D-Amino acid oxidase: Structure, catalytic mechanism, and practical application

Biochemistry (Moscow)

Volumn 70, Issue 1, 2005, Pages 40-54

  Tishkov, V I ^a   Khoronenkova, S V ^a  

^a MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

Cloning; D amino acid oxidase; Expression; Protein engineering; Rhodotorula gracilis; Stability; Trigonopsis variabilis

Indexed keywords

BIOCATALYSTS; BIOSYNTHESIS; CLONING; ENZYME KINETICS; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; PROTEINS;

D-AMINO ACID OXIDASE; GENE EXPRESSION; PROTEIN ENGINEERING; RHODOTORULA GRACILIS; TRIGONOPSIS VARIABILIS;

AMINO ACIDS;

AMINO ACID; DEXTRO AMINO ACID OXIDASE;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMAL; CATALYSIS; CHEMISTRY; ENZYME SPECIFICITY; ENZYME STABILITY; HUMAN; KINETICS; METABOLISM; MOLECULAR CLONING; MOLECULAR GENETICS; PROTEIN QUATERNARY STRUCTURE; REVIEW;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; AMINO ACIDS; ANIMALS; CATALYSIS; CLONING, MOLECULAR; D-AMINO-ACID OXIDASE; ENZYME STABILITY; HUMANS; KINETICS; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY; SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY;

EID: 14844283777     PISSN: 00062979     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10541-005-0004-8     Document Type: Review

References (134)

