Nucleobase transporters (Review)

Molecular Membrane Biology

Volumn 17, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 75-94

  De Koning, H ^a   Diallinas, G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS   (Greece)

Author keywords

Ascorbic acid; Protein families; Purine; Pyrimidine; Regulation; Topogenesis; Transporter

Indexed keywords

6 MERCAPTOPURINE DERIVATIVE; ACICLOVIR; ADENINE; ALLOPURINOL; ASCORBIC ACID; CARBOVIR; CARRIER PROTEIN; DESCICLOVIR; GANCICLOVIR; GUANINE; HYPOXANTHINE; NUCLEIC ACID BASE; OXIPURINOL; PURINE; PURINE DERIVATIVE; PYRIMIDINE; THEOPHYLLINE; URIC ACID;

ALGA; AMINO ACID METABOLISM; AMINO ACID TRANSPORT; BACTERIUM; CELL MEMBRANE TRANSPORT; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; FUNGUS; MAMMAL; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PLANT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTOZOON; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY; STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATION;

ALGAE; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); FUNGI; MAMMALIA; METAZOA; PROKARYOTA; PROTOZOA; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 0033861311     PISSN: 09687688     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/09687680050117101     Document Type: Review

References (164)

1. Crithidia luciliae: Starvation for purines and/or phosphate leads to the enhanced surface expression of a protein responsible for 3'-nucleotidase/nuclease activity
2. Enhanced acquisition of purine nucleosides and nucleobases by purine-starved Crithidia luciliae
3. Uric acid provides an antioxidant defense in humans against oxidant- and radical-caused aging and cancer: A hypothesis
4. Uracil uptake in Escherichia coli K-12: Isolation of uraA mutants and cloning of the gene
5. An overview of membrane transport proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
6. Expression of a novel high-affinity purine nucleobase transport function in mutant mammalian lymphoblasts
7. Nitrogen metabolite repression in Aspergillus nidulans
8. Initiator constitutive mutation with an 'up-promoter' effect in Aspergillus nidulans
9. Trypanosome glucose transporters
10. Hypoxanthine transport in the guinea pig and human placenta is a carrier-mediated process that does not involve nucleoside transporters
11. Purine nucleoside and nucleobase cell membrane transport in Giardia lamblia
12. The transport of pyrimidines into tissue rings cut from rat small intestine
13. Adenine transport in Escherichia coli
14. Cloning and transcriptional control of a eukaryotic permease gene
15. Molecular cloning, immunochemical localization to the vacuole, and expression in transgenic yeast and tobacco of a putative sugar transporter from sugar beet
16. Xanthine metabolism in Bacillus subtilis: Characterization of the xpt-pbuX operon and evidence for purine- and nitrogen-controlled expression of genes involved in xanthine salvage and catabolism
17. Understanding, improving and using green fluorescent proteins
18. Specificity of uracil uptake in Neurospora crassa
19. Membrane topology analysis of the Escherichia coli cytosine permease
20. Characterization of the Escherichia coli codBA operon encoding cytosine permease and cytosine deaminase
21. Use of analogues and the substrate specificity of mutants in analysis of purine uptake and breakdown in Aspergillus nidulans
22. Cloning and functional characterization of the human sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters hSVCT1 and hSVCT2
23. Stimulated transport of hypoxanthine in Crithidia luciliae: Relationship to purine stress
24. Hypoxanthine uptake through a purine-selective nucleobase transporter in Trypanosoma brucei brucei procyclics is driven by protonmotive force
25. Purine nucleobase transport in bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei brucei is mediated by two novel transporters
26. A highly selective, high affinity transporter for uracil in Trypanosoma brucei brucei; evidence for proton-dependent transport
27. Characterisation of a nucleoside/proton symporter in procyclic Trypanosoma brucei brucei
28. Differential regulation of nucleoside and nucleobase transport in Crithidia fasciculata and Trypanosoma brucei in response to purine stress
29. The uracil permease of Schizosaccharomyces pombe: A representative of a family of 10 transmembrane helix transporter proteins of yeasts
30. Kinetic study of the plasma membrane potential in procyclic and bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei brucei using the fluorescent probe bisoxonol
31. A gene coding for the uric acid-xanthine permease of Aspergillus nidulans: Inactivational cloning, characterisation and sequence of a cis-acting mutation
