Nd-Fe-B films and microstructures

International Materials Reviews

Volumn 44, Issue 4, 1999, Pages 121-131

  Kruusing, A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OULU   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPOSITION EFFECTS; CRYSTAL MICROSTRUCTURE; DEPOSITION; FILM PREPARATION; MAGNETIC PROPERTIES; MAGNETIC TAPE; MAGNETIC THICK FILMS; MAGNETIC THIN FILMS; METALLIC FILMS; PERMANENT MAGNETS; SUBSTRATES; THERMAL EFFECTS;

VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY;

NEODYMIUM ALLOYS;

EID: 0033354910     PISSN: 09506608     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1179/095066099101528252     Document Type: Review

References (138)

1. R. H. J. FASTENAU and E. J. van LOENEN: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1996, 157/158, 1-6.
2. R. HANITSCH: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1989, 80, 119-130.
3. V. S. RAMSDEN: in 'Rare-earth magnets and their applications', Vol. 2, (ed. L. Schultz and K.-H. Müller), 623-642; 1998, Frankfurt, Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft mbH.
4. P. CAMPBELL: in 'Rare-earth magnets and their applications', Vol. 2, (ed. L. Schultz and K.-H. Müller), 681-687; 1998, Frankfurt, Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft mbH.
5. T. HONDA, K. I. ARAI, and K. ISHIYAMA: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1996, 32, (5), 5085-5087.
6. D. de BHAILÍS, C. MURRAY, M. DUFFY, J. ALDERMAN, G. KELLY, and S. C. Ó MATHÚNA: in 'Proc. 9th Workshop on Micromachining, Micromechanics and Microsystems MME '98', Ulvik, Norway, 3-5 June 1988, 256-259.
7. Y. SHINOZAWA, T. ABE, and T. KONDO: in 'Proc. IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems', Piscataway, NJ, 1997, Institution of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 233-237.
8. A. FEUSTEL, O. KRUSEMARK, and J. MÜLLER: in 'Proc. Micro System Technologies '96 (MST)', Potsdam, Germany, 17-19 September 1996, (ed. H. Reichl and A. Heuberger): 1996, Berlin, Offenbach, VDE-Verlag.
9. P. LOSANTOS, J. A. PLAZA, J. ESTEVE, and C. CANÉ: in 'Eurosensors XI, 11th European Conf. on Solid State Transducers', Warsaw, Poland, 21-24 September 1997, Warsaw University of Technology, Vol. 3, 1591-1594.
10. B. WAGNER, M. KREUTZER, and W. BENECKE: J. Microelectromechan. Syst., 1993, 2, (1), 23-29.
11. R. CAROTENUTO, N. LAMBERTI, A. IULA, and M. PAPPALARDO: Sensors Actuators, 1999, 72, 262-268.
12. M. KLÖPZIG, H. WURMUS, N. SCHWESINGER, U. HEIM, S. OBERTHÜR, A. ALBRECHT, and H. BARTSCH: in 'Proc. 9th Workshop on Micromachining, Micromechanics and Microsystems MME '98', 3-5 June 1998, Ulvik, Norway, 1998, 198-201.
13. S. YAMASHITA, J. YAMASAKI, M. IKEDA, and N. IWABUCHI: J. Magn. Soc. Jpn, 1991, 15, (2), 241-244 (Translation in IEEE Transl. J. Magn. Jpn, 1992, 7, (1), 45-50).
14. S. YAMASHITA, J. YAMASAKI, M. IKEDA, and N. IWABUCHI: J. Magn. Soc. Jpn, 1991, 15, (2), 241-244 (Translation in IEEE Transl. J. Magn. Jpn, 1992, 7, (1), 45-50).
15. S. YAMASHITA, J. YAMASAKI, M. IKEDA, and N. IWABUCHI: J. Appl. Phys., 1991, 70, (10), 6627-6629.
16. C. SHEARWOOD, C. B. WILLIAMS, and R. B. YATES: in 'Eurosensors XI, 11th European Conf. on Solid State Transducers', Warsaw, Poland, 21-24 September 1997, Warsaw University of Technology, Vol. 2, 767-770.
