The IgG Fc receptor family

Annals of Hematology

Volumn 76, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 231-248

  Gessner, J E ^a   Heiken, H ^a   Tamm, A ^a   Schmidt, R E ^a  

^a HANNOVER MEDICAL SCHOOL   (Germany)

Author keywords

Allergy; Autoimmunity; Fc R; IgG; Inflammation

Indexed keywords

FC RECEPTOR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G;

ALLERGY; ANIMAL MODEL; AUTOIMMUNITY; CELLULAR IMMUNITY; GENETIC TRANSFECTION; HUMAN; HUMORAL IMMUNITY; IMMUNOREGULATION; INFLAMMATION; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC; ANIMALS; ANTIGENS, CD; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; HUMANS; HYPERSENSITIVITY; IMMUNITY, CELLULAR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; MICE; MICE, KNOCKOUT; MODELS, MOLECULAR; RECEPTORS, IGG; VASCULITIS;

EID: 0031873992     PISSN: 09395555     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s002770050396     Document Type: Review

References (169)

1. Ravetch JV, Kinet J-P (1991) Fc receptors. Annu Rev Immunol 9:457-492
2. van de Winkel JGJ, Capel PJA (1993) Human IgG Fc receptor heterogeneity: molecular aspects and clinical implications, Immunol Today 14:215-221
3. Hulett MD, Hogarth PM (1994) Molecular basis of Fc receptor function. Adv Immunol 57:1-127
4. De Haas M, Vossebeld PJM, von dem Borne AEGK, Roos D (1995) Fcγ receptors of phagocytes. J Lab Clin Med 126:330-341
5. Fridman WH, Teillaud J-L, Bouchard C, Teillaud C, Astier A. Tartour E, Galon J, Mathiot C, Satres C (1993) Soluble Fcγ receptors. J Leuk Biol 54:504-512
6. Jones SL, Brown EJ (1996) Functional cooperation between Fcγ receptors and complement receptors in phagocytes. In: van de Winkel JGJ, Capel PJA (eds) Human IgG Fc receptors. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 149-163
7. Ravetch JV (1994) Fc receptors: rubor redux. Cell 78:553-560
8. Qiu WQ, de Bruin D, Brownstein BH. Pearse R, Ravetch JV (1990) Organization of the human and mouse low-affinity FcγR genes: evidence for duplication and recombination. Science 248:732-735
9. Oakley RJ, Howard TA, Hogarth PM, Tani K, Seldin MF (1992) Chromosomal mapping of the high-affinity Fcγ receptor gene. Immunogenetics 35:279-282
10. Allen JM, Seed B (1989) Isolation and expression of functional high-affinity Fc receptor complementary DNAs. Science 243:378-381
11. Ernst LK, van de Winkel JGJ, Chiu I-M, Anderson CL (1992) Three genes for the human high-affinity Fc receptor for IgG (FcγRI) encode four distinct transcription products. J Biol Chem 267:15692-15700
12. Porges AJ, Redecha PB, Doebele R, Pan LC, Salmon JE, Kimberly RP (1992) Novel Fcγ receptor I family gene products in human mononuclear cells. J Clin Invest 90:2102-2109
13. Uciechowski P. Schwarz M, Gessner JE, Schmidt RE, Resch K, Radeke HH (1998) Interferon-γ induces the high-affinity Fc receptor class I for IgG (CD64) on human glomerular mesangial cells. Eur J Immunol (submitted)
14. Kerst JM, van de Winkel JGJ, Evans AH, de Haas M, Slaper-Cortenbach IC, de Wit TP, von dem Borne AE, van der School CE, van Oers RH (1993) Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor induces hFcγRI (CD64 antigen)-positive neutrophils via an effect on myeloid precursor cells. Blood 81:1457-1464
15. Pearse RN, Feinmann R, Ravetch JV (1991) Characterization of the promoter of the human gene encoding the high-affinity IgG receptor: transcriptional induction by γ-interferon is mediated through common DNA response elements. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88:11305-11309
16. Pearse RN, Feinman R, Shuai K, Darnell Jr, JE, Ravetch JV (1993) Interferon γ-induced transcription of the high-affinity Fc receptor for IgG requires assembly of a complex that induces the 91-KDa subunit of transcription factor ISGF3. Proc Natl Aacad Sci U S A 90:4314-4318
17. Finbloom DS, Winestock KD (1995) IL-10 induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of tyk2 and Jak1 and the differential assembly of STAT1a and STAT3 complexes in human T cells and monocytes. J Immunol 155:1079-1090
