메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 120, Issue 6, 2003, Pages 919-929

Glucocorticoid resistance in childhood leukaemia: Mechanisms and modulation

Author keywords

Apoptosis; Drug resistance; Glucocorticoids; Leukaemia; Paediatric

Indexed keywords

(3 IODOBENZYL)GUANIDINE; 5 AZA 2' DEOXYCYTIDINE; 7 HYDROXYSTAUROSPORINE; BUTHIONINE SULFOXIMINE; CISPLATIN; CORTIVAZOL; DACTINOMYCIN; DEXAMETHASONE; DOXORUBICIN; ETACRYNIC ACID; ETOPOSIDE; FORSKOLIN; GLUCOCORTICOID; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; HYDROCORTISONE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; MINERALOCORTICOID; PACLITAXEL; PREDNISOLONE;

EID: 0037355622     PISSN: 00071048     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2003.04189.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (48)

References (122)
  • 1
    • 0035215395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteasome inhibition in cancer: Development of PS-341
    • Adams, J. (2001) Proteasome inhibition in cancer: development of PS-341. Seminars in Oncology, 28, 613-619.
    • (2001) Seminars in Oncology , vol.28 , pp. 613-619
    • Adams, J.1
  • 2
    • 0032575688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Bcl-2 protein family: Arbiters of cell survival
    • Adams, J.M. & Cory, S. (1998) The Bcl-2 protein family: arbiters of cell survival. Science, 281, 1322-1326.
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , pp. 1322-1326
    • Adams, J.M.1    Cory, S.2
  • 3
    • 0025070310 scopus 로고
    • Immunocytochemical localization of the glucocorticoid receptor in steroid-sensitive and -resistant human leukemic cells
    • Antakly, T., O'Donnell, D. & Thompson, E.B. (1990) Immunocytochemical localization of the glucocorticoid receptor in steroid-sensitive and -resistant human leukemic cells. Cancer Research, 50, 1337-1345.
    • (1990) Cancer Research , vol.50 , pp. 1337-1345
    • Antakly, T.1    O'Donnell, D.2    Thompson, E.B.3
  • 4
    • 0027232267 scopus 로고
    • Identification of the activation-labile gene: A single point mutation in the human glucocorticoid receptor presents as two distinct receptor phenotypes
    • Ashraf, J. & Thompson, E.B. (1993) Identification of the activation-labile gene: a single point mutation in the human glucocorticoid receptor presents as two distinct receptor phenotypes. Molecular Endocrinology, 7, 631-642.
    • (1993) Molecular Endocrinology , vol.7 , pp. 631-642
    • Ashraf, J.1    Thompson, E.B.2
  • 5
    • 0025830094 scopus 로고
    • Cortivazol mediated induction of glucocorticoid receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in wild-type and dexamethasone-resistant human leukemic (CEM) cells
    • Ashraf, J., Kunapuli, S., Chilton, D. & Thompson, E.B.,(1991) Cortivazol mediated induction of glucocorticoid receptor messenger ribonucleic acid in wild-type and dexamethasone-resistant human leukemic (CEM) cells. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 38, 561-568.
    • (1991) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , vol.38 , pp. 561-568
    • Ashraf, J.1    Kunapuli, S.2    Chilton, D.3    Thompson, E.B.4
  • 6
    • 0029056558 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticold receptor beta, a potential endogenous inhibitor of glucocorticoid action in humans
    • Bamberger, C.M., Bamberger, A.M., de Castro, M. & Chrousos, G.P. (1995) Glucocorticold receptor beta, a potential endogenous inhibitor of glucocorticoid action in humans. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 95, 2435-2441.
    • (1995) Journal of Clinical Investigation , vol.95 , pp. 2435-2441
    • Bamberger, C.M.1    Bamberger, A.M.2    De Castro, M.3    Chrousos, G.P.4
  • 10
    • 0036138556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of Bcl-xL expression sensitizes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells to chemotherapeutic drugs
    • Broome, H.E., Yu, A.L., Diccianni, M., Camitta, B.M., Monia, B.P. & Dean, N.M. (2002) Inhibition of Bcl-xL expression sensitizes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Leukemia Research, 26, 311-316.
    • (2002) Leukemia Research , vol.26 , pp. 311-316
    • Broome, H.E.1    Yu, A.L.2    Diccianni, M.3    Camitta, B.M.4    Monia, B.P.5    Dean, N.M.6
  • 11
    • 0034710649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and biochemical basis of apoptotic activation by Smac/DIABLO
    • Chai, J., Du, C., Wu, J.W., Kyin, S., Wang, X. & Shi, Y. (2000) Structural and biochemical basis of apoptotic activation by Smac/DIABLO. Nature, 406, 855-862.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.406 , pp. 855-862
    • Chai, J.1    Du, C.2    Wu, J.W.3    Kyin, S.4    Wang, X.5    Shi, Y.6
  • 12
    • 0032402111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proteasome inhibitors induce apoptosis in glucocorticoid-resistant chronic lymphocytic leukemic lymphocytes
    • Chandra, J., Niemer, I., Gilbreath, J., Kliche, K.O., Andreeff, M., Ereireich, E.J., Keating, M. & McConkey, D.J. (1998) Proteasome inhibitors induce apoptosis in glucocorticoid-resistant chronic lymphocytic leukemic lymphocytes. Blood, 92, 4220-4229.
    • (1998) Blood , vol.92 , pp. 4220-4229
    • Chandra, J.1    Niemer, I.2    Gilbreath, J.3    Kliche, K.O.4    Andreeff, M.5    Ereireich, E.J.6    Keating, M.7    McConkey, D.J.8
  • 14
    • 0023134642 scopus 로고
    • Nuclear translocation of lymphoblast glucocorticoid receptors in childhood leukemia does not predict steroid responsiveness
    • Costlow, M.E. & Pui, C.H. (1987) Nuclear translocation of lymphoblast glucocorticoid receptors in childhood leukemia does not predict steroid responsiveness. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry, 26, 15-18.
