The nature of the effect of female gonadal hormone replacement therapy on cognitive function in post-menopausal women: A meta-analysis

Neuroscience

Volumn 101, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 485-512

  Hogervorst, E ^a   Williams, J ^a   Budge, M ^a   Riedel, W ^b   Jolles, J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; Cognition; Estrogens; Hormone replacement therapy; Progestagens

Indexed keywords

CONJUGATED ESTROGEN; ESTROGEN; GESTAGEN;

AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; CLIMACTERIUM; COGNITION; DEMENTIA; ESTROGEN DEFICIENCY; FEMALE; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HUMAN; MEMORY; MENOPAUSE; META ANALYSIS; POSTMENOPAUSE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECALL; REVIEW; VERBAL MEMORY;

AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGING; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; BRAIN; COGNITION; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; ESTROGENS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MENOPAUSE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PROGESTINS;

EID: 0034669062     PISSN: 03064522     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0306-4522(00)00410-3     Document Type: Review

References (205)

1. Risk factors for clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease: a case-control study of an Italian population
2. Plasma levels of the atherogenic amino acid homocysteine in post-menopausal women with breast cancer treated with tamoxifen
3. Influence of aromatase inhibitors on plasma total homocysteine in postmenopausal breast cancer patients
4. Cognitive and neuroedocrine response to transdermal estrogen in postmenopausal women with AD: results of a placebo-controlled, double-blind pilot study
5. Transdermal estrogen improves memory in women with Alzheimer's disease
6. Symptoms related to the menopause and sex steroid treatments
7. A developmental deficit in short term phonological memory
8. Estrogen-replacement therapy and Alzheimer's disease in the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging
9. Cognitive function and endogenous sex hormones in older women
10. Estrogen replacement therapy and cognitive function in older women
11. Gender differences in cognitive function with age: the Rancho Bernardo Study
12. Rethinking estrogen and the brain
13. Endogenous sex hormones and cognitive function in older men
14. Influence of ovariectomy and ovarian steroids on hypothalamic tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the rat
15. Alzheimer's disease and oxidative stress implications for novel therapeutic approaches
16. Effects of glucocorticoids on oxidative stress-induced hippocampal cell death implications for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
17. The role of estrogen in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
18. Oestrogens and Alzheimer's disease
19. A case-control study of Alzheimer's disease
20. Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of Alzheimer's disease: a population based case-control study
21. Use of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy estimates from a nationally representative cohort study
22. Equilin, a principal component of the estrogen replacement therapy premarin, increases the growth of cortical neurons via an NMDA receptor-dependent mechanism
23. A case-control study of Alzheimer's disease in Australia
24. Regulation of estrogen receptor concentrations in the rat brain
25. Study of symptoms in middle life with special reference to the menopause
26. Protection against Alzheimer's disease
27. Evaluation of psychologic effects of sex hormone administration in aged women results of therapy after 6months
28. Oestrogen therapy and the menopausal syndrome
29. Relationships between mood and estradiol levels (E2) in Alzheimer's patients
30. Steroid hormones, memory and mood in a healthy elderly population
31. Correlates of cognitive function in middle aged adults
32. The effects of 17beta-estradiol on ischemia-induced neuronal damage in the gerbil hippocampus
33. Folate, vitamin B12 and serum homocysteine as candidate risk factors for confirmed Alzheimer's disease
34. Differential diagnosis of dementia: a prospective evaluation of the DAT Inventory
35. Cognitive function at menopause: neuroendocrine implications for the study of the ageing brain
36. Hormone therapy and affect
37. Estrogen improves psychological function in asymptomatic postmenopausal women
38. The Alzheimer's disease assessment scale patterns and predictors of baseline cognitive performance in multicenter Alzheimer's disease trails
39. Gender, concurrent estrogen use and cognition in AD
40. Associations between circulating sex steroid hormones and cognition in normal elderly women
41. Estradiol: a protective and trophic factor in the brain
42. Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test
43. The influence of estrogens on the well-being and mental performance on the climacteric and postmenopausal women
44. Estrogens in the pathogenesis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease in postmenopausal women
45. Observations in a preliminary open trial of estradiol therapy for senile dementia-Alzheimer's type
46. Estrogen levels in postmenopausal women with senile dementia-Alzheimer's type (SDAT) are significantly lower than matched controls
47. Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on cerebral perfusion and cognition among postmenopausal women
48. Estrogen and nerve growth factor-related systems in brain
49. Effects of sex steroids on plasma total homocysteine levels: a study in transsexual males and females
50. Sex, plasma lipoproteins, and atherosclerosis: prevailing assumptions and outstanding questions
51. Estrogen replacement therapy and postural stability in the elderly
52. Estrogens attenuate and corticosterone exacerbates excitotoxicity, oxidative injury, and amyloid beta-peptide toxicity in hippocampal neurons
53. Gonadal steroids regulate dendritic spine density in hippocampus pyramidal cells in adulthood
54. Symptoms relief and side effects of postmenopausal hormones result from the postmenopausal estrogen/progestin interventions trial
55. A novel, synergistic interaction between 17 beta-estradiol and glutathione in the protection of neurons against beta-amyloid 25-35-induced toxicity in vitro
56. The postmenopausal hormone therapy and cognitive function in healthy elderly women
57. Psychometric diagnosis of dementia in clinical gerontopsychiatry practice
58. Six month study of oestrogen therapy with piperazine oestrone sulphate and its effects on memory
59. Estrogen augments serotonergic activity in postmenopausal women
60. Cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic status in African American and Caucasian women
61. The effect of estrogen replacement therapy on cognitive function: a critical review of the literature
62. Cognitive deficits of men and women with Alzheimer's disease
63. Cognitive skills associated with estrogen replacement therapy in women with Alzheimer's disease
64. Estrogen for Alzheimer's disease in women
65. Estrogen replacement therapy in older women: comparisons between Alzheimer's disease cases and non-demented control subjects
66. Comparison of the heart and estrogen/progestin replacement study (HERS) cohort with women with coronary disease from the national health and nutrition examination survey III (NHANES III)
67. The validity of psychometric instruments for detection of dementia in the elderly general population
68. Alzheimer's disease: a study of epidemiological aspects
69. The effect of hormone replacement therapy on cognitive function in elderly women
70. An effect of conjugated estrogen to cognitive impairment in women with senile dementia-Alzheimer's type: a placebo-controlled double-blind study
71. In vivo effects by estrone sulfate on the central nervous system-senile dementia (Alzheimer's type)
72. Senile dementia-Alzheimer's type and estrogen
73. Cellular and molecular basis of estrogen's neuroprotection. Potential relevance for Alzheimer's disease
74. Ambulatory-not office-blood pressures decline during hormone replacement therapy in healthy postmenopausal women
75. Cognitive function in non-demented older women who took estrogen after menopause
76. Estrogen regulates metabolism of Alzheimer amyloid-beta precursor protein
77. Progestrone-estrogen effects on the uptake and release of norepinephrine by synaptosomes
78. Cognitive impairment in elderly people: predisposing factors and implications for experimental drug studies
79. Oestrogen replacement therapy: physiological considerations and new applications
80. Estrogen use and verbal memory in healthy postmenopausal women
81. Estrogen for older women
82. 2 reactivity
83. Prospective study of factors influencing the onset of natural menopause
84. A prospective study of estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease
85. Use of hormone replacement therapy by postmenopausal women in the United States
86. Estrogen replacement therapy may protect against intellectual decline in postmenopausal women
87. Plasma monoamine oxidase activity in regularly menstruating women and in amenorrheic women receiving cyclic treatment with estrogens and a progestin
88. Hormone replacement and menopausal symptoms following hysterectomy
89. Rates and risk factors for dementia and Alzheimer's disease
90. Smoking and oestrogen replacement therapy as protective factors against AD
91. Effects of hormones on the plasma levels of the atherogenic amino acid homocysteine
92. Quality of life after the menopause influence of hormonal replacement therapy
93. Traitement hormonal substitutif de la menopause et prevention des complications neurologiques
