메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 3, 1996, Pages 349-378

The skin: A pathway for systemic treatment with patches and lipid-based agent carriers

Author keywords

Animal study; Clinical trial; Liposome; Permeation enhancer; Transdermal drug delivery; Transfersome

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES; CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY; DRUG INFUSION; DRUG INTERACTIONS; LIPIDS; LIVING SYSTEMS STUDIES; MECHANICAL PERMEABILITY; PHYSIOLOGICAL MODELS; PHYSIOLOGY;

EID: 0030574680     PISSN: 0169409X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/0169-409X(95)00091-K     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (220)

References (138)
  • 1
    • 0343879763 scopus 로고
    • Lipid suspensions on the skin. Permeation enhancement, vesicle penetration and transdermal drug delivery
    • in press
    • Cevc, G. (1995) Lipid suspensions on the skin. Permeation enhancement, vesicle penetration and transdermal drug delivery. Crit. Rev. Adv. Drug Deliv. Systems, in press.
    • (1995) Crit. Rev. Adv. Drug Deliv. Systems
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 2
    • 80055068491 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes and the skin permeability barrier
    • Patel, H.M. and Moghimi, S.M. (1993) Liposomes and the skin permeability barrier. Drug Targeting Deliv. 2, 137-148.
    • (1993) Drug Targeting Deliv. , vol.2 , pp. 137-148
    • Patel, H.M.1    Moghimi, S.M.2
  • 4
    • 0028334473 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes and niosomes as topical drug carriers: Dermal and transdermal drug delivery
    • Schreier, H. and Bouwstra, J. (1994) Liposomes and niosomes as topical drug carriers: dermal and transdermal drug delivery. J. Control. Release 30, 1-15.
    • (1994) J. Control. Release , vol.30 , pp. 1-15
    • Schreier, H.1    Bouwstra, J.2
  • 10
    • 0021111031 scopus 로고
    • Solubilization of phospholipids in detergents. Structural and kinetic aspects
    • Lichtenberg, D., Robson, R.J. and Dennis, E.A. (1983) Solubilization of phospholipids in detergents. Structural and kinetic aspects. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 737, 285-304.
    • (1983) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.737 , pp. 285-304
    • Lichtenberg, D.1    Robson, R.J.2    Dennis, E.A.3
  • 11
    • 0021946017 scopus 로고
    • Lipid vesicle formation: The transition from open disks to closed shells
    • Fromherz, P. and Rueppel, D. (1985) Lipid vesicle formation: The transition from open disks to closed shells. FEBS Lett. 179, 155-158.
    • (1985) FEBS Lett. , vol.179 , pp. 155-158
    • Fromherz, P.1    Rueppel, D.2
  • 12
    • 85012373035 scopus 로고
    • Diffusion of univalent ions across the lamellae of swollen phospholipids
    • Bangham, A.D., Standish, M.M. and Watkins, J.C. (1965) Diffusion of univalent ions across the lamellae of swollen phospholipids. J. Mol. Biol. 13, 238-252.
    • (1965) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 238-252
    • Bangham, A.D.1    Standish, M.M.2    Watkins, J.C.3
  • 13
    • 0342574098 scopus 로고
    • Cevc, G. (1992) Eur. Pat. Appl. A 61 k 9/50.
    • (1992) Pat. Appl. A , vol.61 K , Issue.9 , pp. 50
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 14
    • 0012097550 scopus 로고
    • Lipid properties as a basis for the modelling and design of liposome membranes
    • G. Gregoriadis (Ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
    • Cevc, G. (1992) Lipid properties as a basis for the modelling and design of liposome membranes. In: G. Gregoriadis (Ed.), Liposome Technology, 2nd Edn, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. pp. 1-36.
    • (1992) Liposome Technology, 2nd Edn , pp. 1-36
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 15
    • 77957043061 scopus 로고
    • Material transport across permeability barriers by means of lipid vesicles
    • A.V. Hoff (Series Ed.), R Lipowsky and E. Sackmann (Volume Eds), North-Holland, Amsterdam
    • Cevc, G. (1995) Material transport across permeability barriers by means of lipid vesicles. In: A.V. Hoff (Series Ed.), R Lipowsky and E. Sackmann (Volume Eds), Handbook of Biological Physics, 1st Edn, Vol. 1. North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 465-490.
    • (1995) Handbook of Biological Physics, 1st Edn , vol.1 , pp. 465-490
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 17
    • 0012821274 scopus 로고
    • The epidermis
    • M.W. Greaves and S. Shuster (Eds), Springer-Verlag. Berlin
    • Christophers, E., Schubert, C. and Goos, M. (1989) The epidermis. In: M.W. Greaves and S. Shuster (Eds), Pharmacology of the Skin, Vol. 1, Springer-Verlag. Berlin, pp. 3-30.
    • (1989) Pharmacology of the Skin , vol.1 , pp. 3-30
    • Christophers, E.1    Schubert, C.2    Goos, M.3
  • 19
    • 0003000504 scopus 로고
    • Veterinary applications of skin penetraion enhancers
    • K. Walters and J. Hadgraft (Eds), Marcel Dekker, New York
    • Walters, K.A. and Roberts, M.S. (1993) Veterinary applications of skin penetraion enhancers. In: K. Walters and J. Hadgraft (Eds), Pharmaceutical Skin Penetration Enhancement, Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 339-358.
    • (1993) Pharmaceutical Skin Penetration Enhancement , pp. 339-358
    • Walters, K.A.1    Roberts, M.S.2
  • 20
    • 0023863210 scopus 로고
    • Electron probe analysis of human skin: Determination of the water concentration profile
    • Warner, R.R., Myers, M.C. and Taylor, D.I. (1988) Electron probe analysis of human skin: determination of the water concentration profile. J. Invest. Dermatol. 90, 218-224.
    • (1988) J. Invest. Dermatol. , vol.90 , pp. 218-224
    • Warner, R.R.1    Myers, M.C.2    Taylor, D.I.3
  • 23
    • 0025316397 scopus 로고
    • Desmosomes, corneosomes and desquamation. An ultrastructural study of adult pig epidermis
    • Chapman, S.J. and Walsh, A. (1990) Desmosomes, corneosomes and desquamation. An ultrastructural study of adult pig epidermis. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 282, 304-310.
    • (1990) Arch. Dermatol. Res. , vol.282 , pp. 304-310
    • Chapman, S.J.1    Walsh, A.2
  • 24
    • 0002083831 scopus 로고
    • Liposome dermatics: Chemical aspects of the skin lipid approach
    • O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds), Springer, Berlin
    • Wertz, P.W. (1992) Liposome dermatics: Chemical aspects of the skin lipid approach. In: O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds), Liposome Dermatics, Springer, Berlin, pp. 38-43.
