Improving enzymes by using them in organic solvents

Nature

Volumn 409, Issue 6817, 2001, Pages 241-246

  Klibanov, A M ^a  

^a MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ENZYME; ORGANIC SOLVENT; WATER;

CATALYSIS; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME MECHANISM; ENZYME SPECIFICITY; PHASE TRANSITION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; STEREOCHEMISTRY; THERMODYNAMICS;

CATALYSIS; ENZYMES; SOLVENTS; SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY; WATER;

EID: 0035843166     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/35051719     Document Type: Review

References (80)

1. Application of biocatalysis and biotransformations to the synthesis of pharmaceuticals
2. Counting on chiral drugs
3. On protein denaturation in aqueous-organic mixtures but not in pure organic solvents
4. Hydration of proteins and polypeptides
5. Protein hydration and function
6. Enzyme crystal structure in a neat organic solvent
7. X-ray crystal structure ofγ-chymotrypsin in hexane
8. Crystal structure of subtilisin Carlsberg in anhydrous dioxane and its comparison with those in water and acetonitrile
9. X-ray studies on two forms of bovine β-crystals in neat cyclohexane
10. Crystal structure of triosephosphate isomerase from Trypanosoma cruzi in hexane
11. Enzymatic catalysis in anhydrous organic solvents
12. Enzyme-catalyzed processes in organic solvents
13. Why are enzymes less active in organic solvents than in water?
14. The mechanistic dissection of the plunge in enzymatic activity upon transition from water to anhydrous solvents
15. Enzymatic catalysis in non-aqueous solvents
16. pH-control of the catalytic activity of cross-linked enzyme crystals in organic solvents
17. Organic-phase buffers control biocatalyst activity independent of initial aqueous pH
18. Can conformational changes be responsible for solvent and excipient effects on the catalytic behavior of subtilisin Carlsberg in organic solvents?
19. Lyophilization-induced changes in the secondary structure of proteins
20. Dramatic enhancement of enzymatic activity in organic solvents by lyoprotectants
21. Striking activation of oxidative enzymes suspended in nonaqueous media
22. Salts dramatically enhance activity of enzymes suspended in organic solvents
23. Inhibitor-induced enzyme activation in organic solvents
24. Large activation of serine proteases by pretreatment with crown ethers
25. Lipid-coated enzymes as efficient catalysts in organic media
26. Aqueous-like activity of α-chymotrypsin dissolved in nearly anhydrous organic solvents
27. Novel crystalline catalysts
28. Solvent dielectric effects on protein dynamics
29. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance investigation of solvent dependence of tyrosyl ring motion in an enzyme
30. The effect of water on enzyme action in organic media
31. Transition state stabilization of subtilisins in organic media
32. Biocatalyst behaviour in low-water systems
33. Remarkable activation of enzymes in nonaqueous media by denaturing organic cosolvents
34. Analysis of processes causing thermal inactivation of enzymes
35. Enzymatic catalysis in organic media at 100 °C
36. Enzyme thermoinactivation in anhydrous organic solvents
37. Enzyme catalysis in organic solvents with low water content at high temperatures. The ATPase of submitochondrial particles
38. The solvent dependence of enzyme specificity
39. Role of solvents in the control of enzyme selectivity in organic media
40. Substrate specificity of enzymes in organic solvents vs. water is reversed
41. Solvent variation inverts substrate specificity of an enzyme
42. Kinetics and specificity of serine proteases in peptide synthesis catalyzed in organic solvents
43. How do organic solvents affect peroxidase structure and function?
44. Rational control of enzymatic enantioselectivity through solvation thermodynamics
45. Prediction of the solvent dependence of enzymatic prochiral selectivity by means of structure-based thermodynamic calculations
46. Reversible enantioselectivity of enzymatic reactions by media
47. Solvent-induced inversion of enantioselectivity in lipase-catalyzed esterification of 2-phenoxypropionic acids
48. Inversion of enzyme enantioselectivity by the solvent
49. Effect of the solvent on enzyme regioselectivity
50. Reversal of regioselectivty in the enzymatic acylation of secondary hydroxy groups mediated by organic solvents
51. Chemoselectivity of enzymes in anhydrous media is strongly solvent dependent
52. Influence of organic solvents on enzyme chemoselectivity and their role in enzyme-substrate interaction
53. Enzyme memory-what is remembered and why?
54. On enzymatic activity in organic solvents as a function of enzyme history
55. Controlling subtilisin activity and selectivity in organic media by imprinting with nucleophilic substrates
56. Induced stereoselectivity and substrate selectivity of bio-imprinted α-chymotrypsin in anhydrous organic media
57. Trapping of different lipase conformers in water-restricted environments
58. Biocatalytic applications o f hydroxynitrile lyases
59. Markedly enhancing enzymatic enantioselectivity in organic solvents by forming substrate salts
60. Quantitative analyses of biochemical kinetic resolutions of enantiomers
61. Resolution of racemic mixtures via lipase catalysis in organic solvents
62. Properties and synthetic applications of enzymes in organic solvents
63. Enzymatic resolution of racemic amines: Crucial role of the solvent
64. Enzymatic resolution of racemic amines in a continuous reactor in organic solvents
65. Enzymatic synthesis and modification of polymers in nonaqueous solvents
66. Rational control of polymer molecular weight and dispersity during enzyme-catalyzed polyester synthesis in supercritical fluids
67. A colorimetric method for the enzymatic analysis of gases: The determination of ethanol and formaldehyde vapors using solid alcohol oxidase
68. The use of nonaqueous media to prove biochemically significant enzyme intermediates: The generation and stabilization of horseradish peroxidase compound III in neat benzene solution at room temperature
69. Dipole formation and solvent electrostriction in subtilisin catalysis
70. Gas phase biosensors
71. Enzymic catalysis in heterogeneous eutectic mixtures of substrates
72. Solvent-tolerant bacteria in biocatalysis