Coexistence of alternative lengthening of telomeres and telomerase in hTERT-transfected GM847 cells

Molecular and Cellular Biology

Volumn 21, Issue 12, 2001, Pages 3862-3875

  Perrem, Kilian ^a   Colgin, Lorel M ^a   Neumann, Axel A ^a   Yeager, Thomas R ^a   Reddel, Roger R ^a  

^a CHILDREN'S MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

TELOMERASE;

ARTICLE; CELL POPULATION; CHROMOSOME SIZE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME MECHANISM; GENETIC TRANSFECTION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HYBRID CELL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; TELOMERE; TUMOR CELL LINE;

CELL LINE; CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN; DNA-BINDING PROTEINS; HUMANS; HYBRID CELLS; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION, FLUORESCENCE; RNA; TELOMERASE; TELOMERE; TRANSFECTION;

EID: 0034998040     PISSN: 02707306     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/MCB.21.12.3862-3875.2001     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Allsopp, R. C., and C. B. Harley. 1995. Evidence for a critical telomere length in senescent human fibroblasts. Exp. Cell Res. 219:130-136.
2. Allsopp, R. C., H. Vaziri, C. Patterson, S. Goldstein, E. V. Younglai, A. B. Futcher, C. W. Greider, and C. B. Harley. 1992. Telomere length predicts replicative capacity of human fibroblasts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 10114-10118.
3. Bacchetti, S., and C. M. Counter. 1995. Telomeres and telomerase in human cancer. Int. J. Oncol. 7:423-432.
4. Blackburn, E. H. 1991. Structure and function of telomeres. Nature 350: 569-573.
5. Broccoli, D., A. Smogorzewska, L. Chong, and T. de Lange. 1997. Human telomeres contain two distinct Myb-related proteins, TRF1 and TRF2. Nat. Genet. 17:231-235.
6. Bryan, T. M., A. Englezou, L. Dalla-Pozza, M. A. Dunham, and R. R. Reddel. 1997. Evidence for an alternative mechanism for maintaining telomere length in human tumors and tumor-derived cell lines. Nat. Med. 3:1271-1274.
7. Bryan, T. M., A. Englezou, M. A. Dunham, and R. R. Reddel. 1998. Telomere length dynamics in telomerase-positive immortal human cell populations. Exp. Cell Res. 239:370-378.
8. Bryan, T. M., A. Englezou, J. Gupta, S. Bacchetti, and R. R. Reddel. 1995. Telomere elongation in immortal human cells without detectable telomerase activity. EMBO J. 14:4240-4248.
9. Bryan, T. M., and R. R. Reddel. 1997. Telomere dynamics and telomerase activity in in vitro immortalised human cells. Eur. J. Cancer 33:767-773.
10. Colgin, L. M., C. Wilkinson, A. Englezou, A. Kilian, M. O. Robinson, and R. R. Reddel. 2000. The hTERTα splice variant is a dominant negative inhibitor of telomerase activity. Neoplasia 2:426-432.
11. Counter, C. M., A. A. Avilion, C. E. LeFeuvre, N. G. Stewart, C. W. Greider, C. B. Harley, and S. Bacchetti. 1992. Telomere shortening associated with chromosome instability is arrested in immortal cells which express telomerase activity. EMBO J. 11:1921-1929.
12. Counter, C. M., W. C. Hahn, W. Wei, S. Dickinson Caddle, R. L. Beijersbergen, P. M. Lansdorp, J. M. Sedivy, and R. A. Weinberg. 1998. Dissociation among in vitro telomerase activity, telomere maintenance, and cellular immortalization. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:14723-14728.