18. Bovolenta C, Gasperini S, Cassatella MA (1996) Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor induces the binding of STAT1 and STAT3 to the IFNγ response region within the promoter of the FcγRI/CD64 gene in human neutrophils. FEBS Letters 386:239-242
19. Indik ZK, Hunter S, Huang MM, Pan XQ, Chien P, Kelly C, Levinson AI, Kimberly RP, Schreiber AD (1994) The high-affinity Fcγ receptor (CD64) induces phagocytosis in the absence of its cytoplasmic domain: the γ subunit of FcγRIIIA imparts phagocytic function to FcγRI. Exp Hematol 22:599-606
20. Pfefferkorn L, Swink SL (1996) Intracluster restriction of Fc receptor γ-chain tyrosine phosphorylation subverted by a protein-tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor. J Biol Chem 271:11099-11105
21. Miller KL, Duchemin A-M, Anderson CL (1996) A novel role for the Fc receptor γ subunit: enhancement of fcγR ligand affinity. J Exp Med 183:2227-2233
22. Lowry MB, Duchemin A-M, Robinson JM, Anderson CL (1998) Functional separation of pseudopod extension and particle internalization during Fcγ receptor-mediated phagocytosis. J Exp Med 187:161-176
23. Davis W, Harrison PT, Hutchinson MJ, Allen JM (1995) Two distinct regions of FcγRI initiate separate signaling pathways involved in endocytosis and phagocytosis. EMBO J 14:432-441
24. Hulett MD, Osman N, McKenzie IFC, Hogarth PM (1991) Chimeric Fc receptors identify functional domains of the murine high-affinity receptor for IgG. J Immunol 147:1863-1868
25. Sears D, Osman N, Tate B, McKenzie IFC, Hogarth PM (1990) Molecular cloning and expression of the mouse highaffinity Fc receptor for IgG. J Immunol 144:371-378
26. Quilliam AL, Osman N, McKenzie IFC, Hogarth PM (1993) Biochemical characterization of murine FcγRI. Immunology 78:358-363
27. Gavin AL, Hamilton JA, Hogarth PM (1996) Extracellular mutations of non-obese diabetic mouse FcγRI modify surface expression and ligand binding. J Biol Chem 271:17091-17099
28. Prins J-B, Todd JA, Rodrigues NR, Ghosh S, Hogarth PM, Wicker LS, Gaffney E, Podolin PL, Fischer PA, Sirotina A, Petereon LB (1993) Linkage on chromosome 3 of autoimmune diabetes and defective Fc receptor for IgG in NOD mice. Science 260:695-698
29. Hulett MD, Witort E, Brinkworth RI, McKenzie IFC, Hogarth PM (1994) Identification of the binding site of the human low-affinity receptor for IgG FcγRII. Enhancement and ablation of binding by site-directed mutagenesis. J Biol Chem 269:15287-15293
30. Hulett MD, Witort E, Brinkworth RI, McKenzie IFC, Hogarth PM (1995) Multiple regions of human FcγRII (CD32) contribute to the binding of IgG. J Biol Chem 270:21188-21194
31. Warmerdam PAM, Nabbon NMJM, van de Graaf SAR, van de Winkel JGJ, Capel PJA (1993) The human low-affinity immunoglobulin G Fc receptor IIC gene is a result of an unequal crossover event. J Biol Chem 268:7346-7349
32. Brooks DG, Qiu WQ, Luster AD, Ravetch JV (1989) Structure and expression of a human IgG FcRII (CD32): functional heterogeneity is encoded by the alternatively spliced products of multiple genes. J Exp Med 170:1369-1386
33. Rappaport EF, Cassel DL, Walterhouse DO, McKenzie SE, Surrey S, Keller MA, Schreiber AD, Schwartz E (1993) A soluble form of the human Fc receptor FcγRII-A: cloning, transcript analysis and detection. Exp Hematol 21:689-696
34. Budde P, Bewarder N, Weinrich V, Schulzeck O, Frey J (1994) Tyrosine-containing sequence motifs of the human immunoglobulin G receptors FcRIIb1 and FcRIIb2 essential for endocytosis and regulation of calcium flux in B cells. J Biol Chem 269:30636-30644
35. Kolanus W, Romeo C, Seed B (1992) Lineage-independent activation of immune system effector function by myeloid Fc receptors. EMBO J 11:4861-4868
36. Kiener PA, Rankin BM, Burkhardt AL, Schieven GL, Gilliland LK, Rowley RB, Bolen JB, Ledbetter JA (1993) Cross-linking of Fcγ receptor I (FcγRI) and receptor II (FcγRII) on monocytic cells activates a signal transduction pathway common to both Fc receptors that involves the stimulation of p72 syk protein tyrosine kinase. J Biol Chem 268:24442-24448
37. 2+ dependence of human Fcγ receptor-initiated phagocytosis. J Biol Chem 270:22301-22307
38. Indik ZK, Park J-G, Hunter S, Schreiber AD (1995) The molecular dissection of Feγ receptor-mediated phagocytosis. Blood 86:4389-4399