    • (1987) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry , vol.26 , pp. 15-18
    • Costlow, M.E.1    Pui, C.H.2
  • 15
    • 0020355663 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptors in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia
    • Costlow, M.E., Pui, C.H. & Dahl, G.V. (1982) Glucocorticoid receptors in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer Research, 42, 4801-4806.
    • (1982) Cancer Research , vol.42 , pp. 4801-4806
    • Costlow, M.E.1    Pui, C.H.2    Dahl, G.V.3
  • 18
    • 0035872433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression in hematological malignancies of a glucocorticoid receptor splice variant that augments glucocorticoid receptor-mediated effects in transfected cells
    • De Lange, P., Segeren, C.M., Koper, J.W., Wiemer, E., Sonneveld, P., Brinkmann, A.O., White, A., Brogan, I.J., de J'ong, F.H. & Lamberts, S.W. (2001) Expression in hematological malignancies of a glucocorticoid receptor splice variant that augments glucocorticoid receptor-mediated effects in transfected cells. Cancer Research. 61, 3937-3941.
    • (2001) Cancer Research , vol.61 , pp. 3937-3941
    • De Lange, P.1    Segeren, C.M.2    Koper, J.W.3    Wiemer, E.4    Sonneveld, P.5    Brinkmann, A.O.6    White, A.7    Brogan, I.J.8    De Jong, F.H.9    Lamberts, S.W.10
  • 19
    • 0036659905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antisense strategy shows that Mcl-1 rather than Bcl-2 or Bcl-x(L) is an essential survival protein of human myeloma cells
    • Derenne, S., Mania, B., Dean, N.M., Taylor, J.K., Rapp, M.J., Harousseau, J.L., Bataille, R. & Amiot, M. (2002) Antisense strategy shows that Mcl-1 rather than Bcl-2 or Bcl-x(L) is an essential survival protein of human myeloma cells. Blood, 100, 194-199.
    • (2002) Blood , vol.100 , pp. 194-199
    • Derenne, S.1    Mania, B.2    Dean, N.M.3    Taylor, J.K.4    Rapp, M.J.5    Harousseau, J.L.6    Bataille, R.7    Amiot, M.8
  • 20
    • 0033082995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IAP family proteins: Suppressors of apoptosis
    • Deveraux, Q.L. & Reed, J.C. (1999) IAP family proteins: suppressors of apoptosis. Genes and Development, 13, 239-252.
    • (1999) Genes and Development , vol.13 , pp. 239-252
    • Deveraux, Q.L.1    Reed, J.C.2
  • 21
    • 0026655296 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that glucocorticoid-and cyclic AMP-induced apoptotic pathways in lymphocytes share distal events
    • Dowd, D.R. & Miesfeld, R.L. (1992) Evidence that glucocorticoid-and cyclic AMP-induced apoptotic pathways in lymphocytes share distal events. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 12, 3600-3608.
    • (1992) Molecular and Cellular Biology , vol.12 , pp. 3600-3608
    • Dowd, D.R.1    Miesfeld, R.L.2
  • 23
    • 0033121314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of NE-kappaB in the rescue of multiple myeloma cells from glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis by bcl-2
    • Feinman, R., Koury, J., Thames, M., Barlogie, B., Epstein, J. & Siegel, D.S. (1999) Role of NE-kappaB in the rescue of multiple myeloma cells from glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis by bcl-2. Blood, 93, 3044-3052.
    • (1999) Blood , vol.93 , pp. 3044-3052
    • Feinman, R.1    Koury, J.2    Thames, M.3    Barlogie, B.4    Epstein, J.5    Siegel, D.S.6
  • 24
    • 0023522541 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of [3H]dexamethasone uptake into prolactin producing rat pituitary cells (CH3 cells) in culture
    • Furu, K., Kilvik, K., Gautvik, K.M. & Haug. E. (1987) The mechanism of [3H]dexamethasone uptake into prolactin producing rat pituitary cells (CH3 cells) in culture. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry, 28, 587-591.
    • (1987) Journal of Steroid Biochemistry , vol.28 , pp. 587-591
    • Furu, K.1    Kilvik, K.2    Gautvik, K.M.3    Haug, E.4
  • 25
    • 0028145136 scopus 로고
    • High expression of bcl-2 is the rule in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, except in Burkitt subtype at presentation, and is not correlated with the prognosis
    • Gala, J.L., Vermylen, C., Cornu, G., Ferrant, A., Michaux, J.L., Philippe, M. & Martiat, P. (1994) High expression of bcl-2 is the rule in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, except in Burkitt subtype at presentation, and is not correlated with the prognosis. Annals of Hematology, 69, 17-24.
    • (1994) Annals of Hematology , vol.69 , pp. 17-24
    • Gala, J.L.1    Vermylen, C.2    Cornu, G.3    Ferrant, A.4    Michaux, J.L.5    Philippe, M.6    Martiat, P.7
  • 26
    • 0020624865 scopus 로고
    • Role of de novo DNA methylation in the glucocorticoid resistance of a T-lymphoid cell line
    • Casson, J.C., Ryden, T. & Bourgeois, S. (1983) Role of de novo DNA methylation in the glucocorticoid resistance of a T-lymphoid cell line. Nature, 302, 621-623.
    • (1983) Nature , vol.302 , pp. 621-623
    • Casson, J.C.1    Ryden, T.2    Bourgeois, S.3
  • 28
    • 0027215514 scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity in the polyglutamine tract of the glucocorticoid receptor from different rat strains
    • Gearing, K.L., Gustafsson, J.A. & Okret, S. (1993) Heterogeneity in the polyglutamine tract of the glucocorticoid receptor from different rat strains. Nucleic Acids Research, 21, 2014.
    • (1993) Nucleic Acids Research , vol.21 , pp. 2014
    • Gearing, K.L.1    Gustafsson, J.A.2    Okret, S.3
  • 29
  • 30
    • 0016332670 scopus 로고
    • A new mechanism for steroid unresponsiveness: Loss of nuclear binding activity of a steroid hormone receptor
    • Gehring, U. & Tomkins, G.M. (1974) A new mechanism for steroid unresponsiveness: loss of nuclear binding activity of a steroid hormone receptor. Cell, 3, 301-306.
