The nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway in CNS glial cells

Advances in Molecular and Cell Biology

Volumn 31, Issue , 2003, Pages 575-593

  García, Agustina ^a   Baltronsb, María Antonia ^a  

^a UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 1842672322     PISSN: 15692558     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S1569-2558(03)31026-4     Document Type: Review

References (148)

1. L Acarin H Peluffo B Gonzalez B Castellano Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 after excitotoxic damage to the immature rat brain J. Neurosci. Res. 68 2002 745 754
2. L Agulló M.A Baltrons A Garcı́a Calcium-dependent nitric oxide formation in glial cells Brain Res. 686 1995 160 168
3. L Agulló A Garcı́a Different receptors mediate stimulation of nitric oxide-dependent cyclic GMP formation in neurons and astrocytes in culture Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 182 1992 1362 1368
4. 2+/calmodulin dependent cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase activity in granule neurons and astrocytes from cerebellum Eur. J. Pharmacol. 323 1997 119 125
5. W.K Alderton C.E Cooper R.G Knowles Nitric oxide synthases: structure, function and inhibition Biochem. J. 357 2001 593 615
6. G Almer S Vukosavic N Romero S Przedborski Inducible nitric oxide synthase up-regulation in a transgenic mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis J. Neurochem. 72 1999 2415 2425
7. S.G Andreeva P Dikkes P.M Epstein P.A Rosenberg Expression of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase 9A mRNA in the rat brain J. Neurosci. 21 2001 9068 9076
8. A Araque G Carmignoto P.G Haydon Dynamic signaling between astrocytes and neurons Annu. Rev. Physiol. 63 2001 795 813
9. M.L Arbonés J Ribera L Agulló M.A Baltrons A Casanovas V Riveros-Moreno A Garcı́a Characteristics of nitric oxide synthase type I of rat cerebellar astrocytes Glia 18 1996 224 232
10. M.A Ariano J.A Lewicki H.J Brandwein F Murad Immunohistochemical localization of guanylate cyclase within neurons of rat brain Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 79 1982 1316 1320
11. M.A Baltrons A Garcı́a AMPA receptors are couple to the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP pathway in cerebellar astroglial cells Eur. J. Neurosci. 9 1997 2497 2501
12. M.A Baltrons A Garcı́a Nitric oxide-independent down-regulation of soluble guanylyl cyclase by bacterial endotoxin in astroglial cells J. Neurochem. 73 1999 2149 2157
13. M.A Baltrons A Garcı́a The nitric oxide/cyclic GMP system in astroglial cells Progr. Brain Res. 132 2001 335 347
14. M.A Baltrons C.E Pedraza M.T Heneka A Garcı́a β-Amyloid peptides decrease soluble guanylyl cyclase expression in astroglial cells Neurobiol. Dis. 10 2002 139 149
15. M.A Baltrons S Saadoun L Agulló A Garcı́a Regulation by calcium of the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP system in cerebellar granule cells and astroglia in culture J. Neurosci. Res. 49 1997 333 341
16. M Barna T Komatsu C.S Reiss Activation of type III nitric oxide synthase in astrocytes following a neurotropic viral infection Virology 223 1996 331 343
17. T.C Bellamy J Garthwaite Sub-second kinetics of the nitric oxide receptor, soluble guanylyl cyclase, in intact cerebellar cells J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 4287 4292
18. T.C Bellamy J Garthwaite “cAMP-specific” phosphodiesterase contributes to cGMP degradation in cerebellar cells exposed to nitric oxide Mol. Pharmacol. 59 2001 54 61
19. T.C Bellamy J Wood D.A Goodwin J Garthwaite Rapid desensitization of the nitric oxide receptor, soluble guanylyl cyclase, underlies diversity of cellular cGMP responses Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 97 2000 2928 2933
20. M.L Billingsley J.W Polli C.D Balaban R.L Kincaid Developmental expression of calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase in rat brain Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 53 1990 253 263
21. L Bö T.M Dawson S Wesselingh S Mork S Choi P.A Kong D Hanley B.D Trapp Induction of nitric oxide synthase in demyelinating regions of multiple sclerosis brains Ann. Neurol. 36 1994 778 786
