A newly discovered cap carbonate above varanger-age glacial deposits in Newfoundland, Canada

Journal of Sedimentary Research

Volumn 69, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 784-793

  Myrow, Paul M ^a   Kaufman, Alan J ^b  

^a and East Asian Languages   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CAP ROCK; DIAMICTITE; GLACIAL DEPOSIT; LIMESTONE; SHALLOW WATER;

CANADA;

EID: 1542345099     PISSN: 15271404     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1306/D4268A90-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. AITKEN, J.D., 1991, Two Late Proterozoic glaciations, Mackenzie Mountains, northwestern Canada: Geology, v. 19, p. 445-448.
2. ANDERSON, M.M., 1987, Late Precambrian glaciomarine sequence, Conception Group, Double Road Point, St. Mary's Bay, southeast Newfoundland, in Roy, D.C., ed., Centennial Field Guide, vol. 5: Geological Society of America, p. 473-476.
3. ANDERSON, M.M., AND KING, A.F., 1981, Precambrian tillites of the Conception Group on the Avalon Peninsula, southeastern Newfoundland, in Hambrey, M.J., and Harland, W.B., eds., Earth's Pre-Pleistocene Glacial Record: Cambridge, U.K., Cambridge University Press, p. 760-763.
4. BENUS, A.P., 1988, Sedimentological context of a deep-water Ediacaran fauna (Mistaken Point Formation, Avalon Zone.,Eastern Newfoundland), in Landing, E., Narbonne, G., and Myrow, P., eds., Trace Fossils, Small Shelly Fossils, and the Precambrian-Cambrian Boundary: New York State Museum Bulletin 463, The University of the State of New York, The State Education Department, Albany, N.Y., p. 8-9.
5. BOULTON, G.S., 1990, Sedimentary and sea level changes during glacial cycles and their control on glacimarine facies architecture, in Dowdeswell, J.A., and Scourse, J.D., eds., Glacimarine Environments: Processes and Sediments: Geological Society of London, Special Publication 53, p. 15-52.
6. BRASS, G.W., SOUTHAM, J.R., AND PETERSON, W.H., 1982, Warm saline bottom water in the ancient ocean: Nature, v. 296, p. 620-623.
7. BROECKER, W.S., 1982, Ocean chemistry during glacial times: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 46, p. 1689-1706.
8. BRÜCKNER, W.D., AND ANDERSON, M.M., 1971, Late Precambrian glacial deposits in southeastern Newfoundland, a preliminary note: Geological Association of Canada, Proceedings, v. 24, p. 95-102.
9. BURNS, S.J., AND MATTER, A., 1994, Carbon isotopic record of the latest Proterozoic from Oman: Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, v. 86, p. 596-607.
10. CHRISTIE-BLICK, N., DYSON, I.A., AND VON DER BORCH, C.C., 1995, Sequence stratigraphy and the interpretation of Neoproterozoic earth history: Precambrian Research, v. 73, p. 3-26.
11. CHRISTIE-BLICK, N., VON DER BORCH, C.C., AND DIBONA, P.A., 1990, Working hypothesis for the origin of the Wonoka canyons (Neoproterozoic), South Australia: American Journal of Science, v. 290-A, p. 295-332.
12. DALZIEL, I.W.D., 1997, Neoproterozoic-Paleozoic geography and tectonics: Review, hypothesis, environmental speculation: Geological Society of America, Bulletin, v. 109, p. 16-42.
13. DEC, T., KNIGHT, I., AND O'BRIEN, S.J., 1989, Sedimentological studies in the Eastport Basin: Notes on the petrography of the late Precambrian Connecting Point Group and provenance implications: Newfoundland Department of Mines, Geological Survey of Newfoundland, Report 89-1, Current Research, p. 63-79.
14. DEC, T., O'BRIEN, S.J., AND KNIGHT, I., 1992, Late Precambrian volcaniclastic deposits of the Avalonian Eastport Basin (Newfoundland Appalachians): petrofacies, detrital clinopyroxene geochemistry and plate tectonic implications: Precambrian Research, v. 59, p. 243-262.
15. DERRY, L.A., AND FRANCE-LANORD, C., 1996, Neogene growth of the sedimentary organic carbon reservoir: Paleoceanography, v. 11, p. 267-275.
16. DERRY, L.A., KAUFMAN, A.J., AND JACOBSON, S.B., 1992, Sedimentary cycling and environmental change in the Late Proterozoic: evidence from stable and radiogenic isotopes: Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, v. 56, p. 1317-1329.
