메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 12, Issue 5, 2002, Pages 405-416

Skin colour and skin cancer - MC1R, the genetic link

Author keywords

Basal cell carcinoma; CDKN2A; Epidemiology; MC1R; Melanoma genetics; Solar keratosis; Squamous cell carcinoma

Indexed keywords

ARGININE; CYSTEINE; HISTIDINE; MELANOCORTIN 1 RECEPTOR; TRYPTOPHAN; ASPARTIC ACID; CORTICOTROPIN RECEPTOR; CYSTINE; MELANOCORTIN RECEPTOR;

EID: 0036753176     PISSN: 09608931     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00008390-200209000-00001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (196)

References (79)
  • 2
    • 0029548624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of sun exposure and skin cancer
    • Armstrong BK, Kricker A. Epidemiology of sun exposure and skin cancer. Cancer Surv 1996; 26: 133-153.
    • (1996) Cancer Surv , vol.26 , pp. 133-153
    • Armstrong, B.K.1    Kricker, A.2
  • 3
    • 10544248979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skin cancer in a subtropical Australian population: Incidence and lack of association with occupation
    • The Nambour Study Group
    • Green A, Battistutta D, Hart V, Leslie D, Weedon D. Skin cancer in a subtropical Australian population: Incidence and lack of association with occupation. The Nambour Study Group. Am J Epidemiol 1996; 144: 1034-1040.
    • (1996) Am J Epidemiol , vol.144 , pp. 1034-1040
    • Green, A.1    Battistutta, D.2    Hart, V.3    Leslie, D.4    Weedon, D.5
  • 4
    • 0033860093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanins, melanogenesis and melanocytes: Looking at their functional significance from the chemist's viewpoint
    • Prota G. Melanins, melanogenesis and melanocytes: Looking at their functional significance from the chemist's viewpoint. Pigment Cell Res 2000; 13: 283-293.
    • (2000) Pigment Cell Res , vol.13 , pp. 283-293
    • Prota, G.1
  • 5
    • 0032170736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human pigmentation genetics: The difference is only skin deep
    • Sturm RA, Box NF, Ramsay M. Human pigmentation genetics: The difference is only skin deep. Bioessays 1998; 20: 712-721.
    • (1998) Bioessays , vol.20 , pp. 712-721
    • Sturm, R.A.1    Box, N.F.2    Ramsay, M.3
  • 6
    • 0035904403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human pigmentation genes: Identification, structure and consequences of polymorphic variation
    • Sturm RA, Teasdale RD, Box NF: Human pigmentation genes: Identification, structure and consequences of polymorphic variation. Gene 2001; 277: 49-62.
    • (2001) Gene , vol.277 , pp. 49-62
    • Sturm, R.A.1    Teasdale, R.D.2    Box, N.F.3
  • 8
    • 0033778117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aberrant pH of melanosomes in pink-eyed dilution (p) mutant melanocytes
    • Puri N, Gardner JM, Brilliant MH. Aberrant pH of melanosomes in pink-eyed dilution (p) mutant melanocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2000; 115: 607-613.
    • (2000) J Invest Dermatol , vol.115 , pp. 607-613
    • Puri, N.1    Gardner, J.M.2    Brilliant, M.H.3
  • 9
    • 0035425773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanosomal pH controls rate of melanogenesis, eumelanin/phaeomelanin ratio and melanosome maturation in melanocytes and melanoma cells
    • Ancans J, Tobin DJ, Hoogduijn MJ, Smit NP, Wakamatsu K, Thody AJ. Melanosomal pH controls rate of melanogenesis, eumelanin/phaeomelanin ratio and melanosome maturation in melanocytes and melanoma cells. Exp Cell Res 2001; 268: 26-35.
    • (2001) Exp Cell Res , vol.268 , pp. 26-35
    • Ancans, J.1    Tobin, D.J.2    Hoogduijn, M.J.3    Smit, N.P.4    Wakamatsu, K.5    Thody, A.J.6
  • 10
    • 0029031626 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of melanogenic protein expression during the switch from eu- to pheomelanogenesis
    • Kobayashi T, Vieira WD, Potterf B, Sakai C, Imokawa G, Hearing VJ. Modulation of melanogenic protein expression during the switch from eu- to pheomelanogenesis. J Cell Sci 1995; 108: 2301-2309.
