Contributions from brain imaging to the elucidation of pathophysiology of bipolar disorder

International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

Volumn 6, Issue 2, 2003, Pages 171-180

  Soares, Jair C ^a,b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SAN ANTONIO   (United States)

^b SOUTH TEXAS VETERANS HEALTH CARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^c Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio   (United States)

Author keywords

Affective disorders; Bipolar disorder; Brain imaging; Mood disorders; Neuroimaging

Indexed keywords

BIPOLAR DISORDER; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; HUMAN; IMAGING SYSTEM; IN VIVO STUDY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY;

BIPOLAR DISORDER; BRAIN; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; RECEPTORS, DRUG; TOMOGRAPHY, EMISSION-COMPUTED, SINGLE-PHOTON;

EID: 0038383691     PISSN: 14611457     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1461145703003390     Document Type: Review

References (80)

1. Altshuler LL, Bartzokis G, Grieder T, Curran J, Mintz J (1998). Amygdala enlargement in bipolar disorder and hippocampal reduction in schizophrenia: an MRI study demonstrating neuroanatomic specificity. Archives of General Psychiatry 55, 663-664.
2. Anand A, Verhoeff P, Seneca N, Zoghbi SS, Seibyl JP, Charney DS, Innis RB (2000). Brain SPECT imaging of amphetamine-induced dopamine release in euthymic bipolar disorder patients. American Journal of Psychiatry 157, 1108-1114.
3. 18F]-setoperone during depressive illness and anti-depressant treatment with clomipramine. Biological Psychiatry 45, 180-186.
4. Bearden CE, Hoffman KM, Cannon TD (2001). The neuropsychology and neuroanatomy of bipolar affective disorder: a critical review. Bipolar Disorders 3, 106-150; discussion 151-153.
5. Biver F, Wikler D, Lotstra F, Damhaut P, Goldman S, Mendlewicz J (1997). Serotonin 5-HT2 receptor imaging in major depression: focal changes in orbito-insular cortex. British Journal of Psychiatry 171, 444-448.
6. Blumberg HP, Stern E, Ricketts S, Martinez D, de Asis J, White T, Epstein J, Isenberg N, McBride PA, Kemperman I, Emmerich S, Dhawan V, Eidelberg D, Kocsis JH, Silbersweig DA (1999). Rostral and orbital prefrontal cortex dysfunction in the manic state of bipolar disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 156, 1986-1988.
7. Brambilla P, Harenski K, Nicoletti M, Mallinger AG, Frank E, Kupfer DJ, Keshavan MS, Soares JC (2001a). MRI study of posterior fossa structures and brain ventricles in bipolar patients. Journal of Psychiatric Research 35, 313-322.
8. Brambilla P, Harenski K, Nicoletti M, Sassi RB, Mallinger AG, Frank E, Kupfer DJ, Keshavan MS, Soares JC (2001b). Are amygdala volumes increased in bipolar disorder patients? [Abstract]. Bipolar Disorders 3, 28.
9. Brambilla P, Harenski K, Nicoletti MA, Mallinger AG, Frank E, Kupfer DJ, Keshavan MS, Soares JC (2001c). Anatomical MRI study of basal ganglia in bipolar disorder patients. Psychiatry Research 106, 65-80.
10. Brambilla P, Nicoletti MA, Harenski K, Sassi RB, Mallinger AG, Frank E, Kupfer DJ, Keshavan MS, Soares JC (2002). Anatomical MRI study of subgenual prefrontal cortex in bipolar and unipolar subjects. Neuropsychopharmacology 27, 792-799.
11. Brambilla P, Stanley JA, Harenski K, Nicoletti M, Mallinger AG, Frank E, Kupfer DJ, Keshavan MS, Soares JC (2001d). Glutamatertic abnormalities in the left dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex in unmedicated unipolar disorder patients: a preliminary study [Abstract]. Bipolar Disorders 3, 28.
12. Bremner JD, Vythilingam M, Vermetten E, Nazeer A, Adil J, Khan S, Staib LH, Charney DS (2002). Reduced volume of orbitofrontal cortex in major depression. Biological Psychiatry 51, 273-279.
13. Byne W, Buchsbaum MS, Kemether E, Hazlett EA, Shinwari A, Mitropoulou V, Siever LJ (2001). Magnetic resonance imaging of the thalamic mediodorsal nucleus and pulvinar in schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry 58, 133-140.
14. Caetano SC, Sassi R, Brambilla P, Harenski K, Nicoletti M, Mallinger AG, Frank E, Kupfer DJ, Keshavan MS, Soares JC (2001). MRI study of thalamic volumes in bipolar and unipolar patients and healthy individuals. Psychiatry Research 108, 161-168.
15. Castillo M, Kwock L, Courvoisie H, Hooper SR (2000). Proton MR spectroscopy in children with bipolar affective disorder: preliminary observations. American Journal of Neuroradiology 21, 832-838.
