The cascade of increasingly deviant development that culminates in the onset of schizophrenia

NeuroScience News

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2001, Pages 5-19

  Bramon, E ^a   Kelly, J ^a   Van Os, J ^a   Murray, R M ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

Childhood development; Dopamine; Drug abuse; Neurodevelopment; Obstetric complications; Risk factors; Schizophrenia; Stress

Indexed keywords

CANNABIS; DOPAMINE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; BIRTH INJURY; BRAIN DEVELOPMENT; BRAIN HYPOXIA; CANNABIS ADDICTION; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOPAMINE RELEASE; DRUG ABUSE; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MENTAL DISEASE; META ANALYSIS; ONSET AGE; PREMATURITY; PSYCHOSIS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SOCIAL ISOLATION;

EID: 0034972846     PISSN: 10276599     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (162)

1. Schizophrenia: Caused by a fault in programmed synaptic elimination during adolescence
2. Cerebral ventricular size in the offspring of schizophrenic mothers - A preliminary-study
3. Towards an etiological classification of schizophrenia
4. Implications of normal brain development for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia
5. Is schizophrenia a neurodevelopmental disorder?
6. Developmental insanity or dementia praecox: A new perspective on an old debate
7. Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: A meta-analysis
8. Schizophrenia and complications of pregnancy and labor: An individual patient data meta-analysis
9. The neurodevelopmental basis of sex-differences in schizophrenia
10. Labour and delivery complications and schizophrenia - Case-control study using contemporaneous labour ward records
11. Obstetric complications and age at onset in schizophrenia: An international collaborative meta-analysis of individual patient data
12. A prospective cohort study of genetic and perinatal influences in the etiology of schizophrenia
13. Obstetric risk factors for early-onset schizophrenia in a Finnish birth cohort
14. Childhood neuromotor dysfunction in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings: A prospective cohort study
15. Hypoxic-ischemia-related fetal/neonatal complications and risk of schizophrenia and other nonaffective psychoses: A 19-year longitudinal study
16. Is the association between obstetric complications and schizophrenia mediated by glutamatergic excitotoxic damage in the fetal/neonatal brain?
17. Season of birth in schizophrenia: A review of the evidence, methodology and etiology
18. Season of birth effect and latitude: A systematic review and meta-analysis of northern hemisphere schizophrenia studies
19. Month of birth, hemisphere of birth and schizophrenia
20. Risk of schizophrenia and age difference with older siblings - Evidence for a maternal viral-infection hypothesis
21. Relationship between in utero exposure to influenza epidemics and risk of schizophrenia in Denmark
22. Exposure to prenatal and childhood infections and the risk of schizophrenia - Suggestions from a study of sibship characteristics and influenza prevalence
23. Schizophrenia following prenatal rubella exposure: Gestational timing and diagnostic specificity
24. Neurodevelopmental disorders after prenatal famine - The story of the Dutch famine study
25. Autoimmune diseases in the pedigrees of schizophrenic and control subjects
26. Unwantedness of a pregnancy and schizophrenia in the child
27. Prenatal exposure to maternal stress and later schizophrenia: The May 1940 invasion of The Netherlands
28. Association between central nervous system infections during childhood and adult onset schizophrenia and other psychoses: A 28-year follow-up
29. Schizophrenia-like psychosis following traumatic brain injury: A chart-based descriptive and case-control study
30. The neurodevelopmental basis of schizophrenia: Clinical clues from cerebrocraniofacial dysmorphogenesis, and the roots of a lifetime trajectory of disease
31. Familial, obstetric, and other clinical correlates of minor physical anomalies in schizophrenia
32. Minor physical anomalies in familial and sporadic schizophrenia: The Maudsley family study
33. Specification of cerebral cortical areas
34. Quantitative dermatoglyphics in schizophrenia - Study of family history subgroups
35. Subtle signs of prenatal maldevelopment of the hand ectoderm in schizophrenia - A preliminary monozygotic twin study
36. Dermatoglyphic a-b ridge count as a possible marker for developmental disturbance in schizophrenia: Replication in two samples
37. Association between cerebral structural abnormalities and dermatoglyphic ridge counts in schizophrenia
38. Cerebral ventricular size and cognitive impeirment in chronic schizophrenia
39. Computerised topography in schizophrenia 15 years on
40. The aetiology of brain abnormalities in schizophrenia
41. Schizophrenia - A brain disease - A critical-review of structural and functional cerebral abnormality in the disorder
42. Ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia. A meta-analysis of studies of the ventircle:brain ratio (VBR)
43. Meta-analysis of regional brain volumes in schizophrenia
44. A voxel-based method for the statistical analysis of gray and white matter density applied to schizophrenia
45. Structural abnormalities in frontal, temporal, and limbic regions and interconnecting white matter tracts in schizophrenic patients with prominent negative symptoms
46. Computerised tomographic scan changes in early schizopphrenia
