메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 56, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 675-711

Lipid vesicles and other colloids as drug carriers on the skin

Author keywords

Emulsions; Epicutaneous phase behaviour; Pore density; Pores; Transcutaneous hydrophilic pathways; Transferosomes; Ultradeformable vesicles

Indexed keywords

BLOOD; CELL MEMBRANES; COLLOIDS; ELASTICITY; HYDROPHILICITY; LIPIDS; ORGANIC SOLVENTS; SKIN; SUSPENSIONS (FLUIDS);

EID: 1542268930     PISSN: 0169409X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2003.10.028     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (611)

References (232)
  • 2
    • 0003546554 scopus 로고
    • E.W. Smith, & H.I. Maibach. New York: CRS Press
    • Smith E.W., Maibach H.I. Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers. 1995;CRS Press, New York.
    • (1995) Percutaneous Penetration Enhancers
  • 3
    • 0035733348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of the barrier function of the skin
    • Hadgraft J. Modulation of the barrier function of the skin. Skin Pharmacol. Appl. Skin Physiol. 14:2001;72-81.
    • (2001) Skin Pharmacol. Appl. Skin Physiol. , vol.14 , pp. 72-81
    • Hadgraft, J.1
  • 4
    • 0031852494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microfabricated microneedles: A novel approach to transdermal drug delivery
    • Henry S., McAllister D.V., Allen M.G., Prausnitz M.R. Microfabricated microneedles: a novel approach to transdermal drug delivery. J. Pharm. Sci. 87:1998;922-925.
    • (1998) J. Pharm. Sci. , vol.87 , pp. 922-925
    • Henry, S.1    McAllister, D.V.2    Allen, M.G.3    Prausnitz, M.R.4
  • 5
    • 0037190015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phonophoresis: Efficiency, mechanisms and skin tolerance
    • Machet L., Boucaud A. Phonophoresis: efficiency, mechanisms and skin tolerance. Int. J. Pharm. 243:2002;1.
    • (2002) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.243 , pp. 1
    • MacHet, L.1    Boucaud, A.2
  • 6
    • 0032440065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the potential of skin electroporation for the delivery of protein- and gene-based drugs
    • Banga A.K., Prausnitz M.R. Assessing the potential of skin electroporation for the delivery of protein- and gene-based drugs. TIBTECH. 16:1998;408-412.
    • (1998) TIBTECH , vol.16 , pp. 408-412
    • Banga, A.K.1    Prausnitz, M.R.2
  • 8
    • 0026508985 scopus 로고
    • Lipid vesicles penetrate into intact skin owing to the transdermal osmotic gradients and hydration force
    • Cevc G., Blume G. Lipid vesicles penetrate into intact skin owing to the transdermal osmotic gradients and hydration force. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1104:1992;226-232.
    • (1992) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1104 , pp. 226-232
    • Cevc, G.1    Blume, G.2
  • 9
    • 0029118279 scopus 로고
    • Transdermal drug carriers: Basic properties, optimization and transfer efficiency in the case of epicutaneously applied peptides
    • Cevc G., Schätzlein A., Blume G. Transdermal drug carriers: basic properties, optimization and transfer efficiency in the case of epicutaneously applied peptides. J. Control. Release. 36:1995;3-16.
    • (1995) J. Control. Release , vol.36 , pp. 3-16
    • Cevc, G.1    Schätzlein, A.2    Blume, G.3
  • 10
    • 0035859979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skin, the final frontier
    • Hadgraft J. Skin, the final frontier. Int. J. Pharm. 224:2001;1-18.
    • (2001) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.224 , pp. 1-18
    • Hadgraft, J.1
  • 12
    • 0030574689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The nature of the epidermal barrier: Structural aspects
    • Fartasch M. The nature of the epidermal barrier: structural aspects. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 18:1996;273-282.
    • (1996) Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. , vol.18 , pp. 273-282
    • Fartasch, M.1
  • 14
    • 0031898536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-uniform cellular packing of the stratum corneum and permeability barrier function of intact skin: A high-resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy study using highly deformable vesicles (Transfersomes)
    • Schätzlein A., Cevc G. Non-uniform cellular packing of the stratum corneum and permeability barrier function of intact skin: a high-resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy study using highly deformable vesicles (Transfersomes). Br. J. Dermatol. 138:1998;583-592.
    • (1998) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.138 , pp. 583-592
    • Schätzlein, A.1    Cevc, G.2
  • 16
    • 0025821769 scopus 로고
    • Epidermal barrier function: Intercellular lamellar lipid structures, origin, composition and metabolism
    • Elias P.M. Epidermal barrier function: intercellular lamellar lipid structures, origin, composition and metabolism. J. Control. Release. 15:1991;199-208.
    • (1991) J. Control. Release , vol.15 , pp. 199-208
    • Elias, P.M.1
  • 18
    • 8544226926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depletion of stratum corneum intercellular lipid lamellae and barrier function abnormalities after long-term topical corticosteroids
    • Sheu H.M., Lee J.Y., Chai C.Y., Kuo K.W. Depletion of stratum corneum intercellular lipid lamellae and barrier function abnormalities after long-term topical corticosteroids. Br. J. Dermatol. 136:1997;884-890.
    • (1997) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.136 , pp. 884-890
    • Sheu, H.M.1    Lee, J.Y.2    Chai, C.Y.3    Kuo, K.W.4
  • 20
    • 0026606514 scopus 로고
    • Predicting skin permeability
    • Potts R.O., Guy R.H. Predicting skin permeability. Pharm. Res. 9:1992;663-669.
    • (1992) Pharm. Res. , vol.9 , pp. 663-669
    • Potts, R.O.1    Guy, R.H.2
  • 21
    • 0036096659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative structure-permeability relationships (QSPRs) for percutaneous absorption
    • Moss G.P., Dearden J.C., Patel H., Cronin M.T.D. Quantitative structure-permeability relationships (QSPRs) for percutaneous absorption. Toxicol. Vitro. 16:2002;299-317.
    • (2002) Toxicol. Vitro , vol.16 , pp. 299-317
    • Moss, G.P.1    Dearden, J.C.2    Patel, H.3    Cronin, M.T.D.4
  • 22
    • 0036675501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) for the prediction of skin permeation of exogenous chemicals
    • Patel H., ten Berge W., Cronin M.T.D. Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) for the prediction of skin permeation of exogenous chemicals. Chemosphere. 48:2002;603-613.
    • (2002) Chemosphere , vol.48 , pp. 603-613
    • Patel, H.1    Ten Berge, W.2    Cronin, M.T.D.3
  • 23
    • 0033650550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The skin barrier: Analysis of physiologically important elements and trace elements
    • Forslind B. The skin barrier: analysis of physiologically important elements and trace elements. Acta Dermatovenereol. Suppl. (Stockholm). 208:2000;46-52.
    • (2000) Acta Dermatovenereol. Suppl. (Stockholm) , vol.208 , pp. 46-52
    • Forslind, B.1
  • 26
    • 0032459066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The selection and design of topical and transdermal agents: A review
    • Hadgraft J., Pugh W.J. The selection and design of topical and transdermal agents: a review. J. Invest. Dermatol. (Symp. Proc.). 3:1998;131-135.
    • (1998) J. Invest. Dermatol. (Symp. Proc.) , vol.3 , pp. 131-135
    • Hadgraft, J.1    Pugh, W.J.2
  • 27
    • 0034493157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic effect of enhancers for transdermal drug delivery
    • Mitragotri S. Synergistic effect of enhancers for transdermal drug delivery. Pharm. Res. 17:2000;1354-1359.
    • (2000) Pharm. Res. , vol.17 , pp. 1354-1359
    • Mitragotri, S.1
  • 28
    • 0030716862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug delivery across the skin
    • Cevc G. Drug delivery across the skin. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs. 6:1997;1887-1937.
    • (1997) Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs , vol.6 , pp. 1887-1937
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 29
    • 0035857715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of human skin or epidermis models with human and animal skin in in vitro percutaneous absorption
    • Schmook F.P., Meingassner J.G., Billich A. Comparison of human skin or epidermis models with human and animal skin in in vitro percutaneous absorption. Int. J. Pharm. 215:2001;51-56.
    • (2001) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.215 , pp. 51-56
    • Schmook, F.P.1    Meingassner, J.G.2    Billich, A.3
  • 30
    • 0003843695 scopus 로고
    • J. Kreuter. New York: Marcel Dekker
    • Kreuter J. Colloidal Drug Delivery Systems. 1994;Marcel Dekker, New York.
    • (1994) Colloidal Drug Delivery Systems
  • 31
    • 0030470587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transfersomes, liposomes and other lipid suspensions on the skin: Permeation enhancement, vesicle penetration, and transdermal drug delivery
    • Cevc G. Transfersomes, liposomes and other lipid suspensions on the skin: permeation enhancement, vesicle penetration, and transdermal drug delivery. Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. 13:1996;257-388.
    • (1996) Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. , vol.13 , pp. 257-388
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 33
    • 0034707097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed micelles and other structures in the solubilization ob bilayer lipid membranes by surfactant
    • Almgren M. Mixed micelles and other structures in the solubilization ob bilayer lipid membranes by surfactant. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1508:2000;146-163.
    • (2000) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1508 , pp. 146-163
    • Almgren, M.1
  • 34
    • 0034068626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of membrane/water partition coefficients of detergents with the critical micelle concentration
    • Heerklotz H., Seelig J. Correlation of membrane/water partition coefficients of detergents with the critical micelle concentration. Biophys. J. 78:2000;2435-2440.
    • (2000) Biophys. J. , vol.78 , pp. 2435-2440
    • Heerklotz, H.1    Seelig, J.2
  • 35
    • 0032295624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calorimetric studies of the interactions between micelle-forming and bilayer-forming amphiphiles
    • Kozlov M.M., Opatowski E., Lichtenberg D. Calorimetric studies of the interactions between micelle-forming and bilayer-forming amphiphiles. J. Thermal Anal. 51:1998;173-189.
    • (1998) J. Thermal Anal. , vol.51 , pp. 173-189
    • Kozlov, M.M.1    Opatowski, E.2    Lichtenberg, D.3
  • 37
    • 0028334473 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes and niosomes as topical drug carriers: Dermal and transdermal drug delivery
    • Schreier H., Bouwstra J. Liposomes and niosomes as topical drug carriers: dermal and transdermal drug delivery. J. Control. Release. 30:1994;1-15.
