Glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia and targets for new antipsychotic drugs

Japanese Journal of Psychopharmacology

Volumn 22, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 3-13

  Hashimoto, Kenji ^a   Iyo, Masaomi ^a  

^a CHIBA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Antipsychotic drugs; Glutamate receptor; Posterior cingulate cortex; Retrosplenial cortex; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

1 AMINO 1,5 INDANDICARBOXYLIC ACID; 2 AMINO 2 (2 CARBOXYCYCLOPROPYL) 3 (XANTHEN 9 YL)PROPIONIC ACID; 2 AMINO 2 METHYL 4 PHOSPHONOBUTYRIC ACID; 2 AMINO 4 PHOSPHONOBUTYRIC ACID; 2 CHLORO 5 HYDROXYPHENYLGLYCINE; 2 METHYL 6 (2 PHENYLVINYL)PYRIDINE; 2 METHYL 6 (PHENYLETHYNYL)PYRIDINE; 3,5 DIHYDROXYPHENYLGLYCINE; 4 AMINO 2 OXABICYCLO[3.1.0]HEXANE 4,6 DICARBOXYLIC ACID; 4 CARBOXY 2 METHYLPHENYLGLYCINE; 4 PHOSPHONOPHENYLGLYCINE; 6 METHYL 2 PHENYLAZO 3 PYRIDINOL; 7 (HYDROXYIMINO)CYCLOPROPA[B]CHROMEN 1A CARBOXYLATE ETHYL ESTER; ALPHA CYCLOPROPYL 4 PHOSPHONOPHENYLGLYCINE; ALPHA METHYLSERINE O PHOSPHATE; AMPA RECEPTOR; ANTIOXIDANT; DIZOCILPINE; EGLUMETAD; GLUTAMIC ACID; GLUTATHIONE; GLYCINE; KETAMINE; METABOTROPIC RECEPTOR AGONIST; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; PHENCYCLIDINE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ALZHEIMER DISEASE; BRAIN CORTEX; CINGULATE GYRUS; DRUG TARGETING; HYPOTHESIS; NEUROTOXICITY; NEUROTRANSMISSION; NONHUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PSYCHOSIS; RAT; RETROSPLENIAL CORTEX; REVIEW; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

ANIMALS; ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; CORPUS CALLOSUM; DIZOCILPINE MALEATE; DRUG DESIGN; GLUTAMATES; GLUTATHIONE; GLYCINE; GYRUS CINGULI; HUMANS; PHENCYCLIDINE; RECEPTORS, AMPA; RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE; RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION;

EID: 0036197258     PISSN: 13402544     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (111)