    • (1995) J Cell Sci , vol.108 , pp. 2301-2309
    • Kobayashi, T.1    Vieira, W.D.2    Potterf, B.3    Sakai, C.4    Imokawa, G.5    Hearing, V.J.6
  • 11
    • 0029382806 scopus 로고
    • The pinkeyed-dilution protein and the eumelanin/pheomelanin switch: In support of a unifying hypothesis
    • Lamoreux ML, Zhou BK, Rosemblat S, Orlow SJ. The pinkeyed-dilution protein and the eumelanin/pheomelanin switch: In support of a unifying hypothesis. Pigment Cell Res 1995; 8: 263-270.
    • (1995) Pigment Cell Res , vol.8 , pp. 263-270
    • Lamoreux, M.L.1    Zhou, B.K.2    Rosemblat, S.3    Orlow, S.J.4
  • 12
    • 0026731363 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning and expression of the human melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor cDNA
    • Chhajlani V, Wikberg JE. Molecular cloning and expression of the human melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor cDNA. FEBS Lett 1992; 309: 417-420.
    • (1992) FEBS Lett , vol.309 , pp. 417-420
    • Chhajlani, V.1    Wikberg, J.E.2
  • 13
    • 0026800892 scopus 로고
    • The cloning of a family of genes that encode the melanocortin receptors
    • Mountjoy KG, Robbins LS, Mortrud MT, Cone RD. The cloning of a family of genes that encode the melanocortin receptors. Science 1992; 257: 1248-1251.
    • (1992) Science , vol.257 , pp. 1248-1251
    • Mountjoy, K.G.1    Robbins, L.S.2    Mortrud, M.T.3    Cone, R.D.4
  • 14
    • 0032174943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does alpha-MSH have a role in regulating skin pigmentation in humans?
    • Thody AJ, Graham A. Does alpha-MSH have a role in regulating skin pigmentation in humans? Pigment Cell Res 1998; 11: 265-274.
    • (1998) Pigment Cell Res , vol.11 , pp. 265-274
    • Thody, A.J.1    Graham, A.2
  • 15
    • 0030218918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetics of pigmentation: From fancy genes to complex traits
    • Barsh GS. The genetics of pigmentation: From fancy genes to complex traits. Trends Genet 1996; 12: 299-305.
    • (1996) Trends Genet , vol.12 , pp. 299-305
    • Barsh, G.S.1
  • 16
    • 0035089363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tyrosine levels regulate the melanogenic response to alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in human melanocytes: Implications for pigmentation and proliferation
    • Schwahn DJ, Xu W, Herrin AB, Bales ES, Medrano EE. Tyrosine levels regulate the melanogenic response to alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in human melanocytes: Implications for pigmentation and proliferation. Pigment Cell Res 2001; 14: 32-39.
    • (2001) Pigment Cell Res , vol.14 , pp. 32-39
    • Schwahn, D.J.1    Xu, W.2    Herrin, A.B.3    Bales, E.S.4    Medrano, E.E.5
  • 17
    • 0031828003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microphthalmia gene product as a signal transducer in cAMP-induced differentiation of melanocytes
    • Bertolotto C, Abbe P, Hemesath TJ, Bille K, Fisher DE, Ortonne JP, et al. Microphthalmia gene product as a signal transducer in cAMP-induced differentiation of melanocytes. J Cell Biol 1998; 142: 827-835.
    • (1998) J Cell Biol , vol.142 , pp. 827-835
    • Bertolotto, C.1    Abbe, P.2    Hemesath, T.J.3    Bille, K.4    Fisher, D.E.5    Ortonne, J.P.6
  • 18
    • 0032484206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone signaling regulates expression of microphthalmia, a gene deficient in Waardenburg syndrome
    • Price ER, Horstmann MA, Wells AG, Weilbaecher KN, Takemoto CM, Landis MW, et al. Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone signaling regulates expression of microphthalmia, a gene deficient in Waardenburg syndrome. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 33042-33047.