13. Counter, C. M., M. Meyerson, E. N. Eaton, L. W. Ellisen, S. Dickinson Caddle, D. A. Haber, and R. A. Weinberg. 1998. Telomerase activity is restored in human cells by ectopic expression of hTERT (hEST2), the catalytic subunit of telomerase. Oncogene 16:1217-1222.
14. Dunham, M. A., A. A. Neumann, C. L. Fasching, and R. R. Reddel. 2000. Telomere maintenance by recombination in human cells. Nat. Genet. 26: 447-450.
15. Greider, C. W., and E. H. Blackburn. 1985. Identification of a specific telomere terminal transferase activity in Tetrahymena extracts. Cell 43:405-413.
16. Hahn, W. C., S. A. Stewart, M. W. Brooks, S. G. York, E. Eaton, A. Kurachi, R. L. Beijersbergen, J. H. M. Knoll, M. Meyerson, and R. A. Weinberg. 1999. Inhibition of telomerase limits the growth of human cancer cells. Nat. Med. 5:1164-1170.
17. Hande, M. P., E. Samper, P. Lansdorp, and M. A. Blasco. 1999. Telomere length dynamics and chromosomal instability in cells derived from telomerase null mice. J. Cell Biol. 144:589-601.
18. Harley, C. B., A. B. Futcher, and C. W. Greider. 1990. Telomeres shorten during ageing of human fibroblasts. Nature 345:458-460.
19. Harley, C. B., H. Vaziri, C. M. Counter, and R. C. Allsopp. 1992. The telomere hypothesis of cellular aging. Exp. Gerontol. 27:375-382.
20. Harrington, L., W. Zhou, T. McPhail, R. Oulton, D. S. K. Yeung, V. Mar, M. B. Bass, and M. O. Robinson. 1997. Human telomerase contains evolutionarily conserved catalytic and structural subunits. Genes Dev. 11:3109-3115.
21. Hastie, N. D., M. Dempster, M. G. Dunlop, A. M. Thompson, D. K. Green, and R. C. Allshire. 1990. Telomere reduction in human colorectal carcinoma and with ageing. Nature 346:866-868.
22. Jones, C. J., A. Soley, J. W. Skinner, J. Gupta, M. F. Haughton, F. S. Wyllie, M. Schlumberger, S. Bacchetti, and D. Wynford-Thomas. 1998. Dissociation of telomere dynamics from telomerase activity in human thyroid cancer cells. Exp. Cell Res. 240:333-339.
23. Kilian, A., D. D. L. Bowtell, H. E. Abud, G. R. Hime, D. J. Venter, P. K. Keese, E. L. Duncan, R. R. Reddel, and R. A. Jefferson. 1997. Isolation of a candidate human telomerase catalytic subunit gene, which reveals complex splicing patterns in different cell types. Hum. Mol. Genet. 6:2011-2019.
24. Kim, N. W., M. A. Piatyszek, K. R. Prowse, C. B. Harley, M. D. West, P. L. C. Ho, G. M. Coviello, W. E. Wright, S. L. Weinrich, and J. W. Shay. 1994. Specific association of human telomerase activity with immortal cells and cancer. Science 266:2011-2015.
25. Lansdorp, P. M., N. P. Verwoerd, F. M. Van de Rijke, V. Dragowska, M.-T. Little, R. W. Dirks, A. K. Raap, and H. J. Tanke. 1996. Heterogeneity in telomere length of human chromosomes. Hum. Mol. Genet. 5:685-691.
26. Levy, M. Z., R. C. Allsopp, A. B. Futcher, C. W. Greider, and C. B. Harley. 1992. Telomere end-replication problem and cell aging. J. Mol. Biol. 225: 951-960.
27. Li, B., and A. J. Lustig. 1996. A novel mechanism for telomere size control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes Dev. 10:1310-1326.
28. Lindsey, J., N. I. McGill, L. A. Lindsey, D. K. Green, and H. J. Cooke. 1991. In vivo loss of telomeric repeats with age in humans. Mutat. Res. 256:45-48.
29. Lundblad, V., and E. H. Blackburn. 1993. An alternative pathway for yeast telomere maintenance rescues est1 senescence. Cell 73:347-360.
30. Marcand, S., V. Brevet, and E. Gilson. 1999. Progressive cis-inhibition of telomerase upon telomere elongation. EMBO J. 18:3509-3519.