1. Remembering the past: Two facets of episodic memory explored with positron emission tomography
2. Effects of a memory enhancing drug on DL-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor currents and synaptic transmission in hippocampus
3. Clozapine and haloperidol modulate NMDA- and non-NMDA receptor mediated neurotransmission in rat prefrontal cortical neurons in vitro
4. Pharmacological actions of the atypical drug clozapine: A review
5. ALX 5407: A potent, selective inhibitor of the hGlyT1 glycine transporter
6. Discovery and SAR of Org 24598: A selective glycine uptake inhibitor
7. Quantification of D-amino acids in human urine using GC-MS and HPLC
8. Interaction between monoamines, glutamate, and GABA in schizophrenia: New evidence
9. Regulation of neurotransmitter release by metabotropic glutamate receptors
10. The metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptor agonists LY354740 and LY379268 selectively attenuate phencyclidine versus d-amphetamine motor behaviours in rats
11. Differential effects of MK-801 on brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA levels on different regions of the rat brain
12. The glutamatergic dysfunction hypothesis for schizophrenia
13. Molecular determinations of metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling
14. Human serine racemase: Molecular cloning, genomic organization and functional analysis
15. Clozapine and seizures
16. Schizophrenia: Glutathione deficit in cerebrospinal fluid and prefrontal cortex in vivo
17. Glutathione metabolism in brain: Metabolic interaction between astrocytes and neurons in the defense against reactive oxygen species
18. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin 3 in schizophrenic psychoses
19. Age-specific neurotoxicity in the rat associated with NMDA receptor blockade: Potential relevance to schizophrenia
20. Olanzapine and fluperlapine mimic clozapine in preventing MK-801 neurotoxicity
21. Cerebrospinal fluid glutamate inversely correlates with positive symptom severely in unmedicated male schizophrenic/schizoaffective patients
22. Chemistry, nutrition, and microbiology of D-amino acids
23. Effects of antipsychotic drugs on neurotoxicity, expression of fos-like protein and c-fos mRNA in the retrosplenial cortex after administration of dizocilpine
24. Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of a human gene encoding D-amino acid oxidase
25. Determination of D-amino acids in serum from patients with renal dysfunction
26. Genetic animal models: Focus on schizophrenia
27. Oxidative stress induced-neurodegenerative diseases: The need for antioxidants that penetrate the blood brain barrier
28. The emerging role of glutamate in the pathophysiology and treatment of schizophrenia
29. A placebo-controlled pilot study of the ampakine CX516 added to clozapine in schizophrenia
30. Functional mapping of brain areas implicated in auditory-verbal memory function
31. Free D-aspartae and D-serine in the mammalian brain and periphery
32. The presence of free D-serine in rat brain
33. Endogenous D-serine in rat brain: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-related distribution and aging
34. Induction of heat shock protein HSP-70 in rat retrosplenial cortex of rat brain by dizocilpine and phencyclidine: Lack of protective effects of sigma receptor ligands
35. Induction of heat shock protein HSP-70 in rat retrosplenial cortex following administration of dextromethorphan
36. Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA in rat retrosplenial cortex following administration of phencyclidine
37. Rolipram, a selective phosphodiesterase type-IV inhibitor, prevents induction of heat shock protein HSP-70 and hsp-70 mRNA in rat retrosplenial cortex by the NMDA receptor antagonist dizocilpine
38. Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA in rat retrosplenial cortex following administration of phencyclidine
39. Dizocilpine-induced neuropathological changes in rat retrosplenial cortex are reversed by subsequent clozapine treatment
40. Urinary excretion of D-serine in human: Comparison of different ages and species
41. Glutathione and signal transduction in the mammalian CNS
42. Biphasic modulation of NMDA-induced responses in pyramidal cells of the medial prefrontal cortex by Y-931, a potential atypical antipsychotic drug
43. Recent advances in the phencyclidine model of schizophrenia
44. The neuropsychopharmacology of phencyclidine: From NMDA receptor hypofunction to the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia
45. Synergistic interactions between ampakines and antipsychotic drugs
46. Treatment of schizophrenia
47. Clozapine and haloperidol in moderately refractory schizophrenia
48. Clozapine for the treatment-resistant schizophrenic: A double-blind comparison vs chlorpromazine/bentropine
49. Low cerebrospinal fluid glutamine in schizophrenic patients and a new hypothesis on schizophrenia
50. NMDA receptor channels: Subunit-specific potentiation by reducing agents
51. Subanesthetic effects of noncompetitive NMDA antagonist, ketamine, in humans