    • (1998) J Biol Chem , vol.273 , pp. 33042-33047
    • Price, E.R.1    Horstmann, M.A.2    Wells, A.G.3    Weilbaecher, K.N.4    Takemoto, C.M.5    Landis, M.W.6
  • 19
    • 0031963866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of the cyclic AMP pathway by alpha-melanotropin mediates the response of human melanocytes to ultraviolet B radiation
    • Im S, Moro O, Peng F, Medrano EE, Cornelius J, Babcock G, et al. Activation of the cyclic AMP pathway by alpha-melanotropin mediates the response of human melanocytes to ultraviolet B radiation. Cancer Res 1998; 58: 47-54.
    • (1998) Cancer Res , vol.58 , pp. 47-54
    • Im, S.1    Moro, O.2    Peng, F.3    Medrano, E.E.4    Cornelius, J.5    Babcock, G.6
  • 20
    • 0031844198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelin-1 is a paracrine growth factor that modulates melanogenesis of human melanocytes and participates in their responses to ultraviolet radiation
    • Tada A, Suzuki I, Im S, Davis MB, Cornelius J, Babcock G, et al. Endothelin-1 is a paracrine growth factor that modulates melanogenesis of human melanocytes and participates in their responses to ultraviolet radiation. Cell Growth Differ 1998; 9: 575-584.
    • (1998) Cell Growth Differ , vol.9 , pp. 575-584
    • Tada, A.1    Suzuki, I.2    Im, S.3    Davis, M.B.4    Cornelius, J.5    Babcock, G.6
  • 22
    • 0034127724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclic AMP is a key messenger in the regulation of skin pigmentation
    • Busca R, Ballotti R. Cyclic AMP is a key messenger in the regulation of skin pigmentation. Pigment Cell Res 2000; 13: 60-69.
    • (2000) Pigment Cell Res , vol.13 , pp. 60-69
    • Busca, R.1    Ballotti, R.2
  • 23
    • 0034309807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased eumelanin expression and tanning is induced by a superpotent melanotropin [Nle4-D-Phe7]-alpha-MSH in humans
    • Dorr RT, Dvorakova K, Brooks C, Lines R, Levine N, Schram K, et al. Increased eumelanin expression and tanning is induced by a superpotent melanotropin [Nle4-D-Phe7]-alpha-MSH in humans. Photochem Photobiol 2000; 72: 526-532.
    • (2000) Photochem Photobiol , vol.72 , pp. 526-532
    • Dorr, R.T.1    Dvorakova, K.2    Brooks, C.3    Lines, R.4    Levine, N.5    Schram, K.6
  • 24
    • 0028091349 scopus 로고
    • Mapping of the gene encoding the melanocortin-1 (alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone) receptor (MC1R) to human chromosome 16q24.3 by fluorescence in situ hybridization
    • Gantz I, Yamada T, Tashiro T, Konda Y, Shimoto Y, Miwa H, et al. Mapping of the gene encoding the melanocortin-1 (alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone) receptor (MC1R) to human chromosome 16q24.3 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genomics 1994; 19: 394-395.
    • (1994) Genomics , vol.19 , pp. 394-395
    • Gantz, I.1    Yamada, T.2    Tashiro, T.3    Konda, Y.4    Shimoto, Y.5    Miwa, H.6
  • 25
    • 0028485229 scopus 로고
    • Mapping of the ACTH, MSH, and neural (MC3 and MC4) melanocortin receptors in the mouse and human
    • Magenis RE, Smith L, Nadeau JH, Johnson KR, Mountjoy KG, Cone RD. Mapping of the ACTH, MSH, and neural (MC3 and MC4) melanocortin receptors in the mouse and human. Mamm Genome 1994; 5: 503-508.
