메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 7, 2003, Pages 573-586

The motor infrastructure: From ion channels to neuronal networks

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ION CHANNEL;

EID: 0042708264     PISSN: 1471003X     EISSN: 14710048     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrn1137     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (664)

References (156)
  • 2
    • 0142132253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (eds. Zigmond, M. J., Bloom, F. E., Landis, S. C., Roberts, J. L. & Squire, L. R., Academic, San Diego
    • Grillner, S. in Fundamental Neuroscience (eds. Zigmond, M. J., Bloom, F. E., Landis, S. C., Roberts, J. L. & Squire, L. R.) 755-767 (Academic, San Diego, 2002).
    • (2002) Fundamental Neuroscience , pp. 755-767
    • Grillner, S.1
  • 4
    • 0023446059 scopus 로고
    • Motor activity during searching and walking movements of cockroach legs
    • Delcomyn, F. Motor activity during searching and walking movements of cockroach legs. J. Exp. Biol. 133, 111-120 (1987).
    • (1987) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.133 , pp. 111-120
    • Delcomyn, F.1
  • 5
    • 0019451808 scopus 로고
    • The contribution of sensory inputs to the pattern generation of breathing
    • von Euler, C. The contribution of sensory inputs to the pattern generation of breathing. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 59, 700-706 (1981).
    • (1981) Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. , vol.59 , pp. 700-706
    • Von Euler, C.1
  • 6
    • 0030020123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural networks for vertebrate locomotion
    • Grillner, S. Neural networks for vertebrate locomotion. Sci. Am. 274, 64-69 (1996).
    • (1996) Sci. Am. , vol.274 , pp. 64-69
    • Grillner, S.1
  • 7
    • 0021994514 scopus 로고
    • Neurobiological bases of rhythmic motor acts in vertebrates
    • Grillner, S. Neurobiological bases of rhythmic motor acts in vertebrates. Science 228, 143-149 (1985).
    • (1985) Science , vol.228 , pp. 143-149
    • Grillner, S.1
  • 9
    • 0016493111 scopus 로고
    • Locomotion in vertebrates: Central mechanisms and reflex interaction
    • Grillner, S. Locomotion in vertebrates: central mechanisms and reflex interaction. Physiol. Rev. 55, 247-304 (1975).
    • (1975) Physiol. Rev. , vol.55 , pp. 247-304
    • Grillner, S.1
  • 10
    • 0036901199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic processing in the mammalian superior colliculus
    • Isa, T. Intrinsic processing in the mammalian superior colliculus. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12, 668-677 (2002).
    • (2002) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.12 , pp. 668-677
    • Isa, T.1
  • 11
    • 0036884317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The brainstem control of saccadic eye movements
    • Sparks, D. L. The brainstem control of saccadic eye movements. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 3, 952-964 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature Rev. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 952-964
    • Sparks, D.L.1
  • 13
    • 0001406862 scopus 로고
    • Multidimensional scaling of emotional facial expressions: Similarity from preschoolers to adults
    • Russell, J. & Bullock, M. Multidimensional scaling of emotional facial expressions: similarity from preschoolers to adults. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 48, 1290-1298 (1985).
    • (1985) J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. , vol.48 , pp. 1290-1298
    • Russell, J.1    Bullock, M.2
  • 14
    • 0036831284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular organization of cerebellar long-term depression
    • Ito, M. The molecular organization of cerebellar long-term depression. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 3, 896-902 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature Rev. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 896-902
    • Ito, M.1
  • 16
    • 0012551482 scopus 로고
    • Recombination of motor pattern generators. Simple neuronal networks combine to produce complex versatile motor patterns
    • Grillner, S. Recombination of motor pattern generators. Simple neuronal networks combine to produce complex versatile motor patterns. Curr. Biol. 1, 231-233 (1991).
    • (1991) Curr. Biol. , vol.1 , pp. 231-233
    • Grillner, S.1
  • 17
    • 84984770555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grillner, S. & Wallen, P. in Brain Mechanisms for the Integration of Posture and Movement (eds Mori, S., Stuart, D. G. & Wiesendanger, M.) (Elsevier, Amsterdam, in the press).
    • Grillner, S.1    Wallen, P.2
  • 18
    • 0018826923 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of flexor burst generation by loading ankle extensor muscles in walking cats
    • Duysens, J. & Pearson, K. G. Inhibition of flexor burst generation by loading ankle extensor muscles in walking cats. Brain Res. 187, 321-332 (1980).
    • (1980) Brain Res , vol.187 , pp. 321-332
    • Duysens, J.1    Pearson, K.G.2
  • 19
    • 0017843794 scopus 로고
    • On the initiation of the swing phase of locomotion in chronic spinal cats
    • Grillner, S. & Rossignol, S. On the initiation of the swing phase of locomotion in chronic spinal cats. Brain Res. 146, 269-277 (1978).
    • (1978) Brain Res , vol.146 , pp. 269-277
    • Grillner, S.1    Rossignol, S.2
  • 20
    • 0036025058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of proprioceptive feedback in the regulation and adaptation of locomotor activity
    • Lam, T. & Pearson, K. G. The role of proprioceptive feedback in the regulation and adaptation of locomotor activity. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 508, 343-355 (2002).
    • (2002) Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. , vol.508 , pp. 343-355
    • Lam, T.1    Pearson, K.G.2
  • 21
    • 0034659245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional role of muscle reflexes for force generation in the decerebrate walking cat
    • Stein, R. B., Misiaszek, J. E. & Pearson, K. G. Functional role of muscle reflexes for force generation in the decerebrate walking cat. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 525, 781-791 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Physiol. (Lond.) , vol.525 , pp. 781-791
    • Stein, R.B.1    Misiaszek, J.E.2    Pearson, K.G.3
  • 22
    • 0028578111 scopus 로고
    • Postural control system
    • Massion, J. Postural control system. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 4, 877-887 (1994).
    • (1994) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.4 , pp. 877-887
    • Massion, J.1
  • 23
    • 0015391874 scopus 로고
    • The role of muscle stiffness in meeting the changing postural and locomotor requirements for force development by the ankle extensors
    • Grillner, S. The role of muscle stiffness in meeting the changing postural and locomotor requirements for force development by the ankle extensors. Acta Physiol. Scand. 86, 92-108 (1972).
    • (1972) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.86 , pp. 92-108
    • Grillner, S.1
  • 25
    • 0017071116 scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiology of locomotor automatism
    • Shik, M. L. & Orlovsky, G. N. Neurophysiology of locomotor automatism. Physiol. Rev. 56, 465-501 (1976).
    • (1976) Physiol. Rev. , vol.56 , pp. 465-501
    • Shik, M.L.1    Orlovsky, G.N.2
  • 26
    • 0001940287 scopus 로고
    • Ober relative Koordination bei Saugern und beim Menschen
    • von Holst, E. Ober relative Koordination bei Saugern und beim Menschen. PfluegersArchiv. 240, 44-49 (1938).
    • (1938) Pfluegersarchiv , vol.240 , pp. 44-49
    • Von Holst, E.1
  • 27
    • 0002851526 scopus 로고
    • Interneurons commanding swimmeret movements in the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard)
    • Wiersma, C. A. G. & Ikeda, K. Interneurons commanding swimmeret movements in the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 12, 509-525 (1964).
