메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 85-105

Electrophysiologic intraoperative monitoring for spine procedures

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; EVOKED MUSCLE RESPONSE; EVOKED SOMATOSENSORY RESPONSE; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; MUSCLE REFLEX; PARAPLEGIA; PATIENT MONITORING; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SPINAL CORD; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE;

EID: 1142309820     PISSN: 10479651     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1047-9651(03)00106-2     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (30)

References (118)
  • 1
    • 0016715026 scopus 로고
    • Acute neurological complications in the treatment of scoliosis: A report of the Scoliosis Research Society
    • MacEwen G., Bunnell W., Sriram K. Acute neurological complications in the treatment of scoliosis: a report of the Scoliosis Research Society. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 57:1975;404-408.
    • (1975) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.57 , pp. 404-408
    • MacEwen, G.1    Bunnell, W.2    Sriram, K.3
  • 2
    • 0015845886 scopus 로고
    • Functional monitoring of spinal cord activity during spinal surgery
    • Vauzelle C., Stagnara P., Jouvinroux P. Functional monitoring of spinal cord activity during spinal surgery. Clin Orthop. 93:1973;173-178.
    • (1973) Clin Orthop , vol.93 , pp. 173-178
    • Vauzelle, C.1    Stagnara, P.2    Jouvinroux, P.3
  • 3
    • 0035740518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring in neuroanaesthesia: Update of clinical usefulness
    • Fabregas N., Gomar C. Monitoring in neuroanaesthesia: update of clinical usefulness. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 18:2001;423-439.
    • (2001) Eur J Anaesthesiol , vol.18 , pp. 423-439
    • Fabregas, N.1    Gomar, C.2
  • 4
    • 0029997782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validity and reliability of spinal cord monitoring in neuromuscular spinal deformity surgery
    • Padberg A.M., Russo M.H., Lenke L.G., Bridwell K.H., Komanetsky R.M. Validity and reliability of spinal cord monitoring in neuromuscular spinal deformity surgery. J Spinal Disord. 9:1996;150-158.
    • (1996) J Spinal Disord , vol.9 , pp. 150-158
    • Padberg, A.M.1    Russo, M.H.2    Lenke, L.G.3    Bridwell, K.H.4    Komanetsky, R.M.5
  • 5
    • 0032526343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory- and motor-evoked potential monitoring without a wake-up test during idiopathic scoliosis surgery: An accepted standard of care
    • Padberg A.M., Wilson-Holden T.J., Lenke L.G., Bridwell K.H. Somatosensory- and motor-evoked potential monitoring without a wake-up test during idiopathic scoliosis surgery: an accepted standard of care. Spine. 23:1998;1392-1400.
    • (1998) Spine , vol.23 , pp. 1392-1400
    • Padberg, A.M.1    Wilson-Holden, T.J.2    Lenke, L.G.3    Bridwell, K.H.4
  • 6
    • 0033141723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory- and motor-evoked potential monitoring without a wake-up test during idiopathic scoliosis surgery: An accepted standard of care
    • Pereon Y., Nguyen The Tich S., Delecrin J., Passuti N. Somatosensory- and motor-evoked potential monitoring without a wake-up test during idiopathic scoliosis surgery: an accepted standard of care. Spine. 24:1999;1169-1170.
    • (1999) Spine , vol.24 , pp. 1169-1170
    • Pereon, Y.1    Nguyen The Tich, S.2    Delecrin, J.3    Passuti, N.4
  • 7
    • 0036664005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in pediatric neurosurgery: Why, when, how?
    • Sala F., Krzan M.J., Deletis V. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in pediatric neurosurgery: why, when, how? Childs Nerv Syst. 18:2002;264-287.
    • (2002) Childs Nerv Syst , vol.18 , pp. 264-287
    • Sala, F.1    Krzan, M.J.2    Deletis, V.3
  • 8
    • 0032758690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord monitoring
    • Nuwer M.R. Spinal cord monitoring. Muscle Nerve. 22:1999;1620-1630.
    • (1999) Muscle Nerve , vol.22 , pp. 1620-1630
    • Nuwer, M.R.1
  • 9
    • 0022297271 scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord monitoring: Current status and new developments
    • Schramm J. Spinal cord monitoring: current status and new developments. Cent Nerv Syst Trauma. 2:1985;207-227.
    • (1985) Cent Nerv Syst Trauma , vol.2 , pp. 207-227
    • Schramm, J.1
  • 13
    • 0029820835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavior of the H-reflex in humans following mechanical perturbation or injury to rostral spinal cord
    • Leis A.A., Zhou H.H., Mehta M., Harkey H.L. 3rd, Paske W.C. Behavior of the H-reflex in humans following mechanical perturbation or injury to rostral spinal cord. Muscle Nerve. 19:1996;1373-1382.
    • (1996) Muscle Nerve , vol.19 , pp. 1373-1382
    • Leis, A.A.1    Zhou, H.H.2    Mehta, M.3    Harkey III, H.L.4    Paske, W.C.5
  • 14
    • 0029094236 scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative lower extremity reflex muscle activity as an adjunct to conventional somatosensory-evoked potentials and descending neurogenic monitoring in idiopathic scoliosis
    • Leppanen R., Maguire J., Wallace S., Madigan R., Draper V. Intraoperative lower extremity reflex muscle activity as an adjunct to conventional somatosensory-evoked potentials and descending neurogenic monitoring in idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 20:1995;1872-1877.
    • (1995) Spine , vol.20 , pp. 1872-1877
    • Leppanen, R.1    Maguire, J.2    Wallace, S.3    Madigan, R.4    Draper, V.5
  • 15
    • 0016589235 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiologic monitoring of spinal cord function during intraspinal surgery
    • McCallum J.E., Bennett M.H. Electrophysiologic monitoring of spinal cord function during intraspinal surgery. Surg Forum. 26:1975;469-471.
    • (1975) Surg Forum , vol.26 , pp. 469-471
    • McCallum, J.E.1    Bennett, M.H.2
  • 17
    • 0017715272 scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord monitoring during operative treatment of the spine
    • Nash C.L. Jr., Lorig R.A., Schatzinger L.A., Brown R.H. Spinal cord monitoring during operative treatment of the spine. Clin Orthop. 126:1977;100-105.
    • (1977) Clin Orthop , vol.126 , pp. 100-105
    • Nash Jr., C.L.1    Lorig, R.A.2    Schatzinger, L.A.3    Brown, R.H.4
  • 18
    • 0023929482 scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord monitoring
    • Ben-David B. Spinal cord monitoring. Orthop Clin North Am. 19:1988;427-448.
