Diabetic retinopathy: More than meets the eye

Survey of Ophthalmology

Volumn 47, Issue SUPPL. 2, 2002, Pages

  Gardner, Thomas W ^a   Antonetti, David A ^a   Barber, Alistair J ^a   LaNoue, Kathryn F ^a   Levison, Steven W ^a  

^a PENN STATE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Chronic inflammation; Diabetic retinopathy; Microglia; Retinal gliosis; Tight junction proteins

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; BLOOD RETINA BARRIER; CELL ASSAY; CELLULAR PARAMETERS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC RETINOPATHY; EYE; GLIA CELL; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; MACROGLIA; MEDICAL RESEARCH; METABOLIC REGULATION; MICROANGIOPATHY; MICROGLIA; NERVE CELL; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETINA MACULA EDEMA; RISK FACTOR; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT;

EID: 0036943831     PISSN: 00396257     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0039-6257(02)00387-9     Document Type: Review

References (61)

1. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 329:977-86, 1993.
2. Abbott N.J., Revest P.A., Romero I.A. Astrocyte-endothelial interaction. physiology and pathology Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 18:1992;424-433.
3. Aiello L.P., Bursell S.E., Clermont A.et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor-induced retinal permeability is mediated by protein kinase C in vivo and suppressed by an orally effective beta-isoform-selective inhibitor. Diabetes. 46:1997;1473-1480.
4. Aiello L.P., Cahill M.T., Wong J.S. Systemic considerations in the management of diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 132:2001;760-776.
5. Aiello L.P., Wong J.S. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor in diabetic vascular complications. Kidney Int. 77(Suppl):2000;S113-S119.
6. Antonetti D.A., Barber A.J., Hollinger L.A.et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor induces rapid phosphorylation of tight junction proteins occludin and zonula occluden 1. A potential mechanism for vascular permeability in diabetic retinopathy and tumors. J Biol Chem. 274:1999;23463-23467.
7. Antonetti D.A., Barber A.J., Khin S.et al. Vascular permeability in experimental diabetes is associated with reduced endothelial occludin content. vascular endothelial growth factor decreases occludin in retinal endothelial cells Penn State Retina Research Group. Diabetes. 47:1998;1953-1959.
8. Antonetti D.A., Lieth E., Barber A.J., Gardner T.W. Molecular mechanisms of vascular permeability in diabetic retinopathy. Semin Ophthalmol. 14:1999;240-248.
9. Antonetti D.A., Wolpert E.B., DeMaio L.et al. Hydrocortisone decreases retinal endothelial cell water and solute flux coincident with increased content and decreased phosphorylation of occludin. J Neurochem. 80:2002;667-677.
10. Arauz-Pacheco C., Parrott M.A., Raskin P. The treatment of hypertension in adult patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 25:2001;134-147. [Technical review].
11. Barber A.J., Antonetti D.A., Gardner T.W. Altered expression of retinal occludin and glial fibrillary acidic protein in experimental diabetes. The Penn State Retina Research Group. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 41:2000;3561-3568.
12. Barber A.J., Lieth E., Khin S.A.et al. Neural apoptosis in the retina during experimental and human diabetes. Early onset and effect of insulin. J Clin Invest. 102:1998;783-791.
13. Barber A.J., Nakamura M., Wolpert E.B.et al. Insulin rescues retinal neurons from apoptosis by a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-mediated mechanism that reduces the activation of caspase-3. J Biol Chem. 276:2001;32814-32821.
14. Barouch F.C., Miyamoto K., Allport J.R.et al. Integrin-mediated neutrophil adhesion and retinal leukostasis in diabetes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 41:2000;1153-1158.
