Mediterranean diet and all-causes mortality after myocardial infarction: Results from the GISSI-Prevenzione trial

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 57, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 604-611

  Barzi, F ^a,b   Woodward, M ^b   Marfisi, R M ^a   Tavazzi, L ^c   Valagussa, F ^d   Marchioli, R ^a  

^a Dept of Clin Pharmacol/Epidemiol ^*  (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^c FONDAZIONE IRCCS POLICLINICO SAN MATTEO   (Italy)

^d SAN GERARDO HOSPITAL   (Italy)

Author keywords

Antioxidants; Mediterranean diet; Mortality; Repeated measurements

Indexed keywords

OLIVE OIL;

ADULT; AGE; ARTICLE; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DATA ANALYSIS; DIETARY INTAKE; FEMALE; FISH; FOOD INTAKE; FRUIT; GENDER; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; ITALY; LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; PATIENT COUNSELING; PROTECTION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SCORING SYSTEM; SMOKING; SOUTHERN EUROPE; VEGETABLE;

ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; AGED; ANIMALS; ASPIRIN; CAUSE OF DEATH; DIET, MEDITERRANEAN; FEMALE; FISHES; FRUIT; HUMANS; ITALY; MALE; MEAT; MIDDLE AGED; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ODDS RATIO; PLANT OILS; RISK FACTORS; VEGETABLES;