1. Ghisla, S., and Massey, V. (1989) Eur. J. Blochem., 181, 1-17.
2. Palfey, B. A., and Massey, V. (1996) in Comprehensive Biochemical Catalysis (Sinnott, M., ed.) Academic Press, N.Y., pp. 83-154.
3. Swoboda, B. E. (1969) Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 175, 365-379.
4. Choong, Y. S., Shepherd, M. G., and Sullivan, P. A. (1975) Biochem. J., 145, 37-45.
5. Massey, V., and Harris, C. M. (1997) Biochem. Soc. Trans., 25, 750-755.
6. Vermilion, J. L., and Coon, J. M. (1978) J. Biol. Chem., 253, 8812-8819.
7. Stritmatter, P. (1961) J. Biol. Chem., 236, 2329-2335.
8. Krebs, H. A. (1935) Biochem. J., 29, 1620-1644.
9. Conlon, H. D., Baqai, J., Baker, K., Shen, Y. Q., Wong, B. L., Noiles, R., and Rausch, C. W. (1995) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 46, 510-513.
10. Kurochkina, V. B., and Nys, P. S. (2002) Antibiot. Khimioterap., 47, 29-37.
11. Brodelius, P., Nilsson, K., and Mosbach, K. (1981) Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 6, 293-308.
12. Beard, T. M., and Turner, N. J. (2002) Chem. Commun. (Camb.), 3, 246-247.
13. Nakajima, N., Conrad, D., Sumi, H., Suzuki, K., Esaki, N., Wandrey, C., and Soda, K. (1990) J. Ferm. Bioeng., 70, 322-325.
14. Van Staden, J. F., Stefan, R. I., and Aboul-Enein, H. Y. (2000) Fresenius J. Analyt. Chem., 367, 178-180.
15. Dominguez, R., Serra, B., Reviejo, A. J., and Pingarron, J. M. (2001) Analyt. Biochem., 298, 275-282.
16. Inaba, Y., Mizukami, K., Hamada-Sato, N., Kobayashi, T., Imada, C., and Watanabe, E. (2003) Biosens. Bioelectron., 19, 423-431.
17. Mizutani, H., Miyahara, I., Hirotsu, K., Nishina, Y., Shiga, K., Setoyama, C., and Miura, R. (1996) J. Biochem. (Tokyo), 120, 14-17.
18. Mattevi, A., Vanonl, M. A., Todone, F., Rizzi, M., Bolognesi, M., Coda, A., and Curti, B. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 93, 7496-7501.
19. Pilone, M. S. (2000) Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 57, 1732-1747.
20. Fraaije, M. W., and Mattevi, A. (2000) Trends Biochem. Sci., 25, 126-132.
21. Curti, B., Ronchi, S., and Pilone, M. S. (1992) in Chemistry and Biochemistry of Flavoenzymes (Mueller, F., ed.) Vol. 3, CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 69-94.
22. Cole, S. T., Brosch, R., Parkhill, J., Garnier, T., Churcher, C., Harris, D., Gordon, S. V., Eiglmeier, K., Gas, S., Barry III, C. E., Tekaia, F., Badcock, K., Basham, D., Brown, D., Chillingworth, T., Connor, R., Davies, R., Devlin, K., Feltwell, T., Gentles, S., Hamlin, N., Holroyd, S., Hornsby, T., Jagels, K., Krogh, A., McLean, J., Moule, S., Murphy, L., Oliver, S., Osborne, J., Quail, M. A., Rajandream, M. A., Rogers, J., Rutter, S., Seeger, K., Skelton, S., Squares, S., Sqares, R., Sulston, J. E., Taylor, K., Whitehead, S., and Barrell, B. G. (1998) Nature, 393, 537-544.
23. Camus, J. C., Pryor, M. J., Medigue, C., and Cole, S. T. (2002) Microbiol., 148, 2967-2973.
24. Omura, S., Ikeda, H., Ishikawa, J., Hanamoto, A., Takahashi, C., Shinose, M., Takahashi, Y., Horikawa, H., Nakazawa, H., Osonoe, T., Kikuchi, H., Shiba, T., Sakaki, Y., and Hattori, M. (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 98, 12215-12220.
25. Hils, M., Munch, P., Altenbuchner, J., Syldatk, C., and Mattes, R. (2001) Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 57, 680-688.
26. Barbe, V., Valenet, D., Fonknechten, N., Kreimeyer, A., Oztas, S., Labarre, L., Cruveiller, S., Robert, C., Duprat, S., Wincker, P., Ornston, L. N., Weissenbach, J., Marliere, P., Cohen, G. N., and Medigue, C. (2004) Nucleic Acids Res., in press.