17. DICKENS, G.R., CASTILLO, M.M., AND WALKER, J.C.G., 1997, A blast of gas in the latest Paleocene: simulating first-order effects of massive dissociation of oceanic methane hydrate: Geology, v. 25, p. 259-262.
18. DYSON, I.A., AND VON DER BORCH, C.C., 1994, Sequence stratigraphy of an incised-valley fill: the Neoproterozoic Sea Cliff Sandstone, Adelaide Geosyncline, South Australia, in Dalrymple, R.W., Boyd, R., and Zaitlin, B.A., eds., Incised-Valley Systems: Origin and Sedimentary Sequences: SEPM Special Publication 51, p. 209-222.
19. EMBLETON, B.J.J., AND WILLIAMS, G.E., 1986, Low paleolatitude of deposition for late Precambrian periglacial varvites in South Australia: implications for paleoclimatology: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 79, p. 419-430.
20. EYLES, N., AND EYLES, C.H., 1989, Glacially-influenced deep-marine sedimentation of the Late Precambrian Gaskiers Formation, Newfoundland, Canada: Sedimentology, v. 36, p. 601-620.
21. FAIRCHILD, I.J., 1993, Balmy shores and icy wastes: the paradox of carbonates associated with glacial deposits in Neoproterozoic times: Sedimentology Review, v. 1, p. 1-16.
22. FAIRCHILD, I.J., AND HAMBREY, M.J., 1984, The Vendian of NE Spitsbergen: petrogenesis of a dolomite tillite association: Precambrian Research, v. 26, p. 111-167.
23. GARDINER, S., AND HISCOTT, R.N., 1988, Deep-water facies and depositional setting of the lower Conception Group (Hadrynian), southern Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 25, p. 1579-1594.
24. GOYET, C. BRADSHAW, A.L., AND BREWER, P.G., 1991, The carbonate system in the Black Sea: Deep-Sea Research, v. 38, p. 183-206.
25. GRAVENOR, C.P., 1980, Heavy minerals and Sedimentological studies on the glaciogenic Late Precambrian Gaskiers Formation of Newfoundland: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 17, p. 1331-1341.
26. GROTZINGER, J.P., AND KNOLL, A.H., 1995, Anomalous carbonate precipitates: Is the Precambrian the key to the Permian?: PALAIOS, v. 10, p. 578-596.
27. GROTZINGER, J.P., BOWRING, S.A., SAYLOR, B.Z., AND KAUFMAN, A.J., 1995, Biostratigraphic and geochronologic constraints on early animal evolution: Science, v. 270, p. 598-604.
28. HAMBREY, M.J., 1983, Correlation of Late Proterozoic tillites in the North Atlantic region and Europe: Geological Magazine, v. 120, p. 209-320.
29. HAMBREY, M.J., AND HARLAND, W.B., EDS., 1981, Earth's Pre-Pleistocene Glacial Record: Cambridge, U.K., Cambridge University Press, 1004 p.
30. HAYES, J.M., 1983, Geochemical evidence bearing on the origin of aerobiosis, a speculative hypothesis, in Schopf, J.W., ed., Earth's Earliest Biosphere: Its Origin and Evolution: Princeton, New Jersey, Princeton University Press, p. 291-301.
31. HOFFMAN, P.F., KAUFMAN, A.J., AND HALVERSON, G.P., 1998a, Comings and goings of global glaciations on a Neoproterozoic tropical platform in Namibia: GSA Today, v. 8, p. 1-9.
32. HOFFMAN, P.F., KAUFMAN, A.J., HALVERSON, G.P., AND SCHRAG, D.P., 1998b, A Neoproterozoic snowball Earth: Science, v. 281, p. 1342-1346.
33. IRVING, E., AND STRONG, D.F., 1985, Paleomagnetism of rocks from Burin Peninsula, Newfoundland: hypothesis of Late Paleozoic displacement of Acadia criticized: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 90, p. 1949-1962.
34. JENKISS, R.J.F., 1995, The problems and potential of using animal fossils and trace fossils in terminal Proterozoic biostratigraphy, in Knoll, A.H., and Walter, M., eds., Neoproterozoic Stratigraphy and Earth History: Precambrian Research, v. 73, p. 51-70.
