메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 70, Issue 5, 2002, Pages 694-702

Multiple aspects of homocysteine neurotoxicity: Glutamate excitotoxicity, kinase hyperactivation and DNA damage

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; Calcium influx; Excitotoxicity; Homocysteine; Oxidative stress; Tau phosphorylation

Indexed keywords

3 AMINOBENZAMIDE; ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE; CALCIUM; CELL DNA; DIZOCILPINE; GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR; GLUTAMIC ACID; HOMOCYSTEINE; METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITOR; PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; S ADENOSYLMETHIONINE; TAU PROTEIN;

EID: 0036892748     PISSN: 03604012     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jnr.10416     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (339)

References (56)
  • 1
    • 0031779752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relevance of vitamins, homocystein and other metabolites in neuropsychiatric disorders
    • Allen RH, Stabler SP, Lindenbaum J. 1998. Relevance of vitamins, homocystein and other metabolites in neuropsychiatric disorders. Eur J Pediatr 157(Suppl):122-126.
    • (1998) Eur J Pediatr , vol.157 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 122-126
    • Allen, R.H.1    Stabler, S.P.2    Lindenbaum, J.3
  • 2
    • 0002304781 scopus 로고
    • The centrality of S-adenosylhomocysteine in the regulation of the biological utilization of S-adenosylmethionine
    • Borchardt C, Ueland PM, editors. Clifton: Humana Press Inc
    • Cantoni GL. 1986. The centrality of S-adenosylhomocysteine in the regulation of the biological utilization of S-adenosylmethionine. In: Borchardt C, Ueland PM, editors. Biological Methylation and Drug Design: Experimental and Clinical Roles of SAM. Clifton: Humana Press Inc. p 227-237.
    • (1986) Biological Methylation and Drug Design: Experimental and Clinical Roles of SAM , pp. 227-237
    • Cantoni, G.L.1
  • 3
    • 0031597388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Folate, vitamin B12, and serum total homocysteine levels in confirmed Alzheimer disease
    • Clarke R, Smith AD, Jobst KA, Refsum H, Sutton L, Ueland PM. 1998. Folate, vitamin B12, and serum total homocysteine levels in confirmed Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol 55:1449-1455.
    • (1998) Arch Neurol , vol.55 , pp. 1449-1455
    • Clarke, R.1    Smith, A.D.2    Jobst, K.A.3    Refsum, H.4    Sutton, L.5    Ueland, P.M.6
  • 4
    • 0032516063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dehydroepiandrosterone: A potential signaling molecule for neocortical organization during development
    • Compagnone NA, Mellon SH. 1998. Dehydroepiandrosterone: A potential signaling molecule for neocortical organization during development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:4678-4683.
    • (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.95 , pp. 4678-4683
    • Compagnone, N.A.1    Mellon, S.H.2
  • 5
    • 0034040741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperphosphorylation of tau does not correlate with neurodegeneration in cortical neurons in culture
    • Ekinci FJ, Shea TB. 2000. Hyperphosphorylation of tau does not correlate with neurodegeneration in cortical neurons in culture. J Alz Dis 2:7-12.
    • (2000) J Alz Dis , vol.2 , pp. 7-12
    • Ekinci, F.J.1    Shea, T.B.2
  • 6
    • 0033569760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-amyloid induces calcium influx and neurodegeneration by MAP kinase-mediated activation of the L voltage-sensitive calcium channel
    • Ekinci FJ, Malik KM, Shea TB. 1999. Beta-amyloid induces calcium influx and neurodegeneration by MAP kinase-mediated activation of the L voltage-sensitive calcium channel. J Biol Chem 274:30322-30327.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 30322-30327
    • Ekinci, F.J.1    Malik, K.M.2    Shea, T.B.3
  • 8
    • 0028335913 scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine increases the relative number of apoptotic cells and reduces the relative number of apoptotic bodies in HL-60 cells treated with 3-deazaadenosine
    • Endresen PC, Prytz PS, Lysne S, Aarbakke J. 1994. Homocysteine increases the relative number of apoptotic cells and reduces the relative number of apoptotic bodies in HL-60 cells treated with 3-deazaadenosine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 269:1245-1253.