22. J.P Bolaños A Almeida Roles of nitric oxide in brain hypoxia–ischemia Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1411 1999 415 436
23. W.L Bonkale B Winblad R Ravid R.F Cowburn Reduced nitric oxide responsive soluble guanylyl cyclase activity in the superior temporal cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease Neurosci. Lett. 187 1995 5 8
24. D.S Bredt Endogenous nitric oxide synthesis: biological functions and pathophysiology Free Radic. Res. 31 1999 577 696
25. S.J Bunn J Garthwaite G.P Wilkin Guanylate cyclase activities in enriched preparations of neurones, astroglia and a synaptic complex isolated from rat cerebellum Neurochem. Int. 8 1986 179 185
26. A.O Caggiano R.P Kraig Neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression is induced in neocortical astrocytes after spreading depression J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 18 1998 75 87
27. J Calka G Wolf W Schmidt Induction of cytosolic NADPH-diaphorase/nitric oxide synthase in reactive microglia/macrophages after quinolinic acid lesions in the rat striatum: an electron and light microscopical study Histochem. Cell Biol. 105 1996 81 89
28. M.V Catania E Aronica B Yankaya D Troost Increased expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase spliced variants in reactive astrocytes of amylotrophic lateral sclerosis human spinal cord J. Neurosci. 21 2001 RC148(1-5)
29. C.I Cha J.M Kim D.H Shin Y.S Kim J Kim M.E Gurney K.W Lee Reactive astrocytes express nitric oxide synthase in the spinal cord of transgenic mice expressing a human Cu/Zn SOD mutation Neuroreport 9 1998 1503 1506
30. M Colasanti T Persichini Nitric oxide: an inhibitor of NFκB/Rel system in glial cells Brain Res. Bull. 52 2000 155 161
31. M Colasanti T Persichini T Di Pucchio F Gremo G.M Lauro Human ramified microglial cells produce nitric oxide upon Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor alpha stimulation Neurosci. Lett. 200 1995 144 146
32. J.V Denninger M.A Marletta Guanylate cyclase and the NO/cGMP signaling pathway Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1411 1999 334 350
33. J De Vente E Asan S Gambaryan M Markerink-van Ittersum H Axer K Gallatz S.M Lohmann M Palkovits Localization of cGMP-dependent protein kinase type II in rat brain Neuroscience 108 2001 27 49
34. J De Vente H.W.M Steinbusch On the stimulation of soluble and particulate guanylate cyclase in the rat brain and the involvement of nitric oxide as studied by cGMP immuno-cytochemistry Acta Histochem. 92 1992 13 38
35. J De Vente H.W.M Steinbusch Nitric oxide-cGMP signaling in the rat brain H.W.M Steinbusch J De Vente S.R Vincent Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy 2000 Elsevier Amsterdam 355 415
36. J.L Dinerman T.M Dawson M.J Schell A Snowman S.H Snyder Endothelial nitric oxide synthase localized to hippocampal pyramidal cells: implications for synaptic plasticity Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 91 1994 4214 4218
37. M.Z Ding B.A Stpierre J.F Parkinson P Medberry J.L Wong N.E Rogers L.J Ignarro J.E Merrill Inducible nitric-oxide synthase and nitric oxide production in human fetal astrocytes and microglia J. Biol. Chem. 272 1997 11327 11335
38. W Eberhardt D Kunz R Hummel J Pfeilschifter Molecular cloning of the rat inducible nitric oxide synthase gene promoter Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 223 1996 752 756
39. Y.I Egberongbe S.M Gentleman P Falkai B Bogerts J.M Polak G.W Roberts The distribution of nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity in the human brain Neuroscience 59 1994 561 578
40. A.E El-Husseini J Williams P.B Reiner S Pelech S.R Vincent Localization of the cGMP-dependent protein kinases in relation to nitric oxide synthase in the brain J. Chem. Neuroanat. 17 1999 45 55
41. M Endoh K Maiese J Wagner Expression of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase by reactive astrocytes after transient global ischemia Brain Res. 651 1994 92 100