32. Genetic and molecular characterisation of a gene encoding a wide specificity purine permease of Aspergillus nidulans reveals a novel family of transporters conserved in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
33. Chimeric protein analysis reveals a region involved in function and specificity of purine transporters in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans conserved in bacteria, plants and metazoans
34. Purine nucleobase transport in human erythrocytes; reinvestigation with a novel 'inhibitor-stop' assay
35. Desciclovir permeation of the human erythrocyte membrane by nonfacilitated diffusion
36. Transport of 5-fluorouracil and uracil into human erythrocytes
37. Membrane permeation mechanisms of 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides
38. A novel iron-regulated metal transporter from plants identified by functional expression in yeast
39. Enzymatic and metabolic studies with allopurinol
40. The purine path to chemotherapy
41. Renal clearance of oxipurinol, the chief metabolite of allopurinol
42. Isolation and characterization of a thiamine transport gene, THI10, from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
43. A low-affinity nucleobase transporter in the protozoan parasite Giardia intestinalis
44. 1 cells reveals a novel family that is homologous to bacterial and Aspergillus nucleobase transporters
45. Functional analyses of mutated purine-cytosine permease from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A possible role of the hydrophilic segment 371-377 in the active carrier conformation
46. Screening of intragenic second-site suppressor of purine-cytosine permease from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Possible role of Ser272 in the base translocation process
47. The role of adenosine and 2'-deoxyadenosine in mammalian cells
48. Ascorbate is an outstanding anioxidant in human blood plasma
49. Expression cloning in yeast of a cDNA encoding a broad specificity amino acid permease from Arabidopsis thaliana
50. Ubiquitin lys63 is involved in ubiquitination of a yeast plasma membrane protein
51. 'ER degradation' of a mutant yeast plasma membrane protein by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway
52. Ubiquitination mediated by the Npi1p/Rsp5p ubiquitin-protein ligase is required for endocytosis of the yeast uracil permease
53. The yeast plasma membrane uracil permease is stabilized against stress-induced degradation by a point mutation in a cyclin-like 'destruction box'
54. Membrane topology of the yeast uracil permease
55. Nucleobase transporter-mediated permeation of 2', 3'-dideoxyguanosine in human erythrocytes and human CCRF-CEM cells
56. Purine stress in Crithidia: Adaptation of a parasite to environmental stress
57. The pyrimidine biosynthesis operon of the thermophile Bacillus caldolyticus includes genes for uracil phosphoribosyltransferase and uracil permease
58. A new family of high-affinity transporters for adenine, cytosine, and purine derivatives in Arabidopsis
59. Cyclin is degraded by the ubiquitin pathway
60. Sequence and regulation of the uapA gene encoding a uric acid-xanthine permease in the fungus Aspergillus nidulans
61. Enzyme regulation in a trypanosomatid: Effect of purine starvation on levels of 3'-nucleotidase activity
62. Detection of purine cytosine permease of S. cerevisiae: Use of antibodies against a synthetic peptide corresponding to a predicted sequence in the N-terminal domain of the protein
63. 1)
64. Characterisation of a sodium-dependent concentrative nucleobase-transport system in guinea-pig kidney cortex brush-border membrane vesicles
65. Nucleoside and nucleobase transport systems of mammalian cells
66. A purine permease in Candida glabrata
67. 2+
68. Crithidia luciliae: Regulation of purine nucleoside transport by extracellular purine concentrations
69. Purine and pyrimidine metabolism in the trypanosomatidae
70. The specificity of purine base and nucleotide uptake in promastigotes of Leishmania braziliensis panamensis
71. Conservation and transformation of energy by bacterial membranes
72. Purine base transport in wild-type and mycophenolic acid-resistant Tritrichomonas foetus
73. NPI1, an essential yeast gene involved in induced degradation of Gap1 and Fur4 permeases, encodes the Rsp5 ubiquitin-protein ligase
74. Gettin' down with ubiquitin: Turning off cell-surface receptors, transporters and channels
75. Layer on layer: The Bruce F. Cain memorial award lecture
76. Identification of a novel membrane transporter associated with intracellular membranes by phenotypic complementation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
77. Fluorocytosine causes uncoupled dissipation of the proton gradient and behaves as an imperfect substrate of the yeast cytosine permease