35. KAUFMAN, A.J., AND KNOLL, A.H., 1995, Neoproterozoic variations in the C-isotopic compositions of seawater: stratigraphic and biogeochemical implications: Precambrian Research, v. 73, p. 27-49.
36. KAUFMAN, A.J., HAYES, J.M., KNOLL, A.H., AND GERMS, G.B., 1991, Isotopic compositions of carbonates and organic carbon from upper Proterozoic succession in Namibia: stratigraphic variation and the effects of diagenesis and metamorphism: Precambrian Research, v. 49, p. 301-327.
37. KAUFMAN, A.J., KNOLL, A.H., AND NARBONNE, G.M., 1997, Isotopes, ice ages, and Terminal Proterozoic Earth history: National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings, v. 94, p. 6600-6605.
38. KELLER, G.H., 1982, Organic matter and the geotechnical properties of submarine sediments: Geo-Marine Letters, v. 2, p. 191-198.
39. KEMPE, S., 1990, Alkalinity: the link between anaerobic basins and shallow water carbonates?: Naturwissenschaften, v. 77, p. 426-421.
40. 13C excursions, and carbonate precipitation: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 66, p. 1050-1064.
41. KING, A.F., 1980, The birth of the Caledonides: Late Precambrian rocks of the Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland and their correlatives in the Appalachian Orogen, in Wones, D.R., ed., The Caledonides in the U.S.A.: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Memoir 2, p. 3-8.
42. KING, A.F., 1990, Geology of the St. John's area: Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy, Geological Survey Branch, Report 90-2, 88 p.
43. KING, A.F., ANDERSON, M.M., AND BENUS, A.P., 1988, Late Precambrian sedimentation and related orogenesis of the Avalon Peninsula, eastern Avalon Zone, in Davenport, P.H., Hiscott, R.N., O'Neill, P.P., and Nolan, L.W., eds., Geological Association of Canada, Annual Meeting, Field Trip Guidebook, Trip A4, 84 p.
44. KNOLL, A.H., AND WALTER, M.R., 1992, Latest Proterozoic stratigraphy and Earth history: Nature, v. 356, p. 673-678.
45. KNOLL, A.H., BAMBACH, R.K., CANFIELD, D.E., AND GROTZINGER, J.P., 1996, Comparative Earth history and Late Permian mass extinction: Science, v. 273, p. 452-457.
46. KNOLL, A.H., HAYES, J.M., KAUFMAN, A.J., SWETT, K., AND LAMBERT, I.B., 1986, Secular variation in carbon isotope ratios from the upper Proterozoic succession of Svalbard and east Greenland: Nature, v. 321, p. 832-839.
47. KROGH, T.E., STRONG, D.F., O'BRIEN, S.J., AND PAPEZIK, V.S., 1988, Precise U-Pb zircon dates from the Avalon Terrane in Newfoundland: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 25, p. 442-453.
48. KUMP, L.R., 1991, Interpreting carbon-isotope excursions: strangelove oceans: Geology, v. 19, p. 299-302.
49. 13C minima follow extinction events: a clue to faunal radiation: Geology, v. 17, p. 337-340.
50. MYROW, P.M., 1995, Neoproterozoic rocks of the Newfoundland Avalon Zone, in Knoll, A.H., and Walter, M., eds., Neoproterozoic Stratigraphy and Earth History: Precambrian Research, v. 73, p. 123-136.
51. MYROW, P.M., 1990, A new graph for understanding colors of mudrocks and shales: Journal of Geological Education, v. 38, p. 16-20.
52. MYROW, P.M., AND HISCOTT, R.N., 1991, Shallow-water gravity-flow deposits, Chapel Island Formation, southeast Newfoundland, Canada: Sedimentology, v. 38, p. 935-959.
53. MYROW, P.M., AND LANDING, E., 1992, Mixed siliciclastic-carbonate deposition in an Early Cambrian oxygen-stratified basin, Chapel Island Formation, southeastern Newfoundland: v. 62, p. 455-473.
54. NARBONNE, G.M., KAUFMAN, A.J., AND KNOLL, A.H., 1994, Integrated chemostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the upper Windermere Supergroup (Neoproterozoic), northwestern Canada: Implications for Neoproterozoic correlations and the early evolution of animals: Geological Society of America, Bulletin, v. 106, p. 1281-1292.
55. NEMEC, W., AND STEEL, R.J., 1984, Alluvial and coastal conglomerates: their significant features and some comments on gravelly mass-flow deposits, in Koster, E.H., and Steel, R.J., eds., Sedimentology of Gravels and Conglomerates: Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 10, p. 1-31.