42. C Fabrizi V Silei M Menegazzi M Salmona O Bugiani F Tagliavini H Suzuki G.M Lauro The stimulation of inducible nitric-oxide synthase by the prion protein fragment 106–126 in human microglia is tumor necrosis factor-alpha-dependent and involves p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 25692 25696
43. D.L Feinstein E Galea D.A Aquino G.C Li H Xu D.J Reis Heat shock protein 70 suppresses astroglial iNOS expression by decreasing NFkB activation J. Biol. Chem. 271 1996 17724 17732
44. G Filippov D.B Bloch K.D Bloch Nitric oxide decreases stability of mRNAs encoding soluble guanylate cyclase subunits in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells J. Clin. Invest. 100 1997 942 948
45. U Förstermann H Kleinert Nitric oxide synthase: expression and expressional control of the three isoforms Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 356 1995 351 364
46. T Furuyama S Inagaki H Takagi Localizations of α1 and β1 subunits of soluble guanylate cyclase in the rat brain Mol. Brain Res. 20 1993 335 344
47. T Furuyama Iwahashi Y Tano H Takagi S Inagaki Localization of 63-kDa calmodulin-stimulated phosphodiesterase mRNA in the rat brain by in situ hybridization histochemistry Mol. Brain Res. 26 1994 331 336
48. P.L.A Gabbot S Bacon Localisation of NADPH diaphorase activity and NOS immunoreactivity in astroglia in normal adult rat brain Brain Res. 714 1996 135 144
49. E Galea D.L Feinstein Regulation of the expression of the inflammatory nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) by cyclic AMP FASEB J. 13 1999 2125 2137
50. D.L Garbers The guanylyl cyclase receptors Methods 19 1999 477 484
51. J Garthwaite B Mayer The physiological roles of nitric oxide in the central nervous system 2000 Springer Berlin 259 275
52. J Garthwaite S.L Charles R Chess-Williams Endothelium-derived relaxing factor release on activation of NMDA receptors suggests role as intracellular messenger in the brain Nature 336 1988 385 388
53. J Garthwaite G Garthwaite Cellular origins of cyclic GMP responses to excitatory amino acid receptor agonists in rat cerebellum in vitro J. Neurochem. 48 1987 29 39
54. V Gavrilyuk C Dello Russo V Gavrilyuk M.T Heneka D Pelligrino G Weinberg D.L Feinstein Norepinephrine increases IKBα expression in astrocytes J. Biol. Chem. 277 2002 29662 29668
55. B.J Gibb J Garthwaite Subunits of the nitric oxide receptor, soluble guanylyl cyclase, expressed in rat brain Eur. J. Neurosci. 13 2001 539 544
56. S Giri M Jatana R Rattan J.S Won I Singh A.K Singh Galactosylsphingosine (psychosine)-induced expression of cytokine-mediated inducible nitric oxide synthases via AP-1 and C/EBP: implications for Krabbe disease FASEB J. 16 2002 661 672
57. D Grzybicki K.B Kwack S Perlman S Murphy Nitric oxide synthase type II expression by different cell types in MHV-JHM encephalitis suggests distinct roles for nitric oxide in acute versus persistent virus infection J. Neuroimmunol. 73 1997 15 27
58. D Grzybicki S.A Moore R Schelper A Glabinski R.M Ransohoff S Murphy Expression of MCP-1 and nitric oxide synthase-2 following cerebral trauma Acta Neurophathol. 95 1998 98 103
59. T Gudi G.K Hong A.B Vaandrager S.M Lohmann R.B Pilz Nitric oxide and cGMP regulate gene expression in neuronal and glial cells by activating type II cGMP-dependent protein kinase FASEB J. 13 1999 2143 2152
60. N.A Hartell Inhibition of cGMP breakdown promotes the induction of cerebellar long-term depression J. Neurosci. 16 1996 2881 2890
61. M.T Heneka D.L Feinstein Expression and function of inducible nitric oxide synthase in neurons J. Neuroimmunol. 114 2001 8 18
62. M.T Heneka A Sharp T Klockgether V Gavrilyuk D.L Feinstein The heat shock response inhibits NF-kB activation, nitric oxide synthase type 2 expression, and macrophage/microglial activation in brain J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 20 2000 800 811
63. P Heuschling Nitric oxide modulates γ-interferon-induced MHC class II antigen expression on rat astrocytes J. Neuroimmunol. 57 1995 63 69