    • (1988) Orthop Clin North Am , vol.19 , pp. 427-448
    • Ben-David, B.1
  • 19
    • 0034078374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory evoked potential monitoring in anterior thoracic vertebrectomy
    • Deutsch H., Arginteanu M., Manhart K., et al. Somatosensory evoked potential monitoring in anterior thoracic vertebrectomy. J Neurosurg. 92:2000;155-161.
    • (2000) J Neurosurg , vol.92 , pp. 155-161
    • Deutsch, H.1    Arginteanu, M.2    Manhart, K.3
  • 20
    • 0344015782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuromonitoring in the operating room: Why, when, and how to monitor?
    • Guerit J.M. Neuromonitoring in the operating room: why, when, and how to monitor? Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 106:1998;1-21.
    • (1998) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.106 , pp. 1-21
    • Guerit, J.M.1
  • 21
    • 0023257284 scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative evoked potential monitoring
    • Jacobson G.P., Tew J.M. Jr. Intraoperative evoked potential monitoring. J Clin Neurophysiol. 4:1987;145-176.
    • (1987) J Clin Neurophysiol , vol.4 , pp. 145-176
    • Jacobson, G.P.1    Tew Jr., J.M.2
  • 22
    • 0027055177 scopus 로고
    • Recent developments in neurosurgical spinal cord monitoring
    • Schramm J., Kurthen M. Recent developments in neurosurgical spinal cord monitoring. Paraplegia. 30:1992;609-616.
    • (1992) Paraplegia , vol.30 , pp. 609-616
    • Schramm, J.1    Kurthen, M.2
  • 23
    • 0025774909 scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord monitoring in scoliosis surgery: Experience with 1168 cases
    • Forbes H.J., Allen P.W., Waller C.S., et al. Spinal cord monitoring in scoliosis surgery: experience with 1168 cases. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 73:1991;487-491.
    • (1991) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.73 , pp. 487-491
    • Forbes, H.J.1    Allen, P.W.2    Waller, C.S.3
  • 24
    • 0022713632 scopus 로고
    • Spinal and cortical somatosensory evoked potential monitoring during corrective spinal surgery with 108 patients
    • Ryan T.P., Britt R.H. Spinal and cortical somatosensory evoked potential monitoring during corrective spinal surgery with 108 patients. Spine. 11:1986;352-361.
    • (1986) Spine , vol.11 , pp. 352-361
    • Ryan, T.P.1    Britt, R.H.2
  • 25
    • 0030053356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spine and scalp recordings as a function of intensity: A model for changes during spinal cord monitoring
    • Slimp J.C., Stolov W.C., Wagner T.A. Spine and scalp recordings as a function of intensity: a model for changes during spinal cord monitoring. Spine. 21:1996;99-103.
    • (1996) Spine , vol.21 , pp. 99-103
    • Slimp, J.C.1    Stolov, W.C.2    Wagner, T.A.3
  • 26
    • 0025968847 scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory-evoked potential monitored during total hip arthroplasty
    • Black D.L., Reckling F.W., Porter S.S. Somatosensory-evoked potential monitored during total hip arthroplasty. Clin Orthop. 262:1991;170-177.
    • (1991) Clin Orthop , vol.262 , pp. 170-177
    • Black, D.L.1    Reckling, F.W.2    Porter, S.S.3
  • 27
    • 0027665223 scopus 로고
    • Loss of somatosensory evoked potentials during intramedullary spinal cord surgery predicts postoperative neurologic deficits in motor function
    • Kearse L.A. Jr., Lopez-Bresnahan M., McPeck K., Tambe V. Loss of somatosensory evoked potentials during intramedullary spinal cord surgery predicts postoperative neurologic deficits in motor function. J Clin Anesth. 5:1993;392-398.
    • (1993) J Clin Anesth , vol.5 , pp. 392-398
    • Kearse Jr., L.A.1    Lopez-Bresnahan, M.2    McPeck, K.3    Tambe, V.4
  • 28
    • 0035881440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of various evoked potential techniques for spinal cord monitoring during scoliosis surgery
    • Luk K.D., Hu Y., Wong Y.W., Cheung K.M. Evaluation of various evoked potential techniques for spinal cord monitoring during scoliosis surgery. Spine. 26:2001;1772-1777.
    • (2001) Spine , vol.26 , pp. 1772-1777
    • Luk, K.D.1    Hu, Y.2    Wong, Y.W.3    Cheung, K.M.4
  • 29
    • 0034307392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface electrode somatosensory-evoked potentials in spinal surgery: Implications for indications and practice
    • Papastefanou S.L., Henderson L.M., Smith N.J., Hamilton A., Webb J.K. Surface electrode somatosensory-evoked potentials in spinal surgery: implications for indications and practice. Spine. 25:2000;2467-2472.
    • (2000) Spine , vol.25 , pp. 2467-2472
    • Papastefanou, S.L.1    Henderson, L.M.2    Smith, N.J.3    Hamilton, A.4    Webb, J.K.5
  • 30
    • 0023608922 scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative monitoring with somatosensory evoked potentials in neurosurgical operations on the spinal cord
    • Zentner J., May J. Intraoperative monitoring with somatosensory evoked potentials in neurosurgical operations on the spinal cord. Cent Nerv Syst Trauma. 4:1987;197-207.
    • (1987) Cent Nerv Syst Trauma , vol.4 , pp. 197-207
    • Zentner, J.1    May, J.2
  • 31
    • 0023199688 scopus 로고
    • Reversible somatosensory evoked potential changes with neodymium: Yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser use
    • Long R.R., Wirth F.P. Reversible somatosensory evoked potential changes with neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser use. Neurosurgery. 21:1987;465-467.
    • (1987) Neurosurgery , vol.21 , pp. 465-467
    • Long, R.R.1    Wirth, F.P.2
  • 32
    • 0019958234 scopus 로고
    • Conducted somatosensory evoked potentials during spinal surgery:: Part 2. Clinical applications
    • Macon J.B., Poletti C.E., Sweet W.H., Ojemann R.G., Zervas N.T. Conducted somatosensory evoked potentials during spinal surgery: Part 2. clinical applications . J Neurosurg. 57:1982;354-359.
    • (1982) J Neurosurg , vol.57 , pp. 354-359
    • MacOn, J.B.1    Poletti, C.E.2    Sweet, W.H.3    Ojemann, R.G.4    Zervas, N.T.5
  • 33
    • 0033027992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-operative spinal cord neuromonitoring in patients operated on for intramedullary tumors and syringomyelia
    • Prestor B., Golob P. Intra-operative spinal cord neuromonitoring in patients operated on for intramedullary tumors and syringomyelia. Neurol Res. 21:1999;125-129.
