Neural plasticity after human spinal cord injury: Application of locomotor training to the rehabilitation of walking

Neuroscientist

Volumn 7, Issue 5, 2001, Pages 455-468

  Harkema, S J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Human spinal cord injury; Locomotor training; Neural plasticity; Rehabilitation

Indexed keywords

BODY WEIGHT; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; HUMAN; LIMB MOVEMENT; LOCOMOTION; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REHABILITATION MEDICINE; REVIEW; SENSORY SYSTEM; SPINAL CORD INJURY; TRAINING; TREADMILL; WALKING;

EID: 0034803501     PISSN: 10738584     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/107385840100700514     Document Type: Review

References (59)

1. Peripheral control of the cat's step cycle: II. Entrainment of the central pattern generators for locomotion by sinusoidal hip movements during "fictive locomotion."
2. A novel interactive locomotor approach using body weight support to retrain gait in spastic paretic subjects
3. Noradrenergic agonists and locomotor training affect locomotor recovery after cord transection in adult cats
4. Recovery of locomotion after chronic spinalization in the adult cat
5. Description and application of a system for locomotor rehabilitation
6. Locomotor training after human spinal cord injury: A series of case studies
7. Clonus after human spinal cord injury cannot be attributed solely to recurrent muscle-tendon stretch
8. Myoclonus in a patient with spinal cord transection
9. Late flexion reflex in paraplegic patients. Evidence for spinal stepping generator
10. Involuntary stepping after chronic spinal cord injury
11. Amplitude modulation of the soleus H-reflex in the human during standing and walking
12. Gait disturbances in paraspastic patients
13. Proprioceptive input resets central locomotor rhythm in the spinal cat
14. Excitability of the soleus H-reflex arc during walking and stepping in man
15. Full weight-bearing hindlimb standing following stand training in the adult spinal cat
16. Locomotor capacity attributable to step training versus spontaneous recovery after spinalization in adult cats
17. Retention of hindlimb stepping abililty in adult spinal cats after the cessation of step training
18. Locomotor activity in spinal man
19. Locomotor capacity of spinal cord in paraplegic patients
20. Locomotor pattern in paraplegic patients: Training effects and recovery of spinal cord function
21. Level of spinal cord lesion determines locomotor activity in spinal man
22. Locomotor capacity and recovery of spinal cord function in paraplegic patients: A clinical and electrophysiological evaluation
23. Evidence for a spinal central pattern generator in humans
24. The international standards booklet for neurological and functional classification of spinal cord injury
25. Modulation of locomotor-like EMG activity in subjects with complete and incomplete spinal cord injury
26. Inhibition of flexor burst generation by loading ankle extensor muscle in walking cats
27. Gating and reversal of reflexes in ankle muscles during human walking
28. Central generation of locomotion in vertebrates
29. Locomotor control in macaque monkeys
30. Locomotor training in paraplegic patients: A new approach to assess changes in leg muscle EMG patterns [published erratum appears in Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1998 Aug;109(4):385]
31. Pharmacologically evoked fictive motor patterns in the acutely spinalized marmoset minkey (Callithrix jacchus)
32. A dynamic EMG profile index to quantify muscular activation disorder in spastic paretic gait
33. The combined effects of clonidine and cyproheptadine with interactive training on the modulation of locomotion in spinal cord injured subjects
34. The importance of using an appropriate body weight support system in locomotor training
35. The organization of the spinal rhythm generation in locomotion
36. Control of locomotion in bipeds, tetrapods, and fish
37. Neurobiological bases of rhythmic motor acts in vertebrates
38. On the initiation of the swing phase of locomotion in chronic spinal cats
39. How detailed is the central pattern generation for locomotion?
40. On the central generation of locomotion in the low spinal cat
41. Pattern generators in locomotion: Implications for recovery of walking after spinal cord injury
42. Human lumbosacral spinal cord interprets loading during stepping
43. The effect of DOPA on the spinal cord: 5. Reciprocal organization of pathways transmitting excitatory action to alpha motoneurones of flexors and extensors
44. The effect of DOPA on the spinal cord: 6. Half-centre organization of interneurones transmitting effects from the flexor reflex afferents
45. Effects of training on the recovery of full-weight-bearing stepping in the adult spinal cat
46. Differential recruitment of spinal motor pools during voluntary attempts at lower limb movements versus load bearing stepping following human spinal cord injury
47. International standards for neurological and functional classification of spinal cord injury
48. A treadmill apparatus and harness support for evaluation and rehabilitation of gait
49. The response of neural locomotor circuits to changes in gait velocity
50. Long-latency spinal reflex in man after flexor reflex afferent stimulation
51. Modulation of locomotor patterns and spasticity with clonidine in spinal cord injured patients
52. Recovery of locomotion in monkeys with spinal cord lesions
53. The effects of parallel bars, body weight support and speed on the modulation of the locomotor pattern of spastic paretic gait. A preliminary communication
54. Laufband locomotion with body weight support improved walking in persons with severe spinal cord injuries
55. Laufband therapy based on "rules of spinal locomotion" is effective in spinal cord injured persons
56. Laufband (treadmill) therapy in incomplete paraplegia and tetraplegia
57. Maintenance of locomotor abilities following Laufband (treadmill) therapy in para- and tetraplegic persons: Follow-up studies
58. H-reflex modulation during walking in spastic paretic subjects