    • (1974) Cell , vol.3 , pp. 301-306
    • Gehring, U.1    Tomkins, G.M.2
  • 31
    • 0027634286 scopus 로고
    • Meta-iodobenzylguanidine in children
    • Gelfand, M.J. (1993) Meta-iodobenzylguanidine in children. Seminars in Nuclear Medicine. 23, 231-242.
    • (1993) Seminars in Nuclear Medicine , vol.23 , pp. 231-242
    • Gelfand, M.J.1
  • 32
    • 0034616946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptotic pathways: Paper wraps stone blunts scissors
    • Green, D.R. (2000) Apoptotic pathways: paper wraps stone blunts scissors. Cell, 102, 1-4.
    • (2000) Cell , vol.102 , pp. 1-4
    • Green, D.R.1
  • 35
    • 0027960446 scopus 로고
    • Expression of mu class glutathione S-transferase correlates with event-free survival in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    • Hall, A.G., Autzen, P., Cattan, A.R., Malcolm, A.J., Cole, M., Kernahan, J. & Reid, M.M. (1994) Expression of mu class glutathione S-transferase correlates with event-free survival in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Research, 54, 5251-5254.
    • (1994) Cancer Research , vol.54 , pp. 5251-5254
    • Hall, A.G.1    Autzen, P.2    Cattan, A.R.3    Malcolm, A.J.4    Cole, M.5    Kernahan, J.6    Reid, M.M.7
  • 37
    • 0030789420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • I kappaB alpha-independent downregulation of NF-kappaB activity by glucocorticoid receptor
    • Heck, S., Bender, K., Kullmann, M., Gottlicher, M., Herrlich, P. & Cato, A.C. (1997) I kappaB alpha-independent downregulation of NF-kappaB activity by glucocorticoid receptor. EMBO Journal, 16, 4698-4707.
    • (1997) EMBO Journal , vol.16 , pp. 4698-4707
    • Heck, S.1    Bender, K.2    Kullmann, M.3    Gottlicher, M.4    Herrlich, P.5    Cato, A.C.6
  • 38
    • 0026072791 scopus 로고
    • Six-year experience with a comprehensive approach to the treatment of recurrent childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL-REZ BFM 85). A relapse study of the BFM group
    • Henze, G., Fengler, R., Hartmann, R., Kornhuber, B., Janka-Schaub, G., Niethammer, D. & Riehm, H. (1991) Six-year experience with a comprehensive approach to the treatment of recurrent childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL-REZ BFM 85). A relapse study of the BFM group. Blood, 78, 1166-1172.
    • (1991) Blood , vol.78 , pp. 1166-1172
    • Henze, G.1    Fengler, R.2    Hartmann, R.3    Kornhuber, B.4    Janka-Schaub, G.5    Niethammer, D.6    Riehm, H.7
  • 40
    • 0018875608 scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity of the in vitro responses to glucocorticoids in acute leukemia
    • Homo, F., Dural, D., Harousseau, J.L., Marie, J.P. & Zittoun, R. (1980) Heterogeneity of the in vitro responses to glucocorticoids in acute leukemia. Cancer Research, 40, 2601-2608.
    • (1980) Cancer Research , vol.40 , pp. 2601-2608
    • Homo, F.1    Dural, D.2    Harousseau, J.L.3    Marie, J.P.4    Zittoun, R.5
  • 41
    • 0030984290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro drug sensitivity testing can predict induction failure and early relapse of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    • Hongo, T., Yajima, S., Sakurai, M., Horikoshi, Y. & Hanada, R. (1997) In vitro drug sensitivity testing can predict induction failure and early relapse of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood, 89, 2959-2965.
    • (1997) Blood , vol.89 , pp. 2959-2965
    • Hongo, T.1    Yajima, S.2    Sakurai, M.3    Horikoshi, Y.4    Hanada, R.5
  • 42
    • 0018125237 scopus 로고
    • Discrepancies between in vivo and in vitro effects of glucorticoids in myelomonocytic leukemic cells with steroid receptors
    • Iacobelli, S., Ranelletti, F.O., Longo, P., Riccardi, R. & Mastrangelo, R. (1978) Discrepancies between in vivo and in vitro effects of glucorticoids in myelomonocytic leukemic cells with steroid receptors. Cancer Research, 38, 4257-4262.
    • (1978) Cancer Research , vol.38 , pp. 4257-4262
    • Iacobelli, S.1    Ranelletti, F.O.2    Longo, P.3    Riccardi, R.4    Mastrangelo, R.5
  • 43
    • 0023132447 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptors predict response to combination chemotherapy in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    • Iacobelli, S., Marchetti, P., De Rossi, G., Mandelli, F. & Gentiloni, N. (1987) Glucocorticoid receptors predict response to combination chemotherapy in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Oncology, 44, 13-16.
    • (1987) Oncology , vol.44 , pp. 13-16
    • Iacobelli, S.1    Marchetti, P.2    De Rossi, G.3    Mandelli, F.4    Gentiloni, N.5
  • 44
    • 0021741116 scopus 로고
    • Stability of receptor complexes in the rat liver bound to glucocorticoids of different biopotencies
    • Ichii, S., Satoh, Y., Izawa, M. & Iwasaki, K. (1984) Stability of receptor complexes in the rat liver bound to glucocorticoids of different biopotencies. Endocrinology Japan, 31, 583-594.
    • (1984) Endocrinology Japan , vol.31 , pp. 583-594
    • Ichii, S.1    Satoh, Y.2    Izawa, M.3    Iwasaki, K.4
  • 51
    • 0027489758 scopus 로고
    • High glucocorticoid receptor content o f leukemic blasts is a favorable prognostic factor in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    • Kato, G.J., Ouddus, F.F., Shuster, J.J., Boyett, J., Pullen, J.D., Borowitz, M.J., Whitehead, V.M., Crist, W.M. & Leventhal, B.G. (1993 ) High glucocorticoid receptor content o f leukemic blasts is a favorable prognostic factor in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood. 82, 2304-2309.