    • (1964) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. , vol.12 , pp. 509-525
    • Wiersma, C.A.G.1    Ikeda, K.2
  • 28
    • 0032439681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of central pattern generators for rhythmic motor outputs in the spinal cord of limbed vertebrates
    • Kiehn, O. & Kjaerulff, O. Distribution of central pattern generators for rhythmic motor outputs in the spinal cord of limbed vertebrates. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 860, 110-129 (1998).
    • (1998) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.860 , pp. 110-129
    • Kiehn, O.1    Kjaerulff, O.2
  • 29
    • 0037112068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Firing properties of identified interneuron populations in the mammalian hindlimb central pattern generator
    • Butt, S. J., Harris-Warrick, R. M. & Kiehn, O. Firing properties of identified interneuron populations in the mammalian hindlimb central pattern generator. J. Neurosci. 22, 9961-9971 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 9961-9971
    • Butt, S.J.1    Harris-Warrick, R.M.2    Kiehn, O.3
  • 30
    • 0036467745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gap junctions and motor behavior
    • Kiehn, O. & Tresch, M. C. Gap junctions and motor behavior. Trends Neurosci. 25, 108-115 (2002).
    • (2002) Trends Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 108-115
    • Kiehn, O.1    Tresch, M.C.2
  • 31
    • 0034517214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential maturation of motoneurons innervating ankle flexor and extensor muscles in the neonatal rat
    • Vinay, L., Brocard, F. & Clarac, F. Differential maturation of motoneurons innervating ankle flexor and extensor muscles in the neonatal rat. Eur. J. Neurosci. 12, 4562-4566 (2000).
    • (2000) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.12 , pp. 4562-4566
    • Vinay, L.1    Brocard, F.2    Clarac, F.3
  • 32
    • 0037096257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postural modifications and neuronal excitability changes induced by a short-term serotonin depletion during neonatal development in the rat
    • Pflieger, J. F, Clarac, F. & Vinay, L. Postural modifications and neuronal excitability changes induced by a short-term serotonin depletion during neonatal development in the rat. J. Neurosci. 22, 5108-5117 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 5108-5117
    • Pflieger, J.F.1    Clarac, F.2    Vinay, L.3
  • 33
    • 0028902358 scopus 로고
    • Properties of networks controlling locomotion and significance of voltage dependency of NMDA channels: Stimulation study of rhythm generation sustained by positive feedback
    • Roberts, A., Tunstall, M. J. & Wolf, E. Properties of networks controlling locomotion and significance of voltage dependency of NMDA channels: stimulation study of rhythm generation sustained by positive feedback. J. Neurophysiol. 73, 485-495 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.73 , pp. 485-495
    • Roberts, A.1    Tunstall, M.J.2    Wolf, E.3
  • 34
    • 0028893460 scopus 로고
    • Involvement of brainstem serotonergic interneurons in the development of a vertebrate spinal locomotor circuit
    • Sillar, K. T., Woolston, A. M. & Wedderburn, J. F. Involvement of brainstem serotonergic interneurons in the development of a vertebrate spinal locomotor circuit.Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 259, 65-70 (1995).
    • (1995) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.259 , pp. 65-70
    • Sillar, K.T.1    Woolston, A.M.2    Wedderburn, J.F.3
  • 35
    • 0036750492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling inter- segmental coordination of neuronal oscillators: Synaptic mechanisms for uni-directional coupling during swimming in Xenopustadpoles
    • Tunstall, M. J., Roberts, A. & Soffe, S. R. Modelling inter- segmental coordination of neuronal oscillators: synaptic mechanisms for uni-directional coupling during swimming in Xenopustadpoles. J. Comput. Neurosci. 13, 143-158 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Comput. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 143-158
    • Tunstall, M.J.1    Roberts, A.2    Soffe, S.R.3
  • 36
    • 0031452481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ion channels and the control of swimming in the Xenopusembryo
    • Dale, N. & Kuenzi, F. M. Ion channels and the control of swimming in the Xenopusembryo. Prog. Neurobiol. 53, 729-756 (1997).
    • (1997) Prog. Neurobiol. , vol.53 , pp. 729-756
    • Dale, N.1    Kuenzi, F.M.2
  • 37
    • 0036824323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular bases of a vertebrate locomotor system — steering, intersegmental and segmental co-ordination and sensory control
    • Grillner, S. & Wallen, P. Cellular bases of a vertebrate locomotor system — steering, intersegmental and segmental co-ordination and sensory control. Brain Res. Rev. 40, 95-106 (2002).
    • (2002) Brain Res. Rev. , vol.40 , pp. 95-106
    • Grillner, S.1    Wallen, P.2
  • 38
    • 84984773216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grillner, S., Georgopoulos, A. P. & Jordan, L. in Neurons, Networks and Motor Behavior (eds Stein, P. S. G., Grillner, S., Selverston, A. I. & Stuart, D. G.) 3-19 (MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1997).
    • Grillner, S.1    Georgopoulos, A.P.2    Jordan, L.3
  • 39
    • 0033769274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region elicits controlled swimming in semi-intact lampreys
    • Sirota, M. G., Di Prisco, G. V. & Dubuc, R. Stimulation of the mesencephalic locomotor region elicits controlled swimming in semi-intact lampreys. Eur. J. Neurosci. 12, 4081-4092 (2000).
    • (2000) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.12 , pp. 4081-4092
    • Sirota, M.G.1    Di Prisco, G.V.2    Dubuc, R.3
  • 40
    • 0034329362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cellular mechanism for the transformation of a sensory input into a motor command
    • Di Prisco, G. V., Pearlstein, E., Le Ray, D., Robitaille, R. & Dubuc, R. A cellular mechanism for the transformation of a sensory input into a motor command. J. Neurosci. 20, 8169-8176 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Neurosci. , vol.20 , pp. 8169-8176
    • Di Prisco, G.V.1    Pearlstein, E.2    Le Ray, D.3    Robitaille, R.4    Dubuc, R.5
  • 41
    • 0031717798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacologically evoked fictive motor patterns in the acutely spinalized marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus)
    • Fedirchuk, B., Nielsen, J., Petersen, N. & Hultborn, H. Pharmacologically evoked fictive motor patterns in the acutely spinalized marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus). Exp. Brain Res. 122, 351-361 (1998).
    • (1998) Exp. Brain Res , vol.122 , pp. 351-361
    • Fedirchuk, B.1    Nielsen, J.2    Petersen, N.3    Hultborn, H.4
  • 42
    • 0037941640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast and slow locomotor burst generation in the hemi-spinal cord of the lamprey
    • 22 Jan
    • Cangiano, L. & Grillner, S. Fast and slow locomotor burst generation in the hemi-spinal cord of the lamprey. J. Neurophysiol. 22 Jan 2003 (DOI 10.1152/jn.01100.2002).
    • (2003) J. Neurophysiol
    • Cangiano, L.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 43
    • 0032981765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commissural interneurons in rhythm generation and intersegmental coupling in the lamprey spinal cord
    • Buchanan, J. T. Commissural interneurons in rhythm generation and intersegmental coupling in the lamprey spinal cord. J. Neurophysiol. 81, 2037-2045 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.81 , pp. 2037-2045
    • Buchanan, J.T.1
  • 44
    • 0142036993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast and slow locomotor burst generation in the hemi-spinal cord of the lamprey
    • Cangiano, L. & Grillner, S. Fast and slow locomotor burst generation in the hemi-spinal cord of the lamprey. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 28, 65.10 (2002).
