메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue , 2015, Pages

Studying social interactions through immersive virtual environment technology: virtues, pitfalls, and future challenges

Author keywords

avatars; copresence; immersive virtual environment; social interaction; virtual humans

Indexed keywords


EID: 85106142311     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16641078     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00869     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (104)

References (77)
  • 1
    • 35348963191 scopus 로고
    • Eye-contact, distance and affiliation
    • Argyle M. Dean J. (1965). Eye-contact, distance and affiliation. Sociometry 28 289–304. 10.2307/2786027
    • (1965) Sociometry , vol.28 , pp. 289-304
    • Argyle, M.1    Dean, J.2
  • 2
    • 26644435096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transformed social interaction, augmented gaze, and social influence in immersive virtual environments
    • Bailenson J. N. Beall A. C. Loomis J. M. Blascovich J. Turk M. (2005). Transformed social interaction, augmented gaze, and social influence in immersive virtual environments. Hum. Commun. Res. 31 511–537. 10.1111/j.1468-2958.2005.tb00881.x
    • (2005) Hum. Commun. Res , vol.31 , pp. 511-537
    • Bailenson, J.N.1    Beall, A.C.2    Loomis, J.M.3    Blascovich, J.4    Turk, M.5
  • 4
    • 52149112267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of interactivity on learning physical actions in virtual reality
    • Bailenson J. N. Patel K. Nielsen A. Bajscy R. Jung S.-H. Kurillo G. (2008). The effect of interactivity on learning physical actions in virtual reality. Media Psychol. 11 354–376. 10.1080/15213260802285214
    • (2008) Media Psychol , vol.11 , pp. 354-376
    • Bailenson, J.N.1    Patel, K.2    Nielsen, A.3    Bajscy, R.4    Jung, S.-H.5    Kurillo, G.6
  • 5
    • 27744467310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digital chameleons: automatic assimilation of nonverbal gestures in immersive virtual environments
    • Bailenson J. N. Yee N. (2005). Digital chameleons: automatic assimilation of nonverbal gestures in immersive virtual environments. Psychol. Sci. 16 814–819. 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01619.x
    • (2005) Psychol. Sci , vol.16 , pp. 814-819
    • Bailenson, J.N.1    Yee, N.2
  • 6
    • 84883325504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cicero - Towards a multimodal virtual audience platform for public speaking training,” in
    • Aylett R., Krenn B., Pelachaud C., Shimodaira H., (eds), Heidelberg, Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    • Batrinca L. Stratou G. Shapiro A. Morency L.-P. Scherer S. (2013). “Cicero - Towards a multimodal virtual audience platform for public speaking training,” in Intelligent Virtual Agents Vol. 8108 eds Aylett R. Krenn B. Pelachaud C. Shimodaira H. (Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg) 116–128.
    • (2013) Intelligent Virtual Agents , vol.8108 , pp. 116-128
    • Batrinca, L.1    Stratou, G.2    Shapiro, A.3    Morency, L.-P.4    Scherer, S.5
  • 7
    • 84993709949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychology as the science of self-reports and finger movements: whatever happened to actual behavior?
    • Baumeister R. F. Vohs K. D. Funder D. C. (2007). Psychology as the science of self-reports and finger movements: whatever happened to actual behavior? Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 2 396–403. 10.1111/j.1745-6916.2007.00051.x
    • (2007) Perspect. Psychol. Sci , vol.2 , pp. 396-403
    • Baumeister, R.F.1    Vohs, K.D.2    Funder, D.C.3
  • 8
    • 84881038802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of simulated gaze on social presence, person perception and personality attribution in avatar-mediated communication
    • Barcelona
    • Bente G. Eschenburg F. Aelker L. (2007). Effects of simulated gaze on social presence, person perception and personality attribution in avatar-mediated communication. Paper Presented at the PRESENCE 2007 Barcelona.
    • (2007) Paper Presented at the PRESENCE 2007
    • Bente, G.1    Eschenburg, F.2    Aelker, L.3
  • 9
    • 0002520090 scopus 로고
    • Immersive virtual reality technology,” in
    • Biocca F., Levy M., (eds), Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum
    • Biocca F. Delaney B. (1995). “Immersive virtual reality technology,” in Communication in the Age of Virtual Reality eds Biocca F. Levy M. (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum) 57–124.
    • (1995) Communication in the Age of Virtual Reality , pp. 57-124
    • Biocca, F.1    Delaney, B.2
  • 10
    • 0003379162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social influence within immersive virtual environments,” in
    • Schroeder R., (ed), London, Springer London
    • Blascovich J. (2002). “Social influence within immersive virtual environments,” in The Social Life of Avatars ed. Schroeder R. (London: Springer London).
    • (2002) The Social Life of Avatars
    • Blascovich, J.