17. W. AFFANE and T. S. BIRCH: Sensors Actuators A, 1995, 46-47, 584-587.
18. E. KALLENBACH, A. ALBRECHT, O. BIRLI, M. ECCARIUS, C. FEINDT, and V. ZÖPPIG: in '15th Int. Kolloq. Feinwerktechnik', Mainz, Germany, 25-26 September 1995, Institut für Mikrotechnik GmbH, 8 pp.
19. M. MADOU: 'Fundamentals of microfabrication', 422-423; 1997, Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press.
20. I. J. BUSCH-VISHNIAC: Sensors Actuators A, 1992, 33, 207-220.
21. H. FUJITA: in 'Proc. 1989 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation', Vol. 3, 1559-1564; 1989, Washington, DC, IEEE Computer Society Press.
22. W. TRIMMER and R. JEBENS: in 'Proc. 1989 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotic and Automation', Vol. 3, 1547-1552; 1989, Washington, DC, IEEE Computer Society Press.
23. R. G. GILBERTSON and J. D. BUSCH: 'A survey of micro-actuator technologies for future spacecraft missions': http://www. nanothinc.com / nanosci / microtech / mems / ten-actuators / gilbertson.ht.
24. F. BANCEL and G. LEMARQUAND: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1998, 34, (1), 242-247.
25. A. GREEN and D. ELY: MST News, 1997, (20), 16-17.
26. E. CHAMPION and H. N. BERTRAM: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1995, 31, (6), 2642-2644.
27. Y. NAGATA, Y. TOSAKI, T. FUKAZAWA, S. ISHIZUKA, K. WADA, S. MITANI, and K. NAKAMURA: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1995, 31, (6), 2648-2650.
28. F. J. CADIEU: J. Appl. Phys., 1987, 61, 4105-4110.
29. J. D. ADAM: J. Appl. Phys., 1987, 61, (8), 4111.
30. D. D. STANCIL: J. Appl. Phys., 1987, 61, (8), 4111.
31. M. LEVY, R. SCARMOZZINO, R. M. OSGOOD, Jr, R. WOLFE, F. J. CADIEU, H. HEDGE, C. J. GUTIERREZ, and G. A. PRINZ: J. Appl. Phys., 1994, 75, (10), 6286-6288.
32. D. J. MAPPS, R. CHANDRASEKHAR, K. O'GRADY, J. CAMBRIDGE, A. PETFORD LONG, and R. DOOLE: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1997, 33, (5), 3007-3009.
33. A. J. M. GEURTSEN, J. C. S. KOOLS, L. de WIT, and J. C. LODDER: Appl. Surf. Sci., 1996, 96-98, 887-890.
34. H. LEMKE, T. GÖDDENHENRICH, C. HEIDEN, and G. THOMAS: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1997, 33, (5), 3865-3867.
35. S. Y. CHOU, and P. R. KRAUSS: J. Appl. Phys., 1996, 79, (8), 5066.
36. J. F. ZASADZINSKI, C. U. SEGRE, and E. D. RIPPERT: J. Appl. Phys., 1987, 61, 4278-4280.
37. T. SHIMA, A. KAMEGAWA, E. AOYAGI, Y. HAYASAKA, and H. FUJIMORI: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1998, 177-181, 911-912.
38. P. HANSEN and H. HEITMANN: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1989, 25, (6), 4390-4404.
39. H. KUJIWARA: in 'Encyclopedia of applied physics', Vol. 16, 149-184; 1996, New York, VCH Publishers, Inc.
40. J. F. HERBST: Rev. Modern Phys., 1991, 63, 819-898.
41. F. CADIEU: in 'Physics of thin films', Vol. 16, 145-231; 1992, London, Academic Press.
42. F. J. CADIEU: Int. Mater. Rev., 1995, 40, (4), 137-148.
43. K. H. J. BUSCHOW: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1989, 80, 1-8.
44. K. H. J. BUSCHOW, F. H. J. FEIJEN, and K. de KORT: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1995, 140-144, 9-12.