    • (1992) Liposome Dermatics , pp. 38-43
    • Wertz, P.W.1
  • 25
    • 0025955486 scopus 로고
    • Structural investigations of human stratum corneum by small angle X-ray scattering
    • Bouwstra, J.A., Goris, G.S., Van der Spek, J.A. and Bras, W. (1991) Structural investigations of human stratum corneum by small angle X-ray scattering. J. Invest. Dermatol. 97, 1005-1012.
    • (1991) J. Invest. Dermatol. , vol.97 , pp. 1005-1012
    • Bouwstra, J.A.1    Goris, G.S.2    Van Der Spek, J.A.3    Bras, W.4
  • 27
    • 0026606514 scopus 로고
    • Predicting skin permeability
    • Potts, R.O. and Guy, R.H. (1992) Predicting skin permeability. Pharm. Res. 9, 663-669.
    • (1992) Pharm. Res. , vol.9 , pp. 663-669
    • Potts, R.O.1    Guy, R.H.2
  • 28
    • 0025009106 scopus 로고
    • Examination of stratum corneum harrier function in vivo by infrared spectroscopy
    • Bommannan, D., Potts, R.O. and Guy, R.H. (1990) Examination of stratum corneum harrier function in vivo by infrared spectroscopy. J. Invest. Dermatol. 95, 403-408.
    • (1990) J. Invest. Dermatol. , vol.95 , pp. 403-408
    • Bommannan, D.1    Potts, R.O.2    Guy, R.H.3
  • 31
    • 12644276634 scopus 로고
    • W. Hoppe, W. Lohmann, H. Markl and H. Ziegler (Eds), Springer Verlag, Berlin
    • Sackmann, E. (1982) In: W. Hoppe, W. Lohmann, H. Markl and H. Ziegler (Eds), Biophysik, 2nd Edn, Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 448-451.
    • (1982) Biophysik, 2nd Edn , pp. 448-451
    • Sackmann, E.1
  • 32
    • 0025952915 scopus 로고
    • Effect of supersaturation on membrane transport: 1. Hydrocortisone acetate
    • Davis, A.F. and Hadgraft, J. (1991) Effect of supersaturation on membrane transport: 1. Hydrocortisone acetate. Int. J. Pharm. 76, 1-8.
    • (1991) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.76 , pp. 1-8
    • Davis, A.F.1    Hadgraft, J.2
  • 33
    • 0027288253 scopus 로고
    • Keratinized epithelial transport of beta-blocking agents. II. Evaluation of barrier property of stratum corneum by using model lipid systems
    • Kai, T., Isami, T., Kurosaki, Y., Nakayama, T. and Kimura, T. (1993) Keratinized epithelial transport of beta-blocking agents. II. Evaluation of barrier property of stratum corneum by using model lipid systems. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 16, 284-287.
    • (1993) Biol. Pharm. Bull. , vol.16 , pp. 284-287
    • Kai, T.1    Isami, T.2    Kurosaki, Y.3    Nakayama, T.4    Kimura, T.5
  • 34
    • 0025030097 scopus 로고
    • Oleic acid: Its effects on stratum corneum in relation to (trans)dermal drug delivery
    • Francoeur, M.L., Golden, G.M. and Potts, R.O. (1990) Oleic acid: its effects on stratum corneum in relation to (trans)dermal drug delivery. Pharm. Res. 7, 621-627.
    • (1990) Pharm. Res. , vol.7 , pp. 621-627
    • Francoeur, M.L.1    Golden, G.M.2    Potts, R.O.3
  • 35
    • 0001923132 scopus 로고
    • Action of skin penetration enhancers on human stratum corneum as assessed by differential scanning calorimetry
    • R.L. Bronaugh and H.I. Maibach (Eds). Marcel Dekker, New York, pp.
    • Goodman, M. and Barry, B.W. (1993) Action of skin penetration enhancers on human stratum corneum as assessed by differential scanning calorimetry. In: R.L. Bronaugh and H.I. Maibach (Eds). Percutaneous Absorption, Marcel Dekker, New York, pp. 567-593.
    • (1993) Percutaneous Absorption , pp. 567-593
    • Goodman, M.1    Barry, B.W.2
  • 36
  • 37
    • 0025118816 scopus 로고
    • Contributions of drug solubilization, partitioning, barrier distruption, and solvent permeation to the enhancement of skin permeation of various compounds with fatty acids and amines
    • Aungst, B.J., Blake, J.A. and Hussain, M.A. (1990) Contributions of drug solubilization, partitioning, barrier distruption, and solvent permeation to the enhancement of skin permeation of various compounds with fatty acids and amines. Pharm. Res. 7, 712-718.
    • (1990) Pharm. Res. , vol.7 , pp. 712-718
    • Aungst, B.J.1    Blake, J.A.2    Hussain, M.A.3
  • 38
    • 0025953864 scopus 로고
    • Kinetics, ultrastructural aspects and molecular modelling of transdermal peptide flux enhancement by n-alkylazacylco-heptanones
    • Hoogstraate, A.J., Verhoef, J., Brussee, J., Izerman, A.P., Spies, F. and Bodde, H.E. (1991) Kinetics, ultrastructural aspects and molecular modelling of transdermal peptide flux enhancement by n-alkylazacylco-heptanones. Int. J. Pharm. 76, 37-47.
    • (1991) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.76 , pp. 37-47
    • Hoogstraate, A.J.1    Verhoef, J.2    Brussee, J.3    Izerman, A.P.4    Spies, F.5    Bodde, H.E.6
  • 39
    • 0002584744 scopus 로고
    • Physicochemical determinants of skin absorption
    • T.R. Gerrity and C.J. Henry (Eds), Elsevier, New York
    • Flynn, G.L. (1990) Physicochemical determinants of skin absorption. In: T.R. Gerrity and C.J. Henry (Eds), Principles of Route-to-Route Extrapolation for Risk Assessment, Elsevier, New York, pp. 93-127.
    • (1990) Principles of Route-to-route Extrapolation for Risk Assessment , pp. 93-127
    • Flynn, G.L.1
  • 40
    • 0024246628 scopus 로고
    • Percutaneous drug penetration, choosing candidates for transdermal development
    • Flynn, G.L. and Stewart, B. (1988) Percutaneous drug penetration, choosing candidates for transdermal development. Drug Dev. Res. 13, 169-185.
    • (1988) Drug Dev. Res. , vol.13 , pp. 169-185
    • Flynn, G.L.1    Stewart, B.2
  • 41
    • 0000487552 scopus 로고
    • To enhance or not to enhance
    • K.R. Brain, V.J. James and K.A. Walters (Eds). STS Publishing, Cardiff
    • Hadgraft, J. (1993) To enhance or not to enhance. In: K.R. Brain, V.J. James and K.A. Walters (Eds). Prediction of Percutaneous Penetration. Vol. 3b, STS Publishing, Cardiff, pp. 138-148.
    • (1993) Prediction of Percutaneous Penetration. , vol.3 B , pp. 138-148
    • Hadgraft, J.1
  • 42
    • 0026508985 scopus 로고
    • Lipid vesicles penetrate into intact skin owing to transdermal osmotic gradients and hydration force
    • Cevc, G. and Blume, G. (1992) Lipid vesicles penetrate into intact skin owing to transdermal osmotic gradients and hydration force. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1104, 226-232.