    • (2002) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.28 , Issue.65 , pp. 10
    • Cangiano, L.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 45
    • 0021327225 scopus 로고
    • Strychnine eliminates alternating motor output during fictive locomotion in the lamprey
    • Cohen, A. H. & Harris-Warrick, R. M. Strychnine eliminates alternating motor output during fictive locomotion in the lamprey. Brain Res. 293, 164-167 (1984).
    • (1984) Brain Res , vol.293 , pp. 164-167
    • Cohen, A.H.1    Harris-Warrick, R.M.2
  • 46
    • 0018938350 scopus 로고
    • P Does the central pattern generator for locomotion in lamprey depend on glycine inhibition?
    • Grillner, S. & Wallen, P Does the central pattern generator for locomotion in lamprey depend on glycine inhibition? Acta Physiol. Scand. 110, 103-105 (1980).
    • (1980) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.110 , pp. 103-105
    • Grillner, S.1
  • 47
    • 0020055554 scopus 로고
    • Identification of interneurons with contralateral, caudal axons in the lamprey spinal cord: Synaptic interactions and morphology
    • Buchanan, J. T. Identification of interneurons with contralateral, caudal axons in the lamprey spinal cord: synaptic interactions and morphology. J. Neurophysiol. 47, 961-975 (1982).
    • (1982) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.47 , pp. 961-975
    • Buchanan, J.T.1
  • 48
    • 0023658190 scopus 로고
    • Newly identified 'glutamate interneurons' and their role in locomotion in the lamprey spinal cord
    • Buchanan, J. T. & Grillner, S. Newly identified 'glutamate interneurons' and their role in locomotion in the lamprey spinal cord. Science 236, 312-314 (1987).
    • (1987) Science , vol.236 , pp. 312-314
    • Buchanan, J.T.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 49
    • 0033103896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity-dependent metaplasticity of inhibitory and excitatory synaptic transmission in the lamprey spinal cord locomotor network
    • Parker, D. & Grillner, S. Activity-dependent metaplasticity of inhibitory and excitatory synaptic transmission in the lamprey spinal cord locomotor network. J. Neuroscl. 19, 1647-1656 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Neuroscl. , vol.19 , pp. 1647-1656
    • Parker, D.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 50
    • 0034122001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The activity-dependent plasticity of segmental and intersegmental synaptic connections in the lamprey spinal cord
    • Parker, D. & Grillner, S. The activity-dependent plasticity of segmental and intersegmental synaptic connections in the lamprey spinal cord. Eur. J. Neuroscl. 12, 2135-2146 (2000).
    • (2000) Eur. J. Neuroscl. , vol.12 , pp. 2135-2146
    • Parker, D.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 51
    • 0026001196 scopus 로고
    • A new population of neurons with crossed axons in the lamprey spinal cord
    • Ohta, Y, Dubuc, R. & Grillner, S. A new population of neurons with crossed axons in the lamprey spinal cord. Brain Res. 564, 143-148 (1991).
    • (1991) Brain Res , vol.564 , pp. 143-148
    • Ohta, Y.1    Dubuc, R.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 52
    • 0023860677 scopus 로고
    • A new class of small inhibitory interneurones in the lamprey spinal cord
    • Buchanan, J. T. & Grillner, S. A new class of small inhibitory interneurones in the lamprey spinal cord. Brain Res. 438, 404-407 (1988).
    • (1988) Brain Res , vol.438 , pp. 404-407
    • Buchanan, J.T.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 53
    • 0024448355 scopus 로고
    • Monosynaptic excitatory amino acid transmission from the posterior rhombencephalic reticular nucleus to spinal neurons involved in the control of locomotion in lamprey
    • Ohta, Y. & Grillner, S. Monosynaptic excitatory amino acid transmission from the posterior rhombencephalic reticular nucleus to spinal neurons involved in the control of locomotion in lamprey. J. Neurophysiol. 62, 1079-1089 (1989).
    • (1989) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.62 , pp. 1079-1089
    • Ohta, Y.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 54
    • 0033371410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central pattern generators and interphyletic awareness
    • Stein, P. S. Central pattern generators and interphyletic awareness. Prog. Brain Res. 123, 259-271 (1999).
    • (1999) Prog. Brain Res. , vol.123 , pp. 259-271
    • Stein, P.S.1
  • 55
    • 0032414917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of spontaneous activity in the developing spinal cord and their relevance to locomotion
    • O'Donovan, M. J., Wenner, P., Chub, N., Tabak, J. & Rinzel, J. Mechanisms of spontaneous activity in the developing spinal cord and their relevance to locomotion. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 860, 130-141 (1998).
    • (1998) Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.860 , pp. 130-141
    • O'donovan, M.J.1    Wenner, P.2    Chub, N.3    Tabak, J.4    Rinzel, J.5
  • 56
    • 0036810510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the locomotor network in zebrafish
    • Drapeau, P et al. Development of the locomotor network in zebrafish. Prog. Neuroblol. 68, 85-111 (2002).
    • (2002) Prog. Neuroblol. , vol.68 , pp. 85-111
    • Drapeau, P.1
  • 57
    • 0032412823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological activation and modulation of the central pattern generator for locomotion in the cat
    • Rossignol, S. et al. Pharmacological activation and modulation of the central pattern generator for locomotion in the cat. Ann. NY Acad. Scl. 860, 346-359 (1998).
    • (1998) Ann. NY Acad. Scl. , vol.860 , pp. 346-359
    • Rossignol, S.1
  • 58
    • 0029000832 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic and electrical synapses between synergistic spinal motoneurones in the Xenopus laevls embryo
    • Perrins, R. & Roberts, A. Cholinergic and electrical synapses between synergistic spinal motoneurones in the Xenopus laevls embryo. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 485, 135-144 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Physiol. (Lond.) , vol.485 , pp. 135-144
    • Perrins, R.1    Roberts, A.2
  • 59
    • 0037482901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous release of acetylcholine modulates the locomotor network of the lamprey spinal cord
    • Placas, P. G. & Buchanan, J. T. Endogenous release of acetylcholine modulates the locomotor network of the lamprey spinal cord. Soc. Neuroscl. Abstr. 28, 270.10 (2002).
    • (2002) Soc. Neuroscl. Abstr. , vol.28 , Issue.270 , pp. 10
    • Placas, P.G.1    Buchanan, J.T.2
  • 60
    • 0028943554 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic contribution to excitation in a spinal locomotor central pattern generator in Xenopus embryos
    • Perrins, R. & Roberts, A. Cholinergic contribution to excitation in a spinal locomotor central pattern generator in Xenopus embryos. J. Neurophysiol. 73, 1013-1019 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.73 , pp. 1013-1019
    • Perrins, R.1    Roberts, A.2
  • 61
    • 0032588526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactive effects of the GABABergic modulation of calcium channels and calcium-dependent potassium channels in lamprey
    • Tegner, J. & Grillner, S. Interactive effects of the GABABergic modulation of calcium channels and calcium-dependent potassium channels in lamprey. J. Neurophysiol. 81, 1318-1329 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.81 , pp. 1318-1329
    • Tegner, J.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 62
    • 0027481328 scopus 로고
    • The spinal GABA system modulates burst frequency and intersegmental coordination in the lamprey: Differential effects of GABAA and GABAB receptors
    • Tegner, J., Matsushima, T., El Manira, A. & Grillner, S. The spinal GABA system modulates burst frequency and intersegmental coordination in the lamprey: differential effects of GABAA and GABAB receptors. J. Neurophysiol. 69, 647-657 (1993).
