Designer egg evaluation in a controlled trial

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 54, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 298-305

  Surai, P F ^a   MacPherson, A ^a   Speake, B K ^a   Sparks, N H C ^a  

^a SCOTTISH AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Antioxidants; Designer eggs; DHA; Humans; Lutein; Se; Vitamin E

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; CHOLESTEROL; CHOLESTEROL ESTER; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; FATTY ACID; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PHOSPHOLIPID; SELENIUM; TRACE ELEMENT; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; XANTHOPHYLL;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE; BLOOD SAMPLING; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIETARY INTAKE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; EGG; FEMALE; FOOD COMPOSITION; FOOD INTAKE; FOOD QUALITY; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PALATABILITY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; UNITED KINGDOM;

ADULT; BLOOD PRESSURE; CHOLESTEROL, HDL; CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACIDS; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; EGGS; FEMALE; HUMANS; LUTEIN; MALE; MICRONUTRIENTS; MIDDLE AGED; SELENIUM; VITAMIN E;

EID: 0034035190     PISSN: 09543007     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600939     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Akins JR, Waldrep K & Bernert JT Jr (1989): The estimation of total serum lipids by a completely enzymatic 'summation' method. Clin. Chim. Acta. 184, 219-226.
2. Barclay MNI, MacPherson A & Dixon J (1995): Se content of a range of UK foods. J. Food Comp. Anal. 8, 307-318.
3. Bendich A, Mallick R & Leader S (1997): Potential health economic benefits of vitamin supplementation. West J. Med. 166, 306-312.
4. Bodner CH, Soutar A, New SA, Scaife AR, Byros M, Henderson GD, Brown K & Godden DJ (1998): Validation of a food frequency questionnaire for use in a Scottish population: correlation of antioxidant vitamin intakes with biochemical measures. J. Human Nutr. Diet 11, 373-380.
5. Cantor A H (1997): The role of Se in poultry nutrition. In: Biotechnology in the Feed Industry, ed Lyons TP & Jacques KA, PP155-164. Nottingham University press.
6. Chan AC (1998): Vitamin E and atherosclerosis. J. Nutr. 128, 1593-1596.
7. Cherian G, Wolfe FW & Sim JS (1996): Dietary oils with added tocopherols: Effects on egg or tissue tocopherols, fatty acids, and oxidative stability. Poult. Sci. 75, 423-431.
8. Chopra PA, Willson RL & Thurnham DI (1993): Free radical scavenging of lutein in vitro. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 691, 246-249.
9. Christie WW (1982): Isolation of lipids from tissues. In: Lipid Analysis: Isolation, Separation, Identification and Structural Analysis of Lipids, ed. W Christie, pp 17-25, 2nd edn. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
10. Christie WW, Noble RC & Moore JH (1970): Determination of lipid classes by gas chromatographic procedure. Analyst. 95, 940-944.
11. Chung-Ahuja JK, Holden JM, Forman MR, Mangels AR, Beecher GR & Lanza E (1993): The development and application of a carotenoid database for fruits, vegetables, and selected multicomponent foods. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 93, 318-323.
12. Cid-Ruzafa J, Caulfield LE, Barron Y & West SK (1999): Nutrient intakes and adequacy among an older population on the eastern shore of Maryland: the Salisbury Eye Evaluation. J. Am. Diet Assoc. 99, 564-571.
13. Clark LC, Combs GF, Turnbull BW, State EH, Chalker DK, Chow J, Davis LS, Glover RA, Graham GF, Gross EG, Krongrad A, Lesher JL, Park HK, Sanders BB, Smith CL & Taylor JR (1996): Effects of Se supplementation for cancer prevention in patients with carcinoma of the skin. JAMA 276, 1957-1963.
14. Cruikshank E M (1934): Studies in fat metabolism in the fowl, Biochem. J. 28, 965-977.
15. Dawber TR, Nickerson RJ, Brand FN & Pool J (1982): Eggs, serum cholesterol and coronary heart disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 36, 617-625.
16. De Deckere EA, Korver O, Verschuren PM & Katan MB (1998): Health aspects of fish and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from plant and marine origin, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 52, 749-753.