    • (1994) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.269 , pp. 1245-1253
    • Endresen, P.C.1    Prytz, P.S.2    Lysne, S.3    Aarbakke, J.4
  • 10
    • 0030967427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Folate depletion induced by methotrexate affects methionine synthase activity and its susceptibility to inactivation by nitrous oxide
    • Fiskerstrand T, Ueland PM, Refsum H. 1997. Folate depletion induced by methotrexate affects methionine synthase activity and its susceptibility to inactivation by nitrous oxide. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 282:1305-1311.
    • (1997) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.282 , pp. 1305-1311
    • Fiskerstrand, T.1    Ueland, P.M.2    Refsum, H.3
  • 11
    • 0031746949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteic and homocysteine sulphinic acid exhibit excitotoxicity in organotypic cultures from rat brain
    • Flott-Rahmel B, Schurmann M, Schluff P, Fingerhut R, MuBhoff U, Fowler B, Ullrich K. 1998. Homocysteic and homocysteine sulphinic acid exhibit excitotoxicity in organotypic cultures from rat brain. Eur J Pediatr 157(Suppl):112-117.
    • (1998) Eur J Pediatr , vol.157 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 112-117
    • Flott-Rahmel, B.1    Schurmann, M.2    Schluff, P.3    Fingerhut, R.4    MuBhoff, U.5    Fowler, B.6    Ullrich, K.7
  • 13
    • 0031768722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in the elderly with the focus on Alzheimer's disease
    • Gottfries CG, Lehmann W, Reglan B. 1998. Early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in the elderly with the focus on Alzheimer's disease. J Neural Transm 105:773-786.
    • (1998) J Neural Transm , vol.105 , pp. 773-786
    • Gottfries, C.G.1    Lehmann, W.2    Reglan, B.3
  • 14
    • 0029102993 scopus 로고
    • Neurodegeneration mediated by glutamate and beta-amyloid peptide: A comparison and possible interaction
    • Gray CW, Patel AJ. 1995. Neurodegeneration mediated by glutamate and beta-amyloid peptide: A comparison and possible interaction. Brain Res 691:169-179.
    • (1995) Brain Res , vol.691 , pp. 169-179
    • Gray, C.W.1    Patel, A.J.2
  • 16
    • 0344936729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible causes of Alzheimer's disease: Amyloid fragments, free radicals, and calcium homeostasis
    • Holscher C. 1998. Possible causes of Alzheimer's disease: Amyloid fragments, free radicals, and calcium homeostasis. Neurobiol Dis 5:129-141.
    • (1998) Neurobiol Dis , vol.5 , pp. 129-141
    • Holscher, C.1
  • 17
    • 0028849482 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of homocysteine, its relation to the other cellular thiols and its mechanism of cell damage in a cell culture line (human histiocytic cell line U-937)
    • Hultberg B, Andersson A, Isaksson A. 1995. Metabolism of homocysteine, its relation to the other cellular thiols and its mechanism of cell damage in a cell culture line (human histiocytic cell line U-937. Biochim Biophys Acta 1269:6-12.
    • (1995) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1269 , pp. 6-12
    • Hultberg, B.1    Andersson, A.2    Isaksson, A.3
  • 18
    • 0031035742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of homocysteine thiolactone in human cell cultures: Possible mechanism for pathological consequences of elevated homocysteine levels
    • Jakubowski H. 1997. Metabolism of homocysteine thiolactone in human cell cultures: Possible mechanism for pathological consequences of elevated homocysteine levels. J Biol Chem 272:1935-1942.
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 1935-1942
    • Jakubowski, H.1
  • 19
    • 0032078116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMPA receptor mediated excitotoxicity in neocortical neurons is developmentally regulated and dependent upon receptor desensitization
    • Jensen JB, Schousboe A, Pickering DS. 1998. AMPA receptor mediated excitotoxicity in neocortical neurons is developmentally regulated and dependent upon receptor desensitization. Neurochem Int 32:505-513.