31. Marcand, S., E. Gilson, and D. Shore. 1997. A protein-counting mechanism for telomere length regulation in yeast. Science 275:986-990.
32. McEachern, M. J., and E. H. Blackburn. 1996. Cap-prevented recombination between terminal telomeric repeat arrays (telomere CPR) maintains telomeres in Kluyveromyces lactis lacking telomerase. Genes Dev. 10:1822-1834.
33. Moyzis, R. K., J. M. Buckingham, L. S. Cram, M. Dani, L. L. Deaven, M. D. Jones, J. Meyne, R. L. Ratliff, and J.-R. Wu. 1988. A highly conserved repetitive DNA sequence, (TTAGGG), present at the telomeres of human chromosomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:6622-6626.
34. Olovnikov, A. M. 1971. Principle of marginotomy in template synthesis of polynucleotides. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 201:1496-1499.
35. Perrem, K., T. M. Bryan, A. Englezou, T. Hackl, E. L. Moy, and R. R. Reddel. 1999. Repression of an alternative mechanism for lengthening of telomeres in somatic cell hybrids. Oncogene 18:3383-3390.
36. Perrem, K., and R. R. Reddel. 2000. Telomeres and cell division potential. Prog. Mol. Subcell. Biol. 24:173-189.
37. Reddel, R. 1998. A reassessment of the telomere hypothesis of senescence. Bioessays 20:977-984.
38. Smogorzewska, A., B. van Steensel, A. Bianchi, S. Oelmann, M. R. Schaefer, G. Schnapp, and T. de Lange. 2000. Control of human telomere length by TRF1 and TRF2. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:1659-1668.
39. Sprung, C. N., L. Sabatier, and J. P. Murnane. 1999. Telomere dynamics in a human cancer cell line. Exp. Cell Res. 247:29-37.
40. Steinert, S., J. W. Shay, and W. E. Wright. 2000. Transient expression of human telomerase extends the life span of normal human fibroblasts. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 273:1095-1098.
41. Teng, S.-C., J. Chang, B. McCowan, and V. A. Zakian. 2000. Telomerase-independent lengthening of yeast telomeres occurs by an abrupt Rad50p-dependent, Rif-inhibitcd recombinational process. Mol. Cell 6:947-952.
42. Teng, S.-C., and V. A. Zakian. 1999. Telomere-telomere recombination is an efficient bypass pathway for telomere maintenance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19:8083-8093.
43. van Steensel, B. and T. de Lange. 1997. Control of telomere length by the human telomeric protein TRF1. Nature 385:740-743.
44. Watson, J. D. 1972. Origin of concatemeric T7 DNA. Nat. New Biol. 239: 197-201.
45. Wen, J., Y.-S. Cong, and S. Bacchetti. 1998. Reconstitution of wild-type or mutant telomerase activity in telomerase negative immortal human cells. Hum. Mol. Genet. 7:1137-1141.
46. Wright, W. E., J. W. Shay, and M. A. Piatyszek. 1995. Modifications of a telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) result in increased reliability, linearity and sensitivity. Nucleic Acids Res. 23:3794-3795.
47. Yeager, T. R., A. A. Neumann, A. Englezou, L. I. Huschtscha, J. R. Noble, and R. R. Reddel. 1999. Telomerase-negative immortalized human cells contain a novel type of promyelocytic leukemia (PML) body. Cancer Res. 59:4175-4179.
48. Zhang, X., V. Mar, W. Zhou, L. Harrington, and M. O. Robinson. 1999. Telomere shortening and apoptosis in telomerase-inhibited human tumor cells. Genes Dev. 13:2388-2399.
49. Zhu, J., H. Wang, J. M. Bishop, and E. H. Blackburn. 1999. Telomerase extends the lifespan of virus-transformed human cells without net telomere lengthening. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:3723-3728.