    • (1993) Blood , vol.82 , pp. 2304-2309
    • Kato, G.J.1    Ouddus, F.F.2    Shuster, J.J.3    Boyett, J.4    Pullen, J.D.5    Borowitz, M.J.6    Whitehead, V.M.7    Crist, W.M.8    Leventhal, B.G.9
  • 52
    • 0035863889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raised blast glutathione levels are associated with an increased risk of relapse in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia
    • Kearns, P.R., Pieters, R., Rottier, M.M., Pearson, A.D. & Hall, A.G. (2001) Raised blast glutathione levels are associated with an increased risk of relapse in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia. Blood, 97, 393-398.
    • (2001) Blood , vol.97 , pp. 393-398
    • Kearns, P.R.1    Pieters, R.2    Rottier, M.M.3    Pearson, A.D.4    Hall, A.G.5
  • 53
    • 0028910558 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of bcl-2 with antisense oligonucleotides induces apoptosis and increases the sensitivity of AML blasts to Ara-C
    • Keith, F.J., Bradbury, D.A., Zhu, Y.M. & Russell, N.H. (1995) Inhibition of bcl-2 with antisense oligonucleotides induces apoptosis and increases the sensitivity of AML blasts to Ara-C. Leukemia, 9, 131-138.
    • (1995) Leukemia , vol.9 , pp. 131-138
    • Keith, F.J.1    Bradbury, D.A.2    Zhu, Y.M.3    Russell, N.H.4
  • 54
    • 0028060247 scopus 로고
    • Reversal of chemoresistance of lymphoma cells by antisense-mediated reduction of bcl-2 gene expression
    • Kitada, S., Takayama, S., De Riel, K., Tanaka, S. & Reed, J.C. (1994) Reversal of chemoresistance of lymphoma cells by antisense-mediated reduction of bcl-2 gene expression. Antisense Research and Development, 4, 71-79.
    • (1994) Antisense Research and Development , vol.4 , pp. 71-79
    • Kitada, S.1    Takayama, S.2    De Riel, K.3    Tanaka, S.4    Reed, J.C.5
  • 56
    • 0013968038 scopus 로고
    • The danger of corticosteroids in acute granulocytic leukemia
    • Knospe, W.H. & Conrad, M.E. (1966) The danger of corticosteroids in acute granulocytic leukemia. Medical Clinics of North America. 50, 1653-1668.
    • (1966) Medical Clinics of North America , vol.50 , pp. 1653-1668
    • Knospe, W.H.1    Conrad, M.E.2
  • 57
    • 0033868781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The molecular basis of glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis of lymphoblastic leukemia cells
    • Kofler, R. (2000) The molecular basis of glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis of lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 114, 1-7.
    • (2000) Histochemistry and Cell Biology , vol.114 , pp. 1-7
    • Kofler, R.1
  • 58
    • 0032693143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis regulating proteins as targets of therapy for haematological malignancies
    • Kornblau, S.M., Konopleva, M. & Andreeff, M. (1999) Apoptosis regulating proteins as targets of therapy for haematological malignancies. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 8, 2027-2057.
    • (1999) Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs , vol.8 , pp. 2027-2057
    • Kornblau, S.M.1    Konopleva, M.2    Andreeff, M.3
  • 59
    • 0032410818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) and their emerging role in cancer
    • LaCasse, E.C., Baird, S., Korneluk, R.G. & MacKenzie, A.E. (1998) The inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) and their emerging role in cancer. Oncogene, 17, 3247-3259.
    • (1998) Oncogene , vol.17 , pp. 3247-3259
    • LaCasse, E.C.1    Baird, S.2    Korneluk, R.G.3    MacKenzie, A.E.4
  • 61
    • 0034934161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemosensitization of bladder carcinoma cells by bcl-xL antisense oligonucleotides
    • Lebedeva, I., Raffo, A., Rando, R., Ojwang, J., Cossum, P. & Stein, C.A. (2001) Chemosensitization of bladder carcinoma cells by bcl-xL antisense oligonucleotides. Journal of Urology, 166, 461-469.
    • (2001) Journal of Urology , vol.166 , pp. 461-469
    • Lebedeva, I.1    Raffo, A.2    Rando, R.3    Ojwang, J.4    Cossum, P.5    Stein, C.A.6
  • 63
    • 0019138047 scopus 로고
    • Clinical implications of glucocorticoid receptor studies in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    • Mastrangelo, R., Malandrino, R., Riccardi, R., Longo, P., Ranelletti, F.O. & Iacobelli, S. (1980) Clinical implications of glucocorticoid receptor studies in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood, 56, 1036-1040.
    • (1980) Blood , vol.56 , pp. 1036-1040
    • Mastrangelo, R.1    Malandrino, R.2    Riccardi, R.3    Longo, P.4    Ranelletti, F.O.5    Iacobelli, S.6
  • 64
    • 0027931868 scopus 로고
    • Raised intracellular glutathione levels correlate with in vitro resistance to cytotoxic drugs in leukaemic cells from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    • Maung, Z.T., Hogarth, L., Reid, M.M., Proctor, S.J., Hamilton, P.J. & Hall, A.G. (1994a) Raised intracellular glutathione levels correlate with in vitro resistance to cytotoxic drugs in leukaemic cells from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia, 8, 1487-1491.
    • (1994) Leukemia , vol.8 , pp. 1487-1491
    • Maung, Z.T.1    Hogarth, L.2    Reid, M.M.3    Proctor, S.J.4    Hamilton, P.J.5    Hall, A.G.6
  • 66
    • 0032529237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance of human leukemic CEM-C1 cells is overcome by synergism between glucocorticoid and protein kinase A pathways: Correlation with c-Myc suppression
    • Medh, R.D., Saeed, M.F., Johnson, B.H. & Thompson, E.B. (1998) Resistance of human leukemic CEM-C1 cells is overcome by synergism between glucocorticoid and protein kinase A pathways: correlation with c-Myc suppression. Cancer Research, 58, 3684-3693.