    • (1994) J. Control. Release , vol.30 , pp. 1-15
    • Schreier, H.1    Bouwstra, J.2
  • 38
    • 0030574683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of liposomes with human skin: The role of the stratum
    • Schaller M., Korting H.C. Interaction of liposomes with human skin: the role of the stratum. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 18:1996;303-309.
    • (1996) Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. , vol.18 , pp. 303-309
    • Schaller, M.1    Korting, H.C.2
  • 39
    • 0042227214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overcoming the skin barrier with artificial smart carriers of drugs
    • S.M. Dinh, J. DeNuzzio, & A.R. Comfort. Washington, DC: ACS Books
    • Cevc G. Overcoming the skin barrier with artificial smart carriers of drugs. Dinh S.M., DeNuzzio J., Comfort A.R. Intelligent Materials for Controlled Release Technologies. 1999;70-86 ACS Books, Washington, DC.
    • (1999) Intelligent Materials for Controlled Release Technologies , pp. 70-86
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 40
    • 0035965486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of liposome formulations with human skin in vitro
    • Betz G., Imboden R., Imanidis G. Interaction of liposome formulations with human skin in vitro. Int. J. Pharm. 229:2001;117-129.
    • (2001) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.229 , pp. 117-129
    • Betz, G.1    Imboden, R.2    Imanidis, G.3
  • 41
    • 0037026275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lecithin microemulsions for the topical administration of ketoprofen: Percutaneous adsorption through human skin and in vivo human skin tolerability
    • Paolino D., Ventura C.A., Nistico S., Puglisi G., Fresta M. Lecithin microemulsions for the topical administration of ketoprofen: percutaneous adsorption through human skin and in vivo human skin tolerability. Int. J. Pharm. 244:2002;21-31.
    • (2002) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.244 , pp. 21-31
    • Paolino, D.1    Ventura, C.A.2    Nistico, S.3    Puglisi, G.4    Fresta, M.5
  • 43
    • 0027985574 scopus 로고
    • Epidermal turnover time
    • Hajime I. Epidermal turnover time. J. Dermatol. Sci. 8:1994;215-217.
    • (1994) J. Dermatol. Sci. , vol.8 , pp. 215-217
    • Hajime, I.1
  • 44
    • 0031947751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratum corneum thickness and apparent water diffusivity: Facile and noninvasive quantitation in vivo
    • Pirot F., Kalia Y.N., Berardesca E., Singh M., Maibach H.I., Guy R.H. Stratum corneum thickness and apparent water diffusivity: facile and noninvasive quantitation in vivo. Pharm. Res. 15:1998;490-492.
    • (1998) Pharm. Res. , vol.15 , pp. 490-492
    • Pirot, F.1    Kalia, Y.N.2    Berardesca, E.3    Singh, M.4    Maibach, H.I.5    Guy, R.H.6
  • 45
    • 0028914220 scopus 로고
    • Dermal metabolism of topically applied drugs: Pathways and models reconsidered
    • Steinstraesser I., Merkle H.P. Dermal metabolism of topically applied drugs: pathways and models reconsidered. Pharm. Acta Helv. 70:1995;3-24.
    • (1995) Pharm. Acta Helv. , vol.70 , pp. 3-24
    • Steinstraesser, I.1    Merkle, H.P.2
  • 46
    • 0034616620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling of diffusion and concurrent metabolism in cutaneous tissue
    • Boderke P., Schittkowski K., Wolf M., Merkle H.P. Modeling of diffusion and concurrent metabolism in cutaneous tissue. J. Theor. Biol. 204:2000;393-407.
    • (2000) J. Theor. Biol. , vol.204 , pp. 393-407
    • Boderke, P.1    Schittkowski, K.2    Wolf, M.3    Merkle, H.P.4
  • 48
    • 0029933394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunity at the surface: Homeostatic mechanisms of the skin immune system
    • Williams I.R., Kupper T.S. Immunity at the surface: homeostatic mechanisms of the skin immune system. Life Sci. 58:1996;1485-1507.
    • (1996) Life Sci. , vol.58 , pp. 1485-1507
    • Williams, I.R.1    Kupper, T.S.2
  • 50
    • 0030886388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of solute permeation through the stratum corneum: Lateral bilayer diffusion as the primary transport mechanism
    • Johnson M., Blankschtein D., Langer R. Evaluation of solute permeation through the stratum corneum: lateral bilayer diffusion as the primary transport mechanism. J. Pharm. Sci. 86:1997;1162-1172.
    • (1997) J. Pharm. Sci. , vol.86 , pp. 1162-1172
    • Johnson, M.1    Blankschtein, D.2    Langer, R.3
  • 51
    • 0019775120 scopus 로고
    • The pattern of cellular organization of human epidermis
    • Mackenzie ICK Z., Peterson L. The pattern of cellular organization of human epidermis. J. Invest. Dermatol. 76:1981;459-461.
    • (1981) J. Invest. Dermatol. , vol.76 , pp. 459-461
    • MacKenzie Ick, Z.1    Peterson, L.2
  • 52
    • 0035783333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visualization of the lipid barrier and measurement of lipid pathlength in human stratum corneum
    • (Article 13) (an internet publication).
    • P.S. Talreja, G.B. Kasting, N.K. Kleene, W.L. Pickens, T.-F. Wang, Visualization of the lipid barrier and measurement of lipid pathlength in human stratum corneum, AAPS Pharm. Sci. 3 (2001) (Article 13) (an internet publication).
    • (2001) AAPS Pharm. Sci. , vol.3
    • Talreja, P.S.1    Kasting, G.B.2    Kleene, N.K.3    Pickens, W.L.4    Wang, T.-F.5
  • 53
    • 0347147111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of transdermal intercluster gaps in human epidermis with the help of highly deformable lipid vesicles (Transfersomes®) and confocal laser scanning microscopy
    • Fesq H H.P., Richardsen H., Cevc G., Ring J., Abeck D. Detection of transdermal intercluster gaps in human epidermis with the help of highly deformable lipid vesicles (Transfersomes®) and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Arch. Derm. Res. 291:1999;130.
    • (1999) Arch. Derm. Res. , vol.291 , pp. 130
    • Fesq, H.H.P.1    Richardsen, H.2    Cevc, G.3    Ring, J.4    Abeck, D.5
  • 54
    • 0027535630 scopus 로고
    • Structural relationship between epidermal lipid lamellae, lamellar bodies and desmosomes in human epidermis: An ultrastructural study
    • Fartasch M., Bassukas I.D., Diepgen T.L. Structural relationship between epidermal lipid lamellae, lamellar bodies and desmosomes in human epidermis: an ultrastructural study. Br. J. Dermatol. 128:1993;1-9.
    • (1993) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.128 , pp. 1-9
    • Fartasch, M.1    Bassukas, I.D.2    Diepgen, T.L.3
  • 56
    • 0027535630 scopus 로고
    • Structural relationship between epidermal lipid lamellae, lammelar bodies and desmosomes in human epidermis: An ultrastructural study
    • Fartasch M., Bassukas I.D., Diepgen T.L. Structural relationship between epidermal lipid lamellae, lammelar bodies and desmosomes in human epidermis: an ultrastructural study. Br. J. Dermatol. 128:1993;1-9.
    • (1993) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.128 , pp. 1-9
    • Fartasch, M.1    Bassukas, I.D.2    Diepgen, T.L.3
  • 58
    • 0023068117 scopus 로고
    • Covalently bound w-hydroxyacylsphingosine in the stratum corneum
    • Wertz W., Downing D.T. Covalently bound w-hydroxyacylsphingosine in the stratum corneum. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 917:1987;108-111.
    • (1987) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.917 , pp. 108-111
    • Wertz, W.1    Downing, D.T.2
  • 61
    • 0025689599 scopus 로고
    • Optimization of topical therapy: Partitioning of drugs into stratum corneum
    • Surber C., Wilhelm K.P., Hori M., Maibach H.I., Guy R.H. Optimization of topical therapy: partitioning of drugs into stratum corneum. Pharm. Res. 7:1990;1320-1324.
    • (1990) Pharm. Res. , vol.7 , pp. 1320-1324
    • Surber, C.1    Wilhelm, K.P.2    Hori, M.3    Maibach, H.I.4    Guy, R.H.5
  • 62
    • 0027208058 scopus 로고
    • Solute molecular size and transdermal iontophoresis across excised human skin
    • Yoshida N.H., Roberts M.S. Solute molecular size and transdermal iontophoresis across excised human skin. J. Control. Release. 25:1993;177-195.
    • (1993) J. Control. Release , vol.25 , pp. 177-195
    • Yoshida, N.H.1    Roberts, M.S.2
  • 63
    • 0028898732 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative structure-activity relationships for skin permeability
    • Barratt M.D. Quantitative structure-activity relationships for skin permeability. Toxicol. Vitro. 9:1995;27-37.
    • (1995) Toxicol. Vitro , vol.9 , pp. 27-37
    • Barratt, M.D.1
  • 64
    • 0033038344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the mechanism of flux across human skin in vitro by quantitative structure-permeability relationships
    • Cronin M.T.D., Dearden J.C., Moss G.P., Murray-Dickson G. Investigation of the mechanism of flux across human skin in vitro by quantitative structure-permeability relationships. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 7:1999;325-330.
    • (1999) Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. , vol.7 , pp. 325-330
    • Cronin, M.T.D.1    Dearden, J.C.2    Moss, G.P.3    Murray-Dickson, G.4
  • 68
    • 0030716862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug delivery across the skin
    • Cevc G. Drug delivery across the skin. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs. 6:1997;1887-1937.
    • (1997) Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs , vol.6 , pp. 1887-1937
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 69
    • 0033006887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iontophoresis and electroporation: Comparisons and contrasts
    • Banga A.K., Bose S., Ghosh T.K. Iontophoresis and electroporation: comparisons and contrasts. Int. J. Pharm. 179:1999;1-19.
    • (1999) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.179 , pp. 1-19
    • Banga, A.K.1    Bose, S.2    Ghosh, T.K.3
  • 71
    • 0029071855 scopus 로고
    • The use of ultrasound as an enhancer for transcutaneous drug delivery: Phonophoresis
    • Byl N.N. The use of ultrasound as an enhancer for transcutaneous drug delivery: phonophoresis. Phys. Ther. 75:1995;539-553.