EID: 0038558117     PISSN: 09543007     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601575     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Allison PD (1995): Survival analysis using the SAS System, a practical guide. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
2. Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group (1994): The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. New Engl. J. Med. 330, 1029-1035.
3. Artaud-Wild SM, Connor SL, Sexton G & Connor WE (1993): Differences in coronary mortality can be explained by differences in cholesterol and saturated fat intakes in 40 countries but not in France and Finland: a paradox. Circulation 88, 771-779.
4. Brown BG, Zhao X-Q, Chait A et al (2001): Simvastatin and niacin, antioxidant vitamins, or the combination for the prevention of coronary disease. New Engl. J. Med. 345, 1583-1592.
5. Burr ML, Fehily AM, Gilbert JF et al (1989). Effect of changes in fat, fish, and fiber intakes on death and myocardial reinfarction: Diet and Reinfarction Trial (DART). Lancet 2, 757-831.
6. Collaborative Group of the Primary Prevention Project (2001): Low-dose aspirin and vitamin E in people at cardiovascular risk: a randomized trial in general practice. Lancet 357, 89-95.
7. Cupples LA, D'Agostino RB, Anderson K & Kannel WB (1988): Comparison of baseline and repeated measure covariate techniques in the Framingham Heart Study. Stats. Med. 7, 205-218.
8. Dagenais GR, Marchioli R, Yusuf S & Tognoni G (2000): Beta-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E and cardiovascular diseases. Curr. Cardiol. Rep. 2, 293-299.
9. de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Martin J-L, Monjaud I, Delaye J & Mamelle N (1999): Mediterranean diet, traditional risk factors, and the rate of cardiovascular complications after myocardial infarction: final report of the Lyon Diet Heart Study. Circulation 99(6), 779-785.
10. Fernandez-Jarne E, Martinez-Losa E, Prado-Santamaria M, Brugarolas-Brufau C, Serrano-Martinez M & Martinez-Gonzales MA (2002 : Risk of first non-fatal myocardial infarction negatively associated with olive oil consumption: a case-control study in Spain. Int. J. Epidemiol. 31, 474-480.
11. GISSI-Prevenzione Investigators (1999): Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial. Lancet 354, 447-455.
12. Hennekens CH, Buring JE, Manson JE et al (1996): Lack of effect of long-term supplementation with beta-carotene on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular disease. New Engl. J. Med. 334, 1145-1149.
13. Hooper L, Summerbell CD, Higgins JPT, Thompson RL, Capps NE, Smith GD, Riemersma RA & Ebrahim S (2001): Dietary fat intake and prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review. Br. Med. J. 31, 757-763.
14. HOPE (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation) Study Investigators (2000): Vitamin E supplementation and cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. N. Engl. J. Med. 342, 154-160.
15. Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Rimm E, Colditz GA, Rosner BA, Hennekens CH & Willett WC (1997): Dietary fat intake and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. New Engl. J. Med. 337, 1491-1499.
16. Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Rimm E, Ascherio A, Rosner BA, Spielgeman D & Willet WC (1999): Dietary fat and coronary heart disease: a comparison of approaches for adjusting for total energy intake and modelling repeated dietary measurements. Am. Journal Epidemiol. 149, 531-540.
17. Joshipura KJ, Hu FB, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Rimm EB, Speizer FE, Colditz G, Ascherio A, Rosner B, Spielgman D & Willet WC (2001): The effect of fruit and vegetables intake on risk for coronary heart disease. Ann. Intern. Med. 134, 1106-1114.
18. Keys A (1970): Coronary heart disease in seven countries. Circulation 41(Suppl 1), I-1-I-211.
19. Khaw KT & Barrett-Connor E (1987a): Dietary fibre and reduced ischaemic heart disease mortality rates in men and women: a 12 year prospective study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 126, 1093-1102.
20. Khaw KT & Barrett-Connor E (1987b): Dietary potassium and stroke-associated mortality: a 12-year prospective population study. New Engl. J. Med. 316, 235-240.
21. Knekt P, Reunanen A, Jarvinen R, Seppanen R, Hellovaara M & Arommaa A (1994): Antioxidant vitamin intake and coronary mortality in a longitudinal study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 139, 180-189.
22. Knekt P, Jarviven R, Reunanen A & Maatela J (1996): Flavonoid intake and coronary mortality in Finland: a cohort study. Br. Med. J. 312, 478-481.
23. Krauss RM, Eckel RH, Howard B et al. (2000): AHA Dietary Guidelines Revision 2000. A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association. Circulation 102, 2296-2311.
24. Marchioli R (1999): Antioxidant vitamins and prevention of cardiovascular disease: Laboratory, epidemiological and clinical trial data. Pharmac. Res. 40, 227-238.
25. Marchioli R (2001): Vitamin E and cardiovascular disease. Thromb. Haemost. 85, 758-760.
26. Marchioli R, Avanzini F, Barzi F, Chieffo C, Di Castelnuovo A, Franzosi MG, Geraci E, Maggioni AP, Marfisi RM, Mininni N, Nicolosi GL, Santini M, Schweiger C, Gavazzi L, Tognoni G, Valagussa F, on behalf of GISSI-Prevenzione Investigators (2001): An Italian Coronary Risk Chart for patients with recent myocardial infarction: Results of the GISSI-Prevenzione Study. Eur. Heart J. 22, 2085-2103.
27. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group (1999): MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol-lowering therapy and of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in a wide range of patients at increased risk of coronary heart disease death: early safety and efficacy experience. Eur. Heart J. 20, 725-741.
28. Ness AR & Powles JW (1997): Fruit and vegetables, and cardiovascular disease: a review. Int. J. Epidemiol. 26, 1-13.
29. Omenn GS (1995): What accounts for the association of vegetables and fruit with lower incidence of cancers and coronary heart disease? Ann Epidemiol. 5, 333-335.
30. Omenn GS, Goodman GE, Thornquist MD et al (1996): Effects of beta-carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease. New Engl. J. Med. 334, 1150-1155.
31. Pietinen P, Ascherio A, Korhonen P, Hartman AM, Willett WC, Albanes D & Virtamo J (1997): Intake of fatty acids and risk of coronary heart disease in a cohort of Finnish men: the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Preventive Study. Am. J. Epidemiol. 145, 1876-1887.
32. Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Ascherio A, Giovannucci E, Colditz GA & Willett WC (1993): Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease in men. New Engl. J. Med. 328, 1450-1456.
33. Rimm EB, Ascherio A, Giovannucci E, Spiegelman D, Stampfer MJ & Willett WC (1996): Vegetable, fruit and cereal fiber intake and risk of coronary heart disease among men. JAMA 275, 447-451.
34. Sans S, Kesteloot H, Kromhout D on behalf of the Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology on Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity Statistics in Europe (1997): The burden of cardiovascular diseases mortality in Europe. Eur. Heart. J. 18, 1231-1248.
35. Serra-Majem L, Ribas L, Lloveras G & Salleras L (1993): Changing patterns of fat consumption in Spain. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 47(Suppl, 1), S13-S20.
36. Stampfer MJ, Hennekens CH, Manson JE, Colditz GA, Rosner B & Willett WC (1993): Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary disease in women. New Engl. J. Med. 328, 1444-1449.
37. Stampfer MJ, Hu FB, Manson JE, Rimm EB & Willet WC (2000): Primary prevention of coronary heart disease in women through diet and lifestyle. New Engl. J. Med. 343, 16-22.
38. Todd S, Woodward M, Tunstall-Pedoe H & Bolton-Smith C (1999): Dietary antioxidant vitamins and fiber in the etiology of cardiovascular disease and all-causes mortality: results from the Scottish Health Study. Am. J. Epidemiol 150, 1073-1080.
39. Woodward M (1999): Epidemiology: Study Design and Data Analysis. Boca Raton, FL: Chapman and Hall/CRC.