39. Van den Herik-Oudijk IE, Capel PJA, van der Bruggen T, van de Winkel JGJ (1995) Identification of signaling motifs within human FcγRIIa and FcγRIIb isoforms. Blood 85:2202-2211
40. Daëron M, Latour S, Malbec O, Espinosa E, Pina P, Pasmans S, Fridman WH (1995) The same tyrosine-based inhibition motif, in the intracytoplasmic domain of FcγRIIB, regulates negatively BCR-, TCR-, and FcR-dependent cell activation. Immunity 3:635-646
41. Sarmay G, Koncz G, Gergely J (1996) Human type II Fcγ receptors inhibit B cell activation by interacting with the p21(ras)-dependent pathway. J Biol Chem 271:30499-30504
42. Cambier JC, Daëron M, Fridman W, Gergely J, Kinet J-P, Klausner R, Lynch R, Malissen B, Pecht I, Reinherz E, Ravetch JV, Reth M, Samelson L, Sandor M, Schreiber A, Seed B. Terhorst C, van de Winkel J, Weiss A (1995) New nomenclature for the Reth motif (or ARH1/TAM/ARAM/ YXXL). Immunol Today 16:110
43. Bewarder N, Weinrich V, Budde P, Hartmann D, Flaswinkel H, Reth M, Frey J (1996) In vivo and in vitro specificity of protein tyrosine kinases for immunoglobulin G receptor (FcγRII) phosphorylation. Mol Cell Biol 16:4735-4743
44. Ravetch JV, Luster AD, Weinshank R, Kochan J. Pavlovec A, Portnoy DA, Hulmes J, Pan YCE, Unkeless JC (1986) Structural heterogeneity and functional domains of murine immunoglobulin G Fc receptors. Science 234:718-725
45. Tartour E, de la Salle H, de la Salle C, Teillaud C, Camoin L, Galinha A, Latour S, Hanau D, Fridman WH, Sautes C (1993) Identification, in mouse macrophages and serum, of a soluble receptor for the Fc portion of IgG (FcγR) encoded by an alternatively spliced transcript of the FcγRII gene. Int Immunol 5:859-868
46. Amigorena S, Lankar D, Briken V, Gapin L, Viguier M, Bonnerot C (1998) Type II and III receptors for immunoglobulin G (IgG) control the presentation of different T cell epitopes from single IgG-complexed antigens. J Exp Med 187:505-515
47. Latour S, Fridman WH, Daëron M (1996) Identification, molecular cloning, biologic properties, and tissue distribution of a novel isoform of murine low-affinity IgG receptor homologous to human FcγRIIB1. J Immunol 157:189-197
48. Amigorena S, Bonnerot C, Drake J, Choquet D, Hunziker W. Guillet JG, Webster P, Sautes C, Mellman I, Fridman WH (1992) Cytoplasmic domain heterogeneity and functions of IgG Fc receptors in B-lymphocytes. Science 256:1808-1812
49. Micttinen HM, Rose JK, Mellman I (1989) Fc receptor isoforms exhibit distinct abilities for coated pit localization as a result of cytoplasmic domain heterogeneity. Cell 58:317-326
50. Choquet D, Partiseti M, Amigorena S, Bonnerot C, Fridman WH. Korn H (1993) Cross-linking of IgG receptors inhibits membrane immunoglobulin-stimulated calcium influx in B lymphocytes. J Cell Biol 121:355-363
51. Muta T, Kurosaki T, Misulovin Z, Sanchez M, Nussenzweig MC, Ravetch JV (1994) A 13-amino-acid motif in the cytoplasmic domain of FcγRIIB modulates B-cell receptor signaling. Nature 368:70-73
52. D'Ambrosio D, Hippen KL, Minskoff SA, Mellman I, Pani G, Siminovitch KA, Cambier JC (1995) Recruitment and activation of PTP1 C in negative regulation of antigen receptor signaling by FcγRIIB1. Science 268:293-297
53. Chacko GW, Tridandapani S, Damen JE, Liu L, Krystal G, Coggeshall KM (1996) Negative signaling in B lymphocytes induces tyrosine phosphorylation of the 145-kDa inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase, SHIP, J Immunol 157:2234-2238
54. Kiener PA, Lioubin MN, Rohrschneider LR, Ledbetter JA, Nadler SG, Diegel ML (1997) Co-ligation of the antigen and Fc receptors gives rise to the selective modulation of intracellular signaling in B cells. J Biol Chem 272:3838-3844
55. Scharenberg AM, Kinet J-P (1996) The emerging field of receptor-mediated inhibitory signaling: SHP or SHIP? Cell 87:961-964
56. Cambier JC (1997) Inhibitory receptors abound? Proc Natl Aacad Sci U S A 94:5993-5995
57. 2+ mobilization is integrated by CD19 dephosphorylation. Immunity 7:49-58
58. Toker A, Cantley LC (1997) Signalling through the lipid products of phosphoinositide-3-OH kinase. Nature 387:673-676