    • (1992) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1104 , pp. 226-232
    • Cevc, G.1    Blume, G.2
  • 43
    • 0029118279 scopus 로고
    • Transdermal drug carriers: Basic properties, optimization and transfer-efficiency in the case of epicutaneously applied peptides
    • in press
    • Cevc, G., Schätzlein, A. and Blume, G. (1995) Transdermal drug carriers: basic properties, optimization and transfer-efficiency in the case of epicutaneously applied peptides. J. Control. Release, in press.
    • (1995) J. Control. Release
    • Cevc, G.1    Schätzlein, A.2    Blume, G.3
  • 44
    • 0028006873 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the pore size and charge density in human cadaver skin
    • Aguiella, V., Kontturi, K., Murtomäki, L. and Ramírez, P. (1994) Estimation of the pore size and charge density in human cadaver skin. J. Control. Release 32, 249-257.
    • (1994) J. Control. Release , vol.32 , pp. 249-257
    • Aguiella, V.1    Kontturi, K.2    Murtomäki, L.3    Ramírez, P.4
  • 46
    • 0000828670 scopus 로고
    • Driven transport of fluid vesicles through narrow pores
    • submitted
    • Gompper, G. and Kroll, D.M. (1995) Driven transport of fluid vesicles through narrow pores. Phys. Rev., submitted.
    • (1995) Phys. Rev.
    • Gompper, G.1    Kroll, D.M.2
  • 47
    • 84943997802 scopus 로고
    • Elastic properties of lipid bilayers: Theory and possible experiments
    • Helfrich, W. (1973) Elastic properties of lipid bilayers: Theory and possible experiments. Z. Naturforsch. 28c, 693-703.
    • (1973) Z. Naturforsch. , vol.28 C , pp. 693-703
    • Helfrich, W.1
  • 48
    • 0027722687 scopus 로고
    • Topical glucocorticoids: What has been achieved? what is still to be done?
    • Schäfer-Korting, M. (1993) Topical glucocorticoids: what has been achieved? what is still to be done? Curr. Probl. Dermatol. 21, 192-201.
    • (1993) Curr. Probl. Dermatol. , vol.21 , pp. 192-201
    • Schäfer-Korting, M.1
  • 49
    • 0343879742 scopus 로고
    • Measuring skin irritation: Biophysical techniques vs. The naked eye
    • London
    • Boddé, H. and Oestmann-Kneissl, E. (1991) Measuring skin irritation: biophysical techniques vs. the naked eye, Forum Seminar on Skin Toxicology, London, pp. 1-31.
    • (1991) Forum Seminar on Skin Toxicology , pp. 1-31
    • Boddé, H.1    Oestmann-Kneissl, E.2
  • 50
    • 0027252748 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the phagocytosis of intact oligolamellar liposomes by human keratinocytes in vitro and consecutive intracellular disintegration
    • Korting, H.C., Schmid, M.H., Hartinger, A., Maierhofer, G., Stob, W. and Braun-Falco, O. (1993) Evidence for the phagocytosis of intact oligolamellar liposomes by human keratinocytes in vitro and consecutive intracellular disintegration. J. Microencapsul. 10, 223-228.
    • (1993) J. Microencapsul. , vol.10 , pp. 223-228
    • Korting, H.C.1    Schmid, M.H.2    Hartinger, A.3    Maierhofer, G.4    Stob, W.5    Braun-Falco, O.6
  • 51
    • 0025908244 scopus 로고
    • Interactions of non-ionic surfactant vesicles with cultured keratinocytes and human skin in vitro: A survey of toxicological aspects and ultrastructural changes in stratum corneum
    • Hofland, H.E.J., Bouwstra, J.A., Ponec, M., Bodde, H.E., Spies, C., Verhoef, J. and Junginger, H.E. (1991) Interactions of non-ionic surfactant vesicles with cultured keratinocytes and human skin in vitro: a survey of toxicological aspects and ultrastructural changes in stratum corneum. J. Control. Release 16, 155-168.
    • (1991) J. Control. Release , vol.16 , pp. 155-168
    • Hofland, H.E.J.1    Bouwstra, J.A.2    Ponec, M.3    Bodde, H.E.4    Spies, C.5    Verhoef, J.6    Junginger, H.E.7
  • 53
    • 0000920626 scopus 로고
    • Tolerability of liposomes in vivo
    • G. Gregoriadis (Ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
    • Storm, G., Oussoren, C., Peeters, P.A.M. and Barenholz, Y. (1993) Tolerability of liposomes in vivo. In: G. Gregoriadis (Ed.), Liposome Technology, 2nd Edn, Vol. 3, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 345-384.
    • (1993) Liposome Technology, 2nd Edn , vol.3 , pp. 345-384
    • Storm, G.1    Oussoren, C.2    Peeters, P.A.M.3    Barenholz, Y.4
  • 55
    • 0006645435 scopus 로고
    • Skin penetration by phospholipid vesicles, transfersomes, as visualized by means of the confocal laser scanning microscopy
    • G. Cevc and F. Paltauf (Eds), AOCS Press, Champaign, IL
    • Schätzlein, A. and Cevc, G. (1995) Skin penetration by phospholipid vesicles, transfersomes, as visualized by means of the confocal laser scanning microscopy. In: G. Cevc and F. Paltauf (Eds), Phospholipids: Characterization. Metabolism and Novel Biological Applications, AOCS Press, Champaign, IL, pp. 189-207.
    • (1995) Phospholipids: Characterization. Metabolism and Novel Biological Applications , pp. 189-207
    • Schätzlein, A.1    Cevc, G.2
  • 56
    • 0025012919 scopus 로고
    • An optimized freeze fracture replication procedure for human skin
    • Holman, B.P., Spies, F. and Bodde, H.E. (1990) An optimized freeze fracture replication procedure for human skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 94, 332-335.
    • (1990) J. Invest. Dermatol. , vol.94 , pp. 332-335
    • Holman, B.P.1    Spies, F.2    Bodde, H.E.3
  • 58
    • 0342574101 scopus 로고
    • Past, present and future of liposome cosmetics
    • O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds), Springer, Berlin
    • Meybeck, A. (1992) Past, present and future of liposome cosmetics. In: O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds), Liposome Dermatics, Springer, Berlin, pp. 341-345.
    • (1992) Liposome Dermatics , pp. 341-345
    • Meybeck, A.1
  • 59
    • 0026502264 scopus 로고
    • How deep do intact liposomes penetrate into human skin?
    • Lasch, J., Laub, R. and Wohlrab, W. (1991) How deep do intact liposomes penetrate into human skin? J. Control. Release 18, 55-58.