64. J Hirrlinger J Konig R Dringen Expression of mRNAs of multidrug resistance proteins (Mrps) in cultured rat astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglial cells and neurones J. Neurochem. 82 2002 716 719
65. K Hori P.R Burd K Furuke J Kutza K.A Weih K.A Clouse Human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected macrophages induce inducible nitric oxide (NO) production in astrocytes: astrocytic NO as a possible mediator of neural damage in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Blood 93 1999 1843 1850
66. J Hu K.T Akama G.A Krafft B.A Chromy L.J Van Eldik Amyloid-β peptide activates cultured astrocytes: morphological alterations, cytokine induction and nitric oxide release Brain Res. 785 1998 195 206
67. J Hu F Castets J.L Guevara L.J Van Eldik S100 beta stimulates inducible nitric oxide synthase activity and mRNA levels in rat cortical astrocytes J. Biol. Chem. 271 1996 2543 2547
68. S.X Hu W.S Sheng P.K Peterson C.C Chao Differential regulation by cytokines of human astrocyte nitric oxide production Glia 15 1995 491 494
69. S Hunot F Boissiere B Faucheux B Brugg A Mouattprigent Y Agid E.C Hirsch Nitric oxide synthase and neuronal vulnerability in Parkinson's disease Neuroscience 72 1996 355 363
70. L.J Ignarro G.M Buga K.S Wood R.E Byrns G Chaudhuri Endothelium-derived relaxing factor produced and released from artery and vein is nitric oxide Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 84 1987 9265 9269
71. K Iwase K Miyanaka A Shimizu A Nagasaki T Gotoh M Mori M Takiguchi Induction of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in rat brain astrocytes by systemic lipopolysaccharide treatment J. Biol. Chem. 275 2000 11929 11933
72. G Jedlitschky B Burchell D Keppler The multidrug resistance protein 5 functions as an ATP-dependent export pump for cyclic nucleotides J. Biol. Chem. 275 2000 30069 30074
73. C.L Kapoor G Krishna Hormone-induced cyclic guanosine monophosphate secretion from guinea pig pancreatic lobules Science 196 1977 1003 1005
74. G Keilhoff B Seidel G Wolf Absence of nitric oxide synthase in rat oligodendrocytes: a light and electron microscopic study Acta Histochem. 100 1998 409 417
75. Y.-M Kim H.-T Chung S.-S Kim J.-A Han Y.-M Yoo K.-M Kim G.-H Lee H.-Y Yun A Green J Li R.L Simmons T.R Billiar Nitric oxide protects PC12 cells from serum deprivation-induced apoptosis by cGMP-dependent inhibition of caspase signaling J. Neurosci. 19 1999 6740 6747
76. R.L Kincaid C.D Balaban M.L Billingsley Differential localization of calmodulin-dependent enzymes in rat brain: evidence for selective expression of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase in specific neurons Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 84 1987 1118 1122
77. M Koglin K Vehse L Budaeus H Scholz S Behrends Nitric oxide activates the β2 subunit of soluble guanylyl cyclase in the absence of a second subunit J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 30737 30743
78. P Koka K He J.A Zack S Kitchen W Peacock I Fried T Tran S.S Yashar J.E Merril Human immunodeficiency virus 1 envelope proteins induce interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and nitric oxide in glial cultures derived from fetal, neonatal, and adult human brain J. Exp. Med. 182 1995 941 952
79. J Kotera N Yanaka K Fujishige Y Imai H Akatsuka T Ishizuka K Kawashima K Omori Expression of rat cGMP-binding cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase mRNA in Purkinje cell layers during postnatal neuronal development Eur. J. Biochem. 249 1997 434 442
80. P Kugler D Drenckhahn Astrocytes and Bergmann glia as an important site of nitric oxide synthase I Glia 16 1996 165 173
81. S.C Lee D.W Dickson W Liu C.F Brosnan Induction of nitric oxide synthase activity in human astrocyte by interleukin-1β and interferon-γ J. Neuroimmunol. 46 1993 19 24
82. B Liu A.H Neufeld Expression of nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) in reactive astrocytes of the human glaucomatous optic nerve head Glia 30 2000 178 186
83. A.K Loihl I Campbell S Murphy The expression of NOS-2 following permanent focal ischemia and the role of NO in infarct generation in male, female and NOS-2 deficient mice Brain Res. 830 1999 155 164