45. R. J. RICHMAN and W. P. McNAUGHTON: J. Electron. Mater., 1997, 26, (5), 415-422.
46. E. BURZO: Rep. Prog. Phys., 1998, 61, 1099-1266.
47. M. SAGAWA, S. HIROSAWA, H. YAMAMOTO, S. FUJIMURA, and Y. MATSUURA: Jpn J. Appl. Phys., 1987, 26, 785-800.
48. S. PARHOFER, C. KUHRT, J. WECKER, and G. GIERES: J. Appl. Phys., 1998, 83, (5), 2735-2741.
49. W. RODEWALD, B. WALL, W. FERNENGEL, M. KATTER, and S. ANTOCHIN: in 'Rare-earth magnets and their applications', Vol. 2, (ed. L. Schultz and K.-H. Müller), 1021-1027; 1998, Frankfurt, Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft mbH.
50. G. K. MURALIDHAR, B. WINDOW, D. K. SOOD, and R. B. ZMOOD: J. Mater. Sci., 1998, 33, 1349-1357.
51. D. J. KEAVNEY, E. E. FULLERTON, J. E. PEARSON, and S. D. BADER: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1996, 32, (5), 4440-4442.
52. D. J. KEAVNEY, E. E. FULLERTON, J. E. PEARSON, and S. D. BADER: J. Appl. Phys., 1997, 81, (8), 4441-4443.
53. M. GASGNIER, C. COLLIEX, and T. MANOUBI: J. Appl. Phys., 1986, 59, 989-992.
54. Y. D. YAO, K. T. WU, Y. Y. CHEN, and D. N. NSU: J. Appl. Phys., 1993, 73, 5881-5883.
55. K. T. WU, Y. D. YAO, and I. KLIK: Appl. Surf. Sci., 1997, 113/114, 174-177.
56. L. G. PEREIRA, S. R. TEIXEIRA, W. H. SCHREINER, F. P. MISSELL, and I. J. R. BAUMVOL: Phys. Status Solidi (a), 1991, 125, 625-634.
57. H. LEMKE, C. ECHER, and G. THOMAS: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1996, 32, (5), 4404-4406.
58. C. J. YANG, S. W. KIM, and J. S. KANG: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1998, 188, 100-108.
59. A. KRUUSING: 1998, Unpublished results.
60. F. J. CADIEU and N. CHENCINSKI: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1975, MAG-11, (2), 227-230.
61. S. PARHOFER, G. GIERES, J. WECKER, and L. SCHULTZ: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1996, 163, 32-38.
62. M. A. ABDELLATEEF, H. LEMKE, and C. HEIDEN: Phys. Status Solidi (a), 1995, 147, K39-K43.
63. H. SUN, T. TOMIDA, S. HIROSAWA, and Y. MAEHARA: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1996, 164, 18-26.
64. J. K. ZASADZINSKI, C. U. SEGRE, E. D. RIPPERT, J. CHRZAS, and P. RADUSEWICZ: Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 1987, 96, 55-63.
65. H. LEMKE, S. MÜLLER, T. GÖDDENHENRICH, and C. HEIDEN: Phys. Status Solidi (a), 1995, 150, 723-731.
66. J. L. TSAI and T. S. CHIN: in 'Rare-earth magnets and their applications', Vol. 2, (ed. L. Schultz and K.-H. Müller), 1067-1075; 1998, Frankfurt, Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft mbH.
67. H. LEMKE, T. LANG, T. GÖDDENHENRICH, and C. HEIDEN: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1995, 148, 426-432.
68. T. ARAKI and M. OKABE: in 'IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Workshop', Piscataway, NJ, 1996, Institution of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 244-249.
69. T. ARAKI, T. NAKANISHI, and T. UMEMURA: J. Appl. Phys., 1999, 85, 4877-4879.
70. F. J. CADIEU, T. D. CHEUNG, L. WICKRAMASEKARA, and N. KAMPRATH: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1986, MAG-22, 752-754.
71. H. HOMBURG, Th. SINNEMANN, S. METHFESSEL, M. ROSENBERG, and B. X. GU: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1990, 83, 231-233.