59. Ono M, Bolland S, Tempst P, Ravetch JV (1996) Role of the inositol phosphatase SHIP in negative regulation of the immune system by the receptor FcγRIIB. Nature 383:263-266
60. Ono M, Okada H, Bolland S, Yanagi S, Kurosaki T, Ravetch JV (1997) Deletion of SHIP or SHP-I reveals two distinct pathways for inhibitory signaling. Cell 90:293-301
61. Ravetch JV (1997) Fc receptors. Curr Opin Immunol 9:121-125
62. Simmons D, Seed B (1988) The Fcγ receptor of natural killer cells is a phospholipid-linked membrane protein. Nature 333:568-570
63. Tamm A, Schmidt RE (1997) IgG binding sites on human Fcγ receptors. Int Rev Immunol 16:57-85
64. Tamm A, Kister A, Nolte KU, Gessner JE, Schmidt RE (1996) The IgG binding site of human FcγRIIIB receptor involves CC' and FG loops of the membrane-proximal domain. J Biol Chem 271:3659-3666
65. Ravetch JV, Perussia P (1989) Alternative membrane forms of FcγRIII (CD16) on human NK cells and neutrophils: cell-type-specific expression of two genes which differ in single nucleotide substitutions. J Exp Med 170:481-491
66. Gessner JE, Grussenmeyer T, Kolanus W, Schmidt RE (1995) The human low-affinity immunoglobulin G Fc receptor III-A and III-B genes: molecular characterization of the promoter regions. J Biol Chem 270:1350-1361
67. Salmon JE, Edberg JC, Kimberly RP (1990) Fcγ receptor III on human neutrophils. Allelic variants have functionally distinct capacities. J Clin Invest 85:1287-1295
68. Koene HR, Kleijer M, Algra J, Roos, D, von dem Borne AEGK, de Haas M (1997) FcγRIIIa-158 V/F polymorphism influences the binding of IgG by natural killer cell FcγRIIIa. independently of the FcγIIIa-48L/R/H phenotype. Blood 90:1109-1114
69. Wu J, Edberg JC, Redecha PB, Bansal V, Guyre PM, Coleman K, Salmon JE (1997) A novel polymorphism of FcγRIIIa (CD16) alters receptor function and predisposes to autoimmune disease. J Clin Invest 100:1059-1070
70. De Vries E, Koene HR, Vossen, JM, Gratama JW, von dem Borne AEGK, Waaijer JLM, Haraldsson A, de Haas M, van Tol MJD (1996) Identification of an unusual Fcγ receptor IIIa on natural killer cells in a patient with recurrent infections. Blood 88:3022-3029
71. Uciechowski P, Gessner JE, Schindler R, Schmidt RE (1992) FcγRIII activation is different in CD16+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Eur J Immunol 22:1635-1638
72. Braakman E, van de Winkel JGJ, van Krimpen BA, Jansze M. Bolhuis RLH (1993) CD16 on human γδ T lymphocytes: expression, function and specificity for mouse IgG-isotypes. Cell Immunol 143:97-107
73. Radeke HH, Gessner JE, Uciechowski P, Mägert H-J, Schmidt RE, Resch K (1994) Intrinsic human glomerular mesangial cells can express receptors for IgG complexes (hFcγRIII-A) and the associated FcRI γ-chain. J Immunol 153:1281-1292
74. Hartnell A, Kay AB, Wardlaw AJ (1992) IFN-γ induces expression of FcγRIII (CD16) on human eosinophils. J Immunol 148:1471-1478
75. Gessner JE, Grussenmeyer T, Dumbsky M, Schmidt RE (1996) Separate promoters from proximal and medial control regions contribute to the natural killer cell-specific transcription of the human FcγRIII-A (CD16-A) receptor gene. J Biol Chem 271:30755-30764
76. Li M, Wirthmueller U, Ravetch JV (1996) Reconstitution of human FcγRIII cell type specificity in transgenic mice. J Exp Med 183:1259-1263
77. Gessner JE, Grussenmeyer T, Schmidt RE (1995) Differentially regulated expression of human IgG Fc receptor class III genes. Immunobiology 193:341-355
78. Werfel T, Uciechowski P, Tetteroo PAT, Kurrle R, Deicher H, Schmidt RE (1989) Activation of cloned human natural killer cells via FcγRIII. J Immunol 142:1102-1106
79. Leibson PJ (1997) Signal transduction during natural killer cell activation: inside the mind of a killer. Immunity 6:655-661
80. Hundt M, Schmidt RE (1992) The glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked Fcgamma receptor III represents the dominant receptor structure for immune complex activation of neutrophils. Eur J Immunol 22:811-816
81. Stefanova I, Horejsi V, Ansotegui IJ, Knapp W, Stockinger H (1991) GPI-anchored cell-surface molecules complexed to protein tyrosine kinases. Science 254:1016-1019