27. Meister, A. (1965) in Biochemistry of the Amino Acids, 2nd Edn., Vol. 1, Academic Press, N. Y., pp. 297-304.
28. Pistorius, E. K., and Voss, H. A. (1977) Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 481, 395-406.
29. Sikora, L., and Marzluf, G. A. (1982) Mol Genet. Gen., 186, 33-39.
30. Benz, F., Liersch, M., Nuesch, J., and Treichler, H. J. (1971) Eur. J. Biochem., 20, 81-88.
31. Isogai, T., Ono, H., Ishitani, Y., Kojo, H., Ueda, Y., and Kohsaka, M. (1990) J. Biochem. (Tokyo), 108, 1063-1069.
32. Sentheshanmuganathan, S., and Nickerson, W. J. (1962) J. Gen. Microbiol., 27, 465-471.
33. Schräder, T., and Andreesen, J. R. (1996) Arch. Microbiol., 165, 41-47.
34. Yoshizawa, M., Ueda, M., Mozaffar, S., and Tanaka, A. (1986) Agric. Biol. Chem., 50, 2637-2638.
35. Simonetta, M. P., Vanoni, M. A., and Curti, B. (1982) FEMS Microbiol. Rev., 15, 27-31.
36. Yurimoto, H., Hasegawa, T., Sakai, Y., and Kato, N. (2001) Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 65, 627-633.
37. Ikeda, H., Ishikawa, J., Hanamoto, A., Shinose, M., Kikuchi, H., Shiba, T., Sakaki, Y., Hattori, M., and Omura, S. (2003) Nat. Biotechnol., 21, 526-531.
38. Goodner, B., Hinkle, G., Gattung, S., Miller, N., Blanchard, M., Qurollo, B., Goldman, B. S., Cao, Y., Askenazi, M., Hailing, C., Mullin, L., Houmiel, K., Gordon, J., Vaudin, M., Iartchouk, O., Epp, A., Liu, F., Wollam, C., Allinger, M., Doughty, D., Scott, C., Lappas, C., Markelz, B., Flanagan, C., Crowell, C., Gurson, J., Lomo, C., Sear, C., Strub, G., Cielo, C., and Slater, S. (2001) Science, 294, 2323-2328.
39. La Rue, T. A., and Spencer, J. F. T. (1967) Can. J. Microbiol., 13, 777-788.
40. Momoi, K., Fukui, K., Watanabe, F., and Miyake, Y. (1988) FEBS Lett., 238, 180-184.
41. D'Aniello, A., D'Onofrio, G., Pischetola, M., D'Aniello, M., Vetere, A., Petrucelli, L., and Fisher, G. H. (1993) J. Biol. Chem., 268, 26941-26949.
42. Hasegawa, H., Matsukawa, T., Shinohara, Y., Konno, R., and Hashimoto, T. (2004) Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab., 287, 160-165.
43. Ohtani, S., Matsushima, Y., Ohira, H., and Watanabe, A. (1995) Growth Dev. Aging, 59, 55-61.
44. Poinar, H. N., Hoss, M., Bada, J. L., and Paabo, S. (1999) Science, 272, 864-866.
45. Man, E. H., Fisher, G. H., Payan, I. L., Cadilla-Perezrios, R., Garcia, N. M., Chemburkar, R., Arends, G., and Frey, W. H. (1987) J. Neurochem., 48, 510-515.
46. Schell, M. J., Molliver, M. E., and Snyder, S. H. (1995) Neurobiology, 92, 3948-3952.
47. Wolosker, H., Shetch, K. M., Takahashi, M., Mothet, J. P., Brady, R. O., Ferris, C. D., and Snyder, S. H. (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 721-725.
48. Hamase, K., Inoue, T., Morikawa, A., Konno, R., and Zaitsu, K. (2001) Analyt. Biochem., 298, 253-258.
49. Haradahira, T., Okauchi, T., Maeda, J., Zhang, M. R., Nishikawa, T., Konno, R., Suzuki, K., and Suhara, T. (2003) Synapse, 50, 130-136.
50. Stevens, E. R., Esguerra, M., Kim, P. M., Newman, E. A., Snyder, S. H., Zahs, K. R., and Miller, R. F. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 6789-6794.
51. Cloninger, C. R. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99, 13365-13367.