17. De Waart FG, Portengen L, Doekes G., Verwaal CJ & Kok FJ (1997): Effect of 3 months vitamin E supplementation on indices of the cellular and humoral immune response in elderly subjects. Br. J. Nutr. 78, 761-774.
18. Department of Health (1991): Dietary Reference values for food the United Kingdom. Committee of Medical Aspects of Food Policy. London: HMSO.
19. Diplock AT, Charleux J-L, Crozier-Willi G, Kok FJ, Rice-Evans C, Roberfroid M, Stahl W & Vina-Ribes J (1998): Functional food science and defence against reactive oxidative species. Br. J. Nutr. 80(Suppl 1), S77-S112.
20. Farrell DJ (1998): Enrichment of hens eggs with n-3 long-chain fatty acids and evaluation of the enriched eggs in humans. Am. J. Clin Nutr. 68, 538-544.
21. Gey KF (1995): Cardiovascular disease and vitamins. Concurrent correction of 'suboptimal' plasma antioxidant levels may, as important part of 'optimal' nutrition, help to prevent early stages of cardiovascular disease and cancer, respectively. Bibl. Nutr. Dieta. 52, 75-91.
22. Granado F, Olmedilla B, Gil-Martinez E & Blanco I (1998): Lutein ester in serum after lutein supplementation in human subjects. Br. J. Nutr. 80, 445-449.
23. Green P & Yavin E (1998): Mechanisms of docosahexaenoic acid accretion in the fetal brain, J Neurosci. Res. 52, 129-136
24. Hart DJ & Scott KJ (1995): Development and evaluation of an HPLC method for the analysis of carotenoids in foods, and the measurement of the carotenoid content of vegetable and fruits commonly consumed in the UK. Food Chem. 54, 101-111.
25. Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Rimm EB, Manson JE, Ascherio A, Colditz GA, Rosner BA, Spiegelman D, Speizer FE, Sacks FM, Hennekens CH & Willett WC (1999): A prospective study of egg consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease in men and women. J. Am. Med. Ass. 281, 1387-1394.
26. Kato A (1998) Chemistry of functional substances in poultry eggs and its applications to human health. In Proceding 6th Asian Pacific Poultry Congress. Nagoya Japan pp 52-57
27. Kinsella JE, Lokesh B & Stone RA (1990): Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and amelioration of cardiovascular disease: possible mechanisms. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 52, 1-28.
28. Kritchevsky SB (1999) β-carotene, carotenoids and the prevention of coronary heart disease. J. Nutr. 129, 5-8.
29. Lachance PA (1996): Future vitamin and antioxidant RDAs for health promotion. Prev. Med. 25, 46-47.
30. Lai Shu-Mei, Gray JI, Chen C & Grulke EA (1996a): Nitrogen oxide-initiated cholesterol oxidation and carotenoid degradation in an egg lipid model system, J. Sci. Food Agric. 72, 179-186.
31. Lai Shu-Mei Gray JI, Partridge JA & Flegal CJ (19964): Stability of cholesterol and papirka carotenoids in egg powders as influenced by dietary and processing treatments. J. Sci Food Agric. 72, 171-178.
32. Leskanich CO & Noble RC (1997): Manipulation of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of avian egg and meat. World's Poultry Sci. J. 53, 155-183.
33. Macpherson A & Bacso J (1995): Beard calcium concentration as a marker for coronary heart disease as affected by supplementation with micro-nutrients including Se. Analyst 120, 871-875.
34. Mayne ST (1996): Beta-carotene, carotenoids, and disease prevention in humans. FASEB J. 10, 606-701.
35. Mayne ST, Cartmel B, Silva F, Kim CS, Fallon BG, Briskin K, Zheng T, Baum M, Shor-Posner G & Goodwin WJ Jr (1998): Effect of supplemental β-carotene on plasma concentrations of carotenoids, retinol, and α-tocopherol in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 68, 642-647.
36. Mazza G (1998) Functional Foods Biochemical and Processing aspects. Lancaster, SA, Technomic.
37. McEwan SR, Hau C, Daly F & Forbes CD (1998): Heart and arterial disease risk factors measured in an office workforce: changes from 1993 to 1996. The Scottish Heart and Arterial Risk Prevention Group (SHARP). Scott Med. J. 43, 74-77.