84. K.A Lucas G.M Pitari S Kazerounian I Ruiz-Stewart J Park S Schulz K.P Chepenik S.A Waldman Guanylyl cyclases and signaling by cyclic GMP Pharmacol. Rev. 52 2000 375 414
85. H.J Lüth Ultrastructural demonstration of constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) in neocortical glial cells and glial perisynaptic sheaths Anat. Anz. 179 1997 221 225
86. H.J Lüth M Holzer U Gartner M Staufenbiel T Arendt Expression of endothelial and inducible NOS-isoforms is increased in Alzheimer's disease, in APP23 transgenic mice and after experimental brain lesion in rat: evidence for an induction by amyloid pathology Brain Res. 913 2001 57 67
87. M.P Mattson S Camandola NF-kB in neuronal plasticity and neurodegenerative disorders J. Clin. Invest. 107 2001 247 254
88. I Matsuoka D Giuli M Poyard D Stengel J Parma G Guellaen J Hanoune Localization of adenylyl and guanylyl cyclase in rat brain by in situ hybridization: comparison with calmodulin mRNA distribution J. Neurosci. 12 1992 3350 3360
89. V Matyash V Filippov K Mohrhagen H Kettenmann Nitric oxide signals parallel fiber activity to Bergmann glial cells in the mouse cerebellar slice Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 18 2001 664 670
90. 2+ J. Neurochem. 59 1992 2024 2029
91. J.E Merrill S.P Murphy B Mitrovic A Mackenzie-Graham J.C Dopp M Ding J Griscavage L.J Ignarro C.J Lowenstein Inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide production by oligodendrocytes J. Neurosci. Res. 48 1997 372 384
92. E Molina-Holgado J.M Vela A Arevalo-Martin C Guaza LPS/IFN-γ cytotoxicity in oligodendroglial cells: role of nitric oxide and protection by the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 Eur. J. Neurosci. 13 2001 493 502
93. C Montoliu M Llansola E Kosenko R Corbalan V Felipo Role of cyclic GMP in glutamate neurotoxicity in primary cultures of cerebellar neurons Neuropharmacolgy 38 1999 1883 1891
94. S Murphy Production of nitric oxide by glial cells: regulation and potential roles in the CNS Glia 29 2000 1 14
95. P Murphy A Sharp J Shin V Gavrilyuk C Dello Russo G Weinberg F.R Sharp A Lu M.T Heneka D.L Feinstein Suppressive effects of ansamycins on inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis J. Neurosci. Res. 67 2002 461 470
96. S Murphy M.L Simmons L Agullo A Garcia D.L Feinstein E Galea D.J Reis D Minc-Golomb J.P Schwartz Synthesis of nitric oxide in CNS glial cells Trends Neurosci. 16 1993 323 328
97. M Nakane M Ichikawa T Deguchi Light and electron microscopic demonstration of guanylate cyclase in rat brain Brain Res. 273 1983 9 15
98. C Nathan Inducible nitric oxide synthase J. Clin. Invest. 100 1997 2417 2423
99. M Navarra C.E Pedraza T Sardón M.A Baltrons A Garcı́a HIV-1 coat protein GP120 decreases NO-dependent cGMP accumulation in rat brain astrocytes by increasing phosphodiesterase 5 activity Glia S1 2002 S28
100. C Nolte M Matyash T Pivneva C.G Schipke C Ohlemeyer U.-K Hanisch F Kirchhoff H Kettenmann GFAP promoter-controlled EGFP-expressing transgenic mice: a tool to visualize astrocytes and astrogliosis in living brain tissue Glia 33 2001 72 86
101. Y Okuda S Sakoda H Fujimura T Yanagihara NO via an inducible isoform of NOS is a possible factor to eliminate inflammatory cells from the CNS of mice with EAE J. Neuroimmunol. 73 1997 107 166
102. R.M.J Palmer A.G Ferrige S Moncada Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor Nature 327 1987 524 526
103. A Papapetropoulos C Go F Murad J.D Catravas Mechanisms of tolerance to sodium nitroprusside in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells Br. J. Pharmacol. 117 1996 147 155
104. S.J Parkinson A Jovanovic S Jovanovic F Wagner A Terzic S.A Waldman Regulation of nitric oxide-responsive recombinant soluble guanylyl cyclase by calcium Biochemistry 38 1999 6441 6448
105. L Pasti T Pozzan G Carmignoto Long-lasting changes of calcium oscillations in astrocytes. A new form of glutamate-mediated plasticity J. Biol. Chem. 270 1995 15203 15210