    • (1991) J. Control. Release , vol.18 , pp. 55-58
    • Lasch, J.1    Laub, R.2    Wohlrab, W.3
  • 60
    • 0037790253 scopus 로고
    • Mode of action of topically applied liposomes in dermatology and cosmetics
    • Schubert, R., Joos, M., Deicher, M. and Lasch, J. (1992) Mode of action of topically applied liposomes in dermatology and cosmetics. Proceedings of MoBBEL.
    • (1992) Proceedings of MoBBEL
    • Schubert, R.1    Joos, M.2    Deicher, M.3    Lasch, J.4
  • 61
    • 0004939419 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the structure of the stratum corneum induced by liposomes
    • O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds), Springer, Berlin
    • Bouwstra, J.A., Holland, H.E., Spies, F., Gooris, G.S. and Junginger, H.E. (1992) Changes in the structure of the stratum corneum induced by liposomes. In: O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds), Liposome Dermatics, Springer, Berlin, pp. 121-136.
    • (1992) Liposome Dermatics , pp. 121-136
    • Bouwstra, J.A.1    Holland, H.E.2    Spies, F.3    Gooris, G.S.4    Junginger, H.E.5
  • 62
    • 0343008282 scopus 로고
    • The structure of the main barrier of the skin, the stratum corneum; changes in this structure after incubation with alkyl-azones or liposomes
    • G. Cevc and F. Paltauf (Eds). AOCS Press, Champaign, IL
    • Bouwstra, J.A., Gooris, G.S., Salomons-de Vries, M.A. and Van den Berg, B.A.I. (1995) The structure of the main barrier of the skin, the stratum corneum; changes in this structure after incubation with alkyl-azones or liposomes. In: G. Cevc and F. Paltauf (Eds). Phospholipids: Characterization, Metabolism and Novel Biological Applications, AOCS Press, Champaign, IL, pp. 159-180.
    • (1995) Phospholipids: Characterization, Metabolism and Novel Biological Applications , pp. 159-180
    • Bouwstra, J.A.1    Gooris, G.S.2    Salomons-De Vries, M.A.3    Van Den Berg, B.A.I.4
  • 63
    • 0028952639 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of liposomes with the human skin lipid barrier: Hsclls as model system - Dsc of intact stratum corneum and in situ clsm of human skin
    • Lasch, J., Zellmer, S., Pfeil, W. and Schubert, R. (1995) Interaction of liposomes with the human skin lipid barrier: hsclls as model system - dsc of intact stratum corneum and in situ clsm of human skin. J. Liposome Res. 5, 99-109.
    • (1995) J. Liposome Res. , vol.5 , pp. 99-109
    • Lasch, J.1    Zellmer, S.2    Pfeil, W.3    Schubert, R.4
  • 64
    • 0029128104 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of phosphatidylcholine liposomes with the human stratum corneum
    • Zellmer, S., Pfeil, W. and Lasch, J. (1995) Interaction of phosphatidylcholine liposomes with the human stratum corneum. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1237, 176-182.
    • (1995) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1237 , pp. 176-182
    • Zellmer, S.1    Pfeil, W.2    Lasch, J.3
  • 65
    • 0025243367 scopus 로고
    • Dermal drug delivery by liposome encapsulation: Clinical and electron microscopic studies
    • Foldvari, M., Gesztes, A. and Mezei, M. (1990) Dermal drug delivery by liposome encapsulation: clinical and electron microscopic studies. J. Microencapsul. 7, 479-489.
    • (1990) J. Microencapsul. , vol.7 , pp. 479-489
    • Foldvari, M.1    Gesztes, A.2    Mezei, M.3
  • 66
    • 0027220849 scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous administration of liposomes: A comparison with the intravenous and intraporitoneal routes of injection
    • Allen, T.M., Hansen, C.B. and Guo, L.S.S. (1993) Subcutaneous administration of liposomes: a comparison with the intravenous and intraporitoneal routes of injection. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1150, 1509-16.
    • (1993) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1150 , pp. 1509-1516
    • Allen, T.M.1    Hansen, C.B.2    Guo, L.S.S.3
  • 67
    • 0001952493 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes as a skin drug delivery system
    • D.D. Breimer and P. Speiser (Eds), Elsevier, Amsterdam
    • Mezei, M. (1985) Liposomes as a skin drug delivery system. In: D.D. Breimer and P. Speiser (Eds), Topics in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 345-358.
    • (1985) Topics in Pharmaceutical Sciences , pp. 345-358
    • Mezei, M.1
  • 68
    • 0001847612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liposomes in the topical application of drugs: A review
    • Gregoriadis, G. (Ed.), John Wiley & Sons, New York
    • Mezei, M. (1998) Liposomes in the topical application of drugs: a review. In: Gregoriadis, G. (Ed.), Liposomes as Drug Carriers, John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 663-677.
    • (1998) Liposomes As Drug Carriers , pp. 663-677
    • Mezei, M.1
  • 70
    • 0026623516 scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of the penetration of dithranol and increase of effect of dithranol on the skin by liposomes
    • Gehring, W., Ghyczy, M., Gloor, M., Scheer, T. and Röding, J. (1992) Enhancement of the penetration of dithranol and increase of effect of dithranol on the skin by liposomes. Arzneimittelforsch./Drug Res. 42, 983-985.
    • (1992) Arzneimittelforsch./Drug Res. , vol.42 , pp. 983-985
    • Gehring, W.1    Ghyczy, M.2    Gloor, M.3    Scheer, T.4    Röding, J.5
  • 71
    • 0342574079 scopus 로고
    • Influence of various topical liposome preparations with and without active ingredients on the cutaneous blood flow
    • O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds). Springer, Berlin
    • Gehring, W., Klein, M. and Gloor, M. (1992) Influence of various topical liposome preparations with and without active ingredients on the cutaneous blood flow. In: O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds). Liposome Dermatics, Springer, Berlin, pp. 315-319.
    • (1992) Liposome Dermatics , pp. 315-319
    • Gehring, W.1    Klein, M.2    Gloor, M.3
  • 72
    • 0037790253 scopus 로고
    • Mode of action of topically applied liposomes in dermatology and cosmetics
    • Schubert, R., Joos, M., Deicher, M. and Lasch, J. (1992) Mode of action of topically applied liposomes in dermatology and cosmetics. Proc. Mobbel. 6, 20-32.
    • (1992) Proc. Mobbel. , vol.6 , pp. 20-32
    • Schubert, R.1    Joos, M.2    Deicher, M.3    Lasch, J.4
  • 73
    • 0343008278 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes and the skin
    • Mezei, M. (1993) Liposomes and the skin. Drug Targeting Deliv. 2, 125-135.
    • (1993) Drug Targeting Deliv. , vol.2 , pp. 125-135
    • Mezei, M.1
  • 74
    • 0027138662 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes: A promising future for dermatocosmetology and clinical dermatology
    • Raskovic, D. and Piazza, P. (1993) Liposomes: A promising future for dermatocosmetology and clinical dermatology. J. Liposome Res. 3, 737-751.