82. Zhou M-J, Lublin DM, Link DC, Brown EJ (1995) Distinct tyrosine kinase activation and Triton X-1OO insolubility upon FcγRII and FcγRIIIB ligation in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J Biol Chem 270:13553-13560
83. Hoffmeyer F, Witte K, Gebhardt U, Schmidt RE (1995) The low-affinity FcγRIIa and FcγRIIIb on polymorphonuclear neutrophils are differentially regulated by CD45 phosphatase. J Immunol 155:4016-4023
84. Boros P, Odin JA, Muryoi T, Masur SK, Bona C, Unkeless JC (1991) IgM anti-FcγR autoantibodies trigger neutrophil degranulation. J Exp Med 173:1473-1482
85. Kushner BH, Cheung N-KV (1992) Absolute requirement of CDI1/CD18 adhesion molecules. FcRII, and the phosphatidylinositol-linked FcRIII for monoclonal antibody-mediated neutrophil antihuman tumor cytotoxicity. Blood 79:1484-1490
86. Hundt M, Zielinska-Skowronek M, Schmidt RE (1993) Fcγ receptor activation of neutrophils in cryoglobulin-induced leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Arthritis Rheum 36:974-982
87. Unkeless JC, Fleit H, Mellman IS (1981) Structural aspects and heterogeneity of immunoglobulin Fc receptors. Adv Immunol 31:247-270
88. Hora K, Satriano JA, Santiago A, Mori T, Stanley ER, Shan Z, Schlondorff D (1992) Receptors for IgG complexes activate synthesis of monocyte chemoattractant peptide 1 and colony-stimulating factor 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89:1745-1749
89. Kurosaki T, Gander I, Ravetch JV (1992) The β subunit of the FcεRI is associated with the FcγRIII on mast cells. J Exp Med 175:447-451
90. Rodewald H-R, Moingeon P, Lucich JL, Dosiou C, Lopez. P, Reinherz EL (1992) A population of early fetal thymocytes expressing FcγRII/III precursors of T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Cell 69:139-150
91. Amigorena S, Salamero J, Davoust J, Fridman WH (1992) Tyrosine-containing motif that transduces cell activation signals also determines internalization and antigen presentation via type III receptors for IgG. Nature 358:337-341
92. Bonnerot C, Amigorena S, Choquet D, Pavlovich K, Choukroun V, Fridman WH (1992) Role of associated γ-chain in tyrosine kinase activation via murine FcγRIII. EMBO J 11:2747-2757
93. Lin S, Cicala C, Scharenberg A, Kinet J-P (1996) The atopy-associated FcεRIβ chain gene: the encoded subunit functions as an amplifier of FcεRI γ-mediated cell activation signals. Cell 85:985-995
94. Dombrowicz D, Flamand V, Miyajima I, Ravetch JV, Galli SJ, Kinet J-P (1997) Absence of FcεRI a chain results in upregulation of FcγRIII-dependent mast cell degranulation and anaphylaxis. J Clin Invest 99:915-925
95. Dombrowicz D, Flamand V, Brigman KK, Koller BH, Kinet J-P (1993) Abolition of anaphylaxis by targeted disruption of the high-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor α chain gene. Cell 75:969-976
96. Takai T, Li M, Sylvestre DL, Clynes R, Ravetch JV (1994) FcR γ chain deletion results in pleiotropic effector cell defects. Cell 76:519-529
97. Clynes R, Takechi Y, Moroi Y, Houghton A, Ravetch JV (1998) Fc receptors are required in passive and active immunity to melanoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95:652-656
98. Deo YM, Graziano RF, Repp R, van de Winkel JGJ (1997) Clinical significance of IgG Fc receptors and FcγR-directed immunotherapies. Immunol Today 18:127-135
99. Hartmann F, Renner C, Jung W, Deisting C. Juwana M, Eichentopf B, Kloft M, Pfreundschuh M (1997) Treatment of refractory Hodgkin's disease with an anti-CD16/CD30 bispecific antibody. Blood 89:2042-2047
100. Weiner LM, Clark JI, Davey M, Li WS, Garcia de Palazzo I, Ring DB, Alpaugh RK (1995) Phase I trial of 2B1, a bispecific monoclonal antibody targeting c-erbB-2 and FcγRIII. Cancer Res 55:4586-4593
101. Jankovic D, Cheever AW, Kullberg MC, Wynn TA, Yap G, Caspar P, Lewis FA, Clynes R, Ravetch JV, Sher A (1998) CD4+ T cell-mediated granulomatous pathology in schistosomiasis is downregulated by a B cell-dependent mechanism requiring Fc receptor signaling. J Exp Med 187:619-629
102. Yuan RR, Clynes R, Oh J, Ravetch JV, Scharff M (1998) Antibody-mediated modulation of Cryptococcus neoformans infection is dependent on distinct Fc receptor functions and IgG subclasses. J Exp Med 187:641-648