    • (1998) Neurochem Int , vol.32 , pp. 505-513
    • Jensen, J.B.1    Schousboe, A.2    Pickering, D.S.3
  • 20
    • 0034731555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation results in regulation of extracellular signal-related kinases by protein kinases and phosphatases in glutamate-induced neuronal apoptotic-like death
    • Jiang Q, Gu Z, Zhang G, Jing G. 2000. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation results in regulation of extracellular signal-related kinases by protein kinases and phosphatases in glutamate-induced neuronal apoptotic-like death. Brain Res 887:285-292.
    • (2000) Brain Res , vol.887 , pp. 285-292
    • Jiang, Q.1    Gu, Z.2    Zhang, G.3    Jing, G.4
  • 22
    • 0033574565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • S-nitrosation ameliorates homocysteine-induced neurotoxicity and calcium responses in primary culture of rat cortical neurons
    • Kim WK. 1999. S-nitrosation ameliorates homocysteine-induced neurotoxicity and calcium responses in primary culture of rat cortical neurons. Neurosci Lett 265:99-102.
    • (1999) Neurosci Lett , vol.265 , pp. 99-102
    • Kim, W.K.1
  • 23
    • 0030604041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and free radical in homocysteine-mediated toxicity on rat cerebellar granule cells in culture
    • Kim WK, Pae YS. 1996. Involvement of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and free radical in homocysteine-mediated toxicity on rat cerebellar granule cells in culture. Neurosci Lett 216:117-120.
    • (1996) Neurosci Lett , vol.216 , pp. 117-120
    • Kim, W.K.1    Pae, Y.S.2
  • 24
    • 0018096158 scopus 로고
    • Methionine requirement and replacement by homocysteine in tissue cultures of selected rodent and human malignant and normal cells
    • Kreis W, Goodenow M. 1987. Methionine requirement and replacement by homocysteine in tissue cultures of selected rodent and human malignant and normal cells. Cancer Res 38:2259-2262.
    • (1987) Cancer Res , vol.38 , pp. 2259-2262
    • Kreis, W.1    Goodenow, M.2
  • 25
    • 0034666267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine elicits a DNA damage response in neurons that promotes apoptosis and hypersensitivity to excitotoxicity
    • Kruman II, Culmsee C, Chan SL, Kruman Y, Guo Z, Penix L, Mattson MP. 2000. Homocysteine elicits a DNA damage response in neurons that promotes apoptosis and hypersensitivity to excitotoxicity. J Neurosci 20:6920-6926.
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 6920-6926
    • Kruman, I.I.1    Culmsee, C.2    Chan, S.L.3    Kruman, Y.4    Guo, Z.5    Penix, L.6    Mattson, M.P.7
  • 26
    • 0032889343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of cognitive impairment in the elderly: Homocysteine is an early marker
    • Lehmann M, Gottfries CG, Regland B. 1999. Identification of cognitive impairment in the elderly: Homocysteine is an early marker. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 10:12-20.
    • (1999) Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord , vol.10 , pp. 12-20
    • Lehmann, M.1    Gottfries, C.G.2    Regland, B.3
  • 27
    • 0026613626 scopus 로고
    • Folate, vitamin B12 and cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease
    • Levitt AJ, Karlinsky H. 1992. Folate, vitamin B12 and cognitive impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Acta Psychiatr Scand 86:301-305.
    • (1992) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.86 , pp. 301-305
    • Levitt, A.J.1    Karlinsky, H.2
  • 30
    • 0019198758 scopus 로고
    • Two conductance mechanisms activated by applications of L-glutamic, L-aspartic, DL-homocysteic, N-methyl-D-aspartic, and DL-kainic acids to cultured mammalian central neurones
    • MacDonald JF, Wojtowicz JM. 1980. Two conductance mechanisms activated by applications of L-glutamic, L-aspartic, DL-homocysteic, N-methyl-D-aspartic, and DL-kainic acids to cultured mammalian central neurones. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 58:1393-1397.