72. B. X. GU, Y. HSIA, R. LIU, H. R. ZHAI, H. HOMBURG, and S. METHFESSEL: Hyperfine Interact., 1990, 55, 957-960.
73. J. WECKER and L. SCHULTZ: J. Appl. Phys., 1987, 62, 990-993.
74. M. YU, Y. LIU, S. H. LIOU, and D. J. SELLMYER: J. Appl. Phys., 1998, 83, 6611-6613.
75. S. N. PIRAMANAYAGAM, M. MATSUMOTO, A. MORISAKO, and S. TAKEI: J. Magn. Soc. Jpn, 1997, 21, 417-420.
76. B. A. KAPITANOV, N. V. KORNILOV, Ya. L. LINETSKY, and V. Yu. TSVETKOV: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1993, 127, 289-297.
77. K. D. AYLESWORTH, Z. R. ZHAO, D. J. SELLMYER, and G. C. HADJIPANAYIS: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1989, 82, 48-56.
78. J. STRZESZEWSKI, A. NAZARETH, G. C. HADJIPANAYIS, K. AYLESWORTH, Z. R. ZHAO, and D. J. SELLMYER: Mater. Sci. Eng., 1988, 99, 153-156.
79. B. S. VEKSHIN, B. A. KAPITANOV, N. V. KORNILOV, Ya. L. LIPETSKY, V. M. RAIGORODSKY, S. E. SOKOLOVSKY, and V. Yu. TSVETKOV: Elektrotekhnika (Russia), 1989, 60, (11), 18-20 (in Russian).
80. J. J. WYSŁOCKI: J. Mater. Sci., 1992, 27, 3777-3781.
81. J. J. WYSŁOCKI: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1992, 104-107, 363-364.
82. E. F. KNELLER and R. HAWIG: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1991, 27, 3588-3600.
83. P. C. GOUTEFF, L. FOLKS, and R. STREET: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1998, 177-181, 1241-1242.
84. Ya. L. LINETSKY, V. M. RAIGORODSKY, and V. Yu. TSVETKOV: J. Alloy. Compd., 1992, 184, 35-42.
85. F. J. CADIEU, T. D. CHEUNG, and L. WICKRAMASEKARA: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1986, 54-57, 535-536.
86. F. J. CADIEU, T. D. CHEUNG, L. WICKRAMASEKARA, N. KAMPRATH, H. HEDGE, and N. C. LIU: J. Appl. Phys., 1987, 62, 3866-3872.
87. R. A. OVERFELDT, C. D. ANDERSON, and W. F. FLANAGAN: Appl. Phys. Lett., 1986, 49, 1799-1801.
88. K. D. AYLESWORTH, Z. R. ZHAO, D. J. SELLMYER, and G. C. HADJIPANAYIS: J. Appl. Phys., 1988, 64, 5742-5744.
89. C. ANDREOULI, S. CHRISTOULAKIS, A. TSETSEKOU, and T. EFTHMIOPOULOS: Key Eng. Mater., 1997, 132-135, 1281-1284.
90. K. H. YOUNG: Physica C, 1993, 211, 1-12.
91. R. GRÖTZSCHEL, M. MÄDER, U. KREISSIG, S. GRIGULL, W. ASSMANN, and S. PARHOFER: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B, 1996, 118, 139-143.
92. S. M. PARHOFER, J. WECKER, C. KUHRT, G GIERES, and L. SCHULTZ: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1996, 32, (5), 4437-4439.
93. S. N. PIRAMANAYAGAM, M. MATSUMOTO, A. MORISAKO, and S. TAKEI: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1997, 33, (5), 3643-3645.
94. M. TALVITIE: Acta Polytech. Scand. Appl. Phys. Ser., 1993, (187), 1 -58.
95. K. D. AYLESWORTH and D. J. SELLMYER: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1991, 98, 65-70.
96. T. SHIMA, A. KAMEGAWA, and H. FUJIMORI: in 'Rare-earth magnets and their applications', Vol. 2, (ed. L. Schultz and K.-H. Müller), 1029-1034; 1998, Frankfurt, Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft mbH.