106. C.E Pedraza M.A Baltrons A Garcı́a Interleukin-1β stimulates cyclic GMP efflux in brain astrocytes FEBS Lett. 507 2001 303 306
107. C.E Pedraza M.A Baltrons A Garcı́a Pro-inflammatory cytokines decrease soluble guanylyl cyclase in astroglial cells Glia S1 2002 S60
108. N Peunova G Enikolopov Nitric oxide triggers a switch to growth arrest during differentiation of neuronal cells Nature 373 1995 68 73
109. C Pouloupoulou L Nowak Extracellular 3′,5′ cyclic guanosine monophosphate inhibits kainate-activated responses in cultured mouse cerebellar neurons J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 286 1998 99 109
110. N Quan L He W Lai T Shen M Herkenham Induction of IkBα mRNA expression in the brain by glucocorticoids: a negative feedback mechanism for immune-to-brain signaling J. Neurosci. 20 2000 6473 6477
111. F Rossi E Bianchini Synergistic induction of nitric oxide by β-amyloide and cytokines in astrocytes Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 225 1996 474 478
112. M Russwurm D Koesling Isoforms of NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase Mol. Cell. Biochem. 230 2002 159 164
113. M Russwurm N Wittau D Koesling Guanylyl cyclase/PSD-95 interaction: targeting of the nitric oxide-sensitive α2/β1 guanylyl cyclase to synaptic membranes J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 44647 44652
114. S Saadoun A Garcı́a Endothelin stimulates nitric oxide-dependent cyclic GMP formation in rat cerebellar astroglia Neuroreport 10 1999 1 4
115. H.H.H.W Schmidt G.D Gagne M Nakane J.S Pollock M.F Miller F Murad Mapping of neural nitric oxide synthase in the rat suggests frequent co-localization with NADPH diaphorase but not with soluble guanylyl cyclase, and novel paraneural functions for nitrinergic signal transduction J. Histochem. Cytochem. 40 1992 1439 1456
116. H.H.H.W Schmidt S.M Lohmann U Walter The nitric oxide and cGMP signal transduction system: regulation and mechanism of action Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1178 1993 153 175
117. C Schultz S Vaskinn H Kildalsen G Sager Cyclic AMP stimulates the cyclic GMP egression pump in human erythrocytes: effects of probenecid, verapamil, progesterone, theophylline, IBMX, forskolin, and cyclic AMP on cyclic GMP uptake and association to inside-out vesicles Biochemistry 37 1998 1161 1166
118. P.J Shen A.L Gundlach Prolonged induction of neuronal NOS expression and activity following cortical spreading depression (SD): implications for SD- and NO-mediated neuroprotection Exp. Neurol. 160 1999 317 332
119. 2+-calmodulin-stimulated cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase from bovine brain Biochemistry 24 1985 672 677
120. G Simic P.J Lucassen Z Krsnik B Kruslin I Kostovic B Winblad N Bogdanovi nNOS expression in reactive astrocytes correlates with increased cell death related DNA damage in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex in Alzheimer's disease Exp. Neurol. 165 2000 12 26
121. S.H Soderling J.A Beavo Regulation of cAMP and cGMP signaling: new phosphodiesterases and new functions Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 12 2000 174 179
122. Y.K Sohn N Ganju K.D Bloch J.R Wands S.M de la Monte Neuritic sprouting with aberrant expression of the nitric oxide synthase III gene in neurodegenerative diseases J. Neurol. Sci. 162 1999 133 151
123. N Sun D Grzybicki R.F Castro S Murphy S Perlman Activation of astrocytes in the spinal cord of mice chronically infected with a neurotropic coronavirus Virology 213 1995 482 493
124. C Szabó Physiological and pathological roles of nitric oxide in the central nervous system Brain Res. Bull. 41 1996 131 141
125. M Takata G Filippov H Liu F Ichinose S Janssens D.B Bloch K.D Bloch Cytokines decrease sGC in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via NO-dependent and NO-independent mechanisms Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 280 2001 L272 L278
126. K Takuma P Phuagphong E Lee K Mori A Baba T Matsuda Anti-apoptotic effect of cGMP in cultured astrocytes: inhibition by cGMP-dependent protein kinase of mitochondrial permeable transition pore J. Biol. Chem. 276 2001 48093 48099