56. NIXON, G.T., 1974, Late Precambrian (Hadrynian) ash-flow tuffs and associated rocks of the Harbour Main Group near Colliers, Avalon Peninsula, S.E. Newfoundland [unpublished M.Sc. thesis]: Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, 301 p.
57. PARK, J.K., 1997, Paleomagnetic evidence for low-latitude glaciation during deposition of the Neoproterozoic Rapitan Group, Mackenzie Mountains, N.W.T., Canada: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 34, p. 34-49.
58. PELL, S.D., MCKIRDY, D.M., JANSYN, J., AND JENKINS, R.J.F., 1993, Ediacaran carbon isotope stratigraphy of South Australia - an initial study: Royal Society of South Australia, Transactions, v. 117, p. 153-161.
59. PICKERING, K.T., 1984, Fades, facies-associations and sediment transport/deposition processes in a late Precambrian upper basin slope/pro-delta, Finmark, N. Norway, in Stow, D.A.V., and Piper, D.J.W., eds., Fine-Grained Sediments: Deep-Water Processes and Facies: Geological Society of London, Special Publication 15, p. 343-362.
60. PLUMMER, P.S., 1978, Note on the paleoenvironmental significance of the Nuccaleena Formation (upper Precambrian), central Flinders Ranges, South Australia: Geological Society of Australia, Journal, v. 25, p. 395-402.
61. SAYLOR, B.Z., KAUFMAN, A.J., GROTZINGER, J.P., AND URBAN, F., 1998, The partitioning of Terminal Proterozoic time: constraints from Namibia: Journal of Sedimentary Research, p. 1223-1235.
62. SCHOLLE, P.A., AND ARTHUR, M.A., 1980, Carbon isotope fluctuations in Cretaceous pelagic limestones: potential stratigraphic and petroleum exploration tool: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, v. 64, p. 67-87.
63. SCHMIDT, P.W., WILLIAMS, G.E., AND EMBLETON, B.J.J., 1991, Low paleolatitude of Late Proterozoic glaciation: Early timing of remanence in haematite of the Elatina Formation, South Australia: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 105, p. 355-367.
64. SMITH, L.H., KAUFMAN, A.J., KNOLL, A.J., AND LINK, P.K., 1994, Chemostratigraphy of predominantly siliciclastic Neoproterozoic successions: a case study of the Pocatello Formation and Lower Brigham Group, Idaho: Geological Magazine, v. 131, p. 301-314.
65. SPERO, H.J., BUMA, J., LEA, D.W., AND BEMIS, B.E., 1997, Effect of seawater carbonate concentration on foraminiferal carbon and oxygen isotopes: Nature, v. 390, p. 497-500.
66. STRONG, D.F., O'BRIEN, S.J., TAYLOR, S.W., STRONG, P.G., AND WILTON, D.H., 1978, Aborted Proterozoic rifting in eastern Newfoundland: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 15, p. 117-1131
67. TERZAGHI, K., AND PECK, R.B., 1948, Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice: New York, Wiley, 566 p.
68. TUCKER, M.E., 1986, Formerly aragonitic limestones associated with tillites in the Late Proterozoic Kingston Peak Formation of Death Valley, California: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 56, p. 818-830.
69. VAN CAPPELLEN, P., AND INGALL, E.D., 1994, Benthic phosphorous regeneration, net primary production, and ocean anoxia: A model of the coupled marine biogeochemical cycles of carbon and phosphorous: Paleoceanography, v. 9, p. 677-692.
70. VON DER BORCH, C.C., CHRISTIE-BLICK, N., AND GRADY, A.E., 1989, Depositional sequence analysis applied to Late Proterozoic Wilpena Group, Adelaide Geosyncline, South Australia: Australian Journal of Earth Science, v. 35, p. 59-71.
71. 13C Neoproterozoic carbonate rocks in western North America: Geology, v. 21, p. 165-168.
72. WILDE, P., 1987, Model of progressive ventilation of the Late Precambrian-Early Paleozoic ocean: American Journal of Science, v. 287, p. 442-459.
73. WILLIAMS, H., AND HATCHER, R.D., 1983, Appalachian suspect terranes: Geological Society of America, Memoir 158, p. 33-53.
74. WILLIAMS, H., AND KING, A.F., 1979, Trepassey map area, Newfoundland: Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir 389, 24 p.