    • (1999) Neurol Res , vol.21 , pp. 125-129
    • Prestor, B.1    Golob, P.2
  • 34
    • 0023425662 scopus 로고
    • Loss of intraoperative evoked responses during dorsal column surgery associated with isolated postoperative sensory deficit
    • Schubert A., Todd M.M., Luerssen T.G., Hicks G.E. Loss of intraoperative evoked responses during dorsal column surgery associated with isolated postoperative sensory deficit. J Clin Monit. 3:1987;277-281.
    • (1987) J Clin Monit , vol.3 , pp. 277-281
    • Schubert, A.1    Todd, M.M.2    Luerssen, T.G.3    Hicks, G.E.4
  • 35
    • 0022972061 scopus 로고
    • Intra-operative recording of cortical somatosensory evoked potentials as a method of spinal cord monitoring during spinal surgery
    • Whittle I.R., Johnston I.H., Besser M. Intra-operative recording of cortical somatosensory evoked potentials as a method of spinal cord monitoring during spinal surgery. Aust N Z J Surg. 56:1986;309-317.
    • (1986) Aust N Z J Surg , vol.56 , pp. 309-317
    • Whittle, I.R.1    Johnston, I.H.2    Besser, M.3
  • 36
    • 0023808397 scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of muscle action potentials and spinal somatosensory evoked potentials after ischemic damage of spinal cord
    • Machida M., Weinstein S.L., Yamada T., Kimura J., Toriyama S. Dissociation of muscle action potentials and spinal somatosensory evoked potentials after ischemic damage of spinal cord. Spine. 13:1988;1119-1124.
    • (1988) Spine , vol.13 , pp. 1119-1124
    • MacHida, M.1    Weinstein, S.L.2    Yamada, T.3    Kimura, J.4    Toriyama, S.5
  • 37
    • 0020530543 scopus 로고
    • Effects of compression and ischemia on spinal cord evoked potentials
    • Bennett M.H. Effects of compression and ischemia on spinal cord evoked potentials. Exp Neurol. 80:1983;508-519.
    • (1983) Exp Neurol , vol.80 , pp. 508-519
    • Bennett, M.H.1
  • 38
    • 0020544364 scopus 로고
    • Experimental investigation on the spinal cord evoked injury potential
    • Schramm J., Krause R., Shigeno T., Brock M. Experimental investigation on the spinal cord evoked injury potential. J Neurosurg. 59:1983;485-492.
    • (1983) J Neurosurg , vol.59 , pp. 485-492
    • Schramm, J.1    Krause, R.2    Shigeno, T.3    Brock, M.4
  • 39
    • 0023221086 scopus 로고
    • Corticomotor and somatosensory evoked potential evaluation of acute spinal cord injury in the rat
    • Baskin D.S., Simpson R.K. Jr. Corticomotor and somatosensory evoked potential evaluation of acute spinal cord injury in the rat. Neurosurgery. 20:1987;871-877.
    • (1987) Neurosurgery , vol.20 , pp. 871-877
    • Baskin, D.S.1    Simpson Jr., R.K.2
  • 40
    • 0033968852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the weight-drop contusion model in rats: A comparative study of human spinal cord injury
    • Metz G.A., Curt A., van de Meent H., Klusman I., Schwab M.E., Dietz V. Validation of the weight-drop contusion model in rats: a comparative study of human spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma. 17:2000;1-17.
    • (2000) J Neurotrauma , vol.17 , pp. 1-17
    • Metz, G.A.1    Curt, A.2    Van De Meent, H.3    Klusman, I.4    Schwab, M.E.5    Dietz, V.6
  • 41
    • 0026779953 scopus 로고
    • Effects of distraction on physiologic integrity of the spinal cord, spinal cord blood flow, and clinical status
    • Naito M., Owen J.H., Bridwell K.H., Sugioka Y. Effects of distraction on physiologic integrity of the spinal cord, spinal cord blood flow, and clinical status. Spine. 17:1992;1154-1158.
    • (1992) Spine , vol.17 , pp. 1154-1158
    • Naito, M.1    Owen, J.H.2    Bridwell, K.H.3    Sugioka, Y.4
  • 42
    • 0026346303 scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord monitoring in patients with nonidiopathic spinal deformities using somatosensory evoked potentials
    • Loder R.T., Thomson G.J., LaMont R.L. Spinal cord monitoring in patients with nonidiopathic spinal deformities using somatosensory evoked potentials. Spine. 16:1991;1359-1364.
    • (1991) Spine , vol.16 , pp. 1359-1364
    • Loder, R.T.1    Thomson, G.J.2    Lamont, R.L.3
  • 43
    • 0023814684 scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative somatosensory potential monitoring: A clinical analysis of 127 surgical procedures
    • Mostegl A., Bauer R., Eichenauer M. Intraoperative somatosensory potential monitoring: a clinical analysis of 127 surgical procedures. Spine. 13:1988;396-400.
    • (1988) Spine , vol.13 , pp. 396-400
    • Mostegl, A.1    Bauer, R.2    Eichenauer, M.3
  • 44
    • 0024151193 scopus 로고
    • Cortical evoked potential monitoring during spinal surgery: Sensitivity, specificity, reliability, and criteria for alarm
    • More R.C., Nuwer M.R., Dawson E.G. Cortical evoked potential monitoring during spinal surgery: sensitivity, specificity, reliability, and criteria for alarm. J Spinal Disord. 1:1988;75-80.
    • (1988) J Spinal Disord , vol.1 , pp. 75-80
    • More, R.C.1    Nuwer, M.R.2    Dawson, E.G.3
  • 45
    • 0022601928 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of spinal cord monitoring to intraoperative events
    • Szalay E.A., Carollo J.J., Roach J.W. Sensitivity of spinal cord monitoring to intraoperative events. J Pediatr Orthop. 6:1986;437-441.
    • (1986) J Pediatr Orthop , vol.6 , pp. 437-441
    • Szalay, E.A.1    Carollo, J.J.2    Roach, J.W.3
  • 46
    • 0020584068 scopus 로고
    • A system for the electrophysiological monitoring of the spinal cord during operations for scoliosis
    • Jones S.J., Edgar M.A., Ransford A.O., Thomas N.P. A system for the electrophysiological monitoring of the spinal cord during operations for scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 65:1983;134-139.
    • (1983) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.65 , pp. 134-139
    • Jones, S.J.1    Edgar, M.A.2    Ransford, A.O.3    Thomas, N.P.4
  • 47
    • 0028881660 scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory evoked potential spinal cord monitoring reduces neurologic deficits after scoliosis surgery: Results of a large multicenter survey
    • Nuwer M.R., Dawson E.G., Carlson L.G., Kanim L.E., Sherman J.E. Somatosensory evoked potential spinal cord monitoring reduces neurologic deficits after scoliosis surgery: results of a large multicenter survey. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 96:1995;6-11.