127. J Tanaka M Markerink-Van Ittersum H.W.M Steinbusch J De Vente Nitric oxide-mediated cGMP synthesis in oligodendrocytes in the developing rat brain Glia 19 1997 286 297
128. L Taupenot J Ciesielski-Treska G Ulrich S Chasserot-Golaz D Aunis M.F Bader Chromogranin A triggers a phenotypic transformation and the generation of nitric oxide in brain microglial cells Neuroscience 72 1996 377 389
129. C Teunissen H Steinbusch M Markerink-van Ittersum D Koesling J de Vente Presence of soluble and particulate guanylyl cyclase in the same hippocampal astrocytes Brain Res. 891 2001 206 212
130. M.L Tjörnhammar G Lazaridis T Bartfay Efflux of cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate from cerebellar slices stimulated by l -glutamate or high K+ or N -methyl- N ′-nitro- N -nitrosoguanidine Neurosci. Lett. 68 1986 95 99
131. H Togashi M Sasaki E Frohman E Taira R.R Ratan T.M Dawson V.L Dawson Neuronal (type I) nitric oxide synthase regulates NFkB activity and immunologic (type II) nitric oxide synthase expression Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 94 1997 2676 2680
132. S Tomita R.A Nicoll D.S Bredt PDZ protein interactions regulating glutamate receptor function and plasticity J. Cell Biol. 153 2001 F19 F24
133. + exchanger variant in cultured rat astrocytes via an extracellular site of action J. Neurochem. 68 1997 1451 1461
134. K Ujiie L Hogarth R Danziger J.G Drewett P.S.T Yuen I.-H Pang R.A Star Homologous and heterologous desensitization of a guanylyl cyclase-linked nitric oxide receptor in cultured rat medullary interstitial cells J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 270 1994 761 767
135. S Vesce P Bezzi A Volterra Synaptic transmission with the glia News Physiol. Sci. 16 2001 178 184
136. M.N Wallace J.G Geddes D.A Farquhar M.R Masson Nitric oxide synthase in reactive astrocytes adjacent to β-amyloid plaques Exp. Neurol. 144 1997 266 272
137. X Wang P.J Robinson Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase and cellular signalling in the nervous system J. Neurochem. 68 1997 443 456
138. B Wendland F.E Schweizer T.A Ryan M Nakane F Murad R.H Scheller R.W Tsien Existence of nitric oxide synthase in rat hippocampal pyramidal cells Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 91 1994 2151 2155
139. A.E Wiencken V.A Casagrande Endothelial nitric oxide synthetase (eNOS) in astrocytes: another source of nitric oxide in neocortex Glia 26 1999 280 290
140. 2+ waves in glia J. Neurosci. 20 2000 1767 1779
141. P.L Wood Pharmacology of the second messenger, cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate, in the cerebellum Pharmacol. Rev. 43 1991 1 25
142. H Xiong K Yamada H Jourdi M Kawamura N Takei D Han T Nabeshima H Nawa Regulation of nerve growth factor release by nitric oxide through cyclic GMP pathway in cortical glial cells Mol. Pharmacol. 56 1999 339 347
143. C Yan J.K Bentley W.K Sonnenburg J.A Beavo Differential expression of the 61 kDa and 63 kDa calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterases in the mouse brain J. Neurosci. 14 1994 973 984
144. A Yoshioka Y Yamaya S Saiki M Kanemoto G Hirose D Pleasure Cyclic GMP/cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase system prevents excitotoxicity in an immortalized oligodendroglial cell line J. Neurochem. 74 2000 633 640
145. U Zabel C Kleinschnitz P Oh P Nedvetsky A Smolenski H Muller P Kronich P Kugler U Walter J.E Schnitzer H.H Schmidt Calcium-dependent membrane association sensitizes soluble guanylyl cyclase to nitric oxide Nat. Cell Biol. 4 2002 307 311
146. U Zabel M Weeger M La H.H.W Schmidt Human soluble guanylate cyclase: functional expression and revised isoenzyme family Biochem. J. 335 1998 51 57
147. J Zhang S.H Snyder Nitric oxide in the nervous system Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 35 1995 213 233
148. M.-L Zhao J.S.H Liu D He D.W Dickson S.C Lee Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression is selectively induced in astrocytes isolated from adult human brain Brain Res. 813 1998 402 405