47. Brain morphology in 1st-episode schizophrenic-like psychotic-patients - A quantitative magnetic-resonance-imaging study
48. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thalamus in first-episode psychosis
49. An MRI study of adolescent patients with either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder as compared to healthy control subjects
50. Brain imaging in childhood- and adolescence-onset schizophrenia associated with obsessive-compulsive symptoms
51. Abnormalities of cerebral structure in schizophrenia on magnetic-resonance-imaging - Interpretation in relation to the neurodevelopmental hypothesis
52. Schizophrenia as an anomaly of development of cerebral asymmetry - A postmortem study and a proposal concerning the genetic-basis of the disease
53. Absence of regional hemispheric volume asymmetries in first- episode schizophrenia
54. Cerebral hemispheric-asymmetry revisited - Effects of handedness, gender and schizophrenia measured by radius of gyration in magnetic-resonance images
55. The neuropathology of schizophrenic diseases: Historical aspects and present knowledge
56. A neurobiological correlate of schizophrenia
57. Prenatal developmental disturbances in the limbic allocortex in schizophrenia
58. Altered distribution of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase cells in frontal-lobe of schizophrenics implies disturbances of cortical development
59. Distorted distribution of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase neurons in temporal-lobe of schizophrenics implies anomalous cortical development
60. Developmental abnormalities of the pre-frontal cortex in schizophrenia
61. A quantitative investigation of hippocampal pyramidal cell- size, shape, and variability of orientation in schizophrenia
62. Reduced neuronal size in posterior hippocampus of schizophrenic patients
63. Smaller neuron size in schizophrenia in hippocampal subfields that mediate cortical-hippocampal interactions
64. Alterations in hippocampal non-phosphorylated MAP2 protein expression in schizophrenia
65. Cytoarchitecture of the entorhinal cortex in schizophrenia
66. A sceptical view of the neuropathology of schizophrenia
67. Cell loss in the hippocampus of schizophrenics
68. Gliosis and its implications for the disease process
69. Is there gliosis in schizophrenia - Investigation of the temporal-lobe
70. Malformations of the nervous system
71. The neuropathology of schizophrenia - A critical review of the data and their interpretation
72. The genetic epidemiology of schizophrenia in a Finnish twin cohort - A population-based modeling study
73. Heritability estimates for psychotic disorders - The Maudsley twin psychosis series
74. Lack of normal pattern of cerebral asymmetry in familial schizophrenic patients and their relatives - The Maudsley family study
75. "Schizotaxia": Clinical implications and new directions for research
76. Hippocampal volume reduction in schizophrenia: Effects of genetic risk and pregnancy and birth complications
77. Relationship of obstetric complications and differences in size of brain structures in monozygotic twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia
78. Myelination of cortical-hippocampal relays during late adolescence
79. Schizophrenia - Caused by a fault in programmed synaptic elimination during adolescence
80. Glutamate receptor dysfunction and schizophrenia
81. Postpubertal emergence of hyperresponsiveness to stress and to amphetamine after neonatal excitotoxic hippocampal damage - A potential animal-model of schizophrenia
82. Genetic-variation in vulnerability to the behavioral-effects of neonatal hippocampal damage in rats
83. The reduced neuropil hypothesis: A circuit based model of schizophrenia
84. Decreased dendritic spine density on pre-frontal cortical pyramidal neurons in schizophrenia
85. Gliosis and its implications for the disease process
86. Is schizophrenia due to excessive synaptic pruning in the prefrontal cortex - The Feinberg hypothesis revisited
87. Schizophrenia as a disorder of developmentally reduced synaptic connectivity
88. Development, disease and degeneration in schizophrenia: A unitary pathophysiological model
89. Stability of cerebral ventricular size from the appearance of the first psychotic symptoms to the later diagnosis of schizophrenia
90. A follow-up magnetic resonance imaging study of schizophrenia - Relationship of neuroanatomica] changes to clinical and neurobehavioral measures
91. Is schizophrenia a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder? Toward a unitary pathogenetic mechanism
92. Defining the course of brain structural change and plasticity in schizophrenia
93. Is schizophrenia a neurodegenerative disorder? A clinical and neurobiological perspective
94. Childhood-onset schizophrenia: Progressive brain changes during adolescence
95. Neurobiological antecedents of schizophrenia in childhood
96. Relationship between childhood behavioral disturbance and later schizophrenia in the New York High-Risk Project
97. Attention, memory, and motor skills as childhood predictors of schizophrenia-related psychoses: The New York high-risk project
98. Neurodevelopmental aspects of schizophrenia
99. Childhood behavioral characteristics and adult brain morphology in schizophrenia
100. Child developmental risk-factors for adult schizophrenia in the British 1946 birth cohort
101. Childhood antecedents of schizophrenia and affective-illness - Social-adjustment at ages 7 and 11
102. School performance in Finnish children and later development of schizophrenia - A population-based longitudinal study