78. Cloning a plant amino acid transporter by functional complementation of a yeast amino acid transport mutant
79. Determination of absorption characteristics of AG337, a novel thymidylate synthase inhibitor, using a perfused rat intestinal model
80. Hypoxanthine transport and transient expression of possible regulatory proteins in COS-1 cells
81. Genetic and physiological aspects of resistance to 5-fluoropyrimidines in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
82. Uracil transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
83. Primary structure of the uracil transport protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
84. Renal handling of hypoxanthine and xanthine in normal subjects and in four cases of idiopathic renal hypouricemia
85. Inhibition of the intestinal transport of uracil by hexoses and amino acids
86. Novel and unusual nucleosides as drugs
87. Membrane transport of nucleobases: Interaction with inhibitors
88. Adenine and hypoxanthine transport in human erythrocytes: Distinct substrate effects on carrier mobility
89. Actin and fimbrin are required for the internalization step of endocytosis in yeast
90. The regulatory gene areA mediating nitrogen metabolite repression in Aspergillus nidulans. Mutations affecting specificity of gene activation alter a loop residue of a putative zinc finger
91. The parasitophorous vacuole membrane surrounding Plasmodium and Toxoplasma: An unusual compartment in infected cells
92. Purine base transport in Neurospora crassa
93. Guanine uptake and metabolism in Neurospora crassa
94. Enantiomeric selectivity of carbovir transport
95. Acyclovir transport into human erythrocytes
96. Ganciclovir permeation of the human erythrocyte membrane
97. A PEST-like sequence mediates phosphorylation and efficient ubiquitination of yeast uracil permease
98. Purine and pyrimidine transport and phosphoribosylation and their interaction in overall uptake by cultured mammalian cells. A re-evaluation
99. A nucleoside transporter from Trypanosoma brucei involved in drug resistance
100. 449 are critical for the uptake capacity and specificity of UapA, a prototype of a universally conserved nucleobase-ascorbate transporter family
101. Ureides and enzymes of ureide synthesis in wheat seeds and leaves and effect of allopurinol on Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici infection
102. Effect of rust infection on purine catabolism enzyme levels in wheat leaves
103. Restriction site-independent formation of chimeras from homologous neurotransmitter-transporter cDNAs
104. Classification of all putative permeases and other membrane plurispanners of the major facilitator superfamily encoded by the complete genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
105. Substrate recognition domain of the Gal2 galactose transporter in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as revealed by chimeric galactose-glucose transporters
106. Ascorbate and urate are the strongest determinants of plasma antioxidative capacity and serum lipid resistance to oxidation in finnish men
107. Hypoxanthine enters human vascular endothelial cells (ECV 304) via the nitrobenzylthioinosine-insensitive equilibrative nucleoside transporter
108. Pyrimidine biosynthesis in Aspergillus nidulans. Isolation and characterisation of mutants resistant to fluoropyrimidines
109. Expression of substrate-specific transporters encoded by Plasmodium falciparum in Xenopus laevis oocytes
110. Only one of the charged amino acids located in membrane-spanning regions is important for the function of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae uracil permease
111. Characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytosine transporter using energizable plasma membrane vesicles
112. Nucleoside and nucleobase transport in mammalina cells
113. Evidence for a common transport system for cytosine, adenine, and hypoxanthine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans
114. Transport of the anti-varicella-zoster virus agent 6-methoxypurine arabinoside and its 2'-O-valerate prodrug into human erythrocytes
115. Regulation of codBA operon expression in Escherichia coli by UTP-dependent reiterative transcription and the UTP-sensitive transcriptional start site switching
116. Human placental sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter (SVTC2): Molecular cloning and transport function
117. Transport of purine, pyrimidine bases and nucleosides in Candida albicans, a pathogenic yeast
118. Subtle hydrophobic interactions between the seventh residue of the Zinc finger loop and the first base of an HGATAR sequence determine promoter-specific recognition by the Aspergillus nidulans GATA factor Area