52. Chumakov, I., Blumenfeld, M., Guerassimenko, O., Cavarec, L., Palicio, M., Abderrahim, H., Bougueleret, L., Barry, C., Tanaka, H., La Rosa, P., Puech, A., Tahri, N., Cohen-Akenine, A., Delabrosse, S., Lissarrague, S., Picard, F. P., Maurice, K., Essioux, L., Millasseau, P., Grel, P., Debailleul, V., Simon, A. M., Caterina, D., Dufaure, I., Malekzadeh, K., Belova, M., Luan, J. J., Bouillot, M., Sambucy, J. L., Primas, G., Saumier, M., Boubkiri, N., Martin-Saumier, S., Nasroune, M., Peixoto, H., Delaye, A., Pinchot, V., Bastucci, M., Guillou, S., Chevillon, M., Sainz-Fuertes, R., Meguenni, S., Aurich-Costa, J., Cherif, D., Gimalac, A., van Duijn, C., Gauvreau, D., Ouellette, G., Fortier, I., Raelson, J., Sherbatich, T., Riazanskaia, N., Rogaev, E., Raeymaekers, P., Aerssens, J., Konings, F., Luyten, W., Macciardi, F., Sham, P. C., Straub, R. E., Weinberger, D. R., Cohen, N., Cohen, D., Ouelette, G., and Realson, J. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99, 13675-13680.
53. Harrison, P. J., and Owen, M. J. (2003) Lancet, 361, 417-419.
54. Schumacher, J., Jamra, R. A., Freudenberg, J., Becker, T., Ohlraun, S., Otte, A. C., Tullius, M., Kovalenko, S., Bogaert, A. V., Maier, W., Rietschel, M., Propping, P., Nothen, M. M., and Cichon, S. (2004) Mol. Psychiatry, 9, 203-207.
55. Sasamura, T., Matsuda, A., and Kokuba, Y. (2002) Ann. Clin. Biochem., 39, 595-598.
56. Fang, J., Sawa, T., Akaike, T., and Maeda, H. (2002) Cancer Res., 62, 3138-3143.
57. Fang, J., Sawa, T., Akaike, T., Greish, K., and Maeda, H. (2004) Int. J. Cancer, 109, 1-8.
58. Piubelli, L., Caldinelli, L., Molla, G., Pilone, M. S., and Pollegioni, L. (2002) FEBS Lett., 526, 43-48.
59. Settembre, E. C., Dorrestein, P. C., Park, J. H., Augustine, A. M., Begley, T. P., and Ealick, S. E. (2003) Biochemistry, 42, 2971-2981.
60. Tettelin, H., Saunders, N. J., Heidelberg, J., Jeffries, A. C., Nelson, K. E., Eisen, J. A., Ketchum, K. A., Hood, D. W., Peden, J. F., Dodson, R. J., Nelson, W. C., Gwinn, M. L., DeBoy, R., Peterson, J. D., Hickey, E. K., Haft, D. H., Salzberg, S. L., White, O., Fleischmann, R. D., Dougherty, B. A., Mason, T., Ciecko, A., Parksey, D. S., Blair, E., Cittone, H., Clark, E. B., Cotton, M. D., Utterback, T. R., Khouri, H., Qin, H., Vamathevan, J., Gill, J., Scarlato, V., Masignani, V., Pizza, M., Grandi, G., Sun, L., Smith, H. O., Fraser, C. M., Moxon, E. R., Rappuoli, R., and Venter, J. C. (2000) Science, 287, 1809-1815.
61. He, J., Baldini, R. L., Deziel, E., Saucier, M., Zhang, Q., Liberati, N. T., Lee, D., Urbach, J., Goodman, H. M., and Rahme, L. G. (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 101, 2530-2535.
62. Wierenga, R. K., Drenth, J., and Schulz, G. E. (1983) J. Mol. Biol., 167, 725-739.
63. Rossman, M. G., Liljas, A., Branden, C.-I., and Banaszak, L. J. (1975) in The Enzymes (Boyer, P. D., ed.) 3rd Edn., Vol. 11, Academic Press, N. Y., pp. 61-102.
64. Subramani, S. (1993) Ann. Rev. Cell Biol., 9, 445-478.
65. Campaner, S., Pollegioni, L., Ross, B. D., and Pilone, M. S. (1998) Biochem. J., 330, 615-621.
66. Miura, R., Setoyama, C., Nishina, Y., Shiga, K., Mizutani, H., Miyahara, I., and Hirotsu, K. (1997) J. Biochem. (Tokyo), 122, 825-833.
67. Todone, F., Vanoni, M. A., Mozzarelli, A., Bolognesi, M., Coda, A., Curti, B., and Mattevi, A. (1997) Biochemistry, 36, 5853-5860.
68. Umhau, S., Pollegioni, L., Molla, G., Diederichs, K., Welte, W., Pilone, M. S., and Ghisla, S. (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 97, 12463-12468.
69. Pollegioni, L., Diederichs, K., Molla, G., Umhau, S., Welte, W., Ghisla, S., and Pilone, M. S. (2002) J. Mol. Biol., 324, 535-546.
70. Mizutani, H., Miyahara, I., Hirotsu, K. J., Nishina, Y., Shiga, K., Setoyama, C., and Miura, R. (2000) J. Biochem. (Tokyo), 128, 73-81.
71. Mörtl, M., Diederichs, K., Welte, W., Molla, G., Motteran, L., Andriolo, G., Pilone, M. S., and Pollegioni, L. (2004) J. Biol. Chem., 279, 29718-29727.
72. Piubelli, L., Molla, G., Caldinelli, L., Pilone, M. S., and Pollegioni, L. (2003) Prot. Eng., 16, 1063-1069.