15. Bek T. Glial cell involvement in vascular occlusion of diabetic retinopathy. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 75:1997;239-243.
16. Bloodworth J.M.B. Diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes. 2:1962;1-22.
17. Bocker-Meffert S., Rosenstiel P., Rohl C.et al. Erythropoietin and VEGF promote neural outgrowth from retinal explants in postnatal rats. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 43:2002;2021-2026.
18. Boeri D., Maiello M., Lorenzi M. Increased prevalence of microthromboses in retinal capillaries of diabetic individuals. Diabetes. 50:2001;1432-1439.
19. Bresnick G.H., Palta M. Predicting progression to severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 105:1987;810-814.
20. Broderick C., Duncan L., Taylor N., Dick A.D. IFN-gamma and LPS-mediated IL-10-dependent suppression of retinal microglial activation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 41:2000;2613-2622.
21. Chew E.Y. Diabetic retinopathy and lipid abnormalities. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 8:1997;59-62.
22. Cooper M.E., Vranes D., Youssef S.et al. Increased renal expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor VEGFR-2 in experimental diabetes. Diabetes. 48:1999;2229-2239.
23. Cotran R.S., Kumar V., Collins T. Robbins Pathologic Basis Of Disease. 1999;Saunders, Philadelphia. ed 6.
24. Daley M.L., Watzke R.C., Riddle M.C. Early loss of blue-sensitive color vision in patients with type I diabetes. Diabetes Care. 10:1987;777-781.
25. Davis M.D., Fisher M.R., Gangnon R.E.et al. Risk factors for high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy and severe visual loss. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Report #18 Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 39:1998;233-252.
26. Estafanous M.F.G., Kaiser P.K., Bowen A. Posterior sub-tenons Kenalog injections in diabetic macular edema. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 41:2000;S115.
27. Gardner T.W., Aiello L.P. Pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Flynn H.F., Smiddy W. Diabetes and Ocular Disease. Past, Present, and Future Therapies:2000;1-17 American Academy of Ophthalmology, San Francisco.
28. Gardner T.W., Antonetti D.A., Barber A.J.et al. The molecular structure and function of the inner blood-retinal barrier. Penn State Retina Research Group. Doc Ophthalmol. 97:1999;229-237.
29. Gardner T.W., Lieth E., Khin S.A.et al. Astrocytes increase barrier properties and ZO-1 expression in retinal vascular endothelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 38:1997;2423-2427.
30. Gilbert R.E., Vranes D., Berka J.L.et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in control and diabetic rat eyes. Lab Invest. 78:1998;1017-1027.
31. Gordon B., Chang S., Kavanagh M.et al. The effects of lipid lowering on diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 112:1991;385-391.
32. Gordon M.B. Hypophysectomy in the treatment of intractable diabetic retinitis. Report of a case. J Med Soc NJ. 64:1967;52-55.
33. Gottfredsdottir M.S., Stefansson E., Jonasson F., Gislason I. Retinal vasoconstriction after laser treatment for diabetic macular edema. Am J Ophthalmol. 115:1993;64-67.
34. Guyton A.C., Hall J.E. Textbook of Medical Physiology. 2000;Saunders, Philadelphia. ed 10.
35. Harris A., Ciulla T.A., Chung H.S., Martin B. Regulation of retinal and optic nerve blood flow. Arch Ophthalmol. 116:1998;1491-1495.
36. Hata Y., Clermont A., Yamauchi T.et al. Retinal expression, regulation, and functional bioactivity of prostacyclin-stimulating factor. J Clin Invest. 106:2000;541-550.
37. Hiscott P.S., Grierson I., Trombetta C.J.et al. Retinal and epiretinal glia - an immunohistochemical study. Br J Ophthalmol. 68:1984;698-707.
38. Ideta R., Yamashita H., Tanaka Y.et al. Roles of cytokines in diabetic retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol. 117:1999;700-701.
39. Jin K.L., Mao X.O., Greenberg D.A. Vascular endothelial growth factor. direct neuroprotective effect in in vitro ischemia Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 97:2000;10242-10247.
40. Jonas J.B., Sofker A. Intraocular injection of crystalline cortisone as adjunctive treatment of diabetic macular edema. Am J Ophthalmol. 132:2001;425-427.
41. Kristinsson J.K., Gottfredsdottir M.S., Stefansson E. Retinal vessel dilatation and elongation precedes diabetic macular oedema. Br J Ophthalmol. 81:1997;274-278.
42. Kylstra J.A., Wierzbicki T., Wolbarsht M.L.et al. The relationship between retinal vessel tortuosity, diameter, and transmural pressure. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 224:1986;477-480.
43. Lieth E., Barber A.J., Xu B.et al. Glial reactivity and impaired glutamate metabolism in short-term experimental diabetic retinopathy. Penn State Retina Research Group. Diabetes. 47:1998;815-820.
44. Lieth E., LaNoue K.F., Antonetti D.A., Ratz M. Diabetes reduces glutamate oxidation and glutamine synthesis in the retina. The Penn State Retina Research Group. Exp Eye Res. 70:2000;723-730.
45. Markle R.A., Hollis T.M., Cosgarea A.J. Renal histamine increases in the streptozotocin-diabetic rat. Exp Mol Pathol. 44:1986;21-28.
46. Miyamoto K., Khosrof S., Bursell S.E.et al. Prevention of leukostasis and vascular leakage in streptozotocin- induced diabetic retinopathy via intercellular adhesion molecule-1 inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96:1999;10836-10841.
47. Mizutani M., Gerhardinger C., Lorenzi M. Muller cell changes in human diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes. 47:1998;445-449.
48. Nakamura M., Barber A.J., Antonetti D.A.et al. Excessive hexosamines block the neuroprotective effect of insulin and induce apoptosis in retinal neurons. J Biol Chem. 276:2001;43748-43755.
49. Oosthuyse B., Moons L., Storkebaum E.et al. Deletion of the hypoxia-response element in the vascular endothelial growth factor promoter causes motor neuron degeneration. Nat Genet. 28:2001;131-138.
50. Parisi V., Uccioli L. Visual electrophysiological responses in persons with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 17:2001;12-18.
51. Qiao Q., Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S., Laara E. The relationship between hemoglobin levels and diabetic retinopathy. J Clin Epidemiol. 50:1997;153-158.
52. Raviola G. The structural basis of the blood-ocular barriers. Exp Eye Res. 25(Suppl):1977;27-63.
53. Rungger-Brandle E., Dosso A.A., Leuenberger P.M. Glial reactivity, an early feature of diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 41:2000;1971-1980.
54. Simonsen SE: ERG in juvenile diabetics: a prognostic study, in Goldberg M, Fine SL (eds):Symposium on the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy. Arlington, VA, US Department of Health, Education and Welfare, 1969, pp 681-9.
55. Sinclair S.H., Grunwald J.E., Riva C.E.et al. Retinal vascular autoregulation in diabetes mellitus. Ophthalmology. 89:1982;748-750.
56. Sondell M., Lundborg G., Kanje M. Vascular endothelial growth factor has neurotrophic activity and stimulates axonal outgrowth, enhancing cell survival and Schwann cell proliferation in the peripheral nervous system. J Neurosci. 19:1999;5731-5740.
57. Van Eck W.F. The effect of a low fat diet on the serum lipids in diabetes and its significance in diabetic retinopathy. Am J Med. 27:1959;196-211.
58. Wolter J.R. Diabetic retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 51:1961;1123-1139.
59. Yanoff M, Fine SL (eds): Ocular Pathology. London, Mosby-Wolfe, 1989, ed 4.
60. Yuuki T., Kanda T., Kimura Y.et al. Inflammatory cytokines in vitreous fluid and serum of patients with diabetic vitreoretinopathy. J Diabetes Complications. 15:2001;257-259.
61. Zeng X.X., Ng Y.K., Ling E.A. Neuronal and microglial response in the retina of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Vis Neurosci. 17:2000;463-471.