94. Effect of estradiol on turnover of type A monoamine oxidase in brain
95. Estradiol enhances learning and memory in a spatial memory task and affects levels of monoaminergic neurotransmitters
96. Estradiol increases choline acetyltransferase activity in specific basal forebrain nuclei and projection area of female rats
97. Immunochemical demonstration of increased choline acetyltransferase concentration in rat preoptic area after estradiol administration
98. Sex differences in cholinergic enzymes of diagonal band nuclei in the rat preoptic area
99. Age-related changes in male gonadal function. Implications for therapy
100. The effects of norethisterone in menopausal women on oestrogen replacement therapy: a model for the pre-menstrual syndrome
101. Transdermal oestrogen reduces daytime blood pressure in hypertensive women [see comment]
102. Endogenous estrogen levels and Alzheimer's disease among postmenopausal women
103. Postmenopausal estrogen use and Parkinson's disease with and without dementia
104. Estrogen replacement therapy and cognitive decline in older community women
105. Prior to use of estrogen replacement therapy: are users healthier than nonusers?
106. Cellular actions of beta-amyloid precursor protein and its soluble and fibrillogenic derivatives
107. Estradiol and progestrone regulate neuronal structure and synaptic connectivity in adult as well as developing brain
108. Ovarian steroids and the brain implications for cognition and ageing
109. Stress and the aging hippocampus
110. Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease report of the NINCDS-ADRDA work group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease
111. Diluted mainstream cigarette smoke condensates activate estogen receptor and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated gene transcription
112. Neurosteroids: expression of steroidogenic enzymes and regulation of steroid biosynthesis in the central nervous system
113. The influence of smoking on the risk of Alzheimer's disease
114. Estradiol-17beta reduces blood pressure and restores the normal amplitude of the circadian blood pressure rhythm in postmenopausal hypertension
115. Postmenopausal oral 17beta-estradiol continuously combined with dydrogesterone reduces fasting serum homocysteine levels
116. Use of estrogens for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease
117. Hormone replacement therapy may reduce high serum homocysteine in postmenopausal women
118. Lack of postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy and the risk of dementia
119. Estrogen replacement therapy for treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease
120. Memory functioning at menopause: impact of age in ovariectomized women
121. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacologic variation between different estrogen products
122. Evaluation of estrogen treatment in female patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type
123. Long-term estrogen replacement therapy in female patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type: 7 case reports
124. Low-dose estrogen replacement therapy for Alzheimer disease in women
125. Smoking and risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in a population-based cohort study: the Rotterdam Study
126. Mood and cognitive changes following estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women
127. The effect of hormone replacement therapy lipoprotein cholesterol levels and other factors on a clock drawing task in older women
128. Estrogen deficiency and risk of Alzheimer's disease in women
129. Estrogen increases cGMP in selected brain regions and in cerebral microvessels
130. Psychological and sexual symptoms associated with the menopause and the effects of hormone replacement therapy
131. Psychological effects of continuation versus discontinuation of hormone replacement therapy by estrogen transplants: a placebo-controlled study
132. Alpha1-adrenoreceptor augmentation of beta-stimulated cAMP formation is enhanced by estrogen and reduced by progestrone in rat hypothalamic slices
133. Effects of estrogen on memory function in surgically menopausal women
134. Climacteric symptoms do not impair cognitive performances in postmenopause
135. The effect of short-term estrogen replacement therapy on cognition: a randomized double-blind, cross-over trial in postmenopausal women
136. Assessing neuropsychological changes in pharmacological trials
137. Perimenopause: the complex endocrinology of the menopausal transition
138. The effect of castration and peroral estrogen therapy on some psychological functions
139. Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on PET cerebral blood flow and neuropsychological performance
140. Estrogen replacement therapy and longitudinal decline in visual memory