    • (1993) J. Liposome Res. , vol.3 , pp. 737-751
    • Raskovic, D.1    Piazza, P.2
  • 79
    • 0019309326 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes - A selective drug delivery system for the topical route of administration
    • Mezei, M. and Gulasekharam, V. (1980) Liposomes - a selective drug delivery system for the topical route of administration. Lotion dosage form. Life Sci. 26, 1473-1477.
    • (1980) Lotion Dosage Form. Life Sci. , vol.26 , pp. 1473-1477
    • Mezei, M.1    Gulasekharam, V.2
  • 80
    • 0021171968 scopus 로고
    • Liposomen als wirksloffträger in der percutanen therapie
    • Krowczynski, L. and Stozek, T. (1984) Liposomen als Wirksloffträger in der percutanen Therapie. Pharmazie 39, 627-629.
    • (1984) Pharmazie , vol.39 , pp. 627-629
    • Krowczynski, L.1    Stozek, T.2
  • 81
    • 0008665943 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes and the skin
    • G. Gregoridadis, A. T. Florence and H. Patel (Eds), Harwood Academic Publishers, Switzerland
    • Mezei, M. (1993) Liposomes and the skin. In: G. Gregoridadis, A. T. Florence and H. Patel (Eds), Liposomes in Drug Delivery, Harwood Academic Publishers, Switzerland, pp. 124-135.
    • (1993) Liposomes in Drug Delivery , pp. 124-135
    • Mezei, M.1
  • 82
    • 0025831260 scopus 로고
    • Topical application of liposomally entrapped cyclosporin evaluated by in vitro diffusion studies with human skin
    • Egbaria, K., Ramachandran, C. and Weiner, N. (1991) Topical application of liposomally entrapped cyclosporin evaluated by in vitro diffusion studies with human skin. Skin Pharmacol. 4, 21-28.
    • (1991) Skin Pharmacol. , vol.4 , pp. 21-28
    • Egbaria, K.1    Ramachandran, C.2    Weiner, N.3
  • 83
    • 0027437543 scopus 로고
    • Influence of liposomal composition on topical delivery of encapsulated cyclosporin a. 1. An in vitro study using hairless mouse skin
    • Dowton, S.M., Hu, Z., Ramachandran, C., Wallach, D.F.H. and Weiner, N. (1993) Influence of liposomal composition on topical delivery of encapsulated cyclosporin A. 1. An in vitro study using hairless mouse skin. STP Pharm. Sci. 3, 404-407.
    • (1993) STP Pharm. Sci. , vol.3 , pp. 404-407
    • Dowton, S.M.1    Hu, Z.2    Ramachandran, C.3    Wallach, D.F.H.4    Weiner, N.5
  • 84
    • 0027324474 scopus 로고
    • Cutaneous bioavailability in hairless rats of tretinoin in liposomes or gel
    • Masini, V., Bonte, F., Meybeck, A. and Wepierre, J. (1993) Cutaneous bioavailability in hairless rats of tretinoin in liposomes or gel. J. Pharm. Sci. 82, 17-21.
    • (1993) J. Pharm. Sci. , vol.82 , pp. 17-21
    • Masini, V.1    Bonte, F.2    Meybeck, A.3    Wepierre, J.4
  • 85
    • 0003135961 scopus 로고
    • Biodisposition and histological evaluation of topically applied retinoic acid in liposomal, cream and gel dosage forms
    • I. Hanin and G. Pepeu (Eds), Plenum Press, New York
    • Foong, W.C., Harsanyi, B.B. and Mezei, M. (1990) Biodisposition and histological evaluation of topically applied retinoic acid in liposomal, cream and gel dosage forms. In: I. Hanin and G. Pepeu (Eds), Phospholipids - Biochemical. Pharmaceutical and Analytical Considerations, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 279-282.
    • (1990) Phospholipids - Biochemical. Pharmaceutical and Analytical Considerations , pp. 279-282
    • Foong, W.C.1    Harsanyi, B.B.2    Mezei, M.3
  • 86
    • 0022455643 scopus 로고
    • Stratum corneum lipid abnormalities in surfactant-induced dry scaly skin
    • Fulmer, A.W. and Kramer, G.J. (1986) Stratum corneum lipid abnormalities in surfactant-induced dry scaly skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 86, 598-602.
    • (1986) J. Invest. Dermatol. , vol.86 , pp. 598-602
    • Fulmer, A.W.1    Kramer, G.J.2
  • 87
    • 0026672778 scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive percutaneous induction of topical analgesia by a new type of drug carrier, and prolongation of local pain insensitivity by anesthetic liposomes
    • Planas, M.E., Gonzalez, P., Rodriguez, L., Sanchez, S. and Cevc, G. (1992) Noninvasive percutaneous induction of topical analgesia by a new type of drug carrier, and prolongation of local pain insensitivity by anesthetic liposomes. Anesth. Analg. 75, 615-621.
    • (1992) Anesth. Analg. , vol.75 , pp. 615-621
    • Planas, M.E.1    Gonzalez, P.2    Rodriguez, L.3    Sanchez, S.4    Cevc, G.5
  • 89
    • 0012774428 scopus 로고
    • Liposomally encapsulated active ingredients penetrate through the follicle
    • O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds), Springer, Berlin
    • Lieb, L.M., Ramachandran, C. and Weiner, N. (1992) Liposomally encapsulated active ingredients penetrate through the follicle. In: O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds), Liposome Dermatics. Springer, Berlin, pp. 200-205.
    • (1992) Liposome Dermatics , pp. 200-205
    • Lieb, L.M.1    Ramachandran, C.2    Weiner, N.3
  • 90
    • 0027997004 scopus 로고
    • Follicular (pilosebaceous unit) deposition and pharmacological behavior of cimetidine as a function of formulation
    • Lieb, L.M., Flynn, G. and Weiner, N. (1994) Follicular (pilosebaceous unit) deposition and pharmacological behavior of cimetidine as a function of formulation. Pharm. Res. 11, 419-423.
    • (1994) Pharm. Res. , vol.11 , pp. 419-423
    • Lieb, L.M.1    Flynn, G.2    Weiner, N.3
  • 91
    • 85030192139 scopus 로고
    • Ultraflexible vesicles, transfersomes, have an extremely low permeation esistance and transport therapeutic amounts of insulin across the intact mammalian skin
    • submitted
    • Cevc, G., Gebauer, D., Schätzlein, A. and Blume, G. (1995) Ultraflexible vesicles, transfersomes, have an extremely low permeation esistance and transport therapeutic amounts of insulin across the intact mammalian skin. Biotechnology, submitted.
    • (1995) Biotechnology
    • Cevc, G.1    Gebauer, D.2    Schätzlein, A.3    Blume, G.4
  • 92
    • 0001803152 scopus 로고
    • In vitro percutaneous absorption and in vivo distribution of retinoic acid liposomes and in a gel studied on hairless rats
    • Masini, V., Bonté, F., Meybeck, A. and Wepierre, J. (1990) In vitro percutaneous absorption and in vivo distribution of retinoic acid liposomes and in a gel studied on hairless rats. Proc. Int. Symp. Control. Release Bioact. Mater. 17, 425-426.