    • (1995) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.96 , pp. 6-11
    • Nuwer, M.R.1    Dawson, E.G.2    Carlson, L.G.3    Kanim, L.E.4    Sherman, J.E.5
  • 48
    • 0022655150 scopus 로고
    • Postoperative neurological deficits may occur despite unchanged intraoperative somatosensory evoked potentials
    • Lesser R.P., Raudzens P., Luders H., et al. Postoperative neurological deficits may occur despite unchanged intraoperative somatosensory evoked potentials. Ann Neurol. 19:1986;22-25.
    • (1986) Ann Neurol , vol.19 , pp. 22-25
    • Lesser, R.P.1    Raudzens, P.2    Luders, H.3
  • 49
    • 0023200310 scopus 로고
    • Anterior spinal fusion complicated by paraplegia: A case report of a false-negative somatosensory-evoked potential
    • Ben-David B., Haller G., Taylor P. Anterior spinal fusion complicated by paraplegia: a case report of a false-negative somatosensory-evoked potential. Spine. 12:1987;536-539.
    • (1987) Spine , vol.12 , pp. 536-539
    • Ben-David, B.1    Haller, G.2    Taylor, P.3
  • 50
    • 0020666550 scopus 로고
    • Spinal evoked potentials from the motor tracts
    • Levy W.J. Spinal evoked potentials from the motor tracts. J Neurosurg. 58:1983;38-44.
    • (1983) J Neurosurg , vol.58 , pp. 38-44
    • Levy, W.J.1
  • 51
    • 0021928016 scopus 로고
    • Postoperative paraplegia with preserved intraoperative somatosensory evoked potentials: Case report
    • Ginsburg H.H., Shetter A.G., Raudzens P.A. Postoperative paraplegia with preserved intraoperative somatosensory evoked potentials: case report. J Neurosurg. 63:1985;296-300.
    • (1985) J Neurosurg , vol.63 , pp. 296-300
    • Ginsburg, H.H.1    Shetter, A.G.2    Raudzens, P.A.3
  • 52
    • 0022356651 scopus 로고
    • Application and limitation of somatosensory evoked potential monitoring during thoracic aortic aneurysm surgery: A case report
    • Takaki O., Okumura F. Application and limitation of somatosensory evoked potential monitoring during thoracic aortic aneurysm surgery: a case report. Anesthesiology. 63:1985;700-703.
    • (1985) Anesthesiology , vol.63 , pp. 700-703
    • Takaki, O.1    Okumura, F.2
  • 53
    • 0023789851 scopus 로고
    • Discrepancy between intraoperative SSEP's and postoperative function: Case report
    • Chatrian G.E., Berger M.S., Wirch A.L. Discrepancy between intraoperative SSEP's and postoperative function: case report. J Neurosurg. 69:1988;450-454.
    • (1988) J Neurosurg , vol.69 , pp. 450-454
    • Chatrian, G.E.1    Berger, M.S.2    Wirch, A.L.3
  • 55
    • 0024431092 scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative somatosensory evoked responses recorded during onset of the anterior spinal artery syndrome
    • Zornow M.H., Drummond J.C. Intraoperative somatosensory evoked responses recorded during onset of the anterior spinal artery syndrome. J Clin Monit. 5:1989;243-245.
    • (1989) J Clin Monit , vol.5 , pp. 243-245
    • Zornow, M.H.1    Drummond, J.C.2
  • 56
    • 0031869057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical monitoring of motor pathways
    • Burke D., Hicks R.G. Surgical monitoring of motor pathways. J Clin Neurophysiol. 15:1998;194-205.
    • (1998) J Clin Neurophysiol , vol.15 , pp. 194-205
    • Burke, D.1    Hicks, R.G.2
  • 57
    • 0023279853 scopus 로고
    • Effects of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane on somatosensory evoked potentials during nitrous oxide anesthesia
    • Pathak K.S., Ammadio M., Kalamchi A., Scoles P.V., Shaffer J.W., Mackay W. Effects of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane on somatosensory evoked potentials during nitrous oxide anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 66:1987;753-757.
    • (1987) Anesthesiology , vol.66 , pp. 753-757
    • Pathak, K.S.1    Ammadio, M.2    Kalamchi, A.3    Scoles, P.V.4    Shaffer, J.W.5    MacKay, W.6
  • 58
    • 0028205261 scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane compared with nitrous oxide anaesthesia for intraoperative monitoring of somatosensory-evoked potentials
    • Lam A.M., Sharar S.R., Mayberg T.S., Eng C.C. Isoflurane compared with nitrous oxide anaesthesia for intraoperative monitoring of somatosensory-evoked potentials. Can J Anaesth. 41:1994;295-300.
    • (1994) Can J Anaesth , vol.41 , pp. 295-300
    • Lam, A.M.1    Sharar, S.R.2    Mayberg, T.S.3    Eng, C.C.4
  • 59
    • 0031815007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anesthetic effects on electrophysiologic recordings
    • Sloan T.B. Anesthetic effects on electrophysiologic recordings. J Clin Neurophysiol. 15:1998;217-226.
    • (1998) J Clin Neurophysiol , vol.15 , pp. 217-226
    • Sloan, T.B.1
  • 60
    • 0023080994 scopus 로고
    • Short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials to upper limb stimulation in lesions of brain-stem, thalamus and cortex
    • Mauguiere F. Short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials to upper limb stimulation in lesions of brain-stem, thalamus and cortex. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 39:(Suppl):1987;302-309.
    • (1987) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.39 , Issue.SUPPL , pp. 302-309
    • Mauguiere, F.1
  • 61
    • 0028929895 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of intraspinal and intracranial conduction by P30 and P39 tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potentials in cervical cord, brainstem, and hemispheric lesions
    • Tinazzi M., Mauguiere F. Assessment of intraspinal and intracranial conduction by P30 and P39 tibial nerve somatosensory evoked potentials in cervical cord, brainstem, and hemispheric lesions. J Clin Neurophysiol. 12:1995;237-253.
    • (1995) J Clin Neurophysiol , vol.12 , pp. 237-253
    • Tinazzi, M.1    Mauguiere, F.2
  • 62
    • 0027320593 scopus 로고
    • Origin of subcortical somatosensory evoked potentials in response to posterior tibial nerve stimulation in humans
    • Urasaki E., Wada S., Yokota A., Tokimura T., Yasukouchi H. Origin of subcortical somatosensory evoked potentials in response to posterior tibial nerve stimulation in humans. J UOEH. 15:1993;113-135.
    • (1993) J UOEH , vol.15 , pp. 113-135
    • Urasaki, E.1    Wada, S.2    Yokota, A.3    Tokimura, T.4    Yasukouchi, H.5
  • 63
    • 0033860422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroanatomic substrates of lower extremity somatosensory evoked potentials
    • Yamada T. Neuroanatomic substrates of lower extremity somatosensory evoked potentials. J Clin Neurophysiol. 17:2000;269-279.