16. 1H-MRS in bipolar offspring with bipolar disorder. American College of Neuropsychopharmacology Annual Meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii.
17. Davanzo P, Thomas MA, Yue K, Oshiro T, Belin T, Strober M, McCracken J (2001). Decreased anterior cingulate myo-inositol/creatine spectroscopy resonance with lithium treatment in children with bipolar disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 24, 359-369.
18. Deicken RF, Fein G, Weiner MW (1995a). Abnormal frontal lobe phosphorous metabolism in bipolar disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 152, 915-918.
19. Deicken RF, Weiner MW, Fein G (1995b). Decreased temporal lobe phosphomonoesters in bipolar disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders 33, 195-199.
20. DelBello MP, Strakowski SM, Zimmerman ME, Hawkins JM, Sax KW (1999). MRI analysis of the cerebellum in bipolar disorder: a pilot study. Neuropsychopharmacology 21, 63-68.
21. Dolan RJ, Bench CJ, Brown RG, Scott LC, Frackowiak RS (1994). Neuropsychological dysfunction in depression: the relationship to regional cerebral blood flow. Psychological Medicine 24, 849-857.
22. Drevets WC (2000). Neuroimaging studies of mood disorders. Biological Psychiatry 48, 813-829.
23. Drevets WC (2001). Neuroimaging and neuropathological studies of depression: implications for the cognitive-emotional features of mood disorders. Current Opinion in Neurobiogy 11, 240-249.
24. Drevets WC, Frank E, Price JC, Kupfer DJ, Holt D, Greer PJ, Huang Y, Gautier C, Mathis C (1999). PET imaging of serotonin 1A receptor binding in depression. Biological Psychiatry 46, 1375-1387.
25. Drevets WC, Price JL, Simpson Jr. JR, Todd RD, Reich T, Vannier M, Raichle ME (1997). Subgenual prefrontal cortex abnormalities in mood disorders. Nature 386, 824-827.
26. Drevets WC, Videen TO, Price JL, Preskorn SH, Carmichael ST, Raichle ME (1992). A functional anatomical study of unipolar depression. Journal of Neuroscience 12, 3628-3641.
27. George MS, Ketter TA, Parekh PI, Rosinsky N, Ring HA, Pazzaglia PJ, Marangell LB, Callahan AM, Post RM (1997). Blunted left cingulate activation in mood disorder subjects during a response interference task (the Stroop). Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 9, 55-63.
28. Gilbert AR, Rosenberg DR, Harenski K, Spencer S, Sweeney JA, Keshavan MS (2001). Thalamic volumes in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry 158, 618-624.
29. Hauser P, Altshuler LL, Berrettini W, Dauphinais ID, Gelernter J, Post RM (1989). Temporal lobe measurement in primary affective disorder by magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 1, 128-134.
30. Hirayasu Y, Shenton ME, Salisbury DF, Kwon JS, Wible CG, Fischer IA, Yurgelun-Todd D, Zarate C, Kikinis R, Jolesz FA, McCarley RW (1999). Subgenual cingulate cortex volume in first-episode psychosis. American Journal of Psychiatry 156, 1091-1093.
31. Husain MM, McDonald WM, Doraiswamy PM, Figiel GS, Na C, Escalona PR, Boyko OB, Nemeroff CB, Krishnan KR (1991). A magnetic resonance imaging study of putamen nuclei in major depression. Psychiatry Research 40, 95-99.
32. 31P-MRS in bipolar disorder: a confirmation in drug-free patients and correlation with white matter hyperintensity. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 248, 301-306.
33. Kato T, Shioiri T, Murashita J, Hamakawa H, Inubushi T, Takahashi S (1994). Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy and ventricular enlargement in bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Research 55, 41-50.
34. 7Li magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Journal of Affective Disorders 27, 53-59.
35. Konick LC, Friedman L (2001). Meta-analysis of thalamic size in schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 49, 28-38.
36. Krishnan KR, Doraiswamy PM, Figiel GS, Husain MM, Shah SA, Na C, Boyko OB, McDonald WM, Nemeroff CB, Ellinwood Jr. EH (1991). Hippocampal abnormalities in depression. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 3, 387-391.
37. 123I]-2 beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(4-iodophenyl), tropane and single photon emission computed tomography. Biological Psychiatry 44, 1090-1098.
38. Manji HK, Moore GJ, Chen G (2000). Clinical and preclinical evidence for the neurotrophic effects of mood stabilizers: implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of manic-depressive illness. Biological Psychiatry 48, 740-754.