52. NMDA agonists and antagonists as probes of glutamatergic dysfunction and pharmacotherapies for neuropsychiatric disorders
53. Neurotrophic factors: From molecule to man
54. Neurotrophins and brain insults
55. Study of a new schizophrenomimetic drug: Sernyl
56. The retrosplenial cortex and emotion: New insights from functional neuroimaging of the human brain
57. NMDA receptor function and human cognition: The effects of ketamine in healthy volunteers
58. Ketamine-induced exacerbation of psychotic symptoms and cognitive impairment in neuroleptic-free schiozophrenics
59. Effects of age and gender on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in rat retrosplenial cortex following administration of dizocilpine
60. Acute and chronic administration of clozapine produces greater proconvulsant actions than haloperidol on focal hippocampal seizures in freely moving rats
61. Posterior cingulated cortex in Alzheimer's disease
62. Metabolic reduction in the posterior cingulated cortex of very early Alzheimer's disease
63. Novel AMPA receptor potentiators LY392098 and LY404187: Effects on recombinant human AMPA receptors in vitro
64. Reversal of phencyclidine effects by a group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist in rats
65. Mice with reduced NMDA receptor expression display behaviors related to schizophrenia
66. A functional anatomical study of associative learning in humans
67. Neuropsychopharmacological profile of a novel potential atypical antipsychotic drug Y-931
68. D-serine is an endogenous ligand for the glycine site of the NMDA receptor
69. Involvement of D-amino acid oxidase in elimination of D-serine in mouse brain
70. Free D-amino acids in human plasma in relation to senescence and renal diseases
71. The presence of free D-serine, D-alanine and D-proline in human plasma
72. Free D-serine concentration in normal and Alzheimer human brain
73. Cloning and characterization of a human brain Na(+)-independent transporter for small neutral amino acids that transports D-serine with high affinity
74. Synthesis, SARs, and pharmacological characterization of 2-amino-3 or 6-fluorobicyclo [3.1.0] hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acid derivatives as potent, selective, and orally active group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists
75. YM90K, a selective AMPA receptor antagonist, prevents induction of heat shock protein HSP-70 and hsp-70 mRNA in rat retrosplenial cortex by phencyclidine
76. Ketamine-induced NMDA receptor hypofunction as a model of memory impairment and psychosis
77. Glutamate receptor dysfunction and schizophrenia
78. Pathological changes induced in cerebrocortical neurons by phencyclidine and related drugs
79. NMDA antagonist neurotoxicity: Mechanism and prevention
80. NMDA receptor hypofunction model of schizophrenia
81. A new strategy to decrease NMDA receptor coactivation: Inhibition of D-serine synthesis by converting serine racemase into an eliminase
82. D-serine, an endogenous synaptic modulator: Localization to astrocytes and glutamate-stimulated release
83. D-serine as a neuromodulator: Regional and developmental localizations in rat brain glia resemble NMDA receptor
84. LY354740 affects startle responding but not sensorimotor gating or discriminative effects of phencyclidine
85. Glutathione, oxidative stress and neurodegeneration
86. Alterations in gene expression as an index of neuronal injury: Heat shock and the immediate early gene response
87. MK-801 and ketamine induce heat shock protein HSP72 in injured neurons in posterior cingulated and retrosplenial cortex
88. Increased expression of zif268 mRNA in rat retrosplenial cortex following administration of phencyclidine
89. Effects of pharmacologically facilitating glutamatergic transmission in the trisynaptic intrahippocampal circuit
90. Amphetamine psychosis: A "model" schizophrenia mediated by catecholamines
91. Novel neurotransmitters and their neuropsychiatric relevance
92. Centrally active modulators of glutamate receptors facilitate the induction of long-term potenciation in vivo
93. Abnormal expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor in the corticolimbic system of schizophrenic patients
94. Schizophrenia and glutamatergic transmission
95. Memantine induces heat shock protein HSP70 in the posterior cingulated cortex, retrosplenial cortex and dentate gyrus of rat brain
96. Regionally different effects of scopolamine on NMDA antagonist-induced heat shock protein HSP70
97. D-serine added to antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia
98. D-serine added to clozapine for the treatment of schizophrenia
99. M100907 and clozapine, but not haloperidol or raclopride, prevent phencyclidine-induced blockade of NMDA responses in pyramidal neurons of the rat medial prefrontal cortical slice
100. Serine racemase: A glial enzyme synthesizing D-serine to regulate glutamate NMDA neurotransmission
101. Purification of serine racemase: Biosynthesis of the neuromodulator D-serine
102. Retrosplenial amnesia
103. Human retrosplenial cortex: Where is it and is it involved in emotion?
104. Glycine transporters are differentially expressed among CNS cells