103. Gavin AL, Barnes N, Dijstelbloem HM, Hogarth PM (1988) Identification of the mouse IgG3 receptor: implications for antibody effector function at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity. J Immunol 160:20-23
104. Miyajima I, Dombrowicz D, Martin TR, Ravetch JV, Kinet J-P, Galli SJ (1997) Systemic anaphylaxis in the mouse can be mediated largely through IgG1 and FcγRIII. J Clin Invest 99:901-914
105. Sylvestre DL, Ravetch JV (1994) Fc receptors initiate the Arthus reaction: redefining the inflammatory cascade. Science 265:1095-1098
106. Sylvestre DL, Ravelch JV (1996) A dominant role for mast cell Fc receptors in the Arthus reaction. Immunity 5:387-390
107. Hazenbos WLW, Gessner JE, Hofhuis FMA, Kuipers H, Meyer D, Heijnen IAFM, Schmidt RE, Sandor M, Capel PJA. Daëron M, van de Winkel, JGJ, Verbeek JS (1996) Impaired IgG-dependent anaphylaxis and Arthus reaction in FcγRIII(CD16) deficient mice. Immunity 5:181-188
108. Hazenbos WLW, Heijnen IAFM, Meyer D, Hofhuis FMA, de Lavalette CR, Schmidt RE, Capel PJA, van de Winkel JGJ, Gessner JE, van den Berg TK, Verbeek JS (1988) Murine IgG1-complexes trigger immune effector functions predominantly via FeγRIII (CD16). J Immunol (submitted)
109. Schiller C, Meyer D, Schmidt RE, Gessner JE (1997) Anti-Ly-17 antibodies can be used for functional FcγRII blocking in mice. Immunobiology 197:294
110. 125I-fibrin deposition in IgE-dependent immediate hypersensitivity reactions in mouse skin: demonstration of the role of mast cells using genetically mast cell-deficient mice locally reconstituted with cultured mast cells. J Immunol 139:2605-2614
111. Zhang Y, Ramos SF, Jakschik BA (1991) Augmentation of reverse Arthus reaction by mast cells in mice. J Clin Invest 88:841-846
112. Oettgen HC, Martin TR, Wynshaw-Boris A, Deng C, Drazen JM, Leder P (1994) Active anaphylaxis in IgE-deficient mice, Nature 370:367-370
113. Colten HR (1994) Drawing a double-edged sword. Nature 371:474-475
114. Sylvestre DL, Clynes R, Ma M, Warren H, Carroll M, Ravetch JV (1996) Immunoglobulin G-mediated inflammatory responses develop normally in complement-deficient mice. J Exp Med 184:2385-2392
115. Höpken UE, Lu B, Gerard NP, Gerard C (1997) Impaired inflammatory responses in the reverse Arthus reaction through genetic deletion of the C5a receptor. J Exp Med 186:749-756
116. Daëron M, Malbec O, Latour S, Arock M, Fridman WH (1995) Regulation of high-affinity IgE receptor-mediated mast cell activation by murine low-affinity IgG receptors. J Clin Invest 95:577-585
117. Takai T, Ono M, Hikida M, Ohmori H, Ravetch JV (1996) Augmented humoral and anaphylactic responses in FcγRII-deticient mice. Nature 379:346-349
118. Doody GM, Justement LB, Delibrias CC, Matthews RJ, Lin J. Thomas ML, Fearon DT (1995) A role in B cell activation for CD22 and the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP. Science 269:242-244
119. O'Keefe TL, Williams GT, Davies SL, Neuberger MS (1996) Hyperresponsive B cells in CD22-deficient mice. Science 274:798-801
120. Otipoby KL, Andersson KB, Draves KE, Klaus SJ, Farr AG, Kerner JD, Perlmutter RM, Law C-L, Clark EA (1996) CD22 regulates thymus-independent responses and the life span of B cells. Nature 384:634-637
121. Sato S, Miller AS, Inaoki M, Bock CB, Jansen PJ, Tang MLK. Tedder TF (1996) CD22 is both a positive and negative regulator of B lymphocyte antigen receptor signal transduction: altered signaling in CD22-deficient mice. Immunity 5:551-562
122. Nitschke L, Carsetti R, Ocker B, Kohler G, Lamers MC (1997) CD22 is a negative regulator of B-cell receptor signalling. Curr Biol 7:133-143
123. Shultz LD, Schweitzer PA, Rajan TV, Yi T, Ihle JN, Matthews RJ, Thomas ML, Beier DR (1993) Mutations at the murine moth-eaten locus are within the hematopoietic cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase (Hcph) gene. Cell 73:1445-1454
124. Radeke HH, Resch K (1992) The inflammatory function of renal glomerular mesangial cells and their interaction with the cellular immune system. Clin Invest 70:825-842
125. Couser WG (1985) Mechanisms of glomerular injury in immune-complex disease. Kidney Int 28:569-583