97. A. S. NAZARETH, H. D. CHOPRA, D. K. SOOD, and R. B. ZMOOD: Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 1995, 354, 511-516.
98. F. H. SALAS, C. DEHESA, G. T. PÉREZ, and J. M. ALAMEDA: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1993, 121, 548-551.
99. J. L. TSAI, E. Y. HUANG, and T. S. CHIN: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1997, 33, (5), 3646-3648.
100. J. L. TSAI and T. S. CHIN: in 'Rare-earth magnets and their applications', Vol. 2, (ed. L. Schultz and K.-H. Müller), 1057-1065; 1998, Frankfurt, Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft mbH.
101. M. SHINDO, M. ISHIZONE, H. KATO, T. MIYAZAKI, and A. SAKUMA: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1996, 161, L1 L5.
102. J. L. TSAI and T. S. CHIN: in 'Magnetic anisotropy and coercivity in rare-earth transition metal alloys', (ed. L. Schultz and K.-H. Müller), 327-334; 1998, Frankfurt, Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft mbH.
103. H. LEMKE, G. THOMAS, and D. L. MEDLIN: Nanostructured Mater., 1997, 9, 371-374.
104. S. J. NEWNHAM, J. P. JAKUBOVICS, and A. C. DAYKIN: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1996, 157/158, 39-40.
105. J. NAKAI, A. KIKUCHI, M. KUWABARA, T. SAKURAI, T. SHIMATSU, and M. TAKAHASHI: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1995, 31, (6), 2833-2835.
106. M. TAKAHASHI, A. KIKUCHI, and S. KAWAKITA: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1997, 33, (5), 2938-2943.
107. M. OHRING: 'The materials science of thin films', 95-96; 1994, Boston, MA, Academic Press.
108. D. B. CHRISEY and G. K. HUBLER (eds.): 'Pulsed laser deposition of thin films', 347; 1992, New York, Wiley.
109. T. D. CHEUNG, XIAOQIN GUO, and F. J. CADIEU: J. Appl. Phys., 1987, 61, 3979-3981.
110. I. PANAGIOTOPOULOS, X. MENG-BURANY, and G. C. HAJIPANAYIS: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1997, 172, 225-228.
111. R. SKOMSKI and J. M. D. COEY; Phys. Rev. B, 1993, 48, (21), 15812-15816.
112. R. SMOMSKI and J. M. D. COEY: IEEE Trans. Magn., 4994, 29, (6), 2680-2682.
113. B. IDZIKOWSKI, M. WOLF, A. HANDSTEIN, K. NENKOV, H.-J. ENGELMANN, F. STOBIECKI, and K.-H. MÜLLER: IEEE Trans. Magn., 1997, 33, (5), 3559-3561.
114. H. FUKUNAGA and Y. KANAI: in 'Magnetic anisotropy and coercivity in rare-earth transition metal alloys', Vol. 1, (ed. L. Schultz and K.-H. Müller), 237-250; 1998, Frankfurt, Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft mbH.
115. J. F. LIU and H. A. DAVIES: J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1996, 157/158, 29-30.
116. B. PAWLOWSKI, H. BEER, and J. TÖPFER: Key Eng. Mater., 1997, 132-136, 1409-1411.
117. H.-W. HOFFMEISTER and A. WENDA: in 'Micro system technologies 98, 6th Int. Conf. on Micro Electro, Opto, Mechanical Systems and Components', Potsdam, 1-3 December 1998, (ed. H. Reichl and E. Obermeier), 433-438; 1998, Berlin, Offenbach, VDE-Verlag GmbH.