    • (1980) Can J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.58 , pp. 1393-1397
    • MacDonald, J.F.1    Wojtowicz, J.M.2
  • 31
    • 0025273543 scopus 로고
    • Antigenic changes similar to those seen in neurofibrillary tangles are elicited by glutamate and Ca2+ influx in cultured hippocampal neurons
    • Mattson MP. 1990. Antigenic changes similar to those seen in neurofibrillary tangles are elicited by glutamate and Ca2+ influx in cultured hippocampal neurons. Neuron 4:105-117.
    • (1990) Neuron , vol.4 , pp. 105-117
    • Mattson, M.P.1
  • 32
    • 0028225230 scopus 로고
    • Familial Alzheimer's disease and vitamin B12 deficiency
    • McCaddon A, Kelly CL. 1992. Familial Alzheimer's disease and vitamin B12 deficiency. Age Ageing 23:334-337.
    • (1992) Age Ageing , vol.23 , pp. 334-337
    • McCaddon, A.1    Kelly, C.L.2
  • 33
    • 0003088670 scopus 로고
    • Biological transmethylation methyl-group neogenesis and other one carbon metabolic reactions dependent upon tetrahydrofolic acid
    • Florkin M, Stot EH, editors. Amsterdam: Elsevier
    • Mudd SH, Cantoni GL. 1964. Biological transmethylation methyl-group neogenesis and other one carbon metabolic reactions dependent upon tetrahydrofolic acid. In: Florkin M, Stot EH, editors. Comprehensive Biochemistry, Vol 15. Amsterdam: Elsevier. p 147.
    • (1964) Comprehensive Biochemistry , vol.15 , pp. 147
    • Mudd, S.H.1    Cantoni, G.L.2
  • 34
    • 0028136375 scopus 로고
    • Plasma homocysteine in relation to serum cobalamin and blood folate in a psychogeriatric population
    • Nilsson K, Gustafson L, Faldt R, Anderson A, Hultberg B. 1994. Plasma homocysteine in relation to serum cobalamin and blood folate in a psychogeriatric population. Eur J Clin Invest 24:600-606.
    • (1994) Eur J Clin Invest , vol.24 , pp. 600-606
    • Nilsson, K.1    Gustafson, L.2    Faldt, R.3    Anderson, A.4    Hultberg, B.5
  • 35
    • 0031894738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related changes in cobalamin (vitamin B12) handling: Implications for therapy
    • Nilsson-Ehle H. 1998. Age-related changes in cobalamin (vitamin B12) handling: Implications for therapy. Drugs Aging 12:277-292.
    • (1998) Drugs Aging , vol.12 , pp. 277-292
    • Nilsson-Ehle, H.1
  • 36
    • 0031912995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamate receptors in the central nervous system
    • Ozawa S, Kamiya H, Tsuzuki K. 1998. Glutamate receptors in the central nervous system. Prog Neurobiol 54:581-618.
    • (1998) Prog Neurobiol , vol.54 , pp. 581-618
    • Ozawa, S.1    Kamiya, H.2    Tsuzuki, K.3
  • 37
    • 0029034774 scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of MAP kinase: Kinase blocks the differentiation of PC-12 cells induced by nerve growth factor
    • Pang L, Sawada T, Decker SJ, Saltiel AR. 1995. Inhibition of MAP kinase: Kinase blocks the differentiation of PC-12 cells induced by nerve growth factor. J Biol Chem 270:13585-13588.
    • (1995) J Biol Chem , vol.270 , pp. 13585-13588
    • Pang, L.1    Sawada, T.2    Decker, S.J.3    Saltiel, A.R.4
  • 38
    • 0031719228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro effect of the cysteine metabolites homocysteic acid, homocysteine and cysteic acid upon human neuronal cell lines
    • Parsons RB, Waring RH, Ramsden DB, Williams AC. 1998. In vitro effect of the cysteine metabolites homocysteic acid, homocysteine and cysteic acid upon human neuronal cell lines. Neurotoxicology 19:599-603.