    • (1990) Proc. Int. Symp. Control. Release Bioact. Mater. , vol.17 , pp. 425-426
    • Masini, V.1    Bonté, F.2    Meybeck, A.3    Wepierre, J.4
  • 93
    • 0002376437 scopus 로고
    • Comedolytic activity of a liposomal antiacne drug in an experimental model
    • O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds). Springer, Berlin
    • Meybeck, A. (1992) Comedolytic activity of a liposomal antiacne drug in an experimental model. In: O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds). Liposome Dermatics, Springer, Berlin, pp. 235-241.
    • (1992) Liposome Dermatics , pp. 235-241
    • Meybeck, A.1
  • 94
    • 0343879729 scopus 로고
    • Preparation of retinoic acid liposomes for cutaneous administration
    • Thibault, B. and Poelman, M.C. (1989) Preparation of retinoic acid liposomes for cutaneous administration. Congr. Int. Technol. Pharm. 5, 395-398.
    • (1989) Congr. Int. Technol. Pharm. , vol.5 , pp. 395-398
    • Thibault, B.1    Poelman, M.C.2
  • 95
    • 0028023999 scopus 로고
    • Determination of retinoic acid-liposomal association level in a topical formulation
    • Bonte, F., Chevalier, J.M. and Meybeck, A. (1994) Determination of retinoic acid-liposomal association level in a topical formulation. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. 20, 2527-2534.
    • (1994) Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm. , vol.20 , pp. 2527-2534
    • Bonte, F.1    Chevalier, J.M.2    Meybeck, A.3
  • 97
    • 0342574069 scopus 로고
    • New vehicle to enhance the biological performances of active cosmetic ingredients
    • Barcelona
    • Redziniak, G., Meybeck, A. and Perrier, P. (1986) New vehicle to enhance the biological performances of active cosmetic ingredients. Proc. 14th IFSCC Congress. Barcelona, Vol. 1, pp. 299-307.
    • (1986) Proc. 14th IFSCC Congress , vol.1 , pp. 299-307
    • Redziniak, G.1    Meybeck, A.2    Perrier, P.3
  • 98
    • 0025598348 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes from soya phospholipids as percutaneous drug carriers. 1st communication: Qualitative in vivo investigations with antibody-loaded liposomes
    • Artmann, C., Roeding, J., Ghyczy, M. and Pratzel, H.G. (1990) Liposomes from soya phospholipids as percutaneous drug carriers. 1st communication: Qualitative in vivo investigations with antibody-loaded liposomes. Arzneim.-Forsch./Drug Res. 40, 1363-1365.
    • (1990) Arzneim.-Forsch./Drug Res. , vol.40 , pp. 1363-1365
    • Artmann, C.1    Roeding, J.2    Ghyczy, M.3    Pratzel, H.G.4
  • 99
    • 0025648895 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes from soya phospholipids as percutaneous drug carriers: 2nd communication: Quantitative in vivo investigations with radioactively labelled liposomes
    • Artmann, C., Roeding, J., Ghyczy, M. and Pratzel, H.G. (1990) Liposomes from soya phospholipids as percutaneous drug carriers: 2nd communication: Quantitative in vivo investigations with radioactively labelled liposomes. Arzneim.-Forsch/Drug Res. 40, 1365-1367.
    • (1990) Arzneim.-Forsch/Drug Res. , vol.40 , pp. 1365-1367
    • Artmann, C.1    Roeding, J.2    Ghyczy, M.3    Pratzel, H.G.4
  • 101
    • 0027317461 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes for atopic dry skin: The rationale for a promising approach
    • Schmid, M.H. and Korting, H.C. (1993) Liposomes for atopic dry skin: the rationale for a promising approach. Clin. Invest. 71, 649-653.
    • (1993) Clin. Invest. , vol.71 , pp. 649-653
    • Schmid, M.H.1    Korting, H.C.2
  • 102
    • 0024372134 scopus 로고
    • The effect of entrapment of procaine hydrochloride in liposomes on its local anesthetic action
    • Stozek, T. and Krowczynski, L. (1989) The effect of entrapment of procaine hydrochloride in liposomes on its local anesthetic action. Pharmazie 44, 466-468.
    • (1989) Pharmazie , vol.44 , pp. 466-468
    • Stozek, T.1    Krowczynski, L.2
  • 103
    • 0023797362 scopus 로고
    • Topical anesthesia of the skin by liposome-encapsulated tetracaine
    • Gesztes, A. and Mezei, M. (1988) Topical anesthesia of the skin by liposome-encapsulated tetracaine. Anesth. Analg. 67, 1079-81.
    • (1988) Anesth. Analg. , vol.67 , pp. 1079-1081
    • Gesztes, A.1    Mezei, M.2
  • 104
    • 0025301837 scopus 로고
    • Topical liposomal delivery of antibiotics in soft tissue infection
    • Price, C.I., Horton, J.W. and Baxter, C.R. (1990) Topical liposomal delivery of antibiotics in soft tissue infection. J. Surg. Res. 49, 174-178.
    • (1990) J. Surg. Res. , vol.49 , pp. 174-178
    • Price, C.I.1    Horton, J.W.2    Baxter, C.R.3
  • 105
    • 0026784782 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes with clindamycin hydrochloride in the therapy of acne vulgaris
    • Škalko, N., Čajkovac, M. and Jelšenjak, I. (1992) Liposomes with clindamycin hydrochloride in the therapy of acne vulgaris. Int. J. Pharm. 85, 97-101.
    • (1992) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.85 , pp. 97-101
    • Škalko, N.1    Čajkovac, M.2    Jelšenjak, I.3
  • 106
    • 12644318063 scopus 로고
    • Comparative activity of a liposomal and a conventional econazole preparation for topical use according to a guinea pig tinea model
    • O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds), Springer, Berlin
    • Hänel, H., Braun, B. and Jovic, N. (1992) Comparative activity of a liposomal and a conventional econazole preparation for topical use according to a guinea pig tinea model. In: O. Braun-Falco, H.C. Korting and H.I. Maibach (Eds), Liposome Dermatics, Springer, Berlin, pp. 251-257.
    • (1992) Liposome Dermatics , pp. 251-257
    • Hänel, H.1    Braun, B.2    Jovic, N.3
  • 107
    • 0026667014 scopus 로고
    • Topical delivery of liposomally encapsulated gamma-interferon
    • Du Plessis, J., Egbaria, K. Rachmandran, C. and Weiner, N. (1992) Topical delivery of liposomally encapsulated gamma-interferon. Antiviral Res. 18, 259-265.