    • (1998) Cancer Research , vol.58 , pp. 3684-3693
    • Medh, R.D.1    Saeed, M.F.2    Johnson, B.H.3    Thompson, E.B.4
  • 67
    • 0037622137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of apoptosis by glucocorticoids in glomerular endothelial cells; effects on proapoptotic pathways
    • Messmer, U.K., Winkel, G., Briner, V.A. & Pfeilschifter, J. (2000) Suppression of apoptosis by glucocorticoids in glomerular endothelial cells; effects on proapoptotic pathways. British Journal of Pharmacology, 129, 1673-1683.
    • (2000) British Journal of Pharmacology , vol.129 , pp. 1673-1683
    • Messmer, U.K.1    Winkel, G.2    Briner, V.A.3    Pfeilschifter, J.4
  • 69
    • 0023235562 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptor mutants that define a small region sufficient for enhancer activation
    • Miesfeld, R., Godowski, P.J., Maler, B.A. & Yamamoto, K.R. (1987) Glucocorticoid receptor mutants that define a small region sufficient for enhancer activation. Science, 236, 423-427.
    • (1987) Science , vol.236 , pp. 423-427
    • Miesfeld, R.1    Godowski, P.J.2    Maler, B.A.3    Yamamoto, K.R.4
  • 70
    • 0027389763 scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2 oncoprotein blocks chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in a human leukemia cell line
    • Miyashita, T. & Reed, J.C. (1993) Bcl-2 oncoprotein blocks chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in a human leukemia cell line. Blood, 81, 151-157.
    • (1993) Blood , vol.81 , pp. 151-157
    • Miyashita, T.1    Reed, J.C.2
  • 71
    • 0025778706 scopus 로고
    • Cytoplasmic 8 S glucocorticoid receptor binds to actin filaments through the 90-kDa heat shock protein moiety
    • Miyata, Y. & Yahara, I. (1991) Cytoplasmic 8 S glucocorticoid receptor binds to actin filaments through the 90-kDa heat shock protein moiety. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 266, 8779-8783.
    • (1991) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.266 , pp. 8779-8783
    • Miyata, Y.1    Yahara, I.2
  • 72
    • 0028067889 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptors and resistance to glucocorticoids in hematologic malignancies
    • Moalli, P.A. & Rosen, S.T. (1994) Glucocorticoid receptors and resistance to glucocorticoids in hematologic malignancies. Leukemia and Lymphoma, 15, 363-374.
    • (1994) Leukemia and Lymphoma , vol.15 , pp. 363-374
    • Moalli, P.A.1    Rosen, S.T.2
  • 73
    • 0034283981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis is rapidly triggered by antisense depletion of MCL-1 in differentiating U937 cells
    • Moulding, D.A., Giles, R.V., Spiller, D.G., White, M.R., Tidd, D.M. & Edwards, S.W. (2000) Apoptosis is rapidly triggered by antisense depletion of MCL-1 in differentiating U937 cells. Blood, 96, 1756-1763.
    • (2000) Blood , vol.96 , pp. 1756-1763
    • Moulding, D.A.1    Giles, R.V.2    Spiller, D.G.3    White, M.R.4    Tidd, D.M.5    Edwards, S.W.6
  • 75
    • 0026069879 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical evidence that glucocorticoid-sensitive cell lines derived from the human leukemic cell line CCRF-CEM express a normal and a mutant glucocorticoid receptor gene
    • Palmer, L.A. & Harmon, J.M. (1991) Biochemical evidence that glucocorticoid-sensitive cell lines derived from the human leukemic cell line CCRF-CEM express a normal and a mutant glucocorticoid receptor gene. Cancer Research, 51, 5224-5231.
    • (1991) Cancer Research , vol.51 , pp. 5224-5231
    • Palmer, L.A.1    Harmon, J.M.2
  • 78
    • 0027293956 scopus 로고
    • Cloning and expression of mutant glucocorticoid receptors from glucocorticoid-sensitive and -resistant human leukemic cells
    • Powers, J.H., Hillmann, A.G., Tang, D.C. & Harmon, J.M. (1993) Cloning and expression of mutant glucocorticoid receptors from glucocorticoid-sensitive and -resistant human leukemic cells. Cancer Research, 53, 4059-4065.
    • (1993) Cancer Research , vol.53 , pp. 4059-4065
    • Powers, J.H.1    Hillmann, A.G.2    Tang, D.C.3    Harmon, J.M.4
  • 80
    • 0033832590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with a decrease of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and loss of spontaneous caspase-3 processing in vivo
    • Prokop, A., Wieder, T., Sturm, I., Essmann, F., Seeger, K., Wuchter, C., Ludwig, W.D., Henze, G., Dorken, B. & Daniel, P.T. (2000) Relapse in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with a decrease of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and loss of spontaneous caspase-3 processing in vivo. Leukemia, 14, 1606-1613.
    • (2000) Leukemia , vol.14 , pp. 1606-1613
    • Prokop, A.1    Wieder, T.2    Sturm, I.3    Essmann, F.4    Seeger, K.5    Wuchter, C.6    Ludwig, W.D.7    Henze, G.8    Dorken, B.9    Daniel, P.T.10
  • 81
    • 0022658125 scopus 로고
    • Sequential studies of lymphoblast glucocorticoid receptor levels at diagnosis and relapse in childhood leukemia: An update
    • Pui, C.H. & Costlow, M.E. (1986) Sequential studies of lymphoblast glucocorticoid receptor levels at diagnosis and relapse in childhood leukemia: an update. Leukemia Research, 10, 227-229.
    • (1986) Leukemia Research , vol.10 , pp. 227-229
    • Pui, C.H.1    Costlow, M.E.2
  • 82
    • 0020623794 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptors in childhood acute non-lymphocytic leukemia
    • Pui, C.H., Costlow, M.E., Kalwinsky, D.K. & Dahl, G.V. (1983) Glucocorticoid receptors in childhood acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia Research, 7, 11-16.
    • (1983) Leukemia Research , vol.7 , pp. 11-16
    • Pui, C.H.1    Costlow, M.E.2    Kalwinsky, D.K.3    Dahl, G.V.4
  • 83
    • 0021139842 scopus 로고
    • Impact of treatment efficacy on the prognostic value of glucocorticoid receptor levels in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
    • Pui, C.H., Ochs, J., Kalwinsky, D.K. & Costlow, M.E. (1984) Impact of treatment efficacy on the prognostic value of glucocorticoid receptor levels in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia Research, 8, 345-350.
