phillpotts BA, Friedlander SM, Alter DC, Shapiro MJ, Blair NP, Gieser JP. Aqueous and vitreous penetration of levofloxacin after oral administration. Ophthalmology 1999; 106: 2286-2290.
36. Fluckiger U, Segessenmann C, Gerber AU. Integration of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of imipenem in a human-adapted mouse model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991; 5: 1905-1910.
37. Forrest A, Ballow CH, Nix DE, Birmingham MC, Schentag JJ. Development of a population pharmacokinetic model and optimal sampling strategies for intravenous ciprofloxacin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993; 37: 1065-1072.
38. Forrest A, Nix DE, Ballow CH, Goss TF, Birmingham MC, Schentag JJ. Pharmacodynamics of intravenous ciprofloxacin in seriously ill patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1993; 37: 1073-1081.
39. Forrester JV, McMenamin PG. Immunopathogenic mechanisms in intraocular inflammation. Chem Immunol 1999, 73: 159-185.
40. Habgood MD, Begley DJ, Abbott NJ. Determinants of passive drug entry into the central nervous system. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2000; 20: 231-253.
41. Hillered L, Persson L. Theory and practice of microdialysis-prospect for future clinical use. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien) 1999; 75: 3-6.
42. Hughes PM, Krishnamoorthy R, Mitra AK. Vitreous disposition of two acy-cloguanosine antivirals in the albino and pigmented rabbit models: a novel ocular microdialysis technique. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 1996; 12: 209-224.
43. Jacquez JA. Parameter identifiability is required in pooled data methods. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 1996; 24(3): 301-305.
44. Jaehde U, Sorgel F, Reiter A, Sigl G, Naber KG, Schunack W. Effect of probenecid on the distribution and elimination of ciprofloxacin in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1995; 58: 532-541.
45. Jumbe NL, W Liu, Drusano, GL Louie, A Miller MH. Comparison of Quinolone Active Efflux after Systemic, Intra-vitreous or Intra-cerebroventri-cular Administration. 39th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Abstract 1924, 1999, p. 46.
46. Jumbe NL, Drusano GL, Miller MH. Parametric Comparison of Midrodialysis and Direct Vitreous Sampling Techniques at Non Steady State Conditions. 39th Interscience Conference on antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Abstract 1923, 1999, p. 46.
47. Jumbe NL, W Liu, Kaw P, Drusano G, Louie A, Miller M. Fluoroquinolone-rifampin potentiation in S. epidermidis [SE] endophthalmitis: emergence of rifampin resistance. Abstract 3641-B499, IOVS 40, 1999, p. 5690.
48. Kaw P, Jumbe N, Liu W, Mayers M, Drusano G, Miller M. The penetration of trovafloxacin into the eye and CSF of rabbits. Abstract 469-B429, IOVS40, 1999, p. 588.
49. Kraff MC, Sanders DR, McGuigan L, Raanan MG. Inhibition of blood-aqueous humor barrier breakdown with diclofenac. A fluorophotometric study. Arch Ophthalmol 1990; 108: 380-383.
50. Leggett JE, Fantin B, Ebert S, Totsuka K, Vogelman B, Calame W, Mattie H, Craig WA. Comparative antibiotic dose-effect relations at several dosing intervals in murine pneumonitis and thigh-infection models. J Infect Dis1989; 159: 281-292.
51. Lesar TS, Fiscella RG. Antimicrobial drug delivery to the eye. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1985; 19: 642-654.
52. Liu W, Liu QF, Perkins R, Drusano G, Louie A, Madu A, Mian U, Mayers M, Miller MH. Pharmacokinetics of sparfloxacin in the serum and vitreous humor of rabbits: physicochemical properties that regulate penetration of quinolone antimicrobials. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42: 1417-1423.
53. Liu W, Jumbe N, Kaw P, Lomastro B, Louie A, Miller M. Comparison of quinolone pharmacokinetics in vitreous humor and CSF following IV drug administration in albino rabbits. Abstract 468-B428, IOVS 40, 1999.
54. Macha S, Mitra AK. Ocular pharmacokinetics in rabbits using a novel dual probe microdialysis technique. Exp Eye Res 2001; 72: 289-299.
55. Madu A, Cioffe C, Mian U, Burroughs M, Tuomanen E, Mayers M, Schwartz E, Miller M. Pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in cerebrospinal fluid and serum of rabbits: validation of an animal model used to measure drug concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994; 38: 2111-2115.
56. Madu AA, Mayers M. Ocular manifestation of systemic infections. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1996; 7: 85-90.
57. max: a computer simulation analysis. Int J clin Pharmacol Ther 1999; 37: 439-445.