    • (1995) Phys. Ther. , vol.75 , pp. 539-553
    • Byl, N.N.1
  • 72
    • 0010777191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrasound and transdermal transport for drug delivery and diagnostics
    • Kost J. Ultrasound and transdermal transport for drug delivery and diagnostics. Pharma Tech. 2001;196-202.
    • (2001) Pharma Tech. , pp. 196-202
    • Kost, J.1
  • 73
    • 12244273697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A theoretical analysis of low-frequency sonophoresis: Dependence of transdermal transport pathways on frequency and energy density
    • Tezel A., Sens A., Mitragotri S. A theoretical analysis of low-frequency sonophoresis: dependence of transdermal transport pathways on frequency and energy density. Pharm. Res. 19:2002;1841-1846.
    • (2002) Pharm. Res. , vol.19 , pp. 1841-1846
    • Tezel, A.1    Sens, A.2    Mitragotri, S.3
  • 74
    • 0027379355 scopus 로고
    • Electroporation of mammalian skin: A mechanism to enhance transdermal drug delivery
    • Prausnitz M.R., Bose V.G., Langer R., Weaver J.C. Electroporation of mammalian skin: a mechanism to enhance transdermal drug delivery. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 90:1993;10504-10508.
    • (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.90 , pp. 10504-10508
    • Prausnitz, M.R.1    Bose, V.G.2    Langer, R.3    Weaver, J.C.4
  • 75
    • 0032008094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intradermal DNA immunization of mice against influenza a virus using the novel PowderJect® system
    • Degano S., Sarphie D.F., Bangham C.R.M. Intradermal DNA immunization of mice against influenza A virus using the novel PowderJect® system. Vaccine. 16:1998;394-398.
    • (1998) Vaccine , vol.16 , pp. 394-398
    • Degano, S.1    Sarphie, D.F.2    Bangham, C.R.M.3
  • 77
    • 0032879349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunization via hair follicles by topical application of naked DNA to normal skin
    • Fan H., Lin Q., Morrissey G.R., Khavari P.A. Immunization via hair follicles by topical application of naked DNA to normal skin. Nat. Biotechnol. 17:1999;870-872.
    • (1999) Nat. Biotechnol. , vol.17 , pp. 870-872
    • Fan, H.1    Lin, Q.2    Morrissey, G.R.3    Khavari, P.A.4
  • 79
    • 0027056454 scopus 로고
    • Product-delivering liposomes specifically target hair follicles in histocultured intact skin
    • L. Li, V. Lishko, L. Margolis, V.K.R. Hoffman, Product-delivering liposomes specifically target hair follicles in histocultured intact skin (letter), In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. 28A (1992) 679-681.
    • (1992) In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. , vol.28 A , pp. 679-681
    • Li, L.1    Lishko, V.2    Margolis, L.3    Hoffman, V.K.R.4
  • 81
    • 0029143514 scopus 로고
    • Influence of nonionic liposomal composition on topical delivery of peptide drugs into pilosebaceous units: An in vivo study using the hamster ear model
    • Niemiec S.M., Ramachandran C., Weiner N. Influence of nonionic liposomal composition on topical delivery of peptide drugs into pilosebaceous units: an in vivo study using the hamster ear model. Pharm. Res. 12:1995;1184-1188.
    • (1995) Pharm. Res. , vol.12 , pp. 1184-1188
    • Niemiec, S.M.1    Ramachandran, C.2    Weiner, N.3
  • 82
    • 0031081007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical liposome delivery of molecules to hair follicles in mice
    • Li L., Hoffman R.M. Topical liposome delivery of molecules to hair follicles in mice. J. Dermatol. Sci. 14:1997;101-108.
    • (1997) J. Dermatol. Sci. , vol.14 , pp. 101-108
    • Li, L.1    Hoffman, R.M.2
  • 84
    • 0025325427 scopus 로고
    • Transport mechanisms in iontophoresis. I. A theoretical model for the effect of electroosmotic flow on flux enhancement in transdermal iontophoresis
    • Pikal M.J. Transport mechanisms in iontophoresis. I. A theoretical model for the effect of electroosmotic flow on flux enhancement in transdermal iontophoresis. Pharm. Res. 7:1990;118-126.
    • (1990) Pharm. Res. , vol.7 , pp. 118-126
    • Pikal, M.J.1
  • 85
    • 0026607192 scopus 로고
    • Iontophoretic permeability of polyethylene glycols through hairless rat skin: Application of hydrodynamic theory for hindered transport through liquid-filled pores
    • Ruddy S.B., Hadzija B.W. Iontophoretic permeability of polyethylene glycols through hairless rat skin: application of hydrodynamic theory for hindered transport through liquid-filled pores. Drug Des. Discov. 8:1992;207-224.
    • (1992) Drug Des. Discov. , vol.8 , pp. 207-224
    • Ruddy, S.B.1    Hadzija, B.W.2
  • 86
    • 0030470587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transfersomes®, liposomes and other lipid suspensions on the skin: Permeation enhancement, vesicle penetration, and transdermal drug delivery
    • Cevc G. Transfersomes®, liposomes and other lipid suspensions on the skin: permeation enhancement, vesicle penetration, and transdermal drug delivery. Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. 13:1996;257-388.
    • (1996) Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. , vol.13 , pp. 257-388
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 87
    • 0031898536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-uniform cellular packing of the stratum corneum and permeability barrier function of intact skin: A high-resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy study using highly deformable vesicles (Transfersomes)
    • Schätzlein A., Cevc G. Non-uniform cellular packing of the stratum corneum and permeability barrier function of intact skin: a high-resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy study using highly deformable vesicles (Transfersomes). Br. J. Dermatol. 138:1998;583-592.
    • (1998) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.138 , pp. 583-592
    • Schätzlein, A.1    Cevc, G.2
  • 88
    • 0030249669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanistic model for transdermal transport including iontophoresis
    • Kontturi K., Murtomaeki L. Mechanistic model for transdermal transport including iontophoresis. J. Control. Release. 41:1996;177-185.
    • (1996) J. Control. Release , vol.41 , pp. 177-185
    • Kontturi, K.1    Murtomaeki, L.2
  • 89
    • 0344158803 scopus 로고
    • Oleyl surfactants as skin penetration enhancers. Effects on human stratum corneum permeability and in vitro toxicity to cultured human skin cells
    • K. Walters, & J. Hadgraft. New York: Marcel Dekker
    • Kadir R., Tiemessen H.L.G.M., Ponec M., Junginger H.E., Bodde H.E. Oleyl surfactants as skin penetration enhancers. Effects on human stratum corneum permeability and in vitro toxicity to cultured human skin cells. Walters K., Hadgraft J. Pharmaceutical Skin Penetration Enhancement. 1993;215-227 Marcel Dekker, New York.
    • (1993) Pharmaceutical Skin Penetration Enhancement , pp. 215-227
    • Kadir, R.1    Tiemessen, H.L.G.M.2    Ponec, M.3    Junginger, H.E.4    Bodde, H.E.5
  • 91
    • 0036152828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological changes in skin barrier function in relation to occlusion level, exposure time and climatic conditions
    • Schaefer P., Bewick-Sonntag C., Capri M.G., Berardesca E. Physiological changes in skin barrier function in relation to occlusion level, exposure time and climatic conditions. Skin Pharmacol. Appl. Skin Physiol. 15:2002;7-19.
    • (2002) Skin Pharmacol. Appl. Skin Physiol. , vol.15 , pp. 7-19
    • Schaefer, P.1    Bewick-Sonntag, C.2    Capri, M.G.3    Berardesca, E.4
  • 92
    • 0035132862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of skin occlusion on percutaneous absorption: An overview
    • Zhai H., Maibach H.I. Effects of skin occlusion on percutaneous absorption: an overview. Skin Pharmacol. Appl. Skin Physiol. 14:2001;1-10.
    • (2001) Skin Pharmacol. Appl. Skin Physiol. , vol.14 , pp. 1-10
    • Zhai, H.1    Maibach, H.I.2
  • 95
    • 0002954097 scopus 로고
    • Lipid polymorphism
    • Cevc G. New York: Marcel Dekker
    • Cevc G., Seddon J.M. Lipid polymorphism. Cevc G. Phospholipid Handbook. vol. 1:1993;403-454 Marcel Dekker, New York.
    • (1993) Phospholipid Handbook , vol.1 , pp. 403-454
    • Cevc, G.1    Seddon, J.M.2
  • 96
    • 37049069505 scopus 로고
    • Hydration force and the interfacial structure of the polar surface
    • Cevc G. Hydration force and the interfacial structure of the polar surface. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 87:1991;2733-2739.
    • (1991) J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. , vol.87 , pp. 2733-2739
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 97
    • 33751155218 scopus 로고
    • Effects of the interfacial structure on the hydration force between laterally non-uniform surfaces
    • Cevc G., Hauser M., Kornyshev A.A. Effects of the interfacial structure on the hydration force between laterally non-uniform surfaces. Langmuir. 11:1995;3103-3110.
    • (1995) Langmuir , vol.11 , pp. 3103-3110
    • Cevc, G.1    Hauser, M.2    Kornyshev, A.A.3
  • 98
    • 0001576450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elasticity of "fuzzy" biomembranes
    • Evans E., Rawicz W. Elasticity of "Fuzzy" biomembranes. Phys. Rev. Lett. 79:1997;2379-2382.
    • (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.79 , pp. 2379-2382
    • Evans, E.1    Rawicz, W.2
  • 99
    • 0001613032 scopus 로고
    • Colloidal and phase behaviour of biomacromolecules interdepend and are regulated by the supramolecular surface polarity. Examples with lipid bilayer membranes
    • Cevc G. Colloidal and phase behaviour of biomacromolecules interdepend and are regulated by the supramolecular surface polarity. Examples with lipid bilayer membranes. J. Physique. 50:1989;1117-1134.
    • (1989) J. Physique , vol.50 , pp. 1117-1134
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 100
    • 0017871649 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of repulsive forces between charged phospholipid bilayers
    • Cowley A.C., Fuller N.L., Rand R.P., Parsegian V.A. Measurement of repulsive forces between charged phospholipid bilayers. Biochemistry. 17:1978;3163-3168.