    • (1984) Leukemia Research , vol.8 , pp. 345-350
    • Pui, C.H.1    Ochs, J.2    Kalwinsky, D.K.3    Costlow, M.E.4
  • 84
    • 0022374614 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptors in immunological subtypes of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia cells: A Pediatric Oncology Group Study
    • Quddus, F.F., Leventhal, B.G., Boyett, J.M., Pullen, D.J., Crist, W.M. & Borowitz, M.J. (1985) Glucocorticoid receptors in immunological subtypes of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia cells: a Pediatric Oncology Group Study. Cancer Research, 45, 6482-6486.
    • (1985) Cancer Research , vol.45 , pp. 6482-6486
    • Quddus, F.F.1    Leventhal, B.G.2    Boyett, J.M.3    Pullen, D.J.4    Crist, W.M.5    Borowitz, M.J.6
  • 85
    • 0028107237 scopus 로고
    • Physical association and functional antagonism between the p65 subunit of transcription factor NF-kappa B and the glucocorticoid receptor
    • Ray, A. & Prefontaine, K.E. (1994) Physical association and functional antagonism between the p65 subunit of transcription factor NF-kappa B and the glucocorticoid receptor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 91, 752-756.
    • (1994) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol.91 , pp. 752-756
    • Ray, A.1    Prefontaine, K.E.2
  • 86
    • 0028054687 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of chemoresistance by the bcl-2 oncoprotein in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and lymphocytic leukemia cell lines
    • Reed, J.C., Kitada, S., Takayama, S. & Miyashita, T. (1994) Regulation of chemoresistance by the bcl-2 oncoprotein in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and lymphocytic leukemia cell lines. Annals of Oncology., 5, 61-65.
    • (1994) Annals of Oncology , vol.5 , pp. 61-65
    • Reed, J.C.1    Kitada, S.2    Takayama, S.3    Miyashita, T.4
  • 87
    • 0023186011 scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid-dependent reduction of leukocyte count in blood as a prognostic factor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood (therapy study ALL-BFM 83)
    • Riehm, H., Reiter, A., Schrappe, M., Berthold, F., Dopfer, R., Gerein, V., Ludwig, R., Ritter, J., Stollmann, B. & Henze, G. (1987) Corticosteroid-dependent reduction of leukocyte count in blood as a prognostic factor in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood (therapy study ALL-BFM 83). Klinische Padiatrie, 199, 151-160.
    • (1987) Klinische Padiatrie , vol.199 , pp. 151-160
    • Riehm, H.1    Reiter, A.2    Schrappe, M.3    Berthold, F.4    Dopfer, R.5    Gerein, V.6    Ludwig, R.7    Ritter, J.8    Stollmann, B.9    Henze, G.10
  • 88
    • 0033323794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insertion of an amino acid in the DNA-binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor as a result of alternative splicing
    • Rivers, C., Levy, A., Hancock, J., Lightman, S. & Norman, M. (1999) Insertion of an amino acid in the DNA-binding domain of the glucocorticoid receptor as a result of alternative splicing. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 84, 4283-4286.
    • (1999) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism , vol.84 , pp. 4283-4286
    • Rivers, C.1    Levy, A.2    Hancock, J.3    Lightman, S.4    Norman, M.5
  • 90
    • 0032847005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bcl-2 family members in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Relationships with features at presentation, in vitro and in vivo drug response and long-term clinical outcome
    • Salomons, G.S., Smets, L.A., Verwijs-Janssen, M., Hart, A.A., Haarman, E.G., Kaspers, G.J.L., Van Wering, E.R., Van der Does-van den Berg, A. & Kamps, W.A. (1999) Bcl-2 family members in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: relationships with features at presentation, in vitro and in vivo drug response and long-term clinical outcome. Leukemia, 13, 1574-1580.
    • (1999) Leukemia , vol.13 , pp. 1574-1580
    • Salomons, G.S.1    Smets, L.A.2    Verwijs-Janssen, M.3    Hart, A.A.4    Haarman, E.G.5    Kaspers, G.J.L.6    Van Wering, E.R.7    Van Der Does-van Den Berg, A.8    Kamps, W.A.9
  • 91
    • 0034667372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Down-regulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein induces apoptosis in chemoresistant human ovarian cancer cells
    • Sasaki, H., Sheng, Y., Kotsuji, F. & Tsang, B.K. (2000) Down-regulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein induces apoptosis in chemoresistant human ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Research, 60, 5659-5666.
    • (2000) Cancer Research , vol.60 , pp. 5659-5666
    • Sasaki, H.1    Sheng, Y.2    Kotsuji, F.3    Tsang, B.K.4
  • 92
    • 0028879819 scopus 로고
    • Role of transcriptional activation of I kappa B alpha in mediation of immunosuppression by glucocorticoids
    • Scheinman, R.I., Cogswell, P.C., Lofquist, A.K. & Baldwin, Jr. A.S. (1995) Role of transcriptional activation of I kappa B alpha in mediation of immunosuppression by glucocorticoids. Science, 270, 283-286.
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , pp. 283-286
    • Scheinman, R.I.1    Cogswell, P.C.2    Lofquist, A.K.3    Baldwin A.S., Jr.4
  • 93
    • 0034517924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term results of four consecutive trials in childhood ALL performed by the ALL-BFM study group from 1981 to 1995. Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster
    • Schrappe, M., Reiter, A., Zimmermann, M., Harbott, J., Ludwig, W.D., Henze, G., Gadner, H., Odenwald, E. & Riehm, H. (2000) Long-term results of four consecutive trials in childhood ALL performed by the ALL-BFM study group from 1981 to 1995. Berlin-Frankfurt-Munster. Leukemia, 14, 2205-2222.