    • (1993) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.69 , pp. 647-657
    • Tegner, J.1    Matsushima, T.2    El Manira, A.3    Grillner, S.4
  • 63
    • 84984778101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A GABAa activation contributes to the locomotor pattern generation by slowing the locomotor rhythm in lamprey
    • Schmitt, D. E., Hill, R. H. & Grillner, S. A GABAa activation contributes to the locomotor pattern generation by slowing the locomotor rhythm in lamprey. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 28, 65-7 (2002).
    • (2002) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.28 , pp. 65-67
    • Schmitt, D.E.1    Hill, R.H.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 64
    • 0033385827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and role of GABAa receptor-mediated synaptic potentials during swimming in postembryonic Xenopus laevis tadpoles
    • Reith, C. A. & Sillar, K. T. Development and role of GABAa receptor-mediated synaptic potentials during swimming in postembryonic Xenopus laevis tadpoles. J. Neurophysiol. 82, 3175-3187 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.82 , pp. 3175-3187
    • Reith, C.A.1    Sillar, K.T.2
  • 65
    • 0028104636 scopus 로고
    • Calcium-dependent potassium channels play a critical role for burst termination in the locomotor network in lamprey
    • El Manira, A., Tegner, J. & Grillner, S. Calcium-dependent potassium channels play a critical role for burst termination in the locomotor network in lamprey. J. Neurophysiol. 72, 1852-1861 (1994).
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 1852-1861
    • El Manira, A.1    Tegner, J.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 66
    • 0036310568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of apamin-sensitive KCachannels for reticulospinal synaptic transmission to motoneuron and for the afterhyperpolarization
    • Cachannels for reticulospinal synaptic transmission to motoneuron and for the afterhyperpolarization. J. Neurophysiol. 88, 289-299 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.88 , pp. 289-299
    • Cangiano, L.1    Wallen, P.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 68
    • 0031848518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A. Calcium influx through N- and P/Q-type channels activate apamin-sensitive calcium-dependent potassium channels generating the late afterhyperpolarization in lamprey spinal neurons
    • Wikstrom, M. A. & El Manira, A. Calcium influx through N- and P/Q-type channels activate apamin-sensitive calcium-dependent potassium channels generating the late afterhyperpolarization in lamprey spinal neurons. Eur. J. Neurosci. 10, 1528-1532 (1998).
    • (1998) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 1528-1532
    • Wikstrom, M.A.1    El, M.2
  • 69
    • 84984767821 scopus 로고
    • Control of lamprey locomotor neurons by colocalized monoamine transmitters
    • Schotland, J. et al. Control of lamprey locomotor neurons by colocalized monoamine transmitters. Nature 374, 266-268 (1995).
    • (1995) Nature , vol.374 , pp. 266-268
    • Schotland, J.1
  • 70
    • 0027787020 scopus 로고
    • GABAB receptor activation causes a depression of low- and high- voltage-activated Ca2+ currents, postinhibitory rebound, and postspike afterhyperpolarization in lamprey neurons
    • 2+ currents, postinhibitory rebound, and postspike afterhyperpolarization in lamprey neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 70, 2606-2619 (1993).
    • (1993) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.70 , pp. 2606-2619
    • Matsushima, T.1    Tegner, J.2    Hill, R.H.3    Grillner, S.4
  • 71
    • 0345211623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium channels involved in synaptic transmission from reticulospinal axons in lamprey
    • Krieger, P, Buschges, A. & El Manira, A. Calcium channels involved in synaptic transmission from reticulospinal axons in lamprey. J. Neurophysiol. 81, 1699-1705 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.81 , pp. 1699-1705
    • Krieger, P.1    Buschges, A.2    El Manira, A.3
  • 72
    • 0035867070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ion channels of importance for the locomotor pattern generation in the lamprey brainstem-spinal cord
    • Grillner, S., Wallen, P, Hill, R., Cangiano, L. & El Manira, A. Ion channels of importance for the locomotor pattern generation in the lamprey brainstem-spinal cord. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 533, 23-30 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Physiol. (Lond.) , vol.533 , pp. 23-30
    • Grillner, S.1    Wallen, P.2    Hill, R.3    Cangiano, L.4    El Manira, A.5
  • 73
    • 0033638065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles of high-voltage-activated calcium channel subtypes in a vertebrate spinal locomotor network
    • Buschges, A., Wikstrom, M. A., Grillner, S. & El Manira, A. Roles of high-voltage-activated calcium channel subtypes in a vertebrate spinal locomotor network. J. Neurophysiol. 84, 2758-2766 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.84 , pp. 2758-2766
    • Buschges, A.1    Wikstrom, M.A.2    Grillner, S.3    El Manira, A.4
  • 74
    • 0026581059 scopus 로고
    • Neural mechanisms of intersegmental coordination in lamprey: Local excitability changes modify the phase coupling along the spinal cord
    • Matsushima, T. & Grillner, S. Neural mechanisms of intersegmental coordination in lamprey: local excitability changes modify the phase coupling along the spinal cord. J. Neurophysiol. 67, 373-88 (1992).
    • (1992) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.67 , pp. 373-388
    • Matsushima, T.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 75
    • 0142100597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A-type potassium current limits synaptic transmission by normalizing presynaptic spike waveform and calcium influx
    • Lamotte dIncamps, B., Hess, D. & El Manira, A. A-type potassium current limits synaptic transmission by normalizing presynaptic spike waveform and calcium influx. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 27, 384.8 (2001).
    • (2001) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.27 , Issue.384 , pp. 8
    • Lamotte Dincamps, B.1    Hess, D.2    El Manira, A.3
  • 76
    • 0035942214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a high-voltage- activated IA current with a role in spike timing and locomotor pattern generation
    • Hess, D. & El Manira, A. Characterization of a high-voltage- activated IA current with a role in spike timing and locomotor pattern generation. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98, 5276-5281 (2001).
    • (2001) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.98 , pp. 5276-5281
    • Hess, D.1    El Manira, A.2
  • 77
    • 0036089004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular QX- 314 causes depression of membrane potential oscillations in lamprey spinal neurons during fictive locomotion
    • Hu, G. Y, Biro, Z., Hill, R. H. & Grillner, S. Intracellular QX- 314 causes depression of membrane potential oscillations in lamprey spinal neurons during fictive locomotion. J. Neurophysiol. 87, 2676-2683 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.87 , pp. 2676-2683
    • Hu, G.Y.1    Biro, Z.2    Hill, R.H.3    Grillner, S.4
  • 78
    • 0030953452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-voltage-activated calcium channels in the lamprey locomotor network: Simulation and experiment
    • Tegner, J., Hellgren-Kotaleski, J., Lansner, A. & Grillner, S. Low-voltage-activated calcium channels in the lamprey locomotor network: simulation and experiment. J. Neurophysiol. 77, 1795-1812 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.77 , pp. 1795-1812
    • Tegner, J.1    Hellgren-Kotaleski, J.2    Lansner, A.3    Grillner, S.4
  • 79
    • 0023404899 scopus 로고
    • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-induced, inherent oscillatory activity in neurons active during fictive locomotion in the lamprey
    • Wallen, P & Grillner, S. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-induced, inherent oscillatory activity in neurons active during fictive locomotion in the lamprey. J. Neurosci. 7, 2745-2755 (1987).