73. Pollegioni, L., Iametti, S., Fessas, D., Caldinelli, L., Piubelli, L., Barbiroli, A., Pilone, M. S., and Bonomi, F. (2003) Prot. Sci., 12, 1018-1029.
74. Fukui, K., and Miyake, Y. (1992) J Biol. Chem., 267, 18631-18638.
75. Fukui, K., Momoi, K., Watanabe, F., and Miyake, Y. (1988) Biochemistry, 27, 6693-6697.
76. Watanabe, F., Fukui, K., Momoi, K., and Miyake, Y. (1989) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 165, 1422-1427.
77. Momoi, K., Fukui, K., Tada, M., and Miyake, Y. (1990) J. Biochem. (Tokyo), 108, 406-413.
78. Tada, M., Fukui, K., Momoi, K., and Miyake, Y. (1990) Gene, 90, 293-297.
79. Konno, R. (1998) Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1395, 165-170.
80. Konno, R., Kurabayashi, A., Tsuchiya, M., and Niwa, A. (1999) DNA Seq., 10, 85-91.
81. Tsuchiya, M., Kurabayashi, A., and Konno, R. (2003) Amino Acids, 24, 223-226.
82. Sarower, M. G., Okada, S., and Abe, H. (2003) Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 420, 121-129.
83. Konno, R. (2001) Amino Acids, 20, 401-408.
84. Pollegioni, L., Molla, G., Campaner, S., Martegani, E., and Pilone, M. S. (1997) J. Biotechnol., 58, 115-123.
85. Liao, G. J., Lee, Y. J., Lee, Y. H., Chen, L. L., and Chu, W. S. (1998) Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem., 27, 55-61.
86. Gonzalez, F. J., Montes, J., Martin, F., Lopez, M. C., Ferminan, E., Catalan, J., Galan, M. A., and Dominguez, A. (1997) Yeast, 13, 1399-2008.
87. Hils, M., Munch, P., Altenbuchner, J., Syldatk, C., and Mattes, R. (2001) Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 57, 680-688.
88. Job, V., Molla, G., Pilone, M. S., and Pollegioni, L. (2002) Eur. J. Biochem., 269, 1456-1463.
89. Job, V., Marcone, G. L., Pilone, M. S., and Pollegioni, L. (2002) J. Biol. Chem., 277, 6985-6993.
90. Lin, L., Chien, H. R., Wang, W., Hwang, T., Fu, H., and Hsu, W. (2000) Enz. Microb. Technol., 27, 482-491.
91. Molla, G., Vegezzi, C., Pilone, M. S., and Pollegioni, L. (1998) Prot. Exp. Purif., 14, 289-294.
92. Alonso, J., Barredo, J. L., Díez, B., Mellado, E., Salto, F., García, J. L., and Cortés, E. (1998) Microbiology, 144, 1095-1101.
93. Pollegioni, L., Fuku, K., and Massey, V. (1994) J. Biol. Chem., 269, 31666-31673.
94. Setoyama, C., Miura, R., Nishina, Y., Shiga, K., Mizutani, H., Miyahara, I., and Hirotsu, K. (1996) J. Biochem. (Tokyo), 119, 1114-1117.
95. Ciccarelli, E., Massaer, M., Guillaume, J. P., Herzog, A., Loriau, R., Cravador, A., Jacobs, P., and Bollen, A. (1989) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 161, 865-872.
96. Alonso, J., Barredo, J. L., Armisén, P., Díez, B., Salto, F., Guisánd, J. M., García, J. L., and Cortésa, E. (1999) Enz. Microb. Technol., 25, 88-95.
97. Isogai, A., Kimura, H., Reichert, A., Schorgendorfer, K., Nikaido, K., Tohda, H., Giga-Hama, Y., Mutoh, N., and Kumagai, H. (2002) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 80, 22-32.
98. Yu, J., Li, D.-Y., Zhang, Y.-J., Yang, S., Li, R.-B., and Yuan, Z.-Y. (2002) J. Mol. Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 18, 291-297.
99. Cereghino, J. L., and Cregg, J. M. (2000) FEMS Microbiol. Rev., 24, 45-66.
100. Davydova, E. E., and Tishkov, V. I. (2002) Vestnik MGU. Ser. 2. Khimiya, 43, 353-355.
101. Gabler, M., Hense, M., and Fischer, L. (2000) Enz. Microb. Technol., 27, 605-611.
102. Pollegioni, L., Caldinelli, L., Molla, G., Sacchi, S., and Pilone, M. S. (2004) Biotechnol. Prog., 20, 467-473.
103. Betancor, L., Hidalgo, A., Fernández-Lorente, G., Mateo, C., Rodríguez, V., Fuentes, M., López-Gallego, F., Fernández-Lafuente, R., and Guisan, G. M. (2003) Biotechnol. Prog., 19, 784-788.