    • (1978) Biochemistry , vol.17 , pp. 3163-3168
    • Cowley, A.C.1    Fuller, N.L.2    Rand, R.P.3    Parsegian, V.A.4
  • 101
    • 0001170048 scopus 로고
    • Thermal-mechanical fluctuations enhance repulsion between biomolecular layers
    • Evans E.A., Parsegian V.A. Thermal-mechanical fluctuations enhance repulsion between biomolecular layers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 83:1986;7132-7136.
    • (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.83 , pp. 7132-7136
    • Evans, E.A.1    Parsegian, V.A.2
  • 102
    • 0025871483 scopus 로고
    • Does hydration affect intercellular lipid organization in the stratum corneum?
    • Mak V.H.W., Potts R.O., Guy R.H. Does hydration affect intercellular lipid organization in the stratum corneum? Pharm. Res. 8:1991;1064-1065.
    • (1991) Pharm. Res. , vol.8 , pp. 1064-1065
    • Mak, V.H.W.1    Potts, R.O.2    Guy, R.H.3
  • 103
    • 0022660380 scopus 로고
    • Size distributions of vesicles: The role of the effective rigidity of membranes
    • Helfrich W. Size distributions of vesicles: the role of the effective rigidity of membranes. J. Physique. 47:1986;321-329.
    • (1986) J. Physique , vol.47 , pp. 321-329
    • Helfrich, W.1
  • 104
    • 0018799848 scopus 로고
    • Time-dependent changes in the size distribution of distearoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles
    • Larrabee A.L. Time-dependent changes in the size distribution of distearoylphosphatidylcholine vesicles. Biochemistry. 18:1979;3321-3326.
    • (1979) Biochemistry , vol.18 , pp. 3321-3326
    • Larrabee, A.L.1
  • 105
    • 0001889786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The next generation after the liposomes: Solid lipid nano particles (SLN®, LipopearlsTM) as dermal carrier in cosmetics
    • Müller R.H., Dingler A. The next generation after the liposomes: solid lipid nano particles (SLN®, LipopearlsTM) as dermal carrier in cosmetics. Eurocosmetics. 7/8:1998;19-26.
    • (1998) Eurocosmetics , vol.78 , pp. 19-26
    • Müller, R.H.1    Dingler, A.2
  • 106
    • 0030866983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicochemical characterization of lipid nanoparticles and evaluation of their drug loading capacity and sustained release potential
    • Westesen K B.H., Koch M.H.J. Physicochemical characterization of lipid nanoparticles and evaluation of their drug loading capacity and sustained release potential. J. Control. Release. 48:1997;223-236.
    • (1997) J. Control. Release , vol.48 , pp. 223-236
    • Westesen, K.B.H.1    Koch, M.H.J.2
  • 110
    • 0024832063 scopus 로고
    • Ethanol: Water mutually enhanced transdermal therapeutic system II: Skin permeation of ethanol and nitroglycerin
    • Berner B., Mazzenga G.C., Otte J.H., Steffens R.J., Juang R.H., Ebert C.D. Ethanol: water mutually enhanced transdermal therapeutic system II: skin permeation of ethanol and nitroglycerin. J. Pharm. Sci. 78:1989;402.
    • (1989) J. Pharm. Sci. , vol.78 , pp. 402
    • Berner, B.1    Mazzenga, G.C.2    Otte, J.H.3    Steffens, R.J.4    Juang, R.H.5    Ebert, C.D.6
  • 111
    • 0028070307 scopus 로고
    • Solute effects on the colloidal and phase behavior of lipid bilayer membranes: Ethanol-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine mixtures
    • Vierl U., Lobbecke L., Nagel N., Cevc G. Solute effects on the colloidal and phase behavior of lipid bilayer membranes: ethanol- dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine mixtures. Biophys. J. 67:1994;1067-1079.
    • (1994) Biophys. J. , vol.67 , pp. 1067-1079
    • Vierl, U.1    Lobbecke, L.2    Nagel, N.3    Cevc, G.4
  • 113
    • 0029019001 scopus 로고
    • Effects of short-chain alcohols on the phase behavior and interdigitation of phosphatidylcholine bilayer membranes
    • Loebbecke L.L., Cevc G. Effects of short-chain alcohols on the phase behavior and interdigitation of phosphatidylcholine bilayer membranes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1237:1995;59-69.
    • (1995) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1237 , pp. 59-69
    • Loebbecke, L.L.1    Cevc, G.2
  • 114
    • 0029088548 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of detergents with lipid vesicles
    • Lasch J. Interaction of detergents with lipid vesicles. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1241:1995;269-292.
    • (1995) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1241 , pp. 269-292
    • Lasch, J.1
  • 115
    • 0026102060 scopus 로고
    • Isothermal lipid phase transitions
    • Cevc G. Isothermal lipid phase transitions. Chem. Phys. Lipids. 57:1991;293-307.
    • (1991) Chem. Phys. Lipids , vol.57 , pp. 293-307
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 116
    • 6144247394 scopus 로고
    • Universality in interacting membranes: The effect of cosurfactants on the interfacial rigidity
    • Safinya C.R., Sirota E.B., Roux D., Smith G.S. Universality in interacting membranes: the effect of cosurfactants on the interfacial rigidity. Phys. Rev. Lett. 62:1989;1134-1137.
    • (1989) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.62 , pp. 1134-1137
    • Safinya, C.R.1    Sirota, E.B.2    Roux, D.3    Smith, G.S.4
  • 117
    • 0030949722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of cholesterol on phospholipid membrane curvature and bending elasticity
    • Chen Z., Rand R.P. The influence of cholesterol on phospholipid membrane curvature and bending elasticity. Biophys. J. 73:1997;267-276.
    • (1997) Biophys. J. , vol.73 , pp. 267-276
    • Chen, Z.1    Rand, R.P.2
  • 119
    • 33845278244 scopus 로고
    • Microstructure of microemulsions by freeze fracture microscopy
    • Jahn W., Strey R. Microstructure of microemulsions by freeze fracture microscopy. J. Phys. Chem. 92:1988;2294-2301.
    • (1988) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.92 , pp. 2294-2301
    • Jahn, W.1    Strey, R.2
  • 121
    • 0030901588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modification of drug penetration into human skin using microemulsions
    • Schmalfuß U., Neubert R., Wohlrab W. Modification of drug penetration into human skin using microemulsions. J. Control. Release. 46:1997;279-285.
    • (1997) J. Control. Release , vol.46 , pp. 279-285
    • Schmalfuß, U.1    Neubert, R.2    Wohlrab, W.3
  • 122
    • 0025952915 scopus 로고
    • Effect of supersaturation on membrane transport: 1. Hydrocortisone acetate
    • Davis A.F., Hadgraft J. Effect of supersaturation on membrane transport: 1. Hydrocortisone acetate. Int. J. Pharm. 76:1991;1-8.
    • (1991) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.76 , pp. 1-8
    • Davis, A.F.1    Hadgraft, J.2
  • 123
    • 0030899727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The penetration of supersaturated solutions of piroxicam across silicone membranes and human skin in vitro
    • Pellett M.A., Castellano S., Hadgraft J., Davis A.F. The penetration of supersaturated solutions of piroxicam across silicone membranes and human skin in vitro. J. Control. Release. 46:1997;205-214.
    • (1997) J. Control. Release , vol.46 , pp. 205-214
    • Pellett, M.A.1    Castellano, S.2    Hadgraft, J.3    Davis, A.F.4
  • 124
    • 0000828670 scopus 로고
    • Driven transport of fluid vesicles through narrow pores
    • Gompper G., Kroll D.M. Driven transport of fluid vesicles through narrow pores. Phys. Rev. E. 52:1995;4198-4208.
    • (1995) Phys. Rev. e , vol.52 , pp. 4198-4208
    • Gompper, G.1    Kroll, D.M.2
  • 125
    • 0000507362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stability of cylindrical vesicles under axial tension
    • Bukman D.J., Yao J.H., Wortis M. Stability of cylindrical vesicles under axial tension. Phys. Rev. E. 54:1996;5463-5468.
    • (1996) Phys. Rev. e , vol.54 , pp. 5463-5468
    • Bukman, D.J.1    Yao, J.H.2    Wortis, M.3
  • 126
    • 0347567076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overcoming semi-permeable barriers, such as the skin, with ultradeformable mixed lipid vesicles, Transfersomes®, liposomes or mixed lipid micelles
    • Cevc G., Schätzlein A., Richardsen H., Vierl U. Overcoming semi-permeable barriers, such as the skin, with ultradeformable mixed lipid vesicles, Transfersomes®, liposomes or mixed lipid micelles. Langmuir. 19:2003;10753-10763.
    • (2003) Langmuir , vol.19 , pp. 10753-10763
    • Cevc, G.1    Schätzlein, A.2    Richardsen, H.3    Vierl, U.4
  • 127
    • 0024291333 scopus 로고
    • Structure and mechanical properties of giant lipid (DMPC) vesicle bilayers from 20 below to 10 °c above the liquid-crystalline phase transition at 24 °c
    • Needham D., Evans E. Structure and mechanical properties of giant lipid (DMPC) vesicle bilayers from 20 below to 10 °C above the liquid-crystalline phase transition at 24 °C. Biochemistry. 27:1988;8261-8269.
    • (1988) Biochemistry , vol.27 , pp. 8261-8269
    • Needham, D.1    Evans, E.2
  • 128
    • 0037305870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydration driven transport of deformable lipid vesicles through fine pores and the skin barrier
    • Cevc G., Gebauer D. Hydration driven transport of deformable lipid vesicles through fine pores and the skin barrier. Biophys. J. 84:2003;1010-1024.
    • (2003) Biophys. J. , vol.84 , pp. 1010-1024
    • Cevc, G.1    Gebauer, D.2
  • 129
    • 0030470587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transfersomes, liposomes and other lipid suspensions on the skin: Permeation enhancement, vesicle penetration, and transdermal drug delivery
    • Cevc G. Transfersomes, liposomes and other lipid suspensions on the skin: permeation enhancement, vesicle penetration, and transdermal drug delivery. Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. 13:1996;257-388.