    • (1987) J. Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 2745-2755
    • Wallen, P.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 80
    • 0028835856 scopus 로고
    • R. Y Activity-related calcium dynamics in lamprey motoneurons as revealed by video-rate confocal microscopy
    • Bacskai, B. J., Wallen, P, Lev-Ram, V., Grillner, S. & Tsien, R. Y Activity-related calcium dynamics in lamprey motoneurons as revealed by video-rate confocal microscopy. Neuron 14, 19-28 (1995).
    • (1995) Neuron , vol.14 , pp. 19-28
    • Bacskai, B.J.1    Wallen, P.2    Lev-Ram, V.3    Grillner, S.4
  • 81
    • 0032429304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NMDA-induced intrinsic voltage oscillations depend on L-type calcium channels in spinal motoneurons of adult turtles
    • Guertin, P A. & Hounsgaard, J. NMDA-induced intrinsic voltage oscillations depend on L-type calcium channels in spinal motoneurons of adult turtles. J. Neurophysiol. 80, 3380-3382 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.80 , pp. 3380-3382
    • Guertin, P.A.1    Hounsgaard, J.2
  • 83
    • 0030935323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotor-related presynaptic modulation of primary afferents in the lamprey
    • El Manira, A., Tegner, J. & Grillner, S. Locomotor-related presynaptic modulation of primary afferents in the lamprey. Eur. J. Neurosci. 9, 696-705 (1997).
    • (1997) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.9 , pp. 696-705
    • El Manira, A.1    Tegner, J.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 84
    • 0026081869 scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic GABAA and GABAB receptor-mediated phasic modulation in axons of spinal motor interneurons
    • B receptor-mediated phasic modulation in axons of spinal motor interneurons. Eur. J. Neurosci. 3, 107-117 (1991).
    • (1991) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 107-117
    • Alford, S.1    Christenson, J.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 85
    • 0032905107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-lasting substance-P-mediated modulation of NMDA-induced rhythmic activity in the lamprey locomotor network involves separate RNA- and protein-synthesis-dependent stages
    • Parker, D. & Grillner, S. Long-lasting substance-P-mediated modulation of NMDA-induced rhythmic activity in the lamprey locomotor network involves separate RNA- and protein-synthesis-dependent stages. Eur. J. Neurosci. 11, 1515-1522 (1999).
    • (1999) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.11 , pp. 1515-1522
    • Parker, D.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 86
    • 0034042229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presynaptic and interactive peptidergic modulation of reticulospinal synaptic inputs in the lamprey
    • Parker, D. Presynaptic and interactive peptidergic modulation of reticulospinal synaptic inputs in the lamprey. J. Neurophysiol. 83, 2497-2507 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.83 , pp. 2497-2507
    • Parker, D.1
  • 87
    • 0025940969 scopus 로고
    • A computer based model for realistic simulations of neural networks. I. The single neuron and synaptic interaction
    • Ekeberg, O. et al. A computer based model for realistic simulations of neural networks. I. The single neuron and synaptic interaction. Biol. Cybern. 65, 81-90 (1991).
    • (1991) Biol. Cybern , vol.65 , pp. 81-90
    • Ekeberg, O.1
  • 88
    • 84976980657 scopus 로고
    • The neural control of fish swimming studied through numerical simulations
    • Ekeberg, O., Lansner, A. & Grillner, S. The neural control of fish swimming studied through numerical simulations. Adapt. Behav. 3, 363-384 (1995).
    • (1995) Adapt. Behav. , vol.3 , pp. 363-384
    • Ekeberg, O.1    Lansner, A.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 89
    • 0027015089 scopus 로고
    • Computer simulation of the segmental neural network generating locomotion in lamprey by using populations of network interneurons
    • Hellgren, J., Grillner, S. & Lansner, A. Computer simulation of the segmental neural network generating locomotion in lamprey by using populations of network interneurons. Biol. Cybern. 68, 1-13 (1992).
    • (1992) Biol. Cybern. , vol.68 , pp. 1-13
    • Hellgren, J.1    Grillner, S.2    Lansner, A.3
  • 90
    • 0036369873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms for lateral turns in lamprey in response to descending unilateral commands: A modeling study
    • Kozlov, A. K. et al. Mechanisms for lateral turns in lamprey in response to descending unilateral commands: a modeling study. Biol. Cybern. 86, 1-14 (2002).
    • (2002) Biol. Cybern. , vol.86 , pp. 1-14
    • Kozlov, A.K.1
  • 91
    • 0025851404 scopus 로고
    • Computer simulations of n-methyl-D- aspartate receptor-induced membrane properties in a neuron model
    • Brodin, L. et al. Computer simulations of n-methyl-D- aspartate receptor-induced membrane properties in a neuron model. J. Neurophysiol. 66, 473-484 (1991).
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.66 , pp. 473-484
    • Brodin, L.1
  • 92
    • 0034613335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The spinal 5-HT system contributes to the generation of fictive locomotion in lamprey
    • Zhang, W. & Grillner, S. The spinal 5-HT system contributes to the generation of fictive locomotion in lamprey. Brain Res. 879, 188-192 (2000).
    • (2000) Brain Res , vol.879 , pp. 188-192
    • Zhang, W.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 93
    • 84984778067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Midline modulator neurons are rhythmically active during fictive locomotion in the lamprey spinal cord
    • Svensson, E., Grillner, S., Kristensson, K. & Hill, R. H. Midline modulator neurons are rhythmically active during fictive locomotion in the lamprey spinal cord. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 28, 65.9 (2002).
    • (2002) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.28 , Issue.65 , pp. 9
    • Svensson, E.1    Grillner, S.2    Kristensson, K.3    Hill, R.H.4
  • 94
    • 0028943006 scopus 로고
    • The action of 5-HT on calcium-dependent potassium channels and on the spinal locomotor network in lamprey is mediated by 5-HT1A-like receptors
    • Wikstrom, M., Hill, R., Hellgren, J. & Grillner, S. The action of 5-HT on calcium-dependent potassium channels and on the spinal locomotor network in lamprey is mediated by 5-HT1A-like receptors. Brain Res. 678, 191-199 (1995).
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.678 , pp. 191-199
    • Wikstrom, M.1    Hill, R.2    Hellgren, J.3    Grillner, S.4
  • 95
    • 0034668699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of serotonin in reflex modulation and locomotor rhythm production in the mammalian spinal cord
    • Schmidt, B. J. & Jordan, L. M. The role of serotonin in reflex modulation and locomotor rhythm production in the mammalian spinal cord. Brain Res. Bull. 53, 689-710 (2000).
    • (2000) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.53 , pp. 689-710
    • Schmidt, B.J.1    Jordan, L.M.2
  • 96
    • 0142068950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Release of endogenous cannabinoids by group I mGluR activation modulates the locomotor rhythm in the lamprey
    • Kettunen, P, Hallen, K. & El Manira, A. Release of endogenous cannabinoids by group I mGluR activation modulates the locomotor rhythm in the lamprey. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 28, 167-5 (2002).
    • (2002) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.28 , pp. 167-175
    • Kettunen, P.1    Hallen, K.2    El Manira, A.3
  • 97
    • 0034661798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction between metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors regulates neuronal network activity
    • Krieger, P., Hellgren-Kotaleski, J., Kettunen, P. & El Manira, A. J. Interaction between metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors regulates neuronal network activity. J. Neurosci. 20, 5382-5391 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Neurosci. , vol.20 , pp. 5382-5391
    • Krieger, P.1    Hellgren-Kotaleski, J.2    Kettunen, P.3    El Manira, A.J.4
  • 98
    • 84984753279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology and mechanisms of group I mGluR-mediated effects in lamprey spinal cord neurons
    • Hess, D., Kettunen, P, Krieger, P. & El Manira, A. Pharmacology and mechanisms of group I mGluR-mediated effects in lamprey spinal cord neurons. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 27, 705-5 (2001).