    • (2000) J Clin Neurophysiol , vol.17 , pp. 269-279
    • Yamada, T.1
  • 64
    • 0027758546 scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative monitoring of the functional integrity of the motor pathways
    • Deletis V. Intraoperative monitoring of the functional integrity of the motor pathways. Adv Neurol. 63:1993;201-214.
    • (1993) Adv Neurol , vol.63 , pp. 201-214
    • Deletis, V.1
  • 65
    • 0035723347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial electrical motor evoked potential monitoring for brain tumor resection
    • Deletis V., Camargo A.B. Transcranial electrical motor evoked potential monitoring for brain tumor resection. Neurosurgery. 49:2001;1488-1489.
    • (2001) Neurosurgery , vol.49 , pp. 1488-1489
    • Deletis, V.1    Camargo, A.B.2
  • 66
    • 0035102124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying motor evoked potentials in anesthetized humans:: Part 1. Recovery time of corticospinal tract direct waves elicited by pairs of transcranial electrical stimuli
    • Deletis V., Isgum V., Amassian V.E. Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying motor evoked potentials in anesthetized humans: Part 1. recovery time of corticospinal tract direct waves elicited by pairs of transcranial electrical stimuli . Clin Neurophysiol. 112:2001;438-444.
    • (2001) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.112 , pp. 438-444
    • Deletis, V.1    Isgum, V.2    Amassian, V.E.3
  • 67
    • 0035108891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying motor evoked potentials in anesthetized humans:: Part 2. Relationship between epidurally and muscle recorded MEPs in man
    • Deletis V., Rodi Z., Amassian V.E. Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying motor evoked potentials in anesthetized humans: Part 2. relationship between epidurally and muscle recorded MEPs in man . Clin Neurophysiol. 112:2001;445-452.
    • (2001) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.112 , pp. 445-452
    • Deletis, V.1    Rodi, Z.2    Amassian, V.E.3
  • 68
    • 0025294710 scopus 로고
    • Depressive effect of isoflurane anesthesia on motor evoked potentials
    • Haghighi S.S., Green K.D., Oro J.J., Drake R.K., Kracke G.R. Depressive effect of isoflurane anesthesia on motor evoked potentials. Neurosurgery. 26:1990;993-997.
    • (1990) Neurosurgery , vol.26 , pp. 993-997
    • Haghighi, S.S.1    Green, K.D.2    Oro, J.J.3    Drake, R.K.4    Kracke, G.R.5
  • 70
    • 0029895504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial high-frequency repetitive electrical stimulation for recording myogenic motor evoked potentials with the patient under general anesthesia
    • Pechstein U., Cedzich C., Nadstawek J., Schramm J. Transcranial high-frequency repetitive electrical stimulation for recording myogenic motor evoked potentials with the patient under general anesthesia. Neurosurgery. 39:1996;335-344.
    • (1996) Neurosurgery , vol.39 , pp. 335-344
    • Pechstein, U.1    Cedzich, C.2    Nadstawek, J.3    Schramm, J.4
  • 71
    • 0025892738 scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane-induced attenuation of motor evoked potentials caused by electrical motor cortex stimulation during surgery
    • Calancie B., Klose K.J., Baier S., Green B.A. Isoflurane-induced attenuation of motor evoked potentials caused by electrical motor cortex stimulation during surgery. J Neurosurg. 74:1991;897-904.
    • (1991) J Neurosurg , vol.74 , pp. 897-904
    • Calancie, B.1    Klose, K.J.2    Baier, S.3    Green, B.A.4
  • 72
    • 0030245683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor evoked potential monitoring during spinal surgery: Responses of distal limb muscles to transcranial cortical stimulation with pulse trains
    • Jones S.J., Harrison R., Koh K.F., Mendoza N., Crockard H.A. Motor evoked potential monitoring during spinal surgery: responses of distal limb muscles to transcranial cortical stimulation with pulse trains. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 100:1996;375-383.
    • (1996) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.100 , pp. 375-383
    • Jones, S.J.1    Harrison, R.2    Koh, K.F.3    Mendoza, N.4    Crockard, H.A.5
  • 73
    • 0034988968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative motor evoked potentials to transcranial electrical stimulation during two anaesthetic regimens
    • Pelosi L., Stevenson M., Hobbs G.J., Jardine A., Webb J.K. Intraoperative motor evoked potentials to transcranial electrical stimulation during two anaesthetic regimens. Clin Neurophysiol. 112:2001;1076-1087.
    • (2001) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.112 , pp. 1076-1087
    • Pelosi, L.1    Stevenson, M.2    Hobbs, G.J.3    Jardine, A.4    Webb, J.K.5
  • 74
    • 0032960268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative motor evoked potentials monitoring in spinal neurosurgery
    • Cioni B., Meglio M., Rossi G.F. Intraoperative motor evoked potentials monitoring in spinal neurosurgery. Arch Ital Biol. 137:1999;115-126.
    • (1999) Arch Ital Biol , vol.137 , pp. 115-126
    • Cioni, B.1    Meglio, M.2    Rossi, G.F.3
  • 75
    • 0031457456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative spinal cord monitoring for intramedullary surgery: An essential adjunct
    • Kothbauer K., Deletis V., Epstein F.J. Intraoperative spinal cord monitoring for intramedullary surgery: an essential adjunct. Pediatr Neurosurg. 26:1997;247-254.
    • (1997) Pediatr Neurosurg , vol.26 , pp. 247-254
    • Kothbauer, K.1    Deletis, V.2    Epstein, F.J.3
  • 76
    • 0028286810 scopus 로고
    • Transcranial magnetic evoked potentials used to monitor the spinal cord during neuroradiologic angiography of the spine
    • Anderson L.C., Hemler D.E., Luethke J.M., Latchaw R.E. Transcranial magnetic evoked potentials used to monitor the spinal cord during neuroradiologic angiography of the spine. Spine. 19:1994;613-616.
    • (1994) Spine , vol.19 , pp. 613-616
    • Anderson, L.C.1    Hemler, D.E.2    Luethke, J.M.3    Latchaw, R.E.4
  • 78
    • 0028786149 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic-evoked compound muscle action potential neuromonitoring in spine surgery
    • Kitagawa H., Nakamura H., Kawaguchi Y., et al. Magnetic-evoked compound muscle action potential neuromonitoring in spine surgery. Spine. 20:1995;2233-2239.
    • (1995) Spine , vol.20 , pp. 2233-2239
    • Kitagawa, H.1    Nakamura, H.2    Kawaguchi, Y.3
  • 79
    • 0033850444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial magnetic-evoked potentials under total intravenous anaesthesia and nitrous oxide
    • Sihle-Wissel M., Scholz M., Cunitz G. Transcranial magnetic-evoked potentials under total intravenous anaesthesia and nitrous oxide. Br J Anaesth. 85:2000;465-467.