126. Tipping PG, Nealc TJ, Holdsworth SR (1985) T-lymphocyte participation in antibody-induced experimental glomerulonephritis. Kidney Int 27:530-537
127. Sterzel RB, Lovett DH (1988) Interactions of inflammatory and glomerular cells in the response to glomerular injury. Contemp Issues Nephrol 18:137-173
128. Clynes R, Dumitru C, Ravetch JV (1998) Uncoupling of immune complex formation and kidney damage in autoimmune glomerulonephritis. Science 279:1052-1054
129. Smiley JD, Moore SE (1989) Immune-complex vasculitis: role of complement and IgG-Fc receptor functions. Am J Med Sci 298:267-277
130. Franklin EC (1980) The role of cryoglobulins and immune complexes in vasculitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 66:269-273
131. Ng YC. Schifferli JA (1988) Clearance of cryoglobulins in man. Springer Semin Immunopathol 10:75-89
132. Finn AF jr, Gorevic PD (1990) Pathogenic paraproteins: gammopathies and cryoglobulinemia. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2:652-660
133. Hendrich C, Kuipers JG, Kolanus W, Hammer M, Schmidt RE (1991) Activation of CD16 positive effector cells by rheumatoid factor complex. Arthritis Reum 34:423-431
134. Shibata T, Berney T, Spertini F, Izui S (1992) Rheumatoid factors in mice bearing the the or gld mutation. Selective production of rheumatoid factor cryoglobulins in MRL/ MPJ-lpr/lpr mice. Clin Exp Immunol 87:190-195
135. Berney T, Fulpius T, Shibata T, Reininger L, van Snick J, Shan H, Weigert M, Marshak-Rothstein A, Izui S (1992) Selective pathogenicity of murine rheumatoid factors of the cryoprecipitable IgG3 subclass. Int Immunol 4:93-99
136. Reininger L, Berney T, Shibata T, Spertini F, Merino R, Izui S (1990) Cryoglobulinemia induced by a murine IgG3 rheumatoid factor: skin vasculitis and glomerulonephritis arise from distinct pathogenic mechanisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 87:10038-10042
137. Fulpius T, Spertini F, Reininger L, Izui S (1993) Immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region determines the pathogenicity and the antigen-binding activity of rheumatoid factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90:2345-2349
138. Izui S, Reininger L, Shibata T, Berney T (1994) Pathogenesis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in New Zealand black mice. Crit Rev Oncol/Hematol 17:53-70
139. Shibata T, Berney T, Reininger L, Chiche Portiche Y, Ozaki S, Shirai T, Izui S (1990) Monoclonal anti-erythrocyte autoantibodies derived from NZB mice cause hemolytic anemia by two distinct pathological mechanisms. Int Immunol 2:1133-1141
140. Meyer D, Schiller C, Westermann J, Izui S, Hazenbos W, Verbeek JS, Schmidt RE, Gessner JE (1998) FeγRIII (CD16) deficient mice demonstrate IgG isotype-dependent protection to experimental autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Blood (submitted)
141. Clynes R, Ravetch JV (1995) Cytotoxic antibodies trigger inflammation through Fc receptors. Immunity 3:21-26
142. Imbach P, Barandun S, d'Apuzzo V, Baumgartner C, Hirt A, Morell A, Rossi E, Schöni M, Vest M, Wagner HP (1981) High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in childhood. Lancet 1:1228-1230
143. Schmidt RE, Budde U, Schäfer G, Stroehmann I (1981) High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Lancet 2:475-476
144. Pollack S, Cunningham-Rundles C, Smithwick EM, Barandun S, Good RA (1982) High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin for autoimmune neutropenia. N Engl J Med 307:243-246
145. Bussel J, Lalezari P, Hilgartner M, Partin J, Fikrig S, O'Malley J, Barandun S (1983) Reversal of neutropenia with intravenous gammaglobulin in autoimmune neutropenia of infancy. Blood 62:398-403
146. Dehre M, Bonnetr MC, Fridman WH, Carosalla E, Phillipe N, Reinert P, Vilmer E, Kaplan C, Teillaud JL, Griscelli C (1993) Infusion of Fc gamma fragments for treatment of children with acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura. Lancet 342:945-949
147. Clarkson SB, Bussel JB, Kimberly RP, Valinsky JE, Nachman RL, Unkeless JC (1986) Treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura with an anti-Fc gamma receptor antibody. N Engl J Med 314:1236-1238