    • (2000) Leukemia , vol.14 , pp. 2205-2222
    • Schrappe, M.1    Reiter, A.2    Zimmermann, M.3    Harbott, J.4    Ludwig, W.D.5    Henze, G.6    Gadner, H.7    Odenwald, E.8    Riehm, H.9
  • 94
    • 0000668139 scopus 로고
    • Thymus and adrenals in the response of the organism to injuries and antioxidants
    • Selye, H. (1936) Thymus and adrenals in the response of the organism to injuries and antioxidants. British Journal of Experimental Pathology, 17, 234-238.
    • (1936) British Journal of Experimental Pathology , vol.17 , pp. 234-238
    • Selye, H.1
  • 95
    • 0000016176 scopus 로고
    • Critical evaluation of massive steroid therapy of acute leukemia
    • Shanbrom, E. & Miller, S. (1962) Critical evaluation of massive steroid therapy of acute leukemia. New England Journal of Medicine, 266, 1354-1363.
    • (1962) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.266 , pp. 1354-1363
    • Shanbrom, E.1    Miller, S.2
  • 96
    • 0023724173 scopus 로고
    • Potentiation of glucocorticoid-induced lysis in refractory and resistant leukemia cells by inhibitors of ADP-ribosylation
    • Smets, L., Metwally, E.A., Knol, E. & Martens, M. (1988) Potentiation of glucocorticoid-induced lysis in refractory and resistant leukemia cells by inhibitors of ADP-ribosylation. Leukemia Research, 12, 737-743.
    • (1988) Leukemia Research , vol.12 , pp. 737-743
    • Smets, L.1    Metwally, E.A.2    Knol, E.3    Martens, M.4
  • 97
    • 0025078247 scopus 로고
    • Intracellular inhibition of mono (ADP-ribosylation) by meta-iodobenzylguanidine: Specificity, intracellular concentration and effects on glucocorticoid-mediated cell lysis
    • Smets, L.A., Loesberg, C., Janssen, M. & Van Rooij, H. (1990) Intracellular inhibition of mono (ADP-ribosylation) by meta-iodobenzylguanidine: specificity, intracellular concentration and effects on glucocorticoid-mediated cell lysis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1054, 49-55.
    • (1990) Biochimica et Biophysica Acta , vol.1054 , pp. 49-55
    • Smets, L.A.1    Loesberg, C.2    Janssen, M.3    Van Rooij, H.4
  • 98
    • 0028085750 scopus 로고
    • BCL-2 expression and mitochonclrial activity in leukemic cells with different sensitivity to glucocorticold-induced apoptosis
    • Smets, L.A., Van den Berg, J.D., Acton, D., Top, B., Van Rooij, H. & Verwijs-Janssen, M. (1994) BCL-2 expression and mitochonclrial activity in leukemic cells with different sensitivity to glucocorticold-induced apoptosis. Blood, 84, 1613-1619.
    • (1994) Blood , vol.84 , pp. 1613-1619
    • Smets, L.A.1    Van Den Berg, J.D.2    Acton, D.3    Top, B.4    Van Rooij, H.5    Verwijs-Janssen, M.6
  • 99
    • 0025079652 scopus 로고
    • Two glucocorticoid binding sites on the human glucocorticoid receptor
    • Srivastava, D. & Thompson, E.B. (1990) Two glucocorticoid binding sites on the human glucocorticoid receptor. Endocrinology, 127, 1770-1778.
    • (1990) Endocrinology , vol.127 , pp. 1770-1778
    • Srivastava, D.1    Thompson, E.B.2
  • 100
    • 0031958821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marked improvements in outcome with chemotherapy alone in paediatric acute myeloid leukemia: Results of the United Kingdom Medical Research Council's 10th AML trial. MRC Childhood Leukaemia Working Party
    • Stevens, R.F., Hann, I.M., Wheatley, K. & Gray, R.G. (1998) Marked improvements in outcome with chemotherapy alone in paediatric acute myeloid leukemia: results of the United Kingdom Medical Research Council's 10th AML trial. MRC Childhood Leukaemia Working Party. British Journal of Haematology, 101, 130-140.
    • (1998) British Journal of Haematology , vol.101 , pp. 130-140
    • Stevens, R.F.1    Hann, I.M.2    Wheatley, K.3    Gray, R.G.4
  • 102
    • 0028797850 scopus 로고
    • Splice site mutation in the glucocorticoid receptor gene causes resistance to glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in a human acute leukemic cell line
    • Strasser-Wozak, E.M., Hattmannstorfer, R., Hala, M., Hartmann, B.L., Fiegl, M., Geley, S. & Kofler, R. (1995) Splice site mutation in the glucocorticoid receptor gene causes resistance to glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis in a human acute leukemic cell line. Cancer Research, 55, 348-353.
    • (1995) Cancer Research , vol.55 , pp. 348-353
    • Strasser-Wozak, E.M.1    Hattmannstorfer, R.2    Hala, M.3    Hartmann, B.L.4    Fiegl, M.5    Geley, S.6    Kofler, R.7
  • 103
    • 0035951781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping of glucocorticoid receptor DNA binding domain surfaces contributing to transrepression of NF-kappa B and induction of apoptosis
    • Tao, Y., Williams-Skipp, C. & Scheinman, R.I. (2001) Mapping of glucocorticoid receptor DNA binding domain surfaces contributing to transrepression of NF-kappa B and induction of apoptosis. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 276, 2329-2332.
    • (2001) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.276 , pp. 2329-2332
    • Tao, Y.1    Williams-Skipp, C.2    Scheinman, R.I.3
  • 104
    • 0031918741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The many roles of c-Myc in apoptosis
    • Thompson, E.B. (1998) The many roles of c-Myc in apoptosis. Annual Review of Physiology, 60, 575-600.
    • (1998) Annual Review of Physiology , vol.60 , pp. 575-600
    • Thompson, E.B.1
  • 105
    • 0022516366 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptors and glucocorticoid resistance in human leukemia in vivo and in vitro
    • Thompson, E.B. & Harmon, J.M. (1986) Glucocorticoid receptors and glucocorticoid resistance in human leukemia in vivo and in vitro. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 196, 111-127.