38. McMurray CH, Blanchflower WJ & Rice DA (1980): Influence of extraction techniques on the determination of α-tocopherol in animal feedstuffs. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 63, 1258-1261.
39. McNamara DJ (1997): Cholesterol intake and plasma cholesterol: an update. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 16, 530-534.
40. Meydani M (1995): Vitamin E. Lancet. 345, 170-175.
41. Muller H, Bub A, Watzl B & Rechkemmer G (1996): Plasma concentrations of carotenoids in healthy volunteers after intervention with carotenoid-rich foods. Eur. J. Nutr. 38, 35-44.
42. Naber EC (1993): Modifing vitamin composition of eggs: a review. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 2, 385-393.
43. Nebeling LC, Forman MR, Graubard BI & Snyder RA (1997): Changes in carotenoid intake in the United States: the 1987 and 1992 National Health Interview Surveys. J. Am. Diet Assoc. 97, 991-996.
44. Oh SY, Ryue J, Hseih CH & Bell DE (1991): Eggs enriched in omega-3 fatty acids and alterations in lipid concentrations in plasma and lipoproteins and in blood pressure. Am. J. Clin Nutr. 54, 689-695.
45. Oku T, Kato H, Kunishige-Taguchi T, Hattori M, Wada K & Hayashi M (1996): Stability of fat soluble components such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and physicochemical properties in EPA- and DHA-enriched eggs. Jap. J. Nutr. 54, 109-119.
46. Olmedilla A B., Granado L.F., Gil M.E., Blamco N.I. & Rojas HI (1991) Serum status of carotenoids in control subjects and its relation to the diet. Nutr. Hosp. 12, 245-249.
47. Paetau I, Khachick F, Brown ED, Beecher GR, Kramer TR, Chittams J & Clevidence BA (1998): Chronic ingestion of lycopene-rich tomato juice or lycopene supplements significantly increases plasma concentrations of lycopene and related tomato carotenoids in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 68, 1187-1195.
48. Parker RS, Swanson JE, You CS, Edwards AJ & Huang T (1999): Bioavailability of carotenoids in human subjects. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 58, 155-162.
49. Pelletier X, Thouvenot P, Belbraouet S, Chayvialle JA, Hanesse B, Mayeux D & Debry G (1996): Effect of egg consumption in healthy volunteers: influence of yolk, white or whole-egg on gastric emptying and on glycemic and hormonal responses. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 40, 109-115.
50. Pelz R, Schmidt-Faber B & Heseker H (1998): Carotenoid intake in the German National Food Consumption Survey. Z. Ernahrungswiss. 37, 329-327.
51. Reilly C (1998): Se: A new entrant into the functional food arena. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 9, 114-118.
52. Rudman D, Abbasi AA, Isaacson K & Karpiuk E (1995): Observations on the nutrient intakes of eating-dependent nursing home residents: underutilization of micronutrient supplements. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 14, 604-613.
53. Sanders TA (1993): Marine oils metabolic effects and role in human nutrition. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 52, 457-472.
54. Sargent JR (1997): Fish oils and human diet. Br. J. Nutr. 78, S5-S13.
55. Schnohr P, Thomsen OO, Riis Hansen P, Boberg-Ans G, Lawaetz H & Weeke T (1994): Egg consumption and high density lipoprotein cholesterol. J. Int. Med. 235, 249-251.
56. Scott KJ, Thurnham DI, Hart DJ, Bingham SA & Day K (1996): The correlation between the intake of lutein, lycopene and beta-carotene from vegetables and fruits, the blood plasma concentrations in a group of women aged 50-65 years in the UK. Br. J. Nutr. 75, 409-418.
57. Scott R, MacPherson A, Yates RWS, Hussain B, & Dixon J (1998): The effect of oral Se supplementation on human sperm motility. Br. J. Urol. 82, 76-80.
58. Shahidi F & Wanasundra UN (1998): Omega-3 fatty acid concentrates: nutritional aspects and production technologies. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 9, 230-240.
59. Smith WC, Kenicer MB, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Clark EC & Crombie IK (1990): Prevalence of coronary heart disease in Scotland: Scottish Heart Health Study. Br. Heart J. 64, 295-298.