103. A prospective cohor study of childhood behavioral deviance and language abnormalities as predictors of adult schizophrenia
104. Children's self-reported psychotic symptoms and adult schizophreniform disorder - A 15-year longitudinal study
105. Child and adolescent (Juvenile-Onset) schizophrenia - A case-control study of premorbid developmental impairments
106. Mapping auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia using functional magnetic resonance imaging
107. Functional anatomy of auditory verbal imagery in schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucinations
108. IQ and risk for schizophrenia: A population-based cohort study
109. Behavioral and intellectual markers for schizophrenia in apparently healthy male adolescents
110. Differences in distribution of ages of onset in males and females with schizophrenia
111. A controlled family study of late-onset non-affective psychosis (late paraphrenia)
112. A neurodevelopmental approach to the classification of schizophrenia
113. The epidemiology of late-onset schizophrenia
114. Age at onset, sex, and familial psychiatric morbidity in schizophrenia - Camberwell collaborative psychosis study
115. Main risk factors for schizophrenia: Increased familial loading and pre- and peri-natal complications antagonize the protective effect of oestrogen in women
116. Age of onset of schizophrenia in multiply affected families is early and shows no sex difference
117. Risk of schizophrenia in adults born after obstetric complications and their association with early onset of illness - A controlled-study
118. The spectrum of structural brain changes in schizophrenia - Age of onset as a predictor of cognitive and clinical impairments and their cerebral correlates
119. Relationship between physical anomalies and age at onset of schizophrenia
120. The dysplastic net hypothesis: An integration of developmental and dysconnectivity theories of schizophrenia
121. The brain in schizophrenia
122. Interaction between genetic vulnerability and family environment - The finnish adoptive family study of schizophrenia
123. Adult outcomes of high-risk children: Differential effects of town and kibbutz rearing
124. Premorbid adjustment and personality in people with schizophrenia
125. Neighbourhood variation in incidence of schizophrenia - Evidence for person-environment interaction
126. Is the earlier age at onset of schizophrenia in males a confounded finding? Results from a cross-cultural investigation
127. Effects of family history and place and season of birth on the risk of schizophrenia
128. Urbanization and psychosis: A study of 1942-1978 birth cohorts in The Netherlands
129. Urbanization and risk for schizophrenia: Does the effect operate before or around the time of illness onset
130. Emigration and insantity: A study of mental disease among Norwegian born population in Minnesota
131. Schizophrenia in the Uk Afro-Caribbean population
132. Jamaican psychiatrist evaluates diagnoses at a London psychiatric hospital
133. Morbid risk of schizophrenia for relatives of patients with cannabis-associated psychosis
134. Why is there a high-rate of schizophrenia in British Caribbeans
135. Searching for the causes of Schizophrenia - The role of migrant studies
136. Increased rate of psychosis among African-Caribbeans in Britain is not due to an excess of pregnancy and birth complications
137. Schizophrenia and Afro-Caribbeans - A case-control study
138. Morbid risk of schizophrenia in first-degree relatives of white and African-Caribbean patients with psychosis
139. Schizophrenia in the Afro-Caribbean community
140. A prospective study of stressful life events and schizophrenic relapse
141. Relationship of major life events and daily stressors to symptomatology in schizophrenia
142. Life events and psychosis - Initial results from the Camberwell collaborative psychosis study
143. Cannabis and schizophrenia - A longitudinal-study of Swedish conscripts
144. Psychosis as a continuum of variation in dimensions of psychopathology
145. Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for schizophrenia, affective psychosis, and reactive psychosis of early onset: Case-control study
146. Minor physical anomalies in psychoses: Associations with clinical and putative aetiological variables
147. Congenital dermatoglyphic malformations in severe bipolar disorder
148. Early risk factors and adult person-environment relationships in affective disorder
149. Premorbid social functioning in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: Similarity and differences
150. Metaanalyses of studies of ventricular enlargement and cortical sulcal prominence in mood disorders - Comparisons with controls or patients with schizophrenia
151. The genetics of schizophrenia is the genetics of neurodevelopment
152. Brain changes in schizophrenia - Volumetric MRI study of families multiply affected with schizophrenia - The Maudsley Family study 5
153. Schizophrenia as a long-term outcome of pregnancy, delivery, and perinatal complications: A 28-year follow-up of the 1966 North Finland general population birth cohort
154. Obstetric complications and the risk of schizophrenia - A longitudinal study of a national birth cohort
155. Obstetric complications and schizophrenia: A case control study based on standardised obstetric records
156. Obstetric complications and schizophrenia - Two case-control studies based on structured obstetric records
157. Association of schizophrenia with low maternal body mass index, small size at birth, and thinness during childhood