39. Massou JM, Trichard C, Attar-Levy D, Feline A, Corruble E, Beaufils B, Martinot JL (1997). Frontal 5-HT2A receptors studied in depressive patients during chronic treatment by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Psychopharmacology (Berlin), 133, 99-101.
40. Mayberg HS (1997). Limbic-cortical dysregulation: a proposed model of depression. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 9, 471-481.
41. Mayberg HS, Lewis PJ, Regenold W, Wagner Jr. HN (1994). Paralimbic hypoperfusion in unipolar depression. Journal of Nuclear Medicine 35, 929-934.
42. 18F]setoperone PET imaging study. American Journal of Psychiatry 156, 1029-1034.
43. Moore CM, Breeze JL, Gruber SA, Babb SM, Frederick BB, Villafuerte RA, Stoll AL, Hennen J, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Cohen BM, Renshaw PF (2000a). Choline, myo-inositol and mood in bipolar disorder: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging study of the anterior cingulate cortex. Bipolar Disorders 2, 207-216.
44. Moore GJ, Bebchuk JM, Hasanat K, Chen G, Seraji-Bozorgzad N, Wilds IB, Faulk MW, Koch S, Glitz DA, Jolkovsky L, Manji HK (2000b). Lithium increases N-acetyl-aspartate in the human brain: in vivo evidence in support of bcl-2's neurotrophic effects? Biological Psychiatry 48, 1-8.
45. Moore GJ, Bebchuk JM, Parrish JK, Faulk MW, Arfken CL, Strahl-Bevacqua J, Manji HK (1999). Temporal dissociation between lithium-induced changes in frontal lobe myo-inositol and clinical response in manic-depressive illness. American Journal of Psychiatry 156, 1902-1908.
46. Ongur D, Drevets WC, Price JL (1998). Glial reduction in the subgenual prefrontal cortex in mood disorders. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 95, 13290-13295.
47. Parashos IA, Tupler LA, Blitchington T, Krishnan KR (1998). Magnetic-resonance morphometry in patients with major depression. Psychiatry Research 84, 7-15.
48. Parsey RV, Oquendo MA, Zea-Ponce Y, Rodenhiser J, Kegeles LS, Pratap M, Cooper TB, Van Heertum R, Mann JJ, Laruelle M (2001). Dopamine D (2) receptor availability and amphetamine-induced dopamine release in unipolar depression. Biological Psychiatry 50, 313-322.
49. Pearlson GD (1999). Structural and functional brain changes in bipolar disorder: a selective review. Schizophrenia Research 39, 133-140; discussion, 162.
50. Pearlson GD, Wong DF, Tune LE, Ross CA, Chase GA, Links JM, Dannals RF, Wilson AA, Ravert HT, Wagner Jr. HN (1995). In vivo D2 dopamine receptor density in psychotic and nonpsychotic patients with bipolar disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry 52, 471-477.
51. Rajkowska G, Halaris A, Selemon LD (2001). Reductions in neuronal and glial density characterize the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry 49, 741-752.
52. Renshaw PF, Lafer B, Babb SM, Fava M, Stoll AL, Christensen JD, Moore CM, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Bonello CM, Pillay SS, Rothschild AJ, Nierenberg AA, Rosenbaum JF, Cohen BM (1997). Basal ganglia choline levels in depression and response to fluoxetine treatment: an in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Biological Psychiatry 41, 837-843.
53. Salmeron BJ, Stein EA (2002). Pharmacological applications of magnetic resonance imaging. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 36, 102-129.
54. Sanacora G, Mason GF, Rothman DL, Behar KL, Hyder F, Petroff OA, Berman RM, Charney DS, Krystal JH (1999). Reduced cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in depressed patients determined by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Archives of General Psychiatry 56, 1043-1047.
55. Sanacora G, Mason GF, Rothman DL, Krystal JH (2002). Increased occipital cortex GABA concentrations in depressed patients after therapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. American Journal of Psychiatry 159, 663-665.
56. 11C]WAY-100635: effects of depression and antidepressant treatment. Archives of General Psychiatry 57, 174-180.
57. 1H MRS study of frontal cortex in bipolar adolescents: a preliminary study. American College of Neuropsychopharmacology Annual Meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii.
58. Sassi RB, Brambilla P, Nicoletti M, Mallinger AG, Frank E, Kupfer DJ, Keshavan MS, Soares JC (2002). Lithium influences the volume of the cingulate cortex in bipolar mood disorder patients. Society of Biological Psychiatry Annual Meeting (pp. 84S), Philadelphia, PA.