119. Allopurinol transport in human erythrocytes
120. Energy coupling in hypoxanthine transport in yeast; potentiometric evidence for proton symport and potassium antiport
121. Biosynthesis of nucleotides
122. Allopurinol in the treatment of gout
123. Regulation of hypoxanthine transport in Neurospora crassa
124. Genome archeology leading to the characterization and classification of transport proteins
125. A functional-phylogenetic system for the classification of transport proteins
126. Genetic and physiological characterization of Bacillus subtilis mutants resistant to purine analogs
127. The purine degradation pathway, genetics, biochemistry and regulation
128. The nature of an initiator constitutive mutation in Aspergillus nidulans
129. Photoaffinity labeling and characterization of the cloned purine-cytosine transport system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
130. The ureides
131. Leaf permease1 gene of maize is required for chloroplast development
132. Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites possess an unusual plasma membrane adenosine transporter
133. Uracil-induced down-regulation of the yeast uracil permease
134. Serum urate as an antioxidant for ascorbic acid
135. Nucleobase transport in oposssum kidney epithelial cells and Xenopus laevis oocytes: The characterisation, structure-activity relationship of uracil analogues and oocyte expression studies of sodium-dependent and -independent hypoxanthine uptake
136. Membrane insertion of uracil permease, a polytopic yeast plasma membrane protein
137. Gout and hyperuricemia
138. Identification and characterization of the thiamine transporter gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
139. The solution structure of a fungal AREA protein-DNA complex: An alternative binding mode for the basic carboxyl tail of GATA factors
140. The solution structure of the Leu22→Val mutant AREA DNA binding domain complexed with a TGATAG core element defines a role for hydrophobic packing in the determination of specificity
141. Purine salvage in two halophilic archaea: Characterization of salvage pathways and isolation of mutants resistant to purine analogs
142. The sequence and binding specificity of UaY, the specific regulator of the purine utilization pathway in Aspergillus nidulans, suggests an evolutionary relationship with the PPR1 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
143. The Doa4 deubiquitinating enzyme is required for ubiquitin homeostasis in yeast
144. Regulation of the Bacillus subtilis pyrimidine biosynthetic operon by transcriptional attenuation: Control of gene expression by an mRNA-binding protein
145. A yeast metal resistance protein similar to human cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and multi-drug resistance-associated protein
146. Genetic and metabolic regulatuion of purine base transport in Neurospora crassa
147. +-dependent L-ascorbic acid transporters
148. Regulation of the Bacillus subtilis pyrimidine biosynthetic (pyr) gene cluster by an autonomous transcriptioanal attenutation mechanism
149. Expression of the high-affinity purine nucleobase transporter in mutant mouse S49 cells does not require a functional wild-type nucleoside-nucleo-base transporter
150. Immunological detection and subcellular localization of the general purine transporter UapC from Aspergillus nidulans
151. Functional production and reconstitution of the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter (hENT1) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
152. + pumping by Leishmania major promastigotes
153. Degradation of purines and pyrimidines by microorganisms
154. In vivo phosphorylation of the yeast uracil permease
155. Endocytosis and degradation of the yeast uracil permease under adverse conditions
156. The ORF YBL042 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a uridine permease
157. +-dependent transporter with broad substrate selectivity
158. Mechanisms of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) transport in isolated rabbit choroid plexus tissue slices
159. The purine-cytosine permease of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Primary structure and deduced protein sequence of the FCY2 gene product
160. Urate transport in the nephron
161. The allantoin and uracil permease gene sequences of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are nearly identical
162. Intestinal brush border transport mechanism of 5-fluorouracil
163. Transport of nutrients and ions across membranes of trypanosomatids
164. Identification of a surface membrane proton-translocating ATPase in promastigotes of the parasitic protozoan Leishmania donovani