    • (1996) Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. , vol.13 , pp. 257-388
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 132
    • 0030031479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transdermal iontophoretic delivery of enkephalin formulated in liposomes
    • Vutla N.B., Betageri G.V., Banga A.K. Transdermal iontophoretic delivery of enkephalin formulated in liposomes. J. Pharm. Sci. 85:1996;5-8.
    • (1996) J. Pharm. Sci. , vol.85 , pp. 5-8
    • Vutla, N.B.1    Betageri, G.V.2    Banga, A.K.3
  • 133
    • 0037142218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iontophoretic estradiol skin delivery and tritium exchange in ultradeformable liposomes
    • Essa E.A., Bonner M.C., Barry B.W. Iontophoretic estradiol skin delivery and tritium exchange in ultradeformable liposomes. Int. J. Pharm. 240:2002;55-66.
    • (2002) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.240 , pp. 55-66
    • Essa, E.A.1    Bonner, M.C.2    Barry, B.W.3
  • 134
    • 0034751505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of elastic liquid-state vesicle on apomorphine iontophoresis transport through human skin in vitro
    • Li G.L., Danhof M., Bouwstra J.A. Effect of elastic liquid-state vesicle on apomorphine iontophoresis transport through human skin in vitro. Pharm. Res. 18:2001;1627-1630.
    • (2001) Pharm. Res. , vol.18 , pp. 1627-1630
    • Li, G.L.1    Danhof, M.2    Bouwstra, J.A.3
  • 135
    • 0025785005 scopus 로고
    • Examination of the effect of ethanol on human straum corneum in vivo using infrared spectroscopy
    • Bommannan D., Potts R.O., Guy R.H. Examination of the effect of ethanol on human straum corneum in vivo using infrared spectroscopy. J. Control. Release. 16:1991;299-304.
    • (1991) J. Control. Release , vol.16 , pp. 299-304
    • Bommannan, D.1    Potts, R.O.2    Guy, R.H.3
  • 136
    • 0027217095 scopus 로고
    • Destabilization of egg lecithin liposomes on the skin after topical application measured by perturbed gamma gamma angular correlation spectroscopy (PAC) with 111In
    • Schubert R., Joos M., Deicher M., Magerle R., Lasch J. Destabilization of egg lecithin liposomes on the skin after topical application measured by perturbed gamma gamma angular correlation spectroscopy (PAC) with 111In. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1150:1993;162-164.
    • (1993) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1150 , pp. 162-164
    • Schubert, R.1    Joos, M.2    Deicher, M.3    Magerle, R.4    Lasch, J.5
  • 138
    • 0029128104 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of phosphatidylcholine liposomes with the human stratum corneum
    • Zellmer S., Pfeil W., Lasch J. Interaction of phosphatidylcholine liposomes with the human stratum corneum. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1237:1995;176-182.
    • (1995) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1237 , pp. 176-182
    • Zellmer, S.1    Pfeil, W.2    Lasch, J.3
  • 139
    • 0029061075 scopus 로고
    • Interactions between liposomes and human stratum corneum in vitro: Freeze fracture electron microscopical visualization and small angle X-ray scattering studies
    • Hofland H.E.J., Bouwstra J.A., Bodde H.E., Spies F., Junginger H.E. Interactions between liposomes and human stratum corneum in vitro: freeze fracture electron microscopical visualization and small angle X-ray scattering studies. Br. J. Dermatol. 132:1995;853-856.
    • (1995) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.132 , pp. 853-856
    • Hofland, H.E.J.1    Bouwstra, J.A.2    Bodde, H.E.3    Spies, F.4    Junginger, H.E.5
  • 140
    • 0029115303 scopus 로고
    • Interactions of external lipids (lipid vesicles) with the skin
    • Lasch J., Bouwstra J. Interactions of external lipids (lipid vesicles) with the skin. J. Liposome Res. 5:1995;543-569.
    • (1995) J. Liposome Res. , vol.5 , pp. 543-569
    • Lasch, J.1    Bouwstra, J.2
  • 142
    • 0004939419 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the structure of the human stratum corneum induced by liposomes
    • O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Kortung, & H.I. Maybach. Berlin: Springer
    • Bouwstra J.A., Hofland H.E.J., Spies F., Gooris G.S., Junginger H.E. Changes in the structure of the human stratum corneum induced by liposomes. Braun-Falco O., Kortung H.C., Maybach H.I. Liposome Dermatics. 1992;121-136 Springer, Berlin.
    • (1992) Liposome Dermatics , pp. 121-136
    • Bouwstra, J.A.1    Hofland, H.E.J.2    Spies, F.3    Gooris, G.S.4    Junginger, H.E.5
  • 143
    • 0028952639 scopus 로고
    • Interactions of liposomes with the human skin lipid barrier: HSCLLs as model system-DSC of intact stratum corneum and in situ of human skin
    • Lasch J., Zellmer S., Pfeil W., Schubert R. Interactions of liposomes with the human skin lipid barrier: hSCLLs as model system-DSC of intact stratum corneum and in situ of human skin. J. Liposome Res. 5:1995;99-108.
    • (1995) J. Liposome Res. , vol.5 , pp. 99-108
    • Lasch, J.1    Zellmer, S.2    Pfeil, W.3    Schubert, R.4
  • 144
    • 0031723892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstructed human skin as model for liposome-skin interaction
    • Zellmer S., Reissig D., Lasch J. Reconstructed human skin as model for liposome-skin interaction. J. Control. Release. 55:1998;271-279.
    • (1998) J. Control. Release , vol.55 , pp. 271-279
    • Zellmer, S.1    Reissig, D.2    Lasch, J.3
  • 145
    • 0035927246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of liposomes and niosomes on skin permeation of enoxacin
    • Jia-You Fang C.-T.H., Chiu W.-T., Wang Y.-Y. Effect of liposomes and niosomes on skin permeation of enoxacin. Int. J. Pharm. 219:2001;61-72.
    • (2001) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.219 , pp. 61-72
    • Jia-You Fang, C.-T.H.1    Chiu, W.-T.2    Wang, Y.-Y.3
  • 146
    • 0034863372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skin delivery of 5-fluorouracil from ultradeformable and standard liposomes in vitro
    • El Maghraby G.M.M., Williams A.C., Barry B.W. Skin delivery of 5-fluorouracil from ultradeformable and standard liposomes in vitro. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 53:2001;1069-1077.
    • (2001) J. Pharm. Pharmacol. , vol.53 , pp. 1069-1077
    • El Maghraby, G.M.M.1    Williams, A.C.2    Barry, B.W.3
  • 147
    • 0033951387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oestradiol skin delivery from ultradeformable liposomes: Refinement of surfactant concentration
    • El Maghraby G.M., Williams A.C., Barry B.W. Oestradiol skin delivery from ultradeformable liposomes: refinement of surfactant concentration. Int. J. Pharm. 196:2000;63-74.
    • (2000) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.196 , pp. 63-74
    • El Maghraby, G.M.1    Williams, A.C.2    Barry, B.W.3
  • 148
    • 0033819278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced delivery of drugs into and across the skin by ethosomal carriers
    • Touitou E., Godin B., Weiss C. Enhanced delivery of drugs into and across the skin by ethosomal carriers. Drug Dev. Res. 50:2000;406-415.
    • (2000) Drug Dev. Res. , vol.50 , pp. 406-415
    • Touitou, E.1    Godin, B.2    Weiss, C.3
  • 149
    • 0033996247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethosomes-novel vesicular carriers for enhanced delivery: Characterization and skin penetration properties
    • Touitou E., Dayan N., Bergelson L., Godin B., Eliaz M. Ethosomes-novel vesicular carriers for enhanced delivery: characterization and skin penetration properties. J. Control. Release. 65:2000;403-418.
    • (2000) J. Control. Release , vol.65 , pp. 403-418
    • Touitou, E.1    Dayan, N.2    Bergelson, L.3    Godin, B.4    Eliaz, M.5
  • 150
    • 0034119958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carriers for skin delivery of trihexyphenidyl HCl: Ethosomes vs. liposomes
    • Dayan N., Touitou E. Carriers for skin delivery of trihexyphenidyl HCl: ethosomes vs. liposomes. Biomaterials. 21:2000;1879-1885.
    • (2000) Biomaterials , vol.21 , pp. 1879-1885
    • Dayan, N.1    Touitou, E.2
  • 151
    • 1542275153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Passive and iontophoretic skin delivery of estradiol from ultradeformable liposomes
    • E. Essa, M. Bonner, V. Barry, Passive and iontophoretic skin delivery of estradiol from ultradeformable liposomes, British Pharmaceutical Conference 2001, p. 62.
    • (2001) British Pharmaceutical Conference , pp. 62
    • Essa, E.1    Bonner, M.2    Barry, V.3
  • 152
    • 0032545780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultraflexible vesicles, Transfersomes, have an extremely low pore penetration resistance and transport therapeutic amounts of insulin across the intact mammalian skin
    • Cevc G., Gebauer D., Stieber J., Schätzlein A., Blume G. Ultraflexible vesicles, Transfersomes, have an extremely low pore penetration resistance and transport therapeutic amounts of insulin across the intact mammalian skin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1368:1998;201-215.
    • (1998) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1368 , pp. 201-215
    • Cevc, G.1    Gebauer, D.2    Stieber, J.3    Schätzlein, A.4    Blume, G.5
  • 153
    • 0032484226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of vesicles to rat skin in vivo: A confocal laser scanning microscopy study
    • M.E.M.J. van Kuijk-Meuwissen, H.E. Junginger, J.A. Bouwstra, Application of vesicles to rat skin in vivo: a confocal laser scanning microscopy study, J. Control. Release 56 (1998) 189-196.
    • (1998) J. Control. Release , vol.56 , pp. 189-196
    • Van Kuijk-Meuwissen, M.E.M.J.1    Junginger, H.E.2    Bouwstra, J.A.3
  • 154
    • 0037136041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultradeformable lipid vesicles can penetrate the skin and other semi-permeable barriers unfragmented. Evidence from double label CLSM experiments and direct size measurements
    • Cevc G., Schatzlein A., Richardsen H. Ultradeformable lipid vesicles can penetrate the skin and other semi-permeable barriers unfragmented. Evidence from double label CLSM experiments and direct size measurements. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1564:2002;21-30.