    • (2001) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.27 , pp. 705-705
    • Hess, D.1    Kettunen, P.2    Krieger, P.3    El Manira, A.4
  • 99
    • 0024518739 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine on the afterhyperpolarization, spike frequency regulation, and oscillatory membrane properties in lamprey spinal cord neurons
    • Wallen, P et al. Effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine on the afterhyperpolarization, spike frequency regulation, and oscillatory membrane properties in lamprey spinal cord neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 61, 759-768 (1989).
    • (1989) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.61 , pp. 759-768
    • Wallen, P.1
  • 100
    • 0142100598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-HT inhibits N-type calcium channels in lamprey spinal neurons
    • Svensson, E., Dewael, Y, Hill, R. H. & Grillner, S. 5-HT inhibits N-type calcium channels in lamprey spinal neurons. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 27, 934-14 (2001).
    • (2001) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.27 , pp. 934-1014
    • Svensson, E.1    Dewael, Y.2    Hill, R.H.3    Grillner, S.4
  • 101
    • 0032526973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substance P modulates NMDA responses and causes long-term protein synthesis- dependent modulation of the lamprey locomotor network
    • Parker, D., Zhang, W. & Grillner, S. Substance P modulates NMDA responses and causes long-term protein synthesis- dependent modulation of the lamprey locomotor network. J. Neurosci. 18, 4800-4813 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 4800-4813
    • Parker, D.1    Zhang, W.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 102
    • 0022270821 scopus 로고
    • Serotonin modulates the central pattern generator for locomotion in the isolated lamprey spinal cord
    • Harris-Warrick, R. M. & Cohen, A. H. Serotonin modulates the central pattern generator for locomotion in the isolated lamprey spinal cord. J. Exp. Biol. 116, 27-46 (1985).
    • (1985) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.116 , pp. 27-46
    • Harris-Warrick, R.M.1    Cohen, A.H.2
  • 103
    • 0037095691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide selectively tunes inhibitory synapses to modulate vertebrate locomotion
    • McLean, D. L. & Sillar, K. T. Nitric oxide selectively tunes inhibitory synapses to modulate vertebrate locomotion. J. Neurosci. 22, 4175-4184 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 4175-4184
    • McLean, D.L.1    Sillar, K.T.2
  • 104
    • 0029838634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of rhythmic movements by purinergic neurotransmitters in frog embryos
    • Dale, N. & Gilday, D. Regulation of rhythmic movements by purinergic neurotransmitters in frog embryos. Nature 383, 259-263 (1996).
    • (1996) Nature , vol.383 , pp. 259-263
    • Dale, N.1    Gilday, D.2
  • 105
    • 0022485092 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical and chromatographic studies of peptides with tachykinin-like immunoreactivity in the central nervous system of the lamprey
    • Van Dongen, P. A. et al. Immunohistochemical and chromatographic studies of peptides with tachykinin-like immunoreactivity in the central nervous system of the lamprey. Peptides 7, 297-313 (1986).
    • (1986) Peptides , vol.7 , pp. 297-313
    • Van Dongen, P.A.1
  • 106
    • 0031451397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ionic currents, transmitters and models of motor pattern generators
    • Dale, N. & Kuenzi, F. Ionic currents, transmitters and models of motor pattern generators. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 7, 790-796 (1997).
    • (1997) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.7 , pp. 790-796
    • Dale, N.1    Kuenzi, F.2
  • 107
    • 0021364017 scopus 로고
    • The edge cell, a possible intraspinal mechanoreceptor
    • Grillner, S., Williams, T. & Lagerback, P A. The edge cell, a possible intraspinal mechanoreceptor. Science 223, 500-503 (1984).
    • (1984) Science , vol.223 , pp. 500-503
    • Grillner, S.1    Williams, T.2    Lagerback, P.A.3
  • 108
    • 0025049843 scopus 로고
    • Synaptic effects of intraspinal stretch receptor neurons mediating movement- related feedback during locomotion
    • Di Prisco, G. V., Wallen, P & Grillner, S. Synaptic effects of intraspinal stretch receptor neurons mediating movement- related feedback during locomotion. Brain Res. 530, 161-166 (1990).
    • (1990) Brain Res , vol.530 , pp. 161-166
    • Di Prisco, G.V.1    Wallen, P.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 109
    • 0029793385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central modulation of stretch receptor neurons during fictive locomotion in lamprey
    • Vinay, L., Barthe, J. Y & Grillner, S. Central modulation of stretch receptor neurons during fictive locomotion in lamprey. J. Neurophysiol. 76, 1224-1235 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.76 , pp. 1224-1235
    • Vinay, L.1    Barthe, J.Y.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 110
    • 0016287251 scopus 로고
    • On the generation of locomotion in the spinal dogfish
    • Grillner, S. On the generation of locomotion in the spinal dogfish. Exp. Brain Res. 20, 459-470 (1974).
    • (1974) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.20 , pp. 459-470
    • Grillner, S.1
  • 111
    • 0000974112 scopus 로고
    • (eds Herman, R. M., Grillner, S., Stein, P S. G. & Stuart, D. G.), Plenum, New York
    • Grillner, S. & Kashin, S. in Neural Control of Locomotion Vol. 18 (eds Herman, R. M., Grillner, S., Stein, P S. G. & Stuart, D. G.) 181-202 (Plenum, New York, 1976).
    • (1976) Neural Control of Locomotion , vol.18 , pp. 181-202
    • Grillner, S.1    Kashin, S.2
  • 112
    • 0021286960 scopus 로고
    • Fictive locomotion in the lamprey spinal cord in vitro compared with swimming in the intact and spinal animal
    • Wallen, P. & Williams, T. L. Fictive locomotion in the lamprey spinal cord in vitro compared with swimming in the intact and spinal animal. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 347, 225-239 (1984).
    • (1984) J. Physiol. (Lond.) , vol.347 , pp. 225-239
    • Wallen, P.1    Williams, T.L.2
  • 113
    • 0032938992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordination of spinal locomotor activity in the lamprey: Long-distance coupling of spinal oscillators
    • McClellan, A. D. & Hagevik, A. Coordination of spinal locomotor activity in the lamprey: long-distance coupling of spinal oscillators. Exp. Brain Res. 126, 93-108 (1999).
    • (1999) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.126 , pp. 93-108
    • McClellan, A.D.1    Hagevik, A.2
  • 114
    • 0026663039 scopus 로고
    • Modelling of intersegmental coordination in the lamprey central pattern generator for locomotion
    • Cohen, A. H. et al. Modelling of intersegmental coordination in the lamprey central pattern generator for locomotion. Trends Neurosci. 15, 434-438 (1992).