104. Harris, C. M., Pollegioni, L., and Ghisla, S. (2001) Eur. J. Biochem., 268, 5504-5520.
105. Molla, G., Motteran, L., Job, V., Pilone, M. S., and Pollegioni, L. (2003) Eur. J. Biochem., 270, 1474-1482.
106. Molla, G., Porrini, D., Job, V., Motteran, L., Vegezzi, C., Campaner, S., Pilone, M. S., and Pollegioni, L. (2000) J. Biol. Chem., 275, 24715-24721.
107. Pollegioni, L., Porrini, D., Molla, G., and Pilone, M. S. (2000) Eur. J. Biochem., 267, 6624-6632.
108. Pollegioni, L., Harris, C. M., Molla, G., Pilone, M. S., and Ghisla, S. (2001) FEBS Lett., 507, 323-326.
109. Nisnina, Y., Sato, K., Shi, R., Setoyama, C., Miura, R., and Shiga, K. (2001) J. Biochem. (Tokyo), 130, 637-647.
110. Setoyama, C., Nishina, Y., Tamaoki, H., Mizutani, H., Miyahara, I., Hirotsu, K., Shiga, K., and Miura, R. (2002) J. Biochem. (Tokyo), 131, 59-69.
111. Pollegioni, L., Diederichs, K., Molla, G., Umhau, S., Welte, W., Ghisla, S., and Pilone, M. S. (2002) J. Mol. Biol., 324, 535-546.
112. Sacchi, S., Lorenzi, S., Molla, G., Pilone, M. S., Rossetti, C., and Pollegioni, L. (2002) J. Biol. Chem., 277, 27510-27516.
113. Velasco, J., Luis, A. J., Angel, M. M., Diez, B., Soler, G., and Barredo, J. L. (2000) Nat. Biotechnol., 18, 857-861.
114. Vicenzi, J. T., and Hansen, G. J. (1993) Enz. Microb. Technol., 15, 281-285.
115. Kurillova, L., Gemeiner, P., Vikartovska, A., Mikova, H., Rosenberg, M., and Ilavsky, M. (2000) J. Microencapsul., 17, 279-296.
116. Becka, S., Skrob, F., Plhackova, K., Kujan, P., Holler, P., and Kyslik, P. (2003) Biotechnol. Lett., 25, 227-233.
117. Upadhya, R., Nagajyothi, I., and Bhat, S. G. (2000) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 68, 430-436.
118. Zhu, T. B., Chen, J., Zhang, Y. F., Yang, Y. L., and Jiao, R. S. (2001) Sheng Wu Gong. Cheng Xue. Bao., 17, 73-77.
119. Vicenzi, J. T. (1995) Deactivation of Catalase Enzyme Using D-Amino Acid Oxidase Enzyme - by Contacting Enzymes with Aqueous Basic Solutions at pH of 11 to 12, Patent USA US392438, 22 Feb 1995.
120. Kujan, P., Prell, A., Safar, H., Holler, P., Plhackova, K., and Sobotka, M. (2001) Folia Microbiol. (Praha), 46, 427-431.
121. Molla, G., Motteran, L., Piubelli, L., Pilone, M. S., and Pollegioni, L. (2003) Yeast, 20, 1061-1069.
122. Mateo, C., Abian, O., Fernandez-Lafuente, R., and Guisan, J. M. (2000) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 68, 98-105.
123. Dsouza, S. F., and Deshpande, A. (2001) Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 95, 83-92.
124. De la Malta, I., Ramon, F., Obregon, V. V., Castillon, M. P., and Acebal, C. (2000) Enzyme Microb. Technol., 27, 234-239.
125. Ju, S. S., Lin, L. L., Chien, H. R., and Hsu, W. H. (2000) FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 186, 215-219.
126. Khang, Y. H., Kim, I. W., Hah, Y. R., Hwangbo, J. H., and Kang, K. K. (2003) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 82, 480-488.
127. Monti, D., Carrea, G., Riva, S., Baldaro, E., and Frare, G. (2000) Biotechnol. Bioeng., 70, 239-244.
128. Inaba, Y., Mizukami, K., Hamada-Sato, N., Kobayashi, T., Imada, C., and Watanabe, E. (2003) Biosens. Bioelectron., 19, 423-431.
129. Voss, K., and Galensa, R. (2000)Amino Acids, 18, 339-352.
130. Dominguez, R., Serra, B., Reviejo, A. J., and Pingarron, J. M. (2001) Analyt. Biochem., 298, 275-282.
131. Stefan, R. I., van Staden, J. K., and Aboul-Enein, H. Y. (2000) Biosens. Bioelectron., 15, 1-5.
132. Stefan, R. I., Bokretsion, R. G., van Staden, J. F., and Aboul-Enein, H. Y. (2003) Biosens. Bioelectron., 19, 261-267.
133. Patel, R. N. (2000) Adv. Appl. Microbiol., 47, 33-78.
134. Patel, R. N. (2001) Biomol. Eng., 17, 167-182.