    • (1998) Neurotoxicology , vol.19 , pp. 599-603
    • Parsons, R.B.1    Waring, R.H.2    Ramsden, D.B.3    Williams, A.C.4
  • 39
    • 0031749213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamins B12, B6 and folate as determinants of homocysteine concentration in the healthy population
    • Pietrzik K, Bronstrup A. 1998. Vitamins B12, B6 and folate as determinants of homocysteine concentration in the healthy population. Eur J Pediatr 157(Suppl):135-138.
    • (1998) Eur J Pediatr , vol.157 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 135-138
    • Pietrzik, K.1    Bronstrup, A.2
  • 41
    • 0023822466 scopus 로고
    • Low B12 levels related to high activity of platelet MAO in patients with dementia disorders: A retrospective study
    • Regland B, Gottfries CG, Oreland L, Svennerholm L. 1988. Low B12 levels related to high activity of platelet MAO in patients with dementia disorders: A retrospective study. Acta Psychiatr Scand 78:451-457.
    • (1988) Acta Psychiatr Scand , vol.78 , pp. 451-457
    • Regland, B.1    Gottfries, C.G.2    Oreland, L.3    Svennerholm, L.4
  • 42
    • 0031007673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased surface phosphatidylserine is an early marker of neuronal apoptosis
    • Rimon G, Bazenet CE, Philpott KL, Rubin LL. 1997. Increased surface phosphatidylserine is an early marker of neuronal apoptosis. J Neurosci Res 48:563-570.
    • (1997) J Neurosci Res , vol.48 , pp. 563-570
    • Rimon, G.1    Bazenet, C.E.2    Philpott, K.L.3    Rubin, L.L.4
  • 43
    • 0035371236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NMDA receptor stimulation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor upregulate homer 1a mRNA via the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in cultured cerebellar granule cells
    • Sato M, Suzuki K, Shigetada Nakanishi S. 2001. NMDA receptor stimulation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor upregulate homer 1a mRNA via the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in cultured cerebellar granule cells. J Neurosci 21:3797-3805.
    • (2001) J Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 3797-3805
    • Sato, M.1    Suzuki, K.2    Shigetada Nakanishi, S.3
  • 45
    • 0030986545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-amyloid and ionophore-mediated calcium influx evoke neurodegeneration by distinct intracellular pathways: Differential involvement of the calpain/protein kinase C system
    • Shea TB, Parabhakar S, Ekinci FJ. 1997a. Beta-amyloid and ionophore-mediated calcium influx evoke neurodegeneration by distinct intracellular pathways: Differential involvement of the calpain/protein kinase C system. J Neurosci Res 49:759-768.
    • (1997) J Neurosci Res , vol.49 , pp. 759-768
    • Shea, T.B.1    Parabhakar, S.2    Ekinci, F.J.3
  • 46
    • 0033086325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine and a-lipoic acid regulate p44/42 MAP kinase phosphorylation in NIH3T3 cells
    • Shi SS, Day RM, Halpner AD, Blumberg JB, Suzuki YJ. 1999. Homocysteine and a-lipoic acid regulate p44/42 MAP kinase phosphorylation in NIH3T3 cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 1:123-128.
    • (1999) Antioxid Redox Signal , vol.1 , pp. 123-128
    • Shi, S.S.1    Day, R.M.2    Halpner, A.D.3    Blumberg, J.B.4    Suzuki, Y.J.5
  • 47
    • 0033528286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of microglial cells by PrP and β-amyloid fragments raises intracellular calcium through L-type voltage sensitive calcium channels
    • Silei V, Fabrizi C, Venturini G, Salmona M, Bugiani O, Tagliavini F, Lauro GM. 1999. Activation of microglial cells by PrP and β-amyloid fragments raises intracellular calcium through L-type voltage sensitive calcium channels. Brain Res 818:168-170.
    • (1999) Brain Res , vol.818 , pp. 168-170
    • Silei, V.1    Fabrizi, C.2    Venturini, G.3    Salmona, M.4    Bugiani, O.5    Tagliavini, F.6    Lauro, G.M.7
  • 48
    • 0030563181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperhomocysteinemia
    • Sobra J. 1996. Hyperhomocysteinemia. Cas Lek Cesk 135:266-269.