    • (2002) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1564 , pp. 21-30
    • Cevc, G.1    Schatzlein, A.2    Richardsen, H.3
  • 155
    • 0028091133 scopus 로고
    • The influence of in vivo treatment of skin with liposomes on the topical absorption of a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic drug in vitro
    • du Plessis J W.N., Müller D.G. The influence of in vivo treatment of skin with liposomes on the topical absorption of a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic drug in vitro. Int. J. Pharm. 103:1994;R1-R5.
    • (1994) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.103
    • Du Plessis, J.W.N.1    Müller, D.G.2
  • 156
    • 2942588610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratum corneum lipids liposomes for the topical delivery of 5-aminolevulinic acid in photodynamic therapy of skin cancer: Preparation and in vitro permeation study
    • Pierre M.B., Tedesco A.C., Marchetti J.M., Bentley M.V. Stratum corneum lipids liposomes for the topical delivery of 5-aminolevulinic acid in photodynamic therapy of skin cancer: preparation and in vitro permeation study. BMC Dermatol. 1:2001;5.
    • (2001) BMC Dermatol. , vol.1 , pp. 5
    • Pierre, M.B.1    Tedesco, A.C.2    Marchetti, J.M.3    Bentley, M.V.4
  • 157
    • 0031575544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid dermal delivery with skin-lipid liposomes
    • Fresta M., Puglisi G. Corticosteroid dermal delivery with skin-lipid liposomes. J. Control. Release. 44:1997;141-151.
    • (1997) J. Control. Release , vol.44 , pp. 141-151
    • Fresta, M.1    Puglisi, G.2
  • 158
    • 0022577150 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of penetration enhancement of lidocaine by nonionic surfactants through hairless mouse skin in vitro
    • Sarpotdar P.P., Zatz J.L. Evaluation of penetration enhancement of lidocaine by nonionic surfactants through hairless mouse skin in vitro. J. Pharm. Sci. 75:1986;176-181.
    • (1986) J. Pharm. Sci. , vol.75 , pp. 176-181
    • Sarpotdar, P.P.1    Zatz, J.L.2
  • 159
    • 0023691041 scopus 로고
    • Non-ionic surfactant effects on hairless mouse skin permeability characteristics
    • Walters K.A., Walker M., Olejnik O. Non-ionic surfactant effects on hairless mouse skin permeability characteristics. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 40:1988;525-529.
    • (1988) J. Pharm. Pharmacol. , vol.40 , pp. 525-529
    • Walters, K.A.1    Walker, M.2    Olejnik, O.3
  • 160
    • 0028224893 scopus 로고
    • Estradiol permeation from nonionic surfactant vesicles through human stratum corneum in vitro
    • Hofland H.E.J., Vandergeest R., Bodde H.E., Junginger H.E., Bouwstra J.A. Estradiol permeation from nonionic surfactant vesicles through human stratum corneum in vitro. Pharm. Res. 11:1994;659-664.
    • (1994) Pharm. Res. , vol.11 , pp. 659-664
    • Hofland, H.E.J.1    Vandergeest, R.2    Bodde, H.E.3    Junginger, H.E.4    Bouwstra, J.A.5
  • 161
    • 0029143514 scopus 로고
    • Influence of nonionic liposomal composition on topical delivery of peptide drugs into pilosebaceous units: An in vivo study using the hamster ear model
    • Niemiec S.M., Ramachandran C., Weiner N. Influence of nonionic liposomal composition on topical delivery of peptide drugs into pilosebaceous units: an in vivo study using the hamster ear model. Pharm. Res. 12:1995;1184-1188.
    • (1995) Pharm. Res. , vol.12 , pp. 1184-1188
    • Niemiec, S.M.1    Ramachandran, C.2    Weiner, N.3
  • 162
    • 0029987855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diffusion of estradiol from non-ionic surfactant vesicles through human stratum corneum in vitro
    • van Hal D., van Rensen A., de Vringer T., Junginger H., Bouwstra J. Diffusion of estradiol from non-ionic surfactant vesicles through human stratum corneum in vitro. Stp Pharma Sci. 6:1996;72-78.
    • (1996) Stp Pharma Sci. , vol.6 , pp. 72-78
    • Van Hal, D.1    Van Rensen, A.2    De Vringer, T.3    Junginger, H.4    Bouwstra, J.5
  • 163
    • 0032103795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between liposomes and human stratum corneum studied by freeze-substitution electron microscopy
    • van den Bergh B.A.I., Salomons-de Vries I., Bouwstra J.A. Interactions between liposomes and human stratum corneum studied by freeze-substitution electron microscopy. Int. J. Pharm. 167:1998;57-67.
    • (1998) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.167 , pp. 57-67
    • Van Den Bergh, B.A.I.1    Salomons-De Vries, I.2    Bouwstra, J.A.3
  • 164
    • 0035834185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparation and in vitro evaluation of liposomal/niosomal delivery systems for antipsoriatic drug dithranol
    • Agarwal R., Katare O.P., Vyas S.P. Preparation and in vitro evaluation of liposomal/niosomal delivery systems for antipsoriatic drug dithranol. Int. J. Pharm. 228:2001;43-52.
    • (2001) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.228 , pp. 43-52
    • Agarwal, R.1    Katare, O.P.2    Vyas, S.P.3
  • 165
    • 0035179830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lidocaine-loaded non-ionic surfactant vesicles: Characterization and in vitro permeation studies
    • Carafa M., Santucci E., Lucania G. Lidocaine-loaded non-ionic surfactant vesicles: characterization and in vitro permeation studies. Int. J. Pharm. 231:2002;21-32.
    • (2002) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.231 , pp. 21-32
    • Carafa, M.1    Santucci, E.2    Lucania, G.3
  • 166
    • 0029118279 scopus 로고
    • Transdermal drug carriers: Basic properties, optimization and transfer efficiency in the case of epicutaneously applied peptides
    • Cevc G., Schätzlein A., Blume G. Transdermal drug carriers: basic properties, optimization and transfer efficiency in the case of epicutaneously applied peptides. J. Control. Release. 13:1995;3-16.
    • (1995) J. Control. Release , vol.13 , pp. 3-16
    • Cevc, G.1    Schätzlein, A.2    Blume, G.3
  • 167
    • 0032557221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between liposomes and human skin in vitro, a confocal laser scanning microscopy study
    • van Kuijk-Meuwissen M.E., Junginger H.E., Bouwstra J.A. Interactions between liposomes and human skin in vitro, a confocal laser scanning microscopy study. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1371:1998;31-39.
    • (1998) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1371 , pp. 31-39
    • Van Kuijk-Meuwissen, M.E.1    Junginger, H.E.2    Bouwstra, J.A.3
  • 168
    • 0030470587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid suspensions on the skin. Permeation enhancement, vesicle penetration and transdermal drug delivery
    • Cevc G. Lipid suspensions on the skin. Permeation enhancement, vesicle penetration and transdermal drug delivery. Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. 13:1996;257-388.
    • (1996) Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. , vol.13 , pp. 257-388
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 169
    • 0034595218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin a loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for topical use: Occlusive properties and drug targeting to the upper skin
    • Jenning V., Gysler A., Schafer-Korting M., Gohla S.H. Vitamin A loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for topical use: occlusive properties and drug targeting to the upper skin. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 49:2000;211-218.
    • (2000) Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. , vol.49 , pp. 211-218
    • Jenning, V.1    Gysler, A.2    Schafer-Korting, M.3    Gohla, S.H.4
  • 170
    • 0033991346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted delivery of antibiotics using liposomes and nanoparticles: Research and applications
    • Pinto-Alphandary H., Andremont A., Couvreur P. Targeted delivery of antibiotics using liposomes and nanoparticles: research and applications. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 13:2000;155-168.
    • (2000) Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents , vol.13 , pp. 155-168
    • Pinto-Alphandary, H.1    Andremont, A.2    Couvreur, P.3
  • 174
    • 0031898536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-uniform cellular packing of the stratum corneum and permeability barrier function of intact skin: A high-resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy study using highly deformable vesicles (Transfersomes)
    • Schaetzlein A., Cevc G. Non-uniform cellular packing of the stratum corneum and permeability barrier function of intact skin: a high-resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy study using highly deformable vesicles (Transfersomes). Br. J. Dermatol. 138:1998;583-592.
    • (1998) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.138 , pp. 583-592
    • Schaetzlein, A.1    Cevc, G.2
  • 175
    • 0029014503 scopus 로고
    • Visualization of diffusion pathways across the stratum corneum of native and in vitro reconstructed epidermis by confocal laser scanning microscopy
    • O. Simonetti, J.A. Hoogstrate, W. Bialik, J.A. Kempenaar, A.H.G.J. Schrijvers, H.E. Boddé, M. Ponec, Visualization of diffusion pathways across the stratum corneum of native and in vitro reconstructed epidermis by confocal laser scanning microscopy, Arch. Dermatol. Res. 287 (1995) 465-473.
    • (1995) Arch. Dermatol. Res. , vol.287 , pp. 465-473
    • Simonetti, O.1    Hoogstrate, J.A.2    Bialik, W.3    Kempenaar, J.A.4    Schrijvers, A.H.G.J.5    Boddé, H.E.6    Ponec, M.7
  • 176
    • 0030574680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The skin: A pathway for systemic treatment with patches and lipid-based agent carriers
    • Cevc G., Blume G., Schätzlein A., Gebauer D., Paul A. The skin: a pathway for systemic treatment with patches and lipid-based agent carriers. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 18:1996;349-378.
    • (1996) Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. , vol.18 , pp. 349-378
    • Cevc, G.1    Blume, G.2    Schätzlein, A.3    Gebauer, D.4    Paul, A.5
  • 177
    • 0028800099 scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive administration of protein antigens. Epicutaneous immunization with the bovine serum albumin
    • Paul A., Cevc G. Non-invasive administration of protein antigens. Epicutaneous immunization with the bovine serum albumin. Vaccine Res. 4:1995;145-164.
    • (1995) Vaccine Res. , vol.4 , pp. 145-164
    • Paul, A.1    Cevc, G.2
  • 178
    • 0030574680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The skin: A pathway for systemic treatment with patches and lipid-based agent carriers
    • Cevc G., Blume G., Schätzlein A., Gebauer D., Paul A. The skin: a pathway for systemic treatment with patches and lipid-based agent carriers. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 18:1996;349-378.