    • (1986) Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology , vol.196 , pp. 111-127
    • Thompson, E.B.1    Harmon, J.M.2
  • 106
    • 0024507978 scopus 로고
    • Interactions of the phenylpyrazolo steroid cortivazol with glucocorticoid receptors in steroid-sensitive and -resistant human leukemic cells
    • Thompson, E.B., Srivastava, D. & Johnson, B.H. (1989) Interactions of the phenylpyrazolo steroid cortivazol with glucocorticoid receptors in steroid-sensitive and -resistant human leukemic cells. Cancer Research, 49, 2253s-2258s.
    • (1989) Cancer Research , vol.49
    • Thompson, E.B.1    Srivastava, D.2    Johnson, B.H.3
  • 107
    • 0027327239 scopus 로고
    • Suppression of c-myc is a critical step in glucocorticoid-induced human leukemic cell lysis
    • Thulasi, R., Harbour, D.V. & Thompson, E.B. (1993) Suppression of c-myc is a critical step in glucocorticoid-induced human leukemic cell lysis. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 268, 18306-18312.
    • (1993) Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.268 , pp. 18306-18312
    • Thulasi, R.1    Harbour, D.V.2    Thompson, E.B.3
  • 108
    • 0035088322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression profiles of proliferating vs. G1/G0 arrested human leukemia cells suggest a mechanism for glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis
    • Tonko, M., Ausserlechner, M.J., Bernhard, D., Helmberg, A. & Kofler, R. (2001) Gene expression profiles of proliferating vs. G1/G0 arrested human leukemia cells suggest a mechanism for glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis. FASEB Journal, 15, 693-699.
    • (2001) FASEB Journal , vol.15 , pp. 693-699
    • Tonko, M.1    Ausserlechner, M.J.2    Bernhard, D.3    Helmberg, A.4    Kofler, R.5
  • 109
    • 0027538603 scopus 로고
    • Temperature dependence of glucocorticoid binding in sensitive and refractory murine leukaemia cells
    • Van den Berg, J.D., Smets, L.A., Van den Elshout, M.M., Van Geel, I.P. & Janssen, M. (1993) Temperature dependence of glucocorticoid binding in sensitive and refractory murine leukaemia cells. Leukemia Research, 17, 263-269.
    • (1993) Leukemia Research , vol.17 , pp. 263-269
    • Van Den Berg, J.D.1    Smets, L.A.2    Van Den Elshout, M.M.3    Van Geel, I.P.4    Janssen, M.5
  • 112
    • 0029960017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High cure rate with a moderately intensive treatment regimen in non-high-risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Results of protocol ALL VI from the Dutch Childhood Leukemia Study Group
    • Veerman, A.J.P., Hählen, K., Kamps, W.A., Van Leeuwen, E.F., De Vaan, G.A., Solbu, G., Suciu, S., Van Wering, E.R. & Van der Does-van der Berg. A. (1996) High cure rate with a moderately intensive treatment regimen in non-high-risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Results of protocol ALL VI from the Dutch Childhood Leukemia Study Group. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 14, 911-918.
    • (1996) Journal of Clinical Oncology , vol.14 , pp. 911-918
    • Veerman, A.J.P.1    Hählen, K.2    Kamps, W.A.3    Van Leeuwen, E.F.4    De Vaan, G.A.5    Solbu, G.6    Suciu, S.7    Van Wering, E.R.8    Van Der Does-van Der Berg, A.9
  • 113
    • 0032508414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NF-kappaB antiapoptosis: Induction of TRAF1 and TRAF2 and c-IAP1 and c-IAP2 to suppress caspase-8 activation
    • Wang, C.Y., Mayo, M.W., Korneluk, R.G., Goeddel, D.V. & Baldwin. Jr. A.S. (1998) NF-kappaB antiapoptosis: induction of TRAF1 and TRAF2 and c-IAP1 and c-IAP2 to suppress caspase-8 activation. Science, 281, 1680-1683.
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , pp. 1680-1683
    • Wang, C.Y.1    Mayo, M.W.2    Korneluk, R.G.3    Goeddel, D.V.4    Baldwin A.S., Jr.5
  • 116
    • 0344193131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine rescue from glucocorticoid induced apoptosis in T cells is mediated through inhibition of IkappaBalpha
    • Xie, H., Seward, R.J. & Huber, B.T. (1997) Cytokine rescue from glucocorticoid induced apoptosis in T cells is mediated through inhibition of IkappaBalpha. Molecular Immunology, 34, 987-994.
    • (1997) Molecular Immunology , vol.34 , pp. 987-994
    • Xie, H.1    Seward, R.J.2    Huber, B.T.3
  • 117
    • 0022327612 scopus 로고
    • Steroid receptor regulated transcription of specific genes and gene networks
    • Yamamoto, K.R. (1985) Steroid receptor regulated transcription of specific genes and gene networks. Annual Review of Genetics, 19, 209-252.
    • (1985) Annual Review of Genetics , vol.19 , pp. 209-252
    • Yamamoto, K.R.1
  • 118
    • 0017102421 scopus 로고
    • Steroid receptors: Elements for modulation of eukaryotic transcription
    • Yamamoto, K.R. & Alberts, B.M. (1976) Steroid receptors: elements for modulation of eukaryotic transcription. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 45, 721-746.
    • (1976) Annual Review of Biochemistry , vol.45 , pp. 721-746
    • Yamamoto, K.R.1    Alberts, B.M.2
  • 120
    • 0034607655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ubiquitin protein ligase activity of IAPs and their degradation in proteasomes in response to apoptotic stimuli
    • Yang, Y., Fang, S., Jensen, J.P., Weissman, A.M. & Ashwell, J.D. (2000) Ubiquitin protein ligase activity of IAPs and their degradation in proteasomes in response to apoptotic stimuli. Science, 288, 874-877.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 874-877
    • Yang, Y.1    Fang, S.2    Jensen, J.P.3    Weissman, A.M.4    Ashwell, J.D.5
  • 121
    • 0025061656 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the affinity of a steroid for its receptor is not sufficient to measure its intrinsic hormonal activity
    • Zeelen, F.J. (1990) Determination of the affinity of a steroid for its receptor is not sufficient to measure its intrinsic hormonal activity. Steroids, 55, 325-326.
    • (1990) Steroids , vol.55 , pp. 325-326
    • Zeelen, F.J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.