60. Sommerburg O, Keunen JE, Bird AC & Kuijk FJ (1998): Fruits and vegetables that are sources for lutein, and zeaxanthin: the macular pigment in human eyes. Br. J. Ophtalmol. 82, 907-910.
61. Speake BK, Murray AMB & Noble RC (1998): Transport and transformation of yolk lipids during development of the avian embryo. Prog. Lipid Res. 37, 1-32.
62. Speake BK, Surai PF, Noble RC, Beer JV & Wood N (1999): Differences in egg lipid and antioxidant composition between wild and captive pheasants and geese. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 124B, 101-107.
63. Stillwell W, Jenski LJ, Crump FT & Ehringer W (1997): Effect of docosahexaenoic acid on mouse mitochondrial membrane properties. Lipids 32, 497-506.
64. Surai PF (1999): Vitamin E in avian reproduction. Poult. Avian Biol. Rev. 10, 1-60.
65. Surai PF, Noble RC & Speake BK (1996): Tissue-specific differences in antioxidant distribution and susceptibility to lipid peroxidation during development of the chick embryo. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1304, 1-10.
66. Surai PF & Speake BK (1998): Distribution of carotenoids from the yolk to the tissues of the chick embryo. J. Nutr. Biochem. 9, 645-651.
67. Surai PF, Speake BK, Noble RC & Sparks NHC (1999): Tissue-specific antioxidant profiles and susceptibility to lipid peroxidation of the newly hatched chick. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 68, 63-78.
68. Takahata K, Monobe K, Tada M & Weber PC (1998): The benefits and risks of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 62, 2079-2085.
69. Tucker KL, Chen H, Vogel S, Wilson PVF, Schaefer EJ & Lammni-Keefe CJ (1999) Carotenoid intakes. assessed by dietary questionnaire, are associated with plasma carotenoid concentration in an elderly population. J. Nutr. 129, 428-445.
70. Tunstall-Pedoe H, Smith WC, Crombie JK & Tavendale R (1989): Coronary risk factor and lifestyle variation across Scotland: results from Scottish Heart Health Study. Scott Med J. 34, 556-560.
71. Uauy R, Peirano P, Hoffman D, Mena P, Birch D & Birch E (1996): Role of essential fatty acids in the function of the developing nervous system. Lipids. 31, S167-S176.
72. Van Elswyk ME (1997): Nutritional and physiological effects of flax seed in diets for laying fowl. World's Poult. Sci. 53, 253-264.
73. Van Elswyk ME, Sams AR & Hargis PS (1992): Composition, functionality, and sensory evaluation of eggs from hens fed dietary menhaden oil. J Food Sci. 57, 342-349.
74. Van het Hof KH, Tijburg LBM, de Doer HSM, Wiseman SA & Weststrate JA (1998): Antioxidant fortified margarine increases the antioxidant status. Eur J. Clin. Nutr. 52, 292-299.
75. Weber P, Bendich A & Machlin LJ (1997): Vitamin E and human health: rationale for determining recommended intake levels, Nutrition 13, 450-460.
76. Wheeler P, Peterson DW & Michaels GD (1959): Fatty acid distribution in egg yolk as influenced by type and level of dietary fat. J Nutr. 69, 253-260.
77. Whichelow MJ & Prevost AT (1996): Dietary patterns and their associations with demographic, lifestyle and health variables in a random sample of British adults. Br. J. Nutr. 76, 17-30.
78. Wrieden WL, & Moore EJ (1995): The dietary habits of 11-12 year-old children in two Tayside secondary schools - comparison with the targets set by the Scottish Diet Report. Health Bull (Edinb.) 53, 299-306.
79. Yaffee M, Schutz H, Stone J, Bokhari S & Zeidler G (1991): Consumer perception and utilization of eggs and egg products. Poult Sci. 70(Suppl 1), 88
80. Yu G, Li JQ, Chen ZS, He SY & Zhu HM (1996): Studies on raising the nutritive value of eggs by adding medical herbs and trace elements in Se feeds for laying hens. J. Shanghai Agr. Coll. 14, 267-272.
81. 3 on Se contents in children's hair from Yunnan endemic areas of Keshan disease. Endemn. Dis. Bull. 13, 1-3.