    • (1996) Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. , vol.18 , pp. 349-378
    • Cevc, G.1    Blume, G.2    Schätzlein, A.3    Gebauer, D.4    Paul, A.5
  • 179
    • 0027220849 scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous administration of liposomes: A comparison with the intravenous and intraperitoneal routes of injection
    • Allen T.M., Hansen C.B., Guo L.S. Subcutaneous administration of liposomes: a comparison with the intravenous and intraperitoneal routes of injection. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1150:1993;9-16.
    • (1993) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1150 , pp. 9-16
    • Allen, T.M.1    Hansen, C.B.2    Guo, L.S.3
  • 180
    • 0035479411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New, highly efficient formulation of diclofenac for the topical, transdermal administration in ultradeformable drug carriers, Transfersomes
    • Cevc G., Blume G. New, highly efficient formulation of diclofenac for the topical, transdermal administration in ultradeformable drug carriers, Transfersomes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1514:2001;191-205.
    • (2001) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1514 , pp. 191-205
    • Cevc, G.1    Blume, G.2
  • 181
    • 0029132994 scopus 로고
    • Time-resolved infrared ATR measurements of liposome transport kinetics in human keratinocyte cultures and skin reveal a dependence on liposome size and phase state
    • H.M.H. Reinl, A.P. Dettmar, T.M. Bayerl, Time-resolved infrared ATR measurements of liposome transport kinetics in human keratinocyte cultures and skin reveal a dependence on liposome size and phase state, J. Invest. Dermatol. 105 (1995) 291-295.
    • (1995) J. Invest. Dermatol. , vol.105 , pp. 291-295
    • Reinl, H.M.H.1    Dettmar, A.P.2    Bayerl, T.M.3
  • 182
    • 0029785934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of insulin oligomers and enhancement of percutaneous absorption of insulin
    • Ogiso T., Nishioka S., Iwaki M. Dissociation of insulin oligomers and enhancement of percutaneous absorption of insulin. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 19:1996;1049-1054.
    • (1996) Biol. Pharm. Bull. , vol.19 , pp. 1049-1054
    • Ogiso, T.1    Nishioka, S.2    Iwaki, M.3
  • 183
    • 0034123706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transdermal delivery of insulin in mice by using lecithin vesicles as a carrier
    • Guo J., Ping Q., Zhang L. Transdermal delivery of insulin in mice by using lecithin vesicles as a carrier. Drug Deliv. 7:2000;113-116.
    • (2000) Drug Deliv. , vol.7 , pp. 113-116
    • Guo, J.1    Ping, Q.2    Zhang, L.3
  • 184
    • 0035901734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elasticity of vesicles assessed by electron spin resonance, electron microscopy, and extrusion measurement
    • Van den Bergh B.A.I., Bouwstra J.A., Junginger H.E., Wertz P.W. Elasticity of vesicles assessed by electron spin resonance, electron microscopy, and extrusion measurement. Int. J. Pharm. 217:2001;13-24.
    • (2001) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.217 , pp. 13-24
    • Van Den Bergh, B.A.I.1    Bouwstra, J.A.2    Junginger, H.E.3    Wertz, P.W.4
  • 186
    • 1542275151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method for the improvement of transport across adaptable semi-permeable barriers, PCT/EP99/04659, 1999.
    • G. Cevc, A method for the improvement of transport across adaptable semi-permeable barriers, PCT/EP99/04659, 1999.
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 187
    • 0038357909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transdermal drug delivery of insulin with ultradeformable carriers, Transfersomes®
    • Cevc G. Transdermal drug delivery of insulin with ultradeformable carriers, Transfersomes® Clin. Pharmacokinet. 42:2003;461-474.
    • (2003) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.42 , pp. 461-474
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 190
    • 0028800099 scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive administrationof protein antigens: Transdermal immunization with bovine serum albumin in Transfersomes®
    • Paul A., Cevc G. Noninvasive administrationof protein antigens: transdermal immunization with bovine serum albumin in Transfersomes® Vaccine Res. 4:1995;145-164.
    • (1995) Vaccine Res. , vol.4 , pp. 145-164
    • Paul, A.1    Cevc, G.2
  • 191
    • 0031986076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transdermal immunisation with an integral membrane component, gap junction protein, by means of ultradeformable drug carriers, Transfersomes®
    • Paul A., Cevc G., Bachhawat B.K. Transdermal immunisation with an integral membrane component, gap junction protein, by means of ultradeformable drug carriers, Transfersomes® Vaccine. 16:1998;188-195.
    • (1998) Vaccine , vol.16 , pp. 188-195
    • Paul, A.1    Cevc, G.2    Bachhawat, B.K.3
  • 192
    • 1542305305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive vaccination through the skin, 2000, EP 99 10 1479, 1476.
    • A. Chopra, G. Cevc, Non-invasive vaccination through the skin, 2000, EP 99 10 1479, 1476.
    • Chopra, A.1    Cevc, G.2
  • 193
    • 0026667858 scopus 로고
    • Effect of liposomes on percutaneous penetration of lipophilic materials
    • Michel C., Purmann T., Mentrup E., Seiller E., Kreuter J. Effect of liposomes on percutaneous penetration of lipophilic materials. Int. J. Pharm. 84:1992;93-105.
    • (1992) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.84 , pp. 93-105
    • Michel, C.1    Purmann, T.2    Mentrup, E.3    Seiller, E.4    Kreuter, J.5
  • 194
    • 0032872359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dermal and transdermal delivery of protein pharmaceuticals: Lipid-based delivery systems for interferon alpha
    • Foldvari M., Baca-Estrada M.E., He Z., Hu J., Attah-Poku S., King M. Dermal and transdermal delivery of protein pharmaceuticals: lipid-based delivery systems for interferon alpha. Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 30:1999;129-137.
    • (1999) Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. , vol.30 , pp. 129-137
    • Foldvari, M.1    Baca-Estrada, M.E.2    He, Z.3    Hu, J.4    Attah-Poku, S.5    King, M.6
  • 195
    • 0033964805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of novel soya-lecithin formulations for dermal use containing ketoprofen as a model drug
    • Valenta C., Wanka M., Heidlas J. Evaluation of novel soya-lecithin formulations for dermal use containing ketoprofen as a model drug. J. Control. Release. 63:2000;165-173.
    • (2000) J. Control. Release , vol.63 , pp. 165-173
    • Valenta, C.1    Wanka, M.2    Heidlas, J.3
  • 196
    • 0035901729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of phloretin and 6-ketocholestanol on the permeation of progesterone through porcine skin
    • Valenta C., Nowak M., Hadgraft J. Influence of phloretin and 6-ketocholestanol on the permeation of progesterone through porcine skin. Int. J. Pharm. 217:2001;79-86.
    • (2001) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.217 , pp. 79-86
    • Valenta, C.1    Nowak, M.2    Hadgraft, J.3
  • 197
    • 0035834195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heparin penetration into and permeation through human skin from aqueous and liposomal formulations in vitro
    • Betz G., Nowbakht P., Imboden R., Imanidis G. Heparin penetration into and permeation through human skin from aqueous and liposomal formulations in vitro. Int. J. Pharm. 228:2001;147-159.
    • (2001) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.228 , pp. 147-159
    • Betz, G.1    Nowbakht, P.2    Imboden, R.3    Imanidis, G.4
  • 198
    • 0008507344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparation and properties of small nanoparticles for skin and hair care
    • Zülli F., Suter F. Preparation and properties of small nanoparticles for skin and hair care. SÖFW J. 123:1997;880-885.
    • (1997) SÖFW J. , vol.123 , pp. 880-885
    • Zülli, F.1    Suter, F.2
  • 199
    • 0035834177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transdermal delivery of ketoprofen using microemulsions
    • Rhee Y.S., Choi J.G., Park E.S., Chi S.C. Transdermal delivery of ketoprofen using microemulsions. Int. J. Pharm. 228:2001;161-170.
    • (2001) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.228 , pp. 161-170
    • Rhee, Y.S.1    Choi, J.G.2    Park, E.S.3    Chi, S.C.4
  • 200
    • 0028973520 scopus 로고
    • Liposome-medicated gene transfer and expression via the skin
    • Alexander M.Y., Akhurst R.J. Liposome-medicated gene transfer and expression via the skin. Hum. Mol. Genet. 4:1995;2279-2285.
    • (1995) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.4 , pp. 2279-2285
    • Alexander, M.Y.1    Akhurst, R.J.2
  • 201
  • 202
    • 0028014443 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of caffeine skin delivery by carrier design: Liposomes versus permeation enhancers
    • Touitou E., Schaffer F.L., Dayan N., Alhaique F., Riccieri F. Modulation of caffeine skin delivery by carrier design: liposomes versus permeation enhancers. Int. J. Pharm. 103:1994;131-136.
    • (1994) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.103 , pp. 131-136
    • Touitou, E.1    Schaffer, F.L.2    Dayan, N.3    Alhaique, F.4    Riccieri, F.5
  • 203
    • 0028652696 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes: A drug carrier system for topical treatment in dermatology
    • Schmid M.H., Korting H.C. Liposomes: a drug carrier system for topical treatment in dermatology. Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. 11:1994;97-118.
    • (1994) Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. , vol.11 , pp. 97-118
    • Schmid, M.H.1    Korting, H.C.2
  • 204
    • 0343591551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical liposome drugs
    • Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press LLC
    • Korting H.C., Schäfer-Korting M. Topical liposome drugs. Benefit-Risk Ratio. 1999;333-357 CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL.
    • (1999) Benefit-Risk Ratio , pp. 333-357
    • Korting, H.C.1    Schäfer-Korting, M.2
  • 205
    • 0030053034 scopus 로고
    • Triamcinolone permeation from different liposome formulations through rat skin in vitro
    • H.M. Liao Yu, H.-Y., Triamcinolone permeation from different liposome formulations through rat skin in vitro, Int. J. Pharm. 127 (1995) 1-7.
    • (1995) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.127 , pp. 1-7
    • Liao Yu, H.M.1
  • 206
    • 0343008278 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes and the skin
    • G. Gregoridadis, A.T. Florence, & H. Patel. Switzerland: Harwood Academic Publishers
    • Mezei M. Liposomes and the skin. Gregoridadis G., Florence A.T., Patel H. Liposomes in Drug Delivery. 1993;125-135 Harwood Academic Publishers, Switzerland.