    • (1994) Mamm Genome , vol.5 , pp. 503-508
    • Magenis, R.E.1    Smith, L.2    Nadeau, J.H.3    Johnson, K.R.4    Mountjoy, K.G.5    Cone, R.D.6
  • 26
    • 0033610058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the promoter region of the human melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene
    • Moro O, Ideta R, Ifuku O. Characterization of the promoter region of the human melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 262: 452-460.
    • (1999) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.262 , pp. 452-460
    • Moro, O.1    Ideta, R.2    Ifuku, O.3
  • 27
    • 0034924340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human DNA sequence variation in a 6.6-kb region containing the melanocortin 1 receptor promoter
    • Makova KD, Ramsay M, Jenkins T, Li WH. Human DNA sequence variation in a 6.6-kb region containing the melanocortin 1 receptor promoter. Genetics 2001; 158: 1253-1268.
    • (2001) Genetics , vol.158 , pp. 1253-1268
    • Makova, K.D.1    Ramsay, M.2    Jenkins, T.3    Li, W.H.4
  • 28
    • 0035960920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human melanocortin-1 receptor locus: Analysis of transcription unit, locus polymorphism and haplotype evolution
    • Smith AG, Box NF, Marks LH, Chen W, Smit DJ, Wyeth JR, et al. The human melanocortin-1 receptor locus: Analysis of transcription unit, locus polymorphism and haplotype evolution. Gene 2001; 281: 81-94.
    • (2001) Gene , vol.281 , pp. 81-94
    • Smith, A.G.1    Box, N.F.2    Marks, L.H.3    Chen, W.4    Smit, D.J.5    Wyeth, J.R.6
  • 30
    • 0028786945 scopus 로고
    • Variants of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor gene are associated with red hair and fair skin in humans
    • Valverde P, Healy E, Jackson I, Rees JL, Thody AJ. Variants of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor gene are associated with red hair and fair skin in humans. Nat Genet 1995; 11: 328-330.
    • (1995) Nat Genet , vol.11 , pp. 328-330
    • Valverde, P.1    Healy, E.2    Jackson, I.3    Rees, J.L.4    Thody, A.J.5
  • 31
    • 0030782275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of melanocyte stimulating hormone variant alleles in twins with red hair
    • Box NF, Wyeth JR, O'Gorman LE, Martin NG, Sturm RA. Characterization of melanocyte stimulating hormone variant alleles in twins with red hair. Hum Mol Genet 1997; 6: 1891-1897.
    • (1997) Hum Mol Genet , vol.6 , pp. 1891-1897
    • Box, N.F.1    Wyeth, J.R.2    O'Gorman, L.E.3    Martin, N.G.4    Sturm, R.A.5
  • 32
    • 0031012096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of common polymorphisms in the coding sequence of the human MSH receptor (MCIR) with possible biological effects
    • Koppula SV, Robbins LS, Lu D, Baack E, White CR Jr, Swanson NA, et al. Identification of common polymorphisms in the coding sequence of the human MSH receptor (MCIR) with possible biological effects. Hum Mutat 1997; 9: 30-36.
    • (1997) Hum Mutat , vol.9 , pp. 30-36
    • Koppula, S.V.1    Robbins, L.S.2    Lu, D.3    Baack, E.4    White C.R., Jr.5    Swanson, N.A.6
  • 34
    • 0034641860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pleiotropic effects of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene on human pigmentation
    • Flanagan N, Healy E, Ray A, Philips S, Todd C, Jackson IJ, et al. Pleiotropic effects of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene on human pigmentation. Hum Mol Genet 2000; 9: 2531-2537.
    • (2000) Hum Mol Genet , vol.9 , pp. 2531-2537
    • Flanagan, N.1    Healy, E.2    Ray, A.3    Philips, S.4    Todd, C.5    Jackson, I.J.6
  • 36
    • 0034876264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A polymorphism study of the human agouti gene and its association with MC1R
    • Voisey J, Box NF, van Daal A. A polymorphism study of the human agouti gene and its association with MC1R. Pigment Cell Res 2001; 14: 264-267.