118. P. DARIO, M. C. CARROZZA, N. CROCE, M. C. MONTESI, and M. COCCO: J. Micromech. Microeng., 1995, 5, 64-71.
119. A. KRUUSING, S. LEPPÄVUORI, A. UUSIMÄKI, and Br. PETRÊTIS: Sensors Actuators A, 1999, 74, 45-51.
120. W. EHRFELD, H. LEHR, F. MICHEL, A. WOLF, H.-P. GRUBER, and A. BERTHOLDS: Proc. SPIE, 1996, 2879, 332-337.
121. G. POPOVIC, A. WOLF, D. PETROVIC, W. BRENNER, A. VUJANIC, and P. HERBST: in 'Micro System Technologies 98, 6th Int. Conf. on Micro Electro, Opto, Mechanical Systems and Components', Potsdam, 1-3 December 1998, (ed. H. Reichl and E. Obermeier), 349-354; 1998, Berlin, Offenbach, VDE-Verlag GmbH.
122. K. MAKITA, O. YAMASHITA, and A. NAKANISHI: J. Magn. Soc. Jpn, 1998, 22, 365-368.
123. T. OTSUKA and H. MORITANI: Jpn Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 02 31,401 [90 31,401], Cl. H01 F1/06, 01 Feb 1990, Appl. 88/180,385, 21 July 1998; 8 pp.
124. B. HILLERICH and M. RODE: in 'Micro System Technologies 98, 6th Int. Conf. on Micro Electro, Opto, Mechanical Systems and Components', Potsdam, 1-3 December 1998, (ed. H. Reichl and E. Obermeier), 545-550; 1998, Berlin, Offenbach, VDE-Verlag GmbH.
125. R. W. LEE: Appl. Phys. Lett., 1985, 46, (8), 790-791.
126. A. ROTA, V. DUONG, and T. HARTWIG: in 'Micro system technologies 98, 6th Int. Conf. on Micro Electro, Opto, Mechanical Systems and Components', Potsdam, 1-3 December 1998, (ed. H. Reichl and E. Obermeier), 539-544; 1998, Berlin, Offenbach, VDE-Verlag GmbH.
127. B. PAWLOWSKI, A. RAHMIG, and J. TÖPFER: in 'Rare-earth magnets and their applications', Vol. 2, (ed. L. Schultz and K.-H. Müller), 1045-1049; 1998, Frankfurt, Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft mbH.
128. C. G. KUKLA, W. HANNENHEIM, and H. LOIBL: in 'Micro System Technologies 98, 6th Int. Conf. on Micro Electro, Opto, Mechanical Systems and Components', Potsdam, 1-3 December 1998, (ed. H. Reichl and E. Obermeier), 337-342; 1998, Berlin, Offenbach, VDE-Verlag GmbH.
129. X. SHAN and K. YANAGISAWA: Int. J. Jpn Soc. Precis. Eng., 1997, 31, (2), 121-122.
130. Y. KANEKO and N. ISHIGAKI: J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 1994, 3, 228-233.
131. S. HIROSAWA and Y. KANEKO: in 'Rare-earth magnets and their applications', Vol. 1, 43-53; 1998, Frankfurt, Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft mbH.
132. K. de KORT: in 'Proc. of 14th Int. Workshop on Rare-Earth Magnets and Their Applications', São Paulo, Brazil, 1-4 September 1996, Vol. 1, 47-56; 1996, Singapore, World Scientific.
133. F. J. CADIEU: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 1988, 6, (3), 1668-1674.
134. D. J. SELLMYER, Z. R. ZHAO, and Z. S. SHAN: J. Appl. Phys., 1987, 61, (8), 3779.
135. S. YAMASHITA, M. IKEDA, and K. HARA: IEEE Transl. J. Magn. Jpn, 1988, 3, 440-441.
136. V. M. RAIGORODSKY, Ya. L. LINETSKY, S. E. SOKOLOVSKY, and Yu. TZVETKOV: Izv. VUZOV, Tchern. Metall. (Russia), 1990, 9, 56 (in Russian).
137. I. PANAGIOTOPOULOS, G. K. NICOLAIDES, V. PSYCHARIS, and D. NIARCHOS: J. Alloy. Compd., 1994, 205, 45-47.
138. A. S. LILEEV, Ye. V. TYAGUNOV, and Yu. B. BACHINSKIY: in 'Rare-earth magnets and their applications', Vol. 2, (ed L. Schultz and K.-H. Müller), 1035-1043; 1998, Frankfurt, Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft mbH.