    • (1992) Antiviral Res. , vol.18 , pp. 259-265
    • Du Plessis, J.1    Egbaria, K.2    Rachmandran, C.3    Weiner, N.4
  • 108
    • 0041931132 scopus 로고
    • Absorption and excretion of indomethacin gel ointment containing egg lecithin
    • Natsuki, T., Tomomichi, S., Matsuo, R., Takabatake, E. and Nakanishi, M. (1986) Absorption and excretion of indomethacin gel ointment containing egg lecithin. J. Pharmacobio-Dyn. 9, s-12.
    • (1986) J. Pharmacobio-Dyn. , vol.9 , pp. 12
    • Natsuki, T.1    Tomomichi, S.2    Matsuo, R.3    Takabatake, E.N.M.4
  • 109
    • 0026667858 scopus 로고
    • Effect of liposomes on percutaneous penetration of lipophilic materials
    • Michel, C., Purmann, T., Mentrup, E., Michel, G. and Kreuter, J. (1992) Effect of liposomes on percutaneous penetration of lipophilic materials. Int. J. Pharm. 84, 93-105.
    • (1992) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.84 , pp. 93-105
    • Michel, C.1    Purmann, T.2    Mentrup, E.3    Michel, G.4    Kreuter, J.5
  • 110
    • 0021257379 scopus 로고
    • Influence of liposomal drug entrapment on percutaneous absorption
    • Ganesanm M.G.m Weiner, N.D., Flynn, G.L. and Ho, N.F.H. (1984) Influence of liposomal drug entrapment on percutaneous absorption. Int. J. Pharm. 20, 139-154.
    • (1984) Int. J. Pharm. , vol.20 , pp. 139-154
    • Ganesanm, M.G.M.1    Weiner, N.D.2    Flynn, G.L.3    Ho, N.F.H.4
  • 111
    • 0022972554 scopus 로고
    • Liposome-bound cortisol: A new approach to cutaneous therapy
    • Lasch, J. and Wohlrab, W. (1986) Liposome-bound cortisol: a new approach to cutaneous therapy. Biomed. Biochim. Acta 45, 1295-1259.
    • (1986) Biomed. Biochim. Acta , vol.45 , pp. 1295-11259
    • Lasch, J.1    Wohlrab, W.2
  • 112
    • 0023201649 scopus 로고
    • Penetration kinetics of liposomal nedrocortisone in human skin
    • Wohlrab, W. and Lasch, J. (1987) Penetration kinetics of liposomal nedrocortisone in human skin. Dermatologies 174, 18-22.
    • (1987) Dermatologies , vol.174 , pp. 18-22
    • Wohlrab, W.1    Lasch, J.2
  • 113
    • 0024270210 scopus 로고
    • Effect of phosphtidyl choline on the topical bioavialability of corticosteroids assessed by the human skin blanching assay
    • Jacobs, M., Martin, U.K. and Mariott, C. (1988) Effect of phosphtidyl choline on the topical bioavialability of corticosteroids assessed by the human skin blanching assay. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 40, 829-833.
    • (1988) J. Pharm. Pharmacol. , vol.40 , pp. 829-833
    • Jacobs, M.1    Martin, U.K.2    Mariott, C.3
  • 114
    • 0025114527 scopus 로고
    • Liposome encapsulation improves efficacy of betamethasone diproprionate in atopic eczema but not in psoriasis vulgaris
    • Korting, H.C., Zienicke, H., Schäfer-Korting, M. and Braun-Falco, O. (1990) Liposome encapsulation improves efficacy of betamethasone diproprionate in atopic eczema but not in psoriasis vulgaris. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 39, 349-351.
    • (1990) Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.39 , pp. 349-351
    • Korting, H.C.1    Zienicke, H.2    Schäfer-Korting, M.3    Braun-Falco, O.4
  • 116
    • 0027056454 scopus 로고
    • Product, delivering liposomes specifically target hair follicles in histocultured intact skin [letter]
    • Li, L., Margolis, L.B., Lishko, V.K. and Hoffman, R.M. (1991) Product, delivering liposomes specifically target hair follicles in histocultured intact skin [letter]. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. 28A, 679-681.
    • (1991) In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. , vol.28 A , pp. 679-681
    • Li, L.1    Margolis, L.B.2    Lishko, V.K.3    Hoffman, R.M.4
  • 117
    • 0002439679 scopus 로고
    • Dermal insulin
    • M. Berger and A. Gries (Eds), Stuttgart
    • Cevc, G. (1993) Dermal insulin. In: M. Berger and A. Gries (Eds), Frontiers in Insulin Pharmacology, Georg Thieme, Stuttgart, pp. 161-169.
    • (1993) Frontiers in Insulin Pharmacology, Georg Thieme , pp. 161-169
    • Cevc, G.1
  • 118
    • 0002419024 scopus 로고
    • Ultra-high efficiency of drug and peptide transfer through the intact skin by means of novel drug carriers, transfersomes
    • K.R. Brain, V.J. James and K.A. Walters (Eds). 14-16 April 1993, STS Publishing, Cardiff
    • Cevc, G., Schätzlein, A., Gebauer, D. and Blume, G. (1993) Ultra-high efficiency of drug and peptide transfer through the intact skin by means of novel drug carriers, transfersomes. In: K.R. Brain, V.J. James and K.A. Walters (Eds). Prediction of Percutaneous Penetration. 3rd International Conference, 14-16 April 1993, 56ol. 3b. STS Publishing, Cardiff, pp. 226-236.
    • (1993) Prediction of Percutaneous Penetration. 3rd International Conference , vol.3 B , pp. 226-236
    • Cevc, G.1    Schätzlein, A.2    Gebauer, D.3    Blume, G.4
  • 119
    • 0025370991 scopus 로고
    • Topical delivery of cyclosporin: Evaluation of various formulations using in vitro diffusion studies in hairless mouse skin
    • Egbaria, K., Ramachandran, C. and Weiner, N. (1990) Topical delivery of cyclosporin: evaluation of various formulations using in vitro diffusion studies in hairless mouse skin. Skin Pharmacol. 3, 21-28.
    • (1990) Skin Pharmacol. , vol.3 , pp. 21-28
    • Egbaria, K.1    Ramachandran, C.2    Weiner, N.3
  • 120
    • 0027153975 scopus 로고
    • Liposomes can specifically target entrapped melanin to hair follicles in histocultured skin
    • Li, L., Lishko, V.K. and Hoffman, R.M. (1993) Liposomes can specifically target entrapped melanin to hair follicles in histocultured skin. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. 29A, 192-194.
    • (1993) In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. , vol.29 A , pp. 192-194
    • Li, L.1    Lishko, V.K.2    Hoffman, R.M.3
  • 121
    • 85030191296 scopus 로고
    • Melanin-containing liposomes for sunless skin tanning
    • Patent 386680
    • Agin, P.P. and Plough Inc. (1990) Melanin-containing liposomes for sunless skin tanning, Eur. Pat. Appl. Ep., Patent 386680.
    • (1990) Eur. Pat. Appl. Ep.