    • (2001) Pigment Cell Res , vol.14 , pp. 264-267
    • Voisey, J.1    Box, N.F.2    Van Daal, A.3
  • 37
    • 0035500953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence polymorphism in the human melanocortin 1 receptor gene as an indicator of the red hair phenotype
    • Grimes EA, Noake PJ, Dixon L, Urquhart A. Sequence polymorphism in the human melanocortin 1 receptor gene as an indicator of the red hair phenotype. Forensic Sci Int 2001; 122: 124-129.
    • (2001) Forensic Sci Int , vol.122 , pp. 124-129
    • Grimes, E.A.1    Noake, P.J.2    Dixon, L.3    Urquhart, A.4
  • 39
    • 0036550115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Four novel variants in MC1R in red-haired South African individuals of European descent: S83P, Y152X, A171D, P256S
    • John PR, Ramsay M. Four novel variants in MC1R in red-haired South African individuals of European descent: S83P, Y152X, A171D, P256S. Hum Mutat 2002; 19: 461-462.
    • (2002) Hum Mutat , vol.19 , pp. 461-462
    • John, P.R.1    Ramsay, M.2
  • 42
    • 0033910271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanocortin-1 receptor polymorphisms and risk of melanoma: Is the association explained solely by pigmentation phenotype?
    • Palmer JS, Duffy DL, Box NF, Aitken JF, O'Gorman LE, Green AC, et al. Melanocortin-1 receptor polymorphisms and risk of melanoma: Is the association explained solely by pigmentation phenotype? Am J Hum Genet 2000; 66: 176-186.
    • (2000) Am J Hum Genet , vol.66 , pp. 176-186
    • Palmer, J.S.1    Duffy, D.L.2    Box, N.F.3    Aitken, J.F.4    O'Gorman, L.E.5    Green, A.C.6
  • 43
  • 44
    • 0035068231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanocortin-1 receptor gene variants determine the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer independently of fair skin and red hair
    • Bastiaens MT, Huurne JA, Kielich C, Gruis NA, Westendorp RG, Vermeer BJ, et al. Melanocortin-1 receptor gene variants determine the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer independently of fair skin and red hair. Am J Hum Genet 2001; 68: 884-894.
    • (2001) Am J Hum Genet , vol.68 , pp. 884-894
    • Bastiaens, M.T.1    Huurne, J.A.2    Kielich, C.3    Gruis, N.A.4    Westendorp, R.G.5    Vermeer, B.J.6
  • 45
    • 0035722059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene variants are associated with an increased risk for cutaneous melanoma which is largely independent of skin type and hair color
    • Kennedy C, ter Huurne J, Berkhout M, Gruis N, Bastiaens M, Bergman W, et al. Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene variants are associated with an increased risk for cutaneous melanoma which is largely independent of skin type and hair color. J Invest Dermatol 2001; 117: 294-300.
    • (2001) J Invest Dermatol , vol.117 , pp. 294-300
    • Kennedy, C.1    Ter Huurne, J.2    Berkhout, M.3    Gruis, N.4    Bastiaens, M.5    Bergman, W.6
  • 46
    • 0029153708 scopus 로고
    • Risk of cutaneous melanoma associated with pigmentation characteristics and freckling: Systematic overview of 10 case-control studies
    • The International Melanoma Analysis Group (IMAGE)
    • Bliss JM, Ford D, Swerdlow AJ, Armstrong BK, Cristofolini M, Elwood JM, et al. Risk of cutaneous melanoma associated with pigmentation characteristics and freckling: Systematic overview of 10 case-control studies. The International Melanoma Analysis Group (IMAGE). Int J Cancer 1995; 62: 367-376.
    • (1995) Int J Cancer , vol.62 , pp. 367-376
    • Bliss, J.M.1    Ford, D.2    Swerdlow, A.J.3    Armstrong, B.K.4    Cristofolini, M.5    Elwood, J.M.6
  • 47
    • 0030849404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanocortin receptors, red hair, and skin cancer
    • Rees JL, Healy E. Melanocortin receptors, red hair, and skin cancer. J Invest Dermatol Symp Proc 1997; 2: 94-98.