59. Sax KW, Strakowski SM, Zimmerman ME, DelBello MP, Keck Jr. PE, Hawkins JM (1999). Frontosubcortical neuroanatomy and the continuous performance test in mania. American Journal of Psychiatry 156, 139-141.
60. Shah PJ, Ebmeier KP, Glabus MF, Goodwin GM (1998). Cortical grey matter reductions associated with treatment-resistant chronic unipolar depression. Controlled magnetic resonance imaging study. British Journal of Psychiatry 172, 527-132.
61. Sheline YI (2000). 3D MRI studies of neuroanatomic changes in unipolar major depression: the role of stress and medical comorbidity. Biological Psychiatry 48, 791-800.
62. Sheline YI, Barch DM, Donnelly JM, Ollinger JM, Snyder AZ, Mintun MA (2001). Increased amygdala response to masked emotional faces in depressed subjects resolves with antidepressant treatment: an fMRI study. Biological Psychiatry 50, 651-658.
63. Sheline YI, Sanghavi M, Mintun MA, Gado MH (1999). Depression duration but not age predicts hippocampal volume loss in medically healthy women with recurrent major depression. Journal of Neuroscience 19, 5034-5043.
64. Sheline YI, Wang PW, Gado MH, Csernansky JG, Vannier MW (1996). Hippocampal atrophy in recurrent major depression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 93, 3908-3913.
65. Soares JC (2002). Can brain-imaging studies provide a 'mood stabilizer signature?' Molecular Psychiatry 7 (Suppl. 1), S64-S70.
66. Soares JC, Innis RB (1999). Neurochemical brain imaging investigations of schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 46, 600-615.
67. Soares JC, Innis RB (2000). Brain imaging findings in bipolar disorder. In: Soares JC, Gershon S (Eds.), Basic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications of Bipolar Disorder (pp. 227-252). New York: Marcel Dekker.
68. Soares JC, Krishnan KRR, Keshavan MS (1996). Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - new insights into the pathophysiology of mood disorders. Depression 4, 14-30.
69. Soares JC, Mallinger AG (1997). Intracellular phosphatidylinositol pathway abnormalities in bipolar disorder patients. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 33, 685-691.
70. Soares JC, Mallinger AG, Dippold CS, Forster Wells K, Frank E, Kupfer DJ (2000). Effects of lithium on platelet membrane phosphoinositides in bipolar disorder patients: a pilot study. Psychopharmacology (Berlin), 149, 12-16.
71. Soares JC, Mann JJ (1997a). The anatomy of mood disorders - review of structural neuroimaging studies. Biological Psychiatry 41, 86-106.
72. Soares JC, Mann JJ (1997b). The functional neuroanatomy of mood disorders. Journal of Psychiatric Research 31, 393-432.
73. Stein EA (2001). fMRI: a new tool for the in vivo localization of drug actions in the brain. Journal of Analytic Toxicology 25, 419-424.
74. Steingard RJ, Yurgelun-Todd DA, Hennen J, Moore JC, Moore CM, Vakili K, Young AD, Katic A, Beardslee WR, Renshaw PF (2000). Increased orbitofrontal cortex levels of choline in depressed adolescents as detected by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Biological Psychiatry 48, 1053-1061.
75. Strakowski SM, Adler CM, DelBello MP (2002). Volumetric MRI studies of mood disorders: do they distinguish unipolar and bipolar disorder? Bipolar Disorders 4, 80-88.
76. Strakowski SM, DelBello MP, Adler C, Cecil DM, Sax KW (2000). Neuroimaging in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disorders 2, 148-164.
77. Strakowski SM, DelBello MP, Sax KW, Zimmerman ME, Shear PK, Hawkins JM, Larson ER (1999). Brain magnetic resonance imaging of structural abnormalities in bipolar disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry 56, 254-260.
78. Swayze VW, Andreasen NC, Alliger RJ, Yuh WT, Ehrhardt JC (1992). Subcortical and temporal structures in affective disorder and schizophrenia: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Biological Psychiatry 31, 221-240.
79. Winsberg ME, Sachs N, Tate DL, Adalsteinsson E, Spielman D, Ketter TA (2000). Decreased dorsolateral prefrontal N-acetyl aspartate in bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry 47, 475-481.
80. Yatham LN, Liddle PF, Shiah IS, Scarrow G, Lam RW, Adam MJ, Zis AP, Ruth TJ (2000). Brain serotonin2 receptors in major depression: a positron emission tomography study. Archives of General Psychiatry 57, 850-858.