    • (2000) Br J Anaesth , vol.85 , pp. 465-467
    • Sihle-Wissel, M.1    Scholz, M.2    Cunitz, G.3
  • 80
    • 0032974826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of myogenic motor evoked responses to electrical and magnetic transcranial stimulation during nitrous oxide/opioid anesthesia
    • Ubags L.H., Kalkman C.J., Been H.D., Koelman J.H., Ongerboer de Visser B.W. A comparison of myogenic motor evoked responses to electrical and magnetic transcranial stimulation during nitrous oxide/opioid anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 88:1999;568-572.
    • (1999) Anesth Analg , vol.88 , pp. 568-572
    • Ubags, L.H.1    Kalkman, C.J.2    Been, H.D.3    Koelman, J.H.4    Ongerboer De Visser, B.W.5
  • 81
    • 0035186334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-dose ketamine hydrochloride maintains somatosensory and magnetic motor evoked potentials in primates
    • Ghaly R.F., Ham J.H., Lee J.J. High-dose ketamine hydrochloride maintains somatosensory and magnetic motor evoked potentials in primates. Neurol Res. 23:2001;881-886.
    • (2001) Neurol Res , vol.23 , pp. 881-886
    • Ghaly, R.F.1    Ham, J.H.2    Lee, J.J.3
  • 82
    • 0036135906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacious use of a cap shaped coil for transcranial magnetic stimulation of descending motor paths
    • Aglio L.S., Kraus K.H., Desai S., et al. Efficacious use of a cap shaped coil for transcranial magnetic stimulation of descending motor paths. Clin Electroencephalogr. 33:2002;21-29.
    • (2002) Clin Electroencephalogr , vol.33 , pp. 21-29
    • Aglio, L.S.1    Kraus, K.H.2    Desai, S.3
  • 84
    • 0031916644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Threshold-level multipulse transcranial electrical stimulation of motor cortex for intraoperative monitoring of spinal motor tracts: Description of method and comparison to somatosensory evoked potential monitoring
    • Calancie B., Harris W., Broton J.G., Alexeeva N., Green B.A. Threshold-level multipulse transcranial electrical stimulation of motor cortex for intraoperative monitoring of spinal motor tracts: description of method and comparison to somatosensory evoked potential monitoring. J Neurosurg. 88:1998;457-470.
    • (1998) J Neurosurg , vol.88 , pp. 457-470
    • Calancie, B.1    Harris, W.2    Broton, J.G.3    Alexeeva, N.4    Green, B.A.5
  • 85
    • 0035490957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Threshold-level repetitive transcranial electrical stimulation for intraoperative monitoring of central motor conduction
    • Calancie B., Harris W., Brindle G.F., Green B.A., Landy H.J. Threshold-level repetitive transcranial electrical stimulation for intraoperative monitoring of central motor conduction. J Neurosurg. 95:2001;161-168.
    • (2001) J Neurosurg , vol.95 , pp. 161-168
    • Calancie, B.1    Harris, W.2    Brindle, G.F.3    Green, B.A.4    Landy, H.J.5
  • 86
    • 0026199771 scopus 로고
    • The clinical application of neurogenic motor evoked potentials to monitor spinal cord function during surgery
    • Owen J.H., Bridwell K.H., Grubb R., et al. The clinical application of neurogenic motor evoked potentials to monitor spinal cord function during surgery. Spine. 16:1991;S385-S390.
    • (1991) Spine , vol.16
    • Owen, J.H.1    Bridwell, K.H.2    Grubb, R.3
  • 87
    • 84989758257 scopus 로고
    • Could neurogenic motor evoked potentials be used to monitor motor and somatosensory pathways during scoliosis surgery?
    • Pereon Y., Bernard J.M., Delecrin J., Passuti N. Could neurogenic motor evoked potentials be used to monitor motor and somatosensory pathways during scoliosis surgery? Muscle Nerve. 18:1995;1214-1215.
    • (1995) Muscle Nerve , vol.18 , pp. 1214-1215
    • Pereon, Y.1    Bernard, J.M.2    Delecrin, J.3    Passuti, N.4
  • 88
    • 0344863174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of neurogenic motor evoked potentials for spinal cord monitoring: Findings in 112 consecutive patients undergoing surgery for spinal deformity
    • Pereon Y., Bernard J.M., Fayet G., Delecrin J., Passuti N., Guiheneuc P. Usefulness of neurogenic motor evoked potentials for spinal cord monitoring: findings in 112 consecutive patients undergoing surgery for spinal deformity. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 108:1998;17-23.
    • (1998) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.108 , pp. 17-23
    • Pereon, Y.1    Bernard, J.M.2    Fayet, G.3    Delecrin, J.4    Passuti, N.5    Guiheneuc, P.6
  • 89
    • 0032802084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of intraoperative monitoring for pediatric patients with spinal cord pathology undergoing spinal deformity surgery
    • Wilson-Holden T.J., Padberg A.M., Lenke L.G., Larson B.J., Bridwell K.H., Bassett G.S. Efficacy of intraoperative monitoring for pediatric patients with spinal cord pathology undergoing spinal deformity surgery. Spine. 24:1999;1685-1692.
    • (1999) Spine , vol.24 , pp. 1685-1692
    • Wilson-Holden, T.J.1    Padberg, A.M.2    Lenke, L.G.3    Larson, B.J.4    Bridwell, K.H.5    Bassett, G.S.6
  • 90
    • 0000405680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative collision studies demonstrate descending spinal cord stimulated evoked potentials and ascending somatosensory evoked potentials are mediated through common pathways
    • Leppanen R., Madigan R., Sears C., Maguire J., Wallace S., Captain J. Intraoperative collision studies demonstrate descending spinal cord stimulated evoked potentials and ascending somatosensory evoked potentials are mediated through common pathways. J Clin Neurophysiol. 19:1999;170.
    • (1999) J Clin Neurophysiol , vol.19 , pp. 170
    • Leppanen, R.1    Madigan, R.2    Sears, C.3    Maguire, J.4    Wallace, S.5    Captain, J.6
  • 91
    • 0026720011 scopus 로고
    • "backfiring" in spinal cord monitoring: High thoracic spinal cord stimulation evokes sciatic response by antidromic sensory pathway conduction, not motor tract conduction
    • Su C.F., Haghighi S.S., Oro J.J., Gaines R.W. "Backfiring" in spinal cord monitoring: high thoracic spinal cord stimulation evokes sciatic response by antidromic sensory pathway conduction, not motor tract conduction. Spine. 17:1992;504-508.