    • (1997) J Invest Dermatol Symp Proc , vol.2 , pp. 94-98
    • Rees, J.L.1    Healy, E.2
  • 49
    • 0029839525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Asp84Glu variant of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) is associated with melanoma
    • Valverde P, Healy E, Sikkink S, Haldane F, Thody AJ, Carothers A, et al. The Asp84Glu variant of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) is associated with melanoma. Hum Mol Genet 1996; 5: 1663-1666.
    • (1996) Hum Mol Genet , vol.5 , pp. 1663-1666
    • Valverde, P.1    Healy, E.2    Sikkink, S.3    Haldane, F.4    Thody, A.J.5    Carothers, A.6
  • 51
    • 0002362369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanoma susceptibility: Population-based incidence of germline CDKN2A mutations in selected families with cutaneous melanoma
    • Hayward NK. Melanoma susceptibility: Population-based incidence of germline CDKN2A mutations in selected families with cutaneous melanoma. Curr Pract Med 1998; 1: 47-49.
    • (1998) Curr Pract Med , vol.1 , pp. 47-49
    • Hayward, N.K.1
  • 52
    • 0032717587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genes involved in melanoma: An overview of INK4a and other loci
    • Castellano M, Parmiani G. Genes involved in melanoma: An overview of INK4a and other loci. Melanoma Res 1999; 9: 421-432.
    • (1999) Melanoma Res , vol.9 , pp. 421-432
    • Castellano, M.1    Parmiani, G.2
  • 53
    • 0034837773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MC1R genotype modifies risk of melanoma in families segregating CDKN2A mutations
    • Box NF, Duffy DL, Chen W, Stark M, Martin NG, Sturm RA, et al. MC1R genotype modifies risk of melanoma in families segregating CDKN2A mutations. Am J Hum Genet 2001; 69: 765-773.
    • (2001) Am J Hum Genet , vol.69 , pp. 765-773
    • Box, N.F.1    Duffy, D.L.2    Chen, W.3    Stark, M.4    Martin, N.G.5    Sturm, R.A.6
  • 55
    • 0031821605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • p53 expression and risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: A case-control study
    • Whiteman DC, Parsons PG, Green AC. p53 expression and risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: A case-control study. Int J Cancer 1998; 77: 843-848.
    • (1998) Int J Cancer , vol.77 , pp. 843-848
    • Whiteman, D.C.1    Parsons, P.G.2    Green, A.C.3
  • 56
    • 0032501171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human pigmentation genes and their response to solar UV radiation
    • Sturm RA. Human pigmentation genes and their response to solar UV radiation. Mutat Res 1998; 422: 69-76.
    • (1998) Mutat Res , vol.422 , pp. 69-76
    • Sturm, R.A.1
  • 58
    • 0029863304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Binding of melanotropic hormones to the melanocortin receptor MC1R on human melanocytes stimulates proliferation and melanogenesis
    • Suzuki I, Cone RD, Im S, Nordlund J, Abdel-Malek ZA. Binding of melanotropic hormones to the melanocortin receptor MC1R on human melanocytes stimulates proliferation and melanogenesis. Endocrinology 1996; 137: 1627-1633.
    • (1996) Endocrinology , vol.137 , pp. 1627-1633
    • Suzuki, I.1    Cone, R.D.2    Im, S.3    Nordlund, J.4    Abdel-Malek, Z.A.5
  • 59
    • 0028356398 scopus 로고
    • Homologous and heterologous regulation of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptors in human and mouse melanoma cell lines
    • Siegrist W, Stutz S, Eberle AN. Homologous and heterologous regulation of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptors in human and mouse melanoma cell lines. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 2604-2610.