    • (1992) Trends Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 434-438
    • Cohen, A.H.1
  • 115
    • 0029869821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic behavior of a neural network model of locomotor control in the lamprey
    • Jung, R., Kiemel, T. & Cohen, A. H. Dynamic behavior of a neural network model of locomotor control in the lamprey. J. Neurophysiol. 75, 1074-1086 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Neurophysiol , vol.75 , pp. 1074-1086
    • Jung, R.1    Kiemel, T.2    Cohen, A.H.3
  • 116
    • 0035655955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lateral turns in the lamprey. I. Patterns of motoneuron activity
    • Fagerstedt, P. & Ullen, F. Lateral turns in the lamprey. I. Patterns of motoneuron activity. J. Neurophysiol. 86, 2246-2256 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.86 , pp. 2246-2256
    • Fagerstedt, P.1    Ullen, F.2
  • 118
    • 0036902785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative neurobiology of postural control
    • Deliagina, T. G. & Orlovsky, G. N. Comparative neurobiology of postural control. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12, 652-657 (2002).
    • (2002) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.12 , pp. 652-657
    • Deliagina, T.G.1    Orlovsky, G.N.2
  • 119
    • 0026657517 scopus 로고
    • Vestibular control of swimming in lamprey. II. Characteristics of spatial sensitivity of reticulospinal neurons
    • Deliagina, T. G., Orlovsky, G. N., Grillner, S. & Wallen, P Vestibular control of swimming in lamprey. II. Characteristics of spatial sensitivity of reticulospinal neurons. Exp. Brain Res. 90, 489-498 (1992).
    • (1992) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.90 , pp. 489-498
    • Deliagina, T.G.1    Orlovsky, G.N.2    Grillner, S.3    Wallen, P.4
  • 120
    • 0030820733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visual pathways for postural control and negative phototaxis in lamprey
    • Ullen, F., Deliagina, T. G., Orlovsky, G. N. & Grillner, S. Visual pathways for postural control and negative phototaxis in lamprey. J. Neurophysiol. 78, 960-976 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.78 , pp. 960-976
    • Ullen, F.1    Deliagina, T.G.2    Orlovsky, G.N.3    Grillner, S.4
  • 121
    • 0033614590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulations of neuromuscular control in lamprey swimming
    • Ekeberg, O. & Grillner, S. Simulations of neuromuscular control in lamprey swimming. Phil. Trans. R Soc. Lond. B 354, 895-902 (1999).
    • (1999) Phil. Trans. R Soc. Lond. B , vol.354 , pp. 895-902
    • Ekeberg, O.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 122
    • 0033209117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural mechanisms potentially contributing to the intersegmental phase lag in lamprey. I. Segmental oscillations dependent on reciprocal inhibition
    • Kotaleski, J. H., Grillner, S. & Lansner, A. Neural mechanisms potentially contributing to the intersegmental phase lag in lamprey. I. Segmental oscillations dependent on reciprocal inhibition. Biol. Cybern. 81, 317-330 (1999).
    • (1999) Biol. Cybern. , vol.81 , pp. 317-330
    • Kotaleski, J.H.1    Grillner, S.2    Lansner, A.3
  • 123
    • 0033209127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural mechanisms potentially contributing to the intersegmental phase lag in lamprey. II. Hemisegmental oscillations produced by mutually coupled excitatory neurons
    • Kotaleski, J. H., Lansner, A. & Grillner, S. Neural mechanisms potentially contributing to the intersegmental phase lag in lamprey. II. Hemisegmental oscillations produced by mutually coupled excitatory neurons. Biol. Cybern. 81, 299-315 (1999).
    • (1999) Biol. Cybern. , vol.81 , pp. 299-315
    • Kotaleski, J.H.1    Lansner, A.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 124
    • 0041788004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From swimming to walking: A single basic network for two different behaviors
    • Bem, T., Cabelguen, J. M., Ekeberg, O. & Grillner, S. From swimming to walking: a single basic network for two different behaviors. Biol. Cybern. 88, 79-90 (2003).
    • (2003) Biol. Cybern. , vol.88 , pp. 79-90
    • Bem, T.1    Cabelguen, J.M.2    Ekeberg, O.3    Grillner, S.4
  • 125
    • 0037239673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordinated motor activity in simulated spinal networks emerges from simple biologically plausible rules of connectivity
    • Dale, N. Coordinated motor activity in simulated spinal networks emerges from simple biologically plausible rules of connectivity. J. Comput. Neurosci. 14, 55-70 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Comput. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 55-70
    • Dale, N.1
  • 126
    • 0030760004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Afferents of the lamprey striatum with special reference to the dopaminergic system: A combined tracing and immunohistochemical study
    • Pombal, M. A., El Manira, A. & Grillner, S. Afferents of the lamprey striatum with special reference to the dopaminergic system: a combined tracing and immunohistochemical study. J. Comp. Neurol. 386, 71-91 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.386 , pp. 71-91
    • Pombal, M.A.1    El Manira, A.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 127
    • 0030967878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organization of the lamprey striatum — transmitters and projections
    • Pombal, M. A., El Manira, A. & Grillner, S. Organization of the lamprey striatum — transmitters and projections. Brain Res. 766, 249-254 (1997).
    • (1997) Brain Res , vol.766 , pp. 249-254
    • Pombal, M.A.1    El Manira, A.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 128
    • 0031590683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diencephalic projection to reticulospinal neurons involved in the initiation of locomotion in adult lampreys
    • El Manira, A., Pombal, M. A. & Grillner, S. Diencephalic projection to reticulospinal neurons involved in the initiation of locomotion in adult lampreys Lampetra fluviatilis. J. Comp. Neurol. 389, 603-616 (1997).
    • (1997) Lampetra Fluviatilis. J. Comp. Neurol , vol.389 , pp. 603-616
    • El Manira, A.1    Pombal, M.A.2    Grillner, S.3
  • 129
    • 0021362046 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for a projection from the lateral preoptic area and substantia innominata to the 'mesencephalic locomotor region' in the rat
    • Swanson, L. W., Mogenson, G. J., Gerfen, C. R. & Robinson, P. Evidence for a projection from the lateral preoptic area and substantia innominata to the 'mesencephalic locomotor region' in the rat. Brain Res. 295, 161-178 (1984).
    • (1984) Brain Res , vol.295 , pp. 161-178
    • Swanson, L.W.1    Mogenson, G.J.2    Gerfen, C.R.3    Robinson, P.4
  • 131
    • 0034672403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intrinsic function of a motor system — from ion channels to networks and behavior
    • Grillner, S. et al. The intrinsic function of a motor system — from ion channels to networks and behavior. Brain Res. 886, 224-236 (2000).
    • (2000) Brain Res , vol.886 , pp. 224-236
    • Grillner, S.1
  • 133
    • 0032700832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What invertebrate circuits have taught us about the brain
    • Selverston, A. What invertebrate circuits have taught us about the brain. Brain Res. Bull. 50, 439-440 (1999).
    • (1999) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.50 , pp. 439-440
    • Selverston, A.1
  • 134
    • 0032846864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of neuronal circuits underlying species-specific behavior
    • Katz, P S. & Harris-Warrick, R. M. The evolution of neuronal circuits underlying species-specific behavior. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 9, 628-633 (1999).
    • (1999) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.9 , pp. 628-633
    • Katz, P.S.1    Harris-Warrick, R.M.2
  • 135
    • 0034906526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model of a segmental oscillator in the leech heartbeat neuronal network
    • Hill, A. A., Lu, J., Masino, M. A., Olsen, O. H. & Calabrese, R. L. A model of a segmental oscillator in the leech heartbeat neuronal network. J. Comput. Neurosci. 10, 281-302 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Comput. Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 281-302
    • Hill, A.A.1    Lu, J.2    Masino, M.A.3    Olsen, O.H.4    Calabrese, R.L.5
  • 136
    • 0034668732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of neuronal circuits and behaviors in the medicinal leech
    • Kristan, W. B. Jr, Eisenhart, F. J., Johnson, L. A. & French, K. A. Development of neuronal circuits and behaviors in the medicinal leech. Brain Res. Bull. 53, 561-570 (2000).