    • Agin, P.P.1    Plough, I.2
  • 122
    • 0023228056 scopus 로고
    • Decreased skin superoxide dismutase activity by a single exoposure of ultraviolet radiation is reduced by liposomal superoxide dismutase pretreatment
    • Miyachi, Y., Imamura, S. and Niwa, Y. (1987) Decreased skin superoxide dismutase activity by a single exoposure of ultraviolet radiation is reduced by liposomal superoxide dismutase pretreatment. J. Invest. Dermatol. 89, 111-112.
    • (1987) J. Invest. Dermatol. , vol.89 , pp. 111-112
    • Miyachi, Y.1    Imamura, S.2    Niwa, Y.3
  • 123
    • 0024422441 scopus 로고
    • Significance of reactive oxygen species in distal flap necrosis and its salvage with liposomal sod
    • Suzuki, S., Miyachi, Y. Niwa, Y. and Isshiki, N. (1989) Significance of reactive oxygen species in distal flap necrosis and its salvage with liposomal sod. Br. J. Plast. Surg. 42, 559-564.
    • (1989) Br. J. Plast. Surg. , vol.42 , pp. 559-564
    • Suzuki, S.1    Miyachi, Y.2    Niwa, Y.3    Isshiki, N.4
  • 124
    • 0027197775 scopus 로고
    • Radiation, induced cutaneous, muscular fibrosis: II. Major therapeutic efficacy of liposomal Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase
    • Paris
    • Lefaix, J.L., Delanian, S., Leplat, J.J., Tricaud, M., Martin, Y., Hoffschir, D., Daburon, F. and Baillet, F. (1993) Radiation, induced cutaneous, muscular fibrosis: II. Major therapeutic efficacy of liposomal Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Bull. Cancer (Paris) 80, 799-807.
    • (1993) Bull. Cancer , vol.80 , pp. 799-807
    • Lefaix, J.L.1    Delanian, S.2    Leplat, J.J.3    Tricaud, M.4    Martin, Y.5    Hoffschir, D.6    Daburon, F.7    Baillet, F.8
  • 125
    • 0028800099 scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive administration of protein antigens, transdermal immunization with the bovine serum albumin in transfersomes
    • Paul, A. and Cevc, G. (1995) Non-invasive administration of protein antigens, transdermal immunization with the bovine serum albumin in transfersomes. Vaccine Res. 4, 145-163.
    • (1995) Vaccine Res. , vol.4 , pp. 145-163
    • Paul, A.1    Cevc, G.2
  • 126
    • 0029558813 scopus 로고
    • Transdermal immunization with large proteins by means of ultradeformable drug carriers
    • in press
    • Paul, A., Cevc, G. and Bachhawat, B.K. (1995) Transdermal immunization with large proteins by means of ultradeformable drug carriers. Eur. J. Immunol., in press.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Immunol.
    • Paul, A.1    Cevc, G.2    Bachhawat, B.K.3
  • 127
    • 0024950457 scopus 로고
    • Liposome preparations: A step forward in topical drug therapy for skin disease? a review
    • Schäfer-Korting, M., Korting, H.C. and Braun-Falco, O. (1989) Liposome preparations: a step forward in topical drug therapy for skin disease? A review. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 21, 1271-1275.
    • (1989) J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. , vol.21 , pp. 1271-1275
    • Schäfer-Korting, M.1    Korting, H.C.2    Braun-Falco, O.3
  • 128
    • 0028258955 scopus 로고
    • Topical liposome system bearing local anaesthetic lignocaine: Preparation and evaluation
    • Sharma, B.B., Jain, S.K. and Vyas, S.P. (1994) Topical liposome system bearing local anaesthetic lignocaine: preparation and evaluation. J. Microencapsul. 11, 279-286.
    • (1994) J. Microencapsul. , vol.11 , pp. 279-286
    • Sharma, B.B.1    Jain, S.K.2    Vyas, S.P.3
  • 129
    • 0024409448 scopus 로고
    • The effect of liposomal incorporation of topically applied hydrocortisone on its serum concentration and urinary excretion
    • Wohlrab, W. and Lasch, J. (1989) The effect of liposomal incorporation of topically applied hydrocortisone on its serum concentration and urinary excretion. Dermatol. Monatsschr. 175, 348-352.
    • (1989) Dermatol. Monatsschr. , vol.175 , pp. 348-352
    • Wohlrab, W.1    Lasch, J.2
  • 130
    • 0011916670 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of hirsutism with liposomal progesterone
    • Rowe, T.C., Mezei, M. and Hilchie, J. (1986) Treatment of hirsutism with liposomal progesterone. Prostate 5, 346-347.
    • (1986) Prostate , vol.5 , pp. 346-347
    • Rowe, T.C.1    Mezei, M.2    Hilchie, J.3
  • 131
    • 0022595435 scopus 로고
    • Photosensitization of mammalian cells by psoralens and porphyrins
    • Moreno, G. (1986) Photosensitization of mammalian cells by psoralens and porphyrins. Biochimic 68, 869-873.
    • (1986) Biochimic , vol.68 , pp. 869-873
    • Moreno, G.1
  • 133
    • 0027428626 scopus 로고
    • Influence of phospholipid liposomes (pll) on UVB, induced erythema formation
    • Thiele, B., Ghyczy, M., Lunow, C., Teichert, H.M. and Wolff, H.H. (1993) Influence of phospholipid liposomes (pll) on UVB, induced erythema formation. Arch. Dermatol. Res. 285, 428-431.
    • (1993) Arch. Dermatol. Res. , vol.285 , pp. 428-431
    • Thiele, B.1    Ghyczy, M.2    Lunow, C.3    Teichert, H.M.4    Wolff, H.H.5
  • 135
    • 0028100544 scopus 로고
    • Molecular and cellular studies of hyaluronic acid-modified liposomes as bioadhesive carriers for topical drug delivery in wound healing
    • Yerushalmi, N., Arad, A. and Margalit, R. (1994) Molecular and cellular studies of hyaluronic acid-modified liposomes as bioadhesive carriers for topical drug delivery in wound healing. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 313, 267-273.
    • (1994) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.313 , pp. 267-273
    • Yerushalmi, N.1    Arad, A.2    Margalit, R.3
  • 137
    • 0015971891 scopus 로고
    • Phase behavior and structure of aqueous dispersions of sphingomyelin
    • Shipley, G.G., Avecilla, L.S. and Small, D.M. (1974) Phase behavior and structure of aqueous dispersions of sphingomyelin. J. Lipid Res. 15, 124-131.
    • (1974) J. Lipid Res. , vol.15 , pp. 124-131
    • Shipley, G.G.1    Avecilla, L.S.2    Small, D.M.3
  • 138
    • 0028906120 scopus 로고
    • Phase and phase transitions of the sphingolipids
    • Koynova, R. and Caffrey, M. (1995) Phase and phase transitions of the sphingolipids. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1255, 213-236.
    • (1995) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1255 , pp. 213-236
    • Koynova, R.1    Caffrey, M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.