    • (1994) Cancer Res , vol.54 , pp. 2604-2610
    • Siegrist, W.1    Stutz, S.2    Eberle, A.N.3
  • 60
    • 0034712537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanocortin-1-receptor gene and sun sensitivity in individuals without red hair
    • Healy E, Flannagan N, Ray A, Todd C, Jackson IJ, Matthews JN, et al. Melanocortin-1-receptor gene and sun sensitivity in individuals without red hair. Lancet 2000; 355: 1072-1073.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 1072-1073
    • Healy, E.1    Flannagan, N.2    Ray, A.3    Todd, C.4    Jackson, I.J.5    Matthews, J.N.6
  • 61
    • 0035725244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between melanocortin 1 receptor genotype and experimentally assessed ultraviolet radiation sensitivity
    • Flanagan N, Ray AJ, Todd C, Birch-Machin MA, Rees JL. The relation between melanocortin 1 receptor genotype and experimentally assessed ultraviolet radiation sensitivity. J Invest Dermatol 2001; 117: 1314-1317.
    • (2001) J Invest Dermatol , vol.117 , pp. 1314-1317
    • Flanagan, N.1    Ray, A.J.2    Todd, C.3    Birch-Machin, M.A.4    Rees, J.L.5
  • 62
    • 0345084470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human pigmentation phenotype: A point mutation generates nonfunctional MSH receptor
    • Frandberg PA, Doufexis M, Kapas S, Chhajlani V. Human pigmentation phenotype: A point mutation generates nonfunctional MSH receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 245: 490-492.
    • (1998) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.245 , pp. 490-492
    • Frandberg, P.A.1    Doufexis, M.2    Kapas, S.3    Chhajlani, V.4
  • 65
    • 0028237203 scopus 로고
    • The human melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor has evolved to become 'super-sensitive' to melanocortin peptides
    • Mountjoy KG. The human melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor has evolved to become 'super-sensitive' to melanocortin peptides. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1994; 102: R7-R11.
    • (1994) Mol Cell Endocrinol , vol.102
    • Mountjoy, K.G.1
  • 66
    • 0035398487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G-protein-coupled receptors and signaling networks: Emerging paradigms
    • Marinissen MJ, Gutkind JS. G-protein-coupled receptors and signaling networks: Emerging paradigms. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2001; 22: 368-376.
    • (2001) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.22 , pp. 368-376
    • Marinissen, M.J.1    Gutkind, J.S.2
  • 67
    • 0033510265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activating mutation of GS alpha in McCune-Albright syndrome causes skin pigmentation by tyrosinase gene activation on affected melanocytes
    • Kim IS, Kim ER, Nato HJ, Chin MO, Moon YH, Oh MR, et al. Activating mutation of GS alpha in McCune-Albright syndrome causes skin pigmentation by tyrosinase gene activation on affected melanocytes. Horm Res 1999; 52: 235-240.
    • (1999) Horm Res , vol.52 , pp. 235-240
    • Kim, I.S.1    Kim, E.R.2    Nato, H.J.3    Chin, M.O.4    Moon, Y.H.5    Oh, M.R.6
  • 68
  • 69
    • 0030293901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Binding and internalization of the melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor ligand [Nle4, D-Phe7] alpha-MSH in B16 melanoma cells
    • Wong W, Minchin RF. Binding and internalization of the melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor ligand [Nle4, D-Phe7] alpha-MSH in B16 melanoma cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 1996; 28: 1223-1232.
    • (1996) Int J Biochem Cell Biol , vol.28 , pp. 1223-1232
    • Wong, W.1    Minchin, R.F.2
  • 70
  • 71
    • 0034704906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G-protein-coupled receptors function as oligomers in vivo
    • Overton MC, Blumer KJ. G-protein-coupled receptors function as oligomers in vivo. Curr Biol 2000; 10: 341-344.
    • (2000) Curr Biol , vol.10 , pp. 341-344
    • Overton, M.C.1    Blumer, K.J.2
  • 72
    • 0033362023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A major QTL for mole density is linked to the familial melanoma gene CDKN2A: A maximum likelihood combined linkage and association analysis in twins and their sibs
    • Zhu G, Duffy DL, Eldridge A, Grace M, Mayne C, O'Gorman L, et al. A major QTL for mole density is linked to the familial melanoma gene CDKN2A: A maximum likelihood combined linkage and association analysis in twins and their sibs. Am J Hum Genet 1999; 65: 483-492.