148. 1 mouse. A new animal model of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.J Exp Med 167:2017-2022
149. 1 mice. Blood 82:837-844
150. Heijnen IA, van Vugt MJ, Fanger NA, Graziano RF, de Wit TP, Hofhuis FM, Guyre PM, Capel PJA, Verbeek JS, van de Winkel JGJ (1996) Antigen targeting to myeloid-specific human FcγRI/CD64 triggers enhanced antibody responses in transgenic mice. J Clin Invest 97:331-338
151. Kwack K, Verbeek JS, van de Winkel JGJ, Capel PJA, Nambu M, Hagen M, Weinstock JV, Lynch RG, Sandor M (1995) Functional consequences of the interaction between T-cell antigen receptors and FcγRs on T cells. Immmunol Lett 44:139-143
152. Dumbsky M, Schmidt RE, Gessner JE (1997) Molecular characterization of variant FcγIII (CD16) transcripts. Immunol Lett 56:401
153. Guyre PM, von dem Borne AEGK (1995) CD64 cluster workshop report. In: Schlossman SF, Boumsell L, Gilks W (eds) Leukocyte typing V: White cell differentiation antigens. Oxford University Press, London, pp 874-875
154. van de Winkel JGJ, Anderson CL (1995) CD32 cluster workshop report, In: Schlossman SF, Boumsell L, Gilks W (eds) Leukocyte typing V: White cell differentiation antigens. Oxford University Press, London, pp 823-826
155. Schmidt RE (1994) CD16 cluster workshop report. In: Schlossman SF, Boumsell L, Gilks W (eds) Leukocyte typing V: White cell differentiation antigens. Oxford University Press, London, pp 805-806
156. Gosselin EJ, Brown MF, Anderson CL, Zipf TF, Guyre PM (1990) The monoclonal antibody 41H16 detects the Leu-4 responder form of human FcγRII. J Immunol 144:1817
157. Budde P, Weinrich V, Sondermann P, Bewarder N, Kilian A, Schulzeck O, Frey J (1994) Specificity of CD32 mAb for FcγRIIa, FcγRIIb1, and FcγRIIb2 expressed in transfected mouse B cells and BHK-21 cells. In: Schlossman SF, Boumsell L, Gilks W (eds) Leukocyte typing V: White cell differentiation antigens. Oxford University Press, London, pp 828-832
158. Ierino FL, Hulett MD, McKenzie IFC, Hogarth PM (1993) Mapping epitopes of human FcγRII (Cdw32) with monoclonal antibodies and recombinant receptors. J Immunol 150, 1794-1803
159. de Haas M, Kleijer M, Roos D, von dem Borne AEGKr (1995) Characterization of mAb of the CD16 cluster and six newly generated CD 16 mAb. In: Schlossman SF, Boumsell L, Gilks W (eds) Leukocyte typing V: White cell differentiation antigens. Oxford University Press, London, pp 811-814
160. Tamm A, Schmidt RE (1996) The binding epitopes of human CD16 (FcγRIII) monoclonal antibodies. Implications for ligand binding. J Immunol 157:1576-1581
161. Vance BA, Huizinga TWJ, Wardwell K, Guyre PM (1993) Binding of monomeric human IgG defines an expression polymorphism of FcγRIII on large granular lymphocyte/ natural killer cells. J Immunol 151:6429-6439
162. Holmes KL, Palfree RGE, Hammerling U, Morse HC (1985) Alleles of the Ly-17 alloantigen define polymorphisms of the murine IgG Fc receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 82:7706-7710
163. Schiller C, Meyer D, Schmidt RE, Gessner JE (1997) Murine low-affinity FCγ receptors can be distinguished by anti-Ly-17 antibodies. Immunol Lett 56:401
164. Ashman RF, Peckham D, Stunz LL (1996) Fc receptor off-signal in the B cell involves apoptosis. J Immunol 157:5-11
165. de Andrés B, Mueller AL, Blum A, Weinstock I, Verbeek S. Sandor M, Lynch RG (1997) FcγRII (CD32) is linked to apoptotic pathways in murine granulocyte precursors and mature eosinophils. Blood 90:1267-1274
166. Daëron M, Malbec O, Latour S, Bonnerto C, Segal DM, Fridman WH (1993) Distinct intracytoplasmic sequences are required for endocytosis and phagocytosis via murine FcγRII in mast cells. Int Immunol 5:1393-1401
167. Dastych J, Hardison MC, Metcalfe DD (1997) Aggregation of low-affinity IgG receptors induces mast cell adherence to fibronectin: requirement for the common FcR γ-chain. J Immunol 158:1803-1809
168. Whitmer KJ, Romball CG, Weigle WO (1997) Induction of tolerance to human g-globulin in FcR γ- and FcγRII-deficient mice. J Immunol 159:644-649
169. Vora KA, Ravetch JV, Manser T (1997) Amplified follicular immune complex deposition in mice lacking the Fc receptor γ-chain does not alter maturation of the B cell response. J Immunol 159:2116-2124