    • (1992) Spine , vol.17 , pp. 504-508
    • Su, C.F.1    Haghighi, S.S.2    Oro, J.J.3    Gaines, R.W.4
  • 92
    • 0027457646 scopus 로고
    • Temporal summation - The key to motor evoked potential spinal cord monitoring in humans
    • Taylor B.A., Fennelly M.E., Taylor A., Farrell J. Temporal summation - the key to motor evoked potential spinal cord monitoring in humans. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 56:1993;104-106.
    • (1993) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 104-106
    • Taylor, B.A.1    Fennelly, M.E.2    Taylor, A.3    Farrell, J.4
  • 93
    • 0029059153 scopus 로고
    • Motor evoked potentials induced by electrical stimulation of the spine in dogs: Which structures are involved?
    • Poncelet L., Michaux C., Balligand M. Motor evoked potentials induced by electrical stimulation of the spine in dogs: which structures are involved? Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 97:1995;179-183.
    • (1995) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol , vol.97 , pp. 179-183
    • Poncelet, L.1    Michaux, C.2    Balligand, M.3
  • 94
    • 0036644991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiologic monitoring of spinal nerve root function during instrumented posterior lumbar spine surgery
    • Bose B., Wierzbowski L.R., Sestokas A.K. Neurophysiologic monitoring of spinal nerve root function during instrumented posterior lumbar spine surgery. Spine. 27:2002;1444-1450.
    • (2002) Spine , vol.27 , pp. 1444-1450
    • Bose, B.1    Wierzbowski, L.R.2    Sestokas, A.K.3
  • 95
    • 0029870260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of pedicle screw insertion monitored by intraoperative evoked electromyography
    • Darden B.V. 2nd, Wood K.E., Hatley M.K., Owen J.H., Kostuik J. Evaluation of pedicle screw insertion monitored by intraoperative evoked electromyography. J Spinal Disord. 9:1996;8-16.
    • (1996) J Spinal Disord , vol.9 , pp. 8-16
    • Darden II, B.V.1    Wood, K.E.2    Hatley, M.K.3    Owen, J.H.4    Kostuik, J.5
  • 96
    • 0029018888 scopus 로고
    • A prospective analysis of intraoperative electromyographic monitoring of pedicle screw placement with computed tomographic scan confirmation
    • Glassman S.D., Dimar J.R., Puno R.M., Johnson J.R., Shields C.B., Linden R.D. A prospective analysis of intraoperative electromyographic monitoring of pedicle screw placement with computed tomographic scan confirmation. Spine. 20:1995;1375-1379.
    • (1995) Spine , vol.20 , pp. 1375-1379
    • Glassman, S.D.1    Dimar, J.R.2    Puno, R.M.3    Johnson, J.R.4    Shields, C.B.5    Linden, R.D.6
  • 97
    • 0034463677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The usefulness of electrical stimulation for assessing pedicle screw placements
    • Toleikis J.R., Skelly J.P., Carlvin A.O., et al. The usefulness of electrical stimulation for assessing pedicle screw placements. J Spinal Disord. 13:2000;283-289.
    • (2000) J Spinal Disord , vol.13 , pp. 283-289
    • Toleikis, J.R.1    Skelly, J.P.2    Carlvin, A.O.3
  • 98
    • 0030741966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation with evoked and spontaneous electromyography during lumbar instrumentation: A prospective study
    • Welch W.C., Rose R.D., Balzer J.R., Jacobs G.B. Evaluation with evoked and spontaneous electromyography during lumbar instrumentation: a prospective study. J Neurosurg. 87:1997;397-402.
    • (1997) J Neurosurg , vol.87 , pp. 397-402
    • Welch, W.C.1    Rose, R.D.2    Balzer, J.R.3    Jacobs, G.B.4
  • 99
    • 0031747029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous somatosensory evoked potential and electromyographic recordings during lumbosacral decompression and instrumentation
    • Balzer J.R., Rose R.D., Welch W.C., Sclabassi R.J. Simultaneous somatosensory evoked potential and electromyographic recordings during lumbosacral decompression and instrumentation. Neurosurgery. 42:1998;1318-1325.
    • (1998) Neurosurgery , vol.42 , pp. 1318-1325
    • Balzer, J.R.1    Rose, R.D.2    Welch, W.C.3    Sclabassi, R.J.4
  • 100
    • 0028030049 scopus 로고
    • The use of mechanically elicited electromyograms to protect nerve roots during surgery for spinal degeneration
    • Owen J.H., Kostuik J.P., Gornet M., et al. The use of mechanically elicited electromyograms to protect nerve roots during surgery for spinal degeneration. Spine. 19:1994;1704-1710.
    • (1994) Spine , vol.19 , pp. 1704-1710
    • Owen, J.H.1    Kostuik, J.P.2    Gornet, M.3
  • 101
    • 0035289778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord and nerve root monitoring during surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis
    • Weiss D.S. Spinal cord and nerve root monitoring during surgical treatment of lumbar stenosis. Clin Orthop. 384:2001;82-100.
    • (2001) Clin Orthop , vol.384 , pp. 82-100
    • Weiss, D.S.1
  • 102
    • 0033061941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing deficits following excitotoxic and contusion injuries in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord of the adult rat
    • Magnuson D.S., Trinder T.C., Zhang Y.P., Burke D., Morassutti D.J., Shields C.B. Comparing deficits following excitotoxic and contusion injuries in the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord of the adult rat. Exp Neurol. 156:1999;191-204.
    • (1999) Exp Neurol , vol.156 , pp. 191-204
    • Magnuson, D.S.1    Trinder, T.C.2    Zhang, Y.P.3    Burke, D.4    Morassutti, D.J.5    Shields, C.B.6
  • 103
    • 0034433649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lasting paraplegia caused by loss of lumbar spinal cord interneurons in rats: No direct correlation with motor neuron loss
    • Hadi B., Zhang Y.P., Burke D.A., Shields C.B., Magnuson D.S. Lasting paraplegia caused by loss of lumbar spinal cord interneurons in rats: no direct correlation with motor neuron loss. J Neurosurg. 93:2000;266-275.
    • (2000) J Neurosurg , vol.93 , pp. 266-275
    • Hadi, B.1    Zhang, Y.P.2    Burke, D.A.3    Shields, C.B.4    Magnuson, D.S.5
  • 104
    • 0000880680 scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological studies of nerve and reflex activity in normal man:: IV. Two neurone reflex and identification of certain action potentials
    • Magladery J.W., Porter W.W., Park A.M., Teasdall R.D. Electrophysiological studies of nerve and reflex activity in normal man: IV. two neurone reflex and identification of certain action potentials . Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp. 88:1951;499-519.