    • (1999) Am J Hum Genet , vol.65 , pp. 483-492
    • Zhu, G.1    Duffy, D.L.2    Eldridge, A.3    Grace, M.4    Mayne, C.5    O'Gorman, L.6
  • 73
    • 0036468278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone potentiates p16/CDKN2A expression in human skin after ultraviolet irradiation
    • Pavey S, Gabrielli B. Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone potentiates p16/CDKN2A expression in human skin after ultraviolet irradiation. Cancer Res 2002; 62: 875-880.
    • (2002) Cancer Res , vol.62 , pp. 875-880
    • Pavey, S.1    Gabrielli, B.2
  • 74
    • 0033572879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of a cAMP pathway and induction of melanogenesis correlate with association of p16(INK4) and p27(KIP1) to CDKs, loss of E2F-binding activity, and premature senescence of human melanocytes
    • Haddad MM, Xu W, Schwahn DJ, Liao F, Medrano EE. Activation of a cAMP pathway and induction of melanogenesis correlate with association of p16(INK4) and p27(KIP1) to CDKs, loss of E2F-binding activity, and premature senescence of human melanocytes. Exp Cell Res 1999; 253: 561-572.
    • (1999) Exp Cell Res , vol.253 , pp. 561-572
    • Haddad, M.M.1    Xu, W.2    Schwahn, D.J.3    Liao, F.4    Medrano, E.E.5
  • 75
    • 0033930898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanin accumulation accelerates melanocyte senescence by a mechanism involving p16INK4a/CDK4/pRB and E2F1
    • Bandyopadhyay D, Medrano EE. Melanin accumulation accelerates melanocyte senescence by a mechanism involving p16INK4a/CDK4/pRB and E2F1. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2000; 908: 71-84.
    • (2000) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.908 , pp. 71-84
    • Bandyopadhyay, D.1    Medrano, E.E.2
  • 76
    • 0031064597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pigment cell research: What directions?
    • Prota G. Pigment cell research: What directions? Pigment Cell Res 1997; 10: 5-11.
    • (1997) Pigment Cell Res , vol.10 , pp. 5-11
    • Prota, G.1
  • 77
    • 0031940949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phaeomelanin versus eumelanin as a chemical indicator of ultraviolet sensitivity in fair-skinned subjects at high risk for melanoma: A pilot study
    • Vincensi MR, d'Ischia M, Napolitano A, Procaccini EM, Riccio G, Monfrecola G, et al. Phaeomelanin versus eumelanin as a chemical indicator of ultraviolet sensitivity in fair-skinned subjects at high risk for melanoma: A pilot study. Melanoma Res 1998; 8: 53-58.
    • (1998) Melanoma Res , vol.8 , pp. 53-58
    • Vincensi, M.R.1    D'Ischia, M.2    Napolitano, A.3    Procaccini, E.M.4    Riccio, G.5    Monfrecola, G.6
  • 78
    • 0023882897 scopus 로고
    • The validity and practicality of sun-reactive skin types I through VI
    • Fitzpatrick TB. The validity and practicality of sun-reactive skin types I through VI. Arch Dermatol 1988; 124: 869-871.
    • (1988) Arch Dermatol , vol.124 , pp. 869-871
    • Fitzpatrick, T.B.1
  • 79
    • 0343694411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microanalysis of melanins in mammalian hair by alkaline hydrogen peroxide degradation: Identification of a new structural marker of pheomelanins
    • Napolitano A, Vincensi MR, Di Donato P, Monfrecola G, Prota G. Microanalysis of melanins in mammalian hair by alkaline hydrogen peroxide degradation: Identification of a new structural marker of pheomelanins. J Invest Dermatol 2000; 114: 1141-1147.
    • (2000) J Invest Dermatol , vol.114 , pp. 1141-1147
    • Napolitano, A.1    Vincensi, M.R.2    Di Donato, P.3    Monfrecola, G.4    Prota, G.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.