    • (2000) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.53 , pp. 561-570
    • Kristan, W.B.1    Eisenhart, F.J.2    Johnson, L.A.3    French, K.A.4
  • 137
    • 0032516148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of spatial orientation in a mollusc
    • Deliagina, T. G., Arshavsky, Y. I. & Orlovsky, G. N. Control of spatial orientation in a mollusc. Nature 393, 172-175 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature , vol.393 , pp. 172-175
    • Deliagina, T.G.1    Arshavsky, Y.I.2    Orlovsky, G.N.3
  • 138
    • 0018865214 scopus 로고
    • The locomotion of the low spinal cat. I. Coordination within a hindlimb
    • Forssberg, H., Grillner, S. & Halbertsma, J. The locomotion of the low spinal cat. I. Coordination within a hindlimb. Acta Physiol. Scand. 108, 269-281 (1980).
    • (1980) Acta Physiol. Scand. , vol.108 , pp. 269-281
    • Forssberg, H.1    Grillner, S.2    Halbertsma, J.3
  • 139
    • 17844401985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retraining the injured spinal cord
    • Edgerton, V. R. et al. Retraining the injured spinal cord. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 533, 15-22 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Physiol. (Lond.) , vol.533 , pp. 15-22
    • Edgerton, V.R.1
  • 140
    • 0036902786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paralysis recovery in humans and model systems
    • Edgerton, V. R. & Roy, R. R. Paralysis recovery in humans and model systems. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12, 658-667 (2002).
    • (2002) Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. , vol.12 , pp. 658-667
    • Edgerton, V.R.1    Roy, R.R.2
  • 141
    • 0015922677 scopus 로고
    • The locomotion of the acute spinal cat injected with clonidine i.v
    • Forssberg, H. & Grillner, S. The locomotion of the acute spinal cat injected with clonidine i.v. Brain Res. 50, 184-186 (1973).
    • (1973) Brain Res , vol.50 , pp. 184-186
    • Forssberg, H.1    Grillner, S.2
  • 142
    • 18744398710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cat model of spinal injury
    • Rossignol, S. et al. The cat model of spinal injury. Prog. Brain Res. 137, 151-168 (2002).
    • (2002) Prog. Brain Res. , vol.137 , pp. 151-168
    • Rossignol, S.1
  • 143
    • 0037092438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use-dependent modulation of inhibitory capacity in the feline lumbar spinal cord
    • Tillakaratne, N. J. et al. Use-dependent modulation of inhibitory capacity in the feline lumbar spinal cord. J. Neurosci. 22, 3130-3143 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 3130-3143
    • Tillakaratne, N.J.1
  • 144
    • 0036458371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotor recovery in chronic spinal rat: Long-term pharmacological treatment or transplantation of embryonic neurons?
    • Orsal, D. et al. Locomotor recovery in chronic spinal rat: long-term pharmacological treatment or transplantation of embryonic neurons? Prog. Brain Res. 137, 213-230 (2002).
    • (2002) Prog. Brain Res. , vol.137 , pp. 213-230
    • Orsal, D.1
  • 145
    • 0036454402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the adaptability and recovery of locomotion after spinal cord injury
    • Barbeau, H., Fung, J., Leroux, A. & Ladouceur, M. A review of the adaptability and recovery of locomotion after spinal cord injury. Prog. Brain Res. 137, 9-25 (2002).
    • (2002) Prog. Brain Res. , vol.137 , pp. 9-25
    • Barbeau, H.1    Fung, J.2    Leroux, A.3    Ladouceur, M.4
  • 146
  • 147
    • 0033937128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotor training after human spinal cord injury: A series of case studies
    • Behrman, A. L. & Harkema, S. J. Locomotor training after human spinal cord injury: a series of case studies. Phys. Ther. 80, 688-700 (2000).
    • (2000) Phys. Ther. , vol.80 , pp. 688-700
    • Behrman, A.L.1    Harkema, S.J.2
  • 148
    • 0036752509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do human bipeds use quadrupedal coordination?
    • Dietz, V. Do human bipeds use quadrupedal coordination? Trends Neurosci. 25, 462-467 (2002).
    • (2002) Trends Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 462-467
    • Dietz, V.1
  • 149
    • 0036782177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proprioception and locomotor disorders
    • Dietz, V. Proprioception and locomotor disorders. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 3, 781-790 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature Rev. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 781-790
    • Dietz, V.1
  • 150
    • 0036894183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotor activity in spinal man: Significance of afferent input from joint and load receptors
    • Dietz, V, Muller, R. & Colombo, G. Locomotor activity in spinal man: significance of afferent input from joint and load receptors. Brain 125, 2626-2634 (2002).
    • (2002) Brain , vol.125 , pp. 2626-2634
    • Dietz, V.1    Muller, R.2    Colombo, G.3
  • 151
    • 0031922523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locomotor capacity and recovery of spinal cord Junction in paraplegic patients: A clinical and electrophysiological evaluation
    • Dietz, V., Wirz, M., Colombo, G. & Curt, A. Locomotor capacity and recovery of spinal cord Junction in paraplegic patients: a clinical and electrophysiological evaluation. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 109, 140-153 (1998).
    • (1998) Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. , vol.109 , pp. 140-153
    • Dietz, V.1    Wirz, M.2    Colombo, G.3    Curt, A.4
  • 152
    • 0036894210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human gait as a step in evolution
    • Duysens, J. Human gait as a step in evolution. Brain 125, 2589-2590 (2002).
    • (2002) Brain , vol.125 , pp. 2589-2590
    • Duysens, J.1
  • 153
    • 0034803501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural plasticity after human spinal cord injury: Application of locomotor training to the rehabilitation of walking
    • Harkema, S. J. Neural plasticity after human spinal cord injury: application of locomotor training to the rehabilitation of walking. Neuroscientist 7, 455-468 (2001).
    • (2001) Neuroscientist , vol.7 , pp. 455-468
    • Harkema, S.J.1
  • 154
    • 0028943159 scopus 로고
    • Laufband therapy based on 'rules of spinal locomotion' is effective in spinal cord injured persons
    • Wernig, A., Muller, S., Nanassy, A. & Cagol, E. Laufband therapy based on 'rules of spinal locomotion' is effective in spinal cord injured persons. Eur. J. Neurosci. 7, 823-829 (1995).
    • (1995) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.7 , pp. 823-829
    • Wernig, A.1    Muller, S.2    Nanassy, A.3    Cagol, E.4
  • 155
    • 0031792661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maintenance of locomotor abilities following Laufband (Treadmill) therapy in para - and tetraplegic persons: Follow-up studies
    • Wernig, A., Nanassy, A. & Muller, S. Maintenance of locomotor abilities following Laufband (treadmill) therapy in para - and tetraplegic persons: follow-up studies. Spinal Cord 36, 744-749 (1998).
    • (1998) Spinal Cord , vol.36 , pp. 744-749
    • Wernig, A.1    Nanassy, A.2    Muller, S.3
  • 156
    • 0029012571 scopus 로고
    • Neural networks that coordinate locomotion and body orientation
    • Grillner, S. et al. Neural networks that coordinate locomotion and body orientation. Trends Neurosci. 18, 270-279 (1995).
    • (1995) Trends Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 270-279
    • Grillner, S.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.