    • (1993) Liposomes in Drug Delivery , pp. 125-135
    • Mezei, M.1
  • 207
    • 0028014443 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of caffeine skin delivery by carrier design: Liposomes versus permeation enhancers
    • Touitou E., Levischaffer F., Dayan N., Alhaique F., Riccieri F. Modulation of caffeine skin delivery by carrier design: liposomes versus permeation enhancers. Int. J. Pharm. 103:1994;131-136.
    • (1994) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.103 , pp. 131-136
    • Touitou, E.1    Levischaffer, F.2    Dayan, N.3    Alhaique, F.4    Riccieri, F.5
  • 209
    • 0033919682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liposome associated interferon-alpha-2b functions as an anti-fibrogenic factor in dermal wounds in the guinea pig
    • Ghahary A., Tredget E.E., Shen Q., Kilani R.T., Scott P.G., Takeuchi M. Liposome associated interferon-alpha-2b functions as an anti-fibrogenic factor in dermal wounds in the guinea pig. Mol. Cell Biochem. 208:2000;129-137.
    • (2000) Mol. Cell Biochem. , vol.208 , pp. 129-137
    • Ghahary, A.1    Tredget, E.E.2    Shen, Q.3    Kilani, R.T.4    Scott, P.G.5    Takeuchi, M.6
  • 210
    • 0030574680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The skin: A pathway for systemic treatment with patches and lipid-based agent carriers
    • Cevc G., Blume G., Schätzlein A., Gebauer D., Paul A. The skin: a pathway for systemic treatment with patches and lipid-based agent carriers. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 1:1995;349-378.
    • (1995) Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. , vol.1 , pp. 349-378
    • Cevc, G.1    Blume, G.2    Schätzlein, A.3    Gebauer, D.4    Paul, A.5
  • 211
    • 0031047776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transfersomes-mediated transepidermal delivery improves the regiospecificity and biological activity of corticosteroids in vivo
    • Cevc G., Blume G., Schätzlein A. Transfersomes-mediated transepidermal delivery improves the regiospecificity and biological activity of corticosteroids in vivo. J. Control. Release. 45:1996;211-226.
    • (1996) J. Control. Release , vol.45 , pp. 211-226
    • Cevc, G.1    Blume, G.2    Schätzlein, A.3
  • 212
    • 0029558813 scopus 로고
    • Transdermal immunization with large proteins by means of ultradeformable drug carriers
    • Paul A., Cevc G., Bachhawat B.K. Transdermal immunization with large proteins by means of ultradeformable drug carriers. Eur. J. Immunol. 25:1995;3521-3524.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.25 , pp. 3521-3524
    • Paul, A.1    Cevc, G.2    Bachhawat, B.K.3
  • 213
    • 0035479411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New, highly efficient formulation of diclofenac for the topical, transdermal administration in ultradeformable drug carriers, Transfersomes
    • Cevc G., Blume G. New, highly efficient formulation of diclofenac for the topical, transdermal administration in ultradeformable drug carriers, Transfersomes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1514:2001;191-205.
    • (2001) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1514 , pp. 191-205
    • Cevc, G.1    Blume, G.2
  • 215
    • 0142120505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved risk-benefit ratio for a triamcinolone acetonide Transfersome® formulation in comparison to a commercial triamcinolone acetonide formulation
    • Fesq H., Gloeckner A., Abeck D., Ring J., Lehmann J., Rother M., Cevc G. Improved risk-benefit ratio for a triamcinolone acetonide Transfersome® formulation in comparison to a commercial triamcinolone acetonide formulation. Br. J. Dermatol. 149:2003;611-619.
    • (2003) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.149 , pp. 611-619
    • Fesq, H.1    Gloeckner, A.2    Abeck, D.3    Ring, J.4    Lehmann, J.5    Rother, M.6    Cevc, G.7
  • 216
    • 0038127887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The characterisation of transdermal transport of non-diffusive systems may need different test models. Comparison of human skin diffusion cell, isolated perfused rabbit ears, in vivo microdialysis in rats and PK in pigs using IFN-a in Transfersomes®
    • Copenhagen, Denmark
    • M. Rother, S.R. Kopf, R. Doblhofer, G. Cevc, The characterisation of transdermal transport of non-diffusive systems may need different test models. Comparison of human skin diffusion cell, isolated perfused rabbit ears, in vivo microdialysis in rats and PK in pigs using IFN-a in Transfersomes®, EUFEPS World Conference on Drug Absorption and Drug Delivery, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2001, pp. 53-55.
    • (2001) EUFEPS World Conference on Drug Absorption and Drug Delivery , pp. 53-55
    • Rother, M.1    Kopf, S.R.2    Doblhofer, R.3    Cevc, G.4
  • 217
    • 0041704830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological activity and characteristics of triamcinolone-acetonide formulated with the self-regulating drug carriers, Transfersomes®
    • Cevc G., Blume G. Biological activity and characteristics of triamcinolone-acetonide formulated with the self-regulating drug carriers, Transfersomes® Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 2003;156-164.
    • (2003) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , pp. 156-164
    • Cevc, G.1    Blume, G.2
  • 218
    • 0032545780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultraflexible vesicles, Transfersomes, have an extremely low pore penetration resistance and transport therapeutic amounts of insulin across the intact mammalian skin
    • Cevc G G.D., Stieber J., Schatzlein A., Blume G. Ultraflexible vesicles, Transfersomes, have an extremely low pore penetration resistance and transport therapeutic amounts of insulin across the intact mammalian skin. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1368:1998;201-215.
    • (1998) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1368 , pp. 201-215
    • Cevc, G.G.D.1    Stieber, J.2    Schatzlein, A.3    Blume, G.4
  • 219
    • 26744448658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liposome-based topical vitamin D formulation, in US5834016, Cilag AG, CH (1998).
    • F.-U. Flöther, R. Näff, R. Spycher, S. Delmenico, M. Corbo, Liposome-based topical vitamin D formulation, in US5834016, Cilag AG, CH (1998).
    • Flöther, F.-U.1    Näff, R.2    Spycher, R.3    Delmenico, S.4    Corbo, M.5
  • 220
    • 1542335320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of equine laminitis, US 6,045,827, 1997.
    • M.C. Russell, Treatment of equine laminitis, US 6,045,827, 1997.
    • Russell, M.C.1
  • 221
    • 1542335319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phospholipid- and cholesterol-free aqueous composition for topical application to the skin, 1994, WOL 96/09812.
    • J. Bouwstra, Phospholipid- and cholesterol-free aqueous composition for topical application to the skin, 1994, WOL 96/09812.
    • Bouwstra, J.1
  • 222
    • 1542335322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biphasic lipid vesicles, US Patent No. 5,853,755, 1998.
    • M. Foldvari, Biphasic lipid vesicles, US Patent No. 5,853,755, 1998.
    • Foldvari, M.1
  • 223
    • 1542305304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compositions for applying active substances to or through the skin, USP 5716638, 1998.
    • E. Touitou, Compositions for applying active substances to or through the skin, USP 5716638, 1998.
    • Touitou, E.1
  • 224
    • 0031898536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-uniform cellular packing of the stratum corneum and permeability barrier function of intact skin: A high-resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy study using highly deformable vesicles (Transfersomes)
    • Schätzlein A., Cevc G. Non-uniform cellular packing of the stratum corneum and permeability barrier function of intact skin: a high-resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy study using highly deformable vesicles (Transfersomes). Br. J. Dermatol. 138:1998;583-592.
    • (1998) Br. J. Dermatol. , vol.138 , pp. 583-592
    • Schätzlein, A.1    Cevc, G.2
  • 225
    • 0025134135 scopus 로고
    • Structure of the inverted hexagonal(H(2)) phase, and non-lamellar phase transitions of lipids
    • Seddon J.M. Structure of the inverted hexagonal(H(2)) phase, and non-lamellar phase transitions of lipids. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1031:1990;1-69.
    • (1990) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1031 , pp. 1-69
    • Seddon, J.M.1
  • 226
    • 0026026275 scopus 로고
    • A simple method for the preparation of liposomes for pharmaceutical applications: Characterization of the liposomes
    • Perrett S., Golding M., Williams W.P. A simple method for the preparation of liposomes for pharmaceutical applications: characterization of the liposomes. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 43:1991;154-161.
    • (1991) J. Pharm. Pharmacol. , vol.43 , pp. 154-161
    • Perrett, S.1    Golding, M.2    Williams, W.P.3
  • 227
    • 0030900516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted and sustained delivery of hydrocortisone to normal and stratum corneum-removed skin without enhanced skin absorption using a liposome gel
    • Kim M.K., Chung S.J., Lee M.H., Cho A.R., Shim C.K. Targeted and sustained delivery of hydrocortisone to normal and stratum corneum-removed skin without enhanced skin absorption using a liposome gel. J. Control. Release. 46:1997;243-251.
    • (1997) J. Control. Release , vol.46 , pp. 243-251
    • Kim, M.K.1    Chung, S.J.2    Lee, M.H.3    Cho, A.R.4    Shim, C.K.5
  • 229
    • 0029147285 scopus 로고
    • Transport of biologically active interferon-gamma across human skin in vitro
    • Short S.M., Rubas W., Paasch B.D., Mrsny R.J. Transport of biologically active interferon-gamma across human skin in vitro. Pharm. Res. 12:1995;1140-1145.
    • (1995) Pharm. Res. , vol.12 , pp. 1140-1145
    • Short, S.M.1    Rubas, W.2    Paasch, B.D.3    Mrsny, R.J.4
  • 230
    • 0031047776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transfersomes-mediated transepidermal delivery improves the regiospecificity and biological activity of corticosteroids in vitro
    • Cevc G., Blume G., Schätzlein A. Transfersomes-mediated transepidermal delivery improves the regiospecificity and biological activity of corticosteroids in vitro. J. Control. Release. 45:1996;211-226.
    • (1996) J. Control. Release , vol.45 , pp. 211-226
    • Cevc, G.1    Blume, G.2    Schätzlein, A.3
  • 232
    • 2242472082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) in cosmetic and dermatological preparations
    • Müller R.H., Radtke M., Wissing S.A. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) in cosmetic and dermatological preparations. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 54:(Suppl. 1):2002;131-155.
    • (2002) Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. , vol.54 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 131-155
    • Müller, R.H.1    Radtke, M.2    Wissing, S.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.