58. Marrakchi-Benjaafar S, Cochereau I, Pocidalo JJ, Carbon C. Systemic prophylaxis of experimental staphylococcal endophthalmitis: comparative efficacy of sparfloxacin, pefloxacin, imipenem, vancomycin, and amikacin. J Infect Dis 1995; 172: 1312-1316.
59. Maurice DM, Mishima S. Ocular pharmacokinetics. In: Sears ML, ed.Pharmacology of the Eye. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vol. 69. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1984: 19-116.
60. Mayers M, Rush D, Madu A, Motyl M, Miller MH. Pharmacokinetics of amikacin and chloramphenicol in the aqueous humor of rabbits. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991; 35: 1791-1798.
61. Mian UK, Mayers M, Garg Y, Liu QF, Newcomer G, Madu C, Liu W, Louie A, Miller MH. Comparison of fluconazole pharmacokinetics in serum, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, and cerebrospinal fluid following a single dose and at steady state. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 1998; 14: 459-471.
62. Miller MH, Madu A, Samathanam G, Rush D, Madu CN, Mathisson K, Mayers M. Fleroxacin pharmacokinetics in aqueous and vitreous humors determined by using complete concentration-versus-time data from individual rabbits. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992; 36: 32-38.
63. Moog E, Knothe H. [Passage of various tetracyclines into human aqueous humor in dependence on their protein binding in the blood seruem]. Ber Zusammenkunft Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges 1969; 69: 536-539.
64. Moog, F, Etzler ME, Grey RD. The differentiation of alkaline phosphatase in the small intestine. Ann NY Acad Sci 1969; 166: 447-465.
65. Murray DC, Christopoulou D, Hero M. Intravitreal penetration of teicopla-nin. Eye 1999; 13: 604-605.
66. Nau R, Sorgel F, Prange HW. Lipophilicity at pH 7.4 and molecular size govern the entry of the free serum fraction of drugs into the cerebrospinal fluid in humans with uninflamed meninges. J Neurol Sci 1994; 122: 61-65.
67. Oldendorf WH. Stereospecificity of blood-brain barrier permeability to amino acids. Am J Physiol 1973; 224: 967-969.
68. Oldendorf WH, Crane PD, Braun LD, Wade LA, Diamond JM. Blood-brain barrier transport of basic amino acids is selectively inhibited at low pH. J Neurochem. 1983; 40: 797-800.
69. Olson JC, Flynn HW Jr, Forster RK, Culbertson WW. Results in the treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis. Ophthalmology 1983; 90: 692-699.
70. Ooie T, Suzuki H, Terasaki T, Sugiyama Y. Characterization of the transport properties of a quinolone antibiotic, fleroxacin, in rat choroid plexus. Pharm Res 1996; 13: 523-527.
71. Ooie T, Suzuki H, Terasaki T, Sugiyama Y. Kinetics of quinolone antibiotics in rats: efflux from cerebrospinal fluid to the circulation. Pharm Res 1996; 13: 1065-1068.
72. Ozdamar A, Aras C, Ozturk R, Karacorlu M, Bahcecioglu H, Ozkan S. Ocular penetration of cefepime following systemic administration in humans. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2001; 32: 25-29.
73. Ozturk F, Kortunay S, Kurt E, Ilker SS, Basci NE, Bozkurt A. Penetration of topical and oral ciprofloxacin into the aqueous and vitreous humor in inflamed eyes. Retina 1999; 19: 218-222.
74. Ozturk F, Kortunay S, Kurt E, Inan UU, Ilker SS, Basci N, Bozkurt A. The effect of long-term use and inflammation on the ocular penetration of topical ofloxacin. Curr Eye Res 1999; 19: 461-464.
75. Ozturk F, Kurt E, Inan UU, Kortunay S, Ilker SS, Basci NE, Bozkurt A. The effects of prolonged acute use and inflammation on the ocular penetration of topical ciprofloxacin. Int J Pharm 2000; 25(204): 97-100.
76. Park K, Verotta D, Gupta SK, Sheiner LB. Use of a pharmacokinetic/phar-macodynamic model to design an optimal dose input profile. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 1998; 26: 471-492.
77. Parker TJ, Della Pasqua OE, Loizillon E, Chezaubernard C, Jochemsen R, Danhof M. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling in the early development phase of anti-psychotics: a comparison of the effects of clozapine, S 16924 and S 18327 in the EEG model in rats. Br J Pharmacol 2001; 132: 151-158.