141. Postmenopausal estrogen and estrogen-progestin use and 2-year rate of cognitive change in a cohort of older Japanese women: the Kame project
142. Ovarian sex steroids and atherosclerosis
143. Estrogen replacement therapy and memory in older women
144. Prevalence of clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease and other dementing disorders
145. Free radicals in Alzheimer's dementia: currently available therapeutic strategies
146. The neuropsychopharmacological potential of neuroactive steroids
147. Ovarian hormones and the circulation
148. Estrogen replacement therapy in older women: a neuropsychological and brain MRI study
149. Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on response to tacrine in patients with Alzheimer's disease
150. Effects of estrogen on brain activation patterns in postmenopausal women during working memory tasks
151. Estrogen and cognitive functioning in surgically menopausal women
152. Estrogen and/or androgen replacement therapy and cognitive functioning in surgically menopausal women
153. Estrogen efffects on cognition in menopausal women
154. The impact of different doses of estrogen and progestin on mood and sexual behavior in postmenopausal women
155. 3H imipramine binding sites in surgically menopausal women
156. Effects of 17beta-estradiol on glucose transporter 1 expression and endothelial cell survival following focal ischemia in the rats
157. The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS): a trial of the effect of estrogen therapy in preventing and slowing the progression of dementia
158. The potential role for estrogen replacement therapy in the treatment of the cognitive decline and neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer's disease
159. Role of estrogen replacement therapy in memory enhancement and the prevention of neuronal loss associated with Alzheimer's disease
160. HRT and dementia
161. Estrogen use and early onset Alzheimer's disease: a population based study
162. Use of structural imaging to study the progression of Alzheimer's disease
163. Early diagnosis of dementia via a two-step screening and diagnostic procedure
164. Estrogen replacement therapy and coronary heart disease: a quantitative assessment of the epidemiologic evidence
165. Enhanced cognitive performance with estrogen use in nondemented community dwelling older women
166. Increased synaptic sprouting in response to estrogen via an apolipoprotein E-dependent mechanism: implications for Alzheimer's disease
167. Delayed recall in dementia sensitivity and specificity in patients with higher than average intellectual abilities
168. Estrogen replacement therapy and cognitive functioning in the artherosclerotic risk in communities (ARIC) study
169. Effect of estrogen during the menopause on risk and age of onset of Alzheimer's disease
170. Estrogen as a treatment for AD: commentary
171. Estrogen receptors colocalize with low-affinity nerve growth factor receptors in cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain
172. NAMS-Gallup survey on women's knowledge, information sources and attitudes to menopause and hormone replacement therapy
173. Surgically menopausal women on estrogen have better cognitive performance
174. Effects of estrogen on cognition, mood, and cerebral blood flow in AD
175. Postmenopausal estrogen replacement therapy and risk of AD
176. NMDA receptor type 2D gene as target for estrogen receptor in the brain
177. Failure of nalmefene and estrogen to improve memory in Alzheimer's disease
178. Recent patterns of hormone replacement therapy use in a large managed care organization
179. Quality of life of postmenopausal women on a regimen of transdermal estradiol therapy
180. Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors: findings for women from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994
181. The hippocampus and conditioning to contextual cues
182. Two weeks of transdermal estradiol treatment in postmenopausal elderly women and its effect on memory and mood
183. Roles of estradiol and progestrone in regulation of hippocampal dendritic spine density during oestrus cycles in the rat
184. Naturally occurring fluctuation in dendritic spine density on adult hippocampal pyramidal neurons
185. Plasma homocysteine and menopausal status
186. Megatrials of hormonal replacement therapy
187. Estrogen reduces neuronal generation of Alzheimer beta-amyloid peptides
188. Cognitive decline in women in relation to non-proetin-bound oestradiol concentrations
189. Estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women
190. Estrogen use, ApoE, and cognitive decline
191. Serum estrogen levels, cognitive performance, and risk of cognitive decline in older community women
192. Blood-brain barrier permeability regional alterations after acute and chronic administration of ethinyl estradiol