    • (1951) Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp , vol.88 , pp. 499-519
    • Magladery, J.W.1    Porter, W.W.2    Park, A.M.3    Teasdall, R.D.4
  • 105
    • 0028878363 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between evoked potentials and clinical status in spinal cord ischemia
    • Kai Y., Owen J.H., Allen B.T., Dobras M., Davis C. Relationship between evoked potentials and clinical status in spinal cord ischemia. Spine. 20:1995;291-296.
    • (1995) Spine , vol.20 , pp. 291-296
    • Kai, Y.1    Owen, J.H.2    Allen, B.T.3    Dobras, M.4    Davis, C.5
  • 106
    • 0026699694 scopus 로고
    • Effects of compression on physiologic integrity of the spinal cord, on circulation, and clinical status in four different directions of compression: Posterior, anterior, circumferential, and lateral
    • Ueta T., Owen J.H., Sugioka Y. Effects of compression on physiologic integrity of the spinal cord, on circulation, and clinical status in four different directions of compression: posterior, anterior, circumferential, and lateral. Spine. 17:1992;S217-S226.
    • (1992) Spine , vol.17
    • Ueta, T.1    Owen, J.H.2    Sugioka, Y.3
  • 107
    • 0030924716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory- and motor-evoked potentials in a rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia and reperfusion injury
    • Zhao M., Zhang Y., Liu L., Liu Y., Liao W. Somatosensory- and motor-evoked potentials in a rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia and reperfusion injury. Spine. 22:1997;1013-1017.
    • (1997) Spine , vol.22 , pp. 1013-1017
    • Zhao, M.1    Zhang, Y.2    Liu, L.3    Liu, Y.4    Liao, W.5
  • 108
    • 0033158630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ankle clonus test for assessment of the integrity of the spinal cord during operations for scoliosis
    • Ewen A., Bart B.B., Goresky G.V. The ankle clonus test for assessment of the integrity of the spinal cord during operations for scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 81:1999;1044.
    • (1999) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.81 , pp. 1044
    • Ewen, A.1    Bart, B.B.2    Goresky, G.V.3
  • 109
    • 0031018822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ankle clonus test for assessment of the integrity of the spinal cord during operations for scoliosis
    • Hoppenfeld S., Gross A., Andrews C., Lonner B. The ankle clonus test for assessment of the integrity of the spinal cord during operations for scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 79:1997;208-212.
    • (1997) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.79 , pp. 208-212
    • Hoppenfeld, S.1    Gross, A.2    Andrews, C.3    Lonner, B.4
  • 110
    • 0031051129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord motoneuron excitability during isoflurane and nitrous oxide anesthesia
    • Zhou H.H., Mehta M., Leis A.A. Spinal cord motoneuron excitability during isoflurane and nitrous oxide anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 86:1997;302-307.
    • (1997) Anesthesiology , vol.86 , pp. 302-307
    • Zhou, H.H.1    Mehta, M.2    Leis, A.A.3
  • 111
  • 112
    • 0034803313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of electromyographic monitoring during insertion of thoracic pedicle screws
    • Reidy D.P., Houlden D., Nolan P.C., Kim M., Finkelstein J.A. Evaluation of electromyographic monitoring during insertion of thoracic pedicle screws. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 83:2001;1009-1014.
    • (2001) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.83 , pp. 1009-1014
    • Reidy, D.P.1    Houlden, D.2    Nolan, P.C.3    Kim, M.4    Finkelstein, J.A.5
  • 113
    • 0031806804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatosensory evoked potential monitoring during positioning of the patient for posterior fossa surgery in the semisitting position
    • Deinsberger W., Christophis P., Jodicke A., Heesen M., Boker D.K. Somatosensory evoked potential monitoring during positioning of the patient for posterior fossa surgery in the semisitting position. Neurosurgery. 43:1998;36-42.
    • (1998) Neurosurgery , vol.43 , pp. 36-42
    • Deinsberger, W.1    Christophis, P.2    Jodicke, A.3    Heesen, M.4    Boker, D.K.5
  • 114
    • 0035570444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of somatosensory evoked potentials during positioning in a patient undergoing suboccipital craniectomy for Chiari I malformation with syringomyelia
    • Anderson R.C., Emerson R.G., Dowling K.C., Feldstein N.A. Attenuation of somatosensory evoked potentials during positioning in a patient undergoing suboccipital craniectomy for Chiari I malformation with syringomyelia. J Child Neurol. 16:2001;936-939.
    • (2001) J Child Neurol , vol.16 , pp. 936-939
    • Anderson, R.C.1    Emerson, R.G.2    Dowling, K.C.3    Feldstein, N.A.4
  • 115
    • 0028070462 scopus 로고
    • Evoked potential monitoring of the upper extremities during thoracic and lumbar spinal deformity surgery: A prospective study
    • O'Brien M.F., Lenke L.G., Bridwell K.H., Padberg A., Stokes M. Evoked potential monitoring of the upper extremities during thoracic and lumbar spinal deformity surgery: a prospective study. J Spinal Disord. 7:1994;277-284.
    • (1994) J Spinal Disord , vol.7 , pp. 277-284
    • O'Brien, M.F.1    Lenke, L.G.2    Bridwell, K.H.3    Padberg, A.4    Stokes, M.5
  • 116
    • 0034586201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of positional brachial plexopathy during surgical correction of scoliosis
    • Schwartz D.M., Drummond D.S., Hahn M., Ecker M.L., Dormans J.P. Prevention of positional brachial plexopathy during surgical correction of scoliosis. J Spinal Disord. 13:2000;178-182.
    • (2000) J Spinal Disord , vol.13 , pp. 178-182
    • Schwartz, D.M.1    Drummond, D.S.2    Hahn, M.3    Ecker, M.L.4    Dormans, J.P.5
  • 117
    • 0034214038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Femoral artery ischemia during spinal scoliosis surgery detected by posterior tibial nerve somatosensory-evoked potential monitoring
    • Vossler D.G., Stonecipher T., Millen M.D. Femoral artery ischemia during spinal scoliosis surgery detected by posterior tibial nerve somatosensory- evoked potential monitoring. Spine. 25:2000;1457-1459.
    • (2000) Spine , vol.25 , pp. 1457-1459
    • Vossler, D.G.1    Stonecipher, T.2    Millen, M.D.3
  • 118
    • 0033989094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraoperative SSEP detection of ulnar nerve compression or ischemia in an obese patient: A unique complication associated with a specialized spinal retraction system
    • Baumann S.B., Welch W.C., Bloom M.J. Intraoperative SSEP detection of ulnar nerve compression or ischemia in an obese patient: a unique complication associated with a specialized spinal retraction system. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 81:2000;130-132.
    • (2000) Arch Phys Med Rehabil , vol.81 , pp. 130-132
    • Baumann, S.B.1    Welch, W.C.2    Bloom, M.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.