78. Perkins RJ, Liu W, Drusano G, Madu A, Mayers M, Madu C, Miller MH. Pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in serum and vitreous humor of albino and pigmented rabbits. Antimicrob Agents chemother 1995; 39: 1493-1498.
79. Preston SL, Drusano GL, Berman AL, Fowler CL, Chow AT, Dornseif B, Reichl V, Natarajan J, Corrado M. Pharmacodynamics of levofloxacin: a new paradigm for early clinical trials. JAMA 1998; 279: 125-129.
80. Rabkin MD, Bellhorn MB, Bellhorn RW. Selected molecular weight dextrans for in vivo permeability studies of rat retinal vascular disease. Exp Eye Res1977; 24: 607-612.
81. Records RE. The penicillins in ophthalmology. Surv Ophthalmol 1969; 13: 207-214.
82. Rittenhouse KD, Peiffer RL Jr, Pollack GM. Evaluation of microdialysis sampling of aqueous humor for in vivo models of ocular absorption and disposition. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1998; 16: 951-959.
83. Rittenhouse KD, Peiffer RL Jr, Pollack GM. Microdialysis evaluation of the ocular pharmacokinetics of propranolol in the conscious rabbit. Pharm Res1999; 16: 736-742.
84. Salminen L. Ampicillin penetration into the rabbit eye. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh) 1978; 56: 977-983.
85. Salminen L. Cloxacillin distribution in the rabbit eye after intravenous injection. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh) 1978; 56: 11-19.
86. Sande MA, Sherertz RJ, Zak O, Dacey RG, Bodine JA, Stausbaugh LJ. Factors influencing the penetration of antimicrobial agents into the cerebrospinal fluid of experimental animals. Scand J Infect Dis Suppl 1978; 14: 160-163.
87. Schentag JJ, Strenekoski-Nix LC, Nix DE, Forrest A. Pharmacodynamic interactions of antibiotics alone and in combination. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27: 40-46.
88. Schumitzky, A. Nonparametric EM algorithms for estimating prior distributions. Appl Math Comput 1991; 45: 141-157.
89. Sheiner LB, Rosenberg B, Marathe VV. Estimation of population characteristics of pharmacokinetic parameters from routine clinical data. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 1977; 5: 445-479.
90. Sheiner LB, Beal SL. Evaluation of methods for estimating population pharmacokinetics parameters. I. Michaelis-menten model: routine clinical pharmacokinetic data. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 1980; 8: 553-571.
91. Sheiner BL, Beal SL. Evaluation of methods for estimating population pharmacokinetic parameters. II. Biexponential model and experimental pharmacokinetic data. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 1981; 9: 635-651.
92. Sheiner LB, Beal SL. Evaluation of methods for estimating population pharmacokinetic parameters. III. Monoexponential model: routine clinical pharmacokinetic data. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 1983; 11: 303-319.
93. Steimer JL, Mallet A, Golmard JL, Boisvieux JF. Alternative approaches to estimation of population pharmacokinetic parameters: comparison with the nonlinear mixed-effect model. Drug Metab Rev 1984; 15: 265-292.
94. Streilein JW, Ksander BR, Taylor AW. Immune deviation in relation to ocular immune privilege. J Immunol 1997; 15(158): 3557-3560.
95. Streilein JW. Immunoregulatory mechanisms of the eye. Prog Retin Eye Res1999; 18: 357-370.
96. Tulkens PM. Intracellular distribution and activity of antibiotics. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1991; 10: 100-106.
97. van de Waterbeemd H, Camenisch G, folkers G, Chretien JR, Raevsky OA. Estimation of blood-brain barrier crossing of drugs using molecular size and shape, and H-bonding descriptors. J Drug Target 1998; 6: 151-165.
98. Vermes A, Math t RA, van der Sijs IH, Dankert J, Guchelaar HJ. Population pharmacokinetics of flucytosine: comparison and validation of three models using STS, NPEM, and NONMEM. Ther Drug Monit 2000; 22: 676-687.
99. Vinores SA. Assessment of blood-retinal barrier integrity. Histol Histopathol1995; 10: 141-154.
100. Waga J, Nilsson-Ehle I, Ljungberg B, Skarin A, Stahle L, Ehinger B. Microdialysis for pharmacokinetic studies of ceftazidime in rabbit vitreous. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 1999; 15: 455-463.
101. Wang Y, Wong SL, Sawchuk RJ. Microdialysis calibration using retrodialysis and zero-net flux: application to a study of the distribution of zidovudine to rabbit cerebrospinal fluid and thalamus. Pharm Res 1993; 10: 1411-1419.
102. Yoshida A, Ishiko S, Kojima M. Outward permeability of the blood-retain barrier. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1992; 230: 78-83.