Age of Neoproterozoic bilatarian body and trace fossils, White Sea, Russia: Implications for metazoan evolution

Science

Volumn 288, Issue 5467, 2000, Pages 841-845

  Martin, M W ^a   Grazhdankin, D V ^a   Bowring, S A ^a   Evans, D A D ^a   Fedonkin, M A ^a   Kirschvink, J L ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LEAD; SEA WATER; URANIUM;

AGE DETERMINATION; EVOLUTION; FOSSIL; PROTEROZOIC; TRACE FOSSIL; URANIUM-LEAD DATING;

ARTICLE; FOSSIL; GEOGRAPHY; MARINE ENVIRONMENT; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RUSSIAN FEDERATION; SEA; VOLCANIC ASH;

ANIMALS; CARBON ISOTOPES; EVOLUTION; FOSSILS; GEOLOGIC SEDIMENTS; INVERTEBRATES; ISOTOPES; LEAD; PALEONTOLOGY; RUSSIA; SEAWATER; SILICATES; URANIUM; ZIRCONIUM;

RUSSIAN FEDERATION;

BILATERIA; METAZOA;

EID: 0034607695     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.288.5467.841     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. P. F. Hoffman, Science 252, 1409 (1991).
2. I. W. D. Dalziel, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 109, 16 (1997).
3. J. L. Kirschivink, in The Proterozoic Biosphere, J. W. Schopf and C. Klein, Eds. (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1992), pp. 51-52.
4. P. F. Hoffman, A. J. Kaufman, G. P Halverson, D. P. Schrag, Science 281, 1342 (1998).
5. A. H. Knoll and M. R. Walter, Nature 356, 673 (1992).
6. S. M. Pelechaty, A. J. Kaufman, J. P. Grotzinger, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 108, 992 (1995)
7. J. K. Bartley et al., Geol. Mag. 135, 473 (1998).
8. J. P. Grotzinger, S. A. Bowring, B. Z. Saylor, A. J. Kaufman, Science 270, 598 (1995).
9. G. M. Narbonne et al., Can. J. Earth Sci. 14, 1277 (1987).
10. R. J. F. Jenkins, Precambrian Res. 73, 51 (1995).
11. R. B. Macnaughton and G. M. Narbonne, Palaios 14, 97 (1999).
12. G. M. Narbonne, A. J. Kaufman, A. H. Knoll, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 106, 1281 (1994).
13. A. J. Kaufman and A. H. Knoll, Precambrian Res. 73, 27 (1995).
14. H. J. Hofmann, G. M. Narbonne, J. D. Aitken, Geology 18, 1199 (1990).
15. A. P. Benus, Bull. N.Y. State Mus. 463, 8 (1988).
16. W. Compston et al., J. Geol. Soc. London 152, 599 (1995).
17. The new date (555.3 ± 0.3 Ma) reported here suggests that the Redkino rocks along the northern Russian platform predate the Volhyn Group volcanic rocks in Poland, suggesting that either the Redkino transgression is diachronous across the Russian platform or that the correlation between Polish volcanic rocks and the Volhyn Group in the Ukraine is incorrect.
18. S. Jensen et al., Nature 393, 567 (1998).
19. J. W. Hagadorn, C. M. Fedo, B. M. Waggoner, J. Paleontol. 74, 554 (2000).
20. T. P. Crimes and D. McIlroy, Geol. Mag. 136, 633 (1999).
21. R. C. Sprigg, Trans. R. Soc. South Aust. 71, 212 (1947).
22. M. A. Fedonkin, Belomorskaya Biota Venda (Nauka, Moscow, 1981).
23. Only those taxa with "good" ratings (one, two, or three stars) were used in estimating reliable taxa reported by B. E. Runnegar, in The Proterozoic Biosphere, J. W. Schopf and C. Klein, Eds. (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1992), pp. 999-1007.
24. M. A. Fedonkin and B. M Waggoner, Nature 388, 868 (1997).
25. C. Nedin and R. J. F. Jenkins, Alcheringa 22, 315 (1998).
26. D. Grazhdankin and M. A. Fedonkin, unpublished data.
27. B. M. Waggoner, Paleobiology 25, 440 (1999).
28. A U-Pb data table and analytical details are presented in Web table 1, which is available at Science Online at www.sciencemag.org/feature/data/1047972.
29. A. Seilacher, Palaios 14, 86 (1999).
30. J. G. Gehling, thesis, University of California, Los Angeles (1996), p. 222.
31. D. H. Erwin, Am. Zool. 39, 617 (1999).
32. B. Z. Saylor et al., J. Sediment. Res. 68, 1223 (1998).
33. S. D. Pell et al., Trans. R. Soc. South Aust. 117, 153 (1993).
34. "Broad" is used here in the sense that diverse Ediacarans belonging to taxa found in Australia and Russia could have a range that begins before 555 Ma and extends until after 549 Ma.
35. A. H. Knoll and S. B. Carroll, Science 284, 2129 (1999).
36. X. Xiao, Y. Zhang, A. H. Knoll, Nature 391, 553 (1998).
37. We acknowledge support from NSF (grants EAR97-25727 to S.A.B. and EAR94-18523 to J.L.K. and a graduate research fellowship to D.A.D.E.), the Russian Fund for Basic Research (grant 99-05-64547 to M.A.F.), and the National Geographic Society (grant 6015-97 to M.A.F.). We thank P. Enos, D. Erwin, A. Knoll, W. Hagadorn, B. Hanson, E. Landing, P. Myrow, and one anonymous reviewer for helpful and critical comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. Photographs of Zimnie Gory body and trace fossils were taken by A. Bronnikov.