    • (1996) Cas Lek Cesk , vol.135 , pp. 266-269
    • Sobra, J.1
  • 49
    • 0035884914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperosmotic stress-induced apoptosis and tau phosphorylation in human neuroblastoma cells
    • Stoothoff WH, Johnson GVW. 2001. Hyperosmotic stress-induced apoptosis and tau phosphorylation in human neuroblastoma cells. Neurosci Res 65:573-582.
    • (2001) Neurosci Res , vol.65 , pp. 573-582
    • Stoothoff, W.H.1    Johnson, G.V.W.2
  • 50
    • 0029058838 scopus 로고
    • Decreased methionine adenosyltransferase activity in erythrocytes of patients with dementia disorders
    • Trolin CG, Regland B, Oreland L. 1995. Decreased methionine adenosyltransferase activity in erythrocytes of patients with dementia disorders. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 5:107-114.
    • (1995) Eur Neuropsychopharmacol , vol.5 , pp. 107-114
    • Trolin, C.G.1    Regland, B.2    Oreland, L.3
  • 51
    • 0031035954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amyloid β protein potentiates Ca2+ influx through L-type voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels: A possible involvement of free radicals
    • Ueda K, Shinohara S, Yagami T, Asakura K, Kawasaki K. 1997. Amyloid β protein potentiates Ca2+ influx through L-type voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels: A possible involvement of free radicals. J Neurochem 68:265-271.
    • (1997) J Neurochem , vol.68 , pp. 265-271
    • Ueda, K.1    Shinohara, S.2    Yagami, T.3    Asakura, K.4    Kawasaki, K.5
  • 52
    • 0024371483 scopus 로고
    • Rapid appearance of hypomethylated DNA in livers of rats fed cancer-promoting, methyl deficient diets
    • Wainfan E, Dixik M, Stender M, Christman JK. 1989. Rapid appearance of hypomethylated DNA in livers of rats fed cancer-promoting, methyl deficient diets. Cancer Res 49:4094-4097.
    • (1989) Cancer Res , vol.49 , pp. 4094-4097
    • Wainfan, E.1    Dixik, M.2    Stender, M.3    Christman, J.K.4
  • 53
    • 0035093878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homocysteine potentiates copper- and amyloid β peptide-mediated toxicity in primary cultures: Possible risk factors in the Alzheimer's-type neurodegenerative pathways
    • White AR, Huang X, Jobling MF, Barrow CH, Beyreuther K, Masters CL, Bush Al, Cappai R. 2001. Homocysteine potentiates copper- and amyloid β peptide-mediated toxicity in primary cultures: Possible risk factors in the Alzheimer's-type neurodegenerative pathways. J Neurochem 76:1509-1520.
    • (2001) J Neurochem , vol.76 , pp. 1509-1520
    • White, A.R.1    Huang, X.2    Jobling, M.F.3    Barrow, C.H.4    Beyreuther, K.5    Masters, C.L.6    Bush, A.I.7    Cappai, R.8
  • 54
    • 0023176797 scopus 로고
    • Kinetic and catalytic mechanism of Hha
    • Wu JC, Santi DV. 1987. Kinetic and catalytic mechanism of Hha. J Biol Chem 262:4778-4786.
    • (1987) J Biol Chem , vol.262 , pp. 4778-4786
    • Wu, J.C.1    Santi, D.V.2
  • 55
    • 0032239334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The danger of B12 deficiency in the elderly
    • Wynn M, Wynn A. 1998a. The danger of B12 deficiency in the elderly. Nutr Health 12:215-226.
    • (1998) Nutr Health , vol.12 , pp. 215-226
    • Wynn, M.1    Wynn, A.2
  • 56
    • 0031630508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fortification of grain products with folate: Should Britain follow the American example?
    • Wynn M, Wynn A. 1998b. Fortification of grain products with folate: Should Britain follow the American example? Nutr Health 12:147-161.
    • (1998) Nutr Health , vol.12 , pp. 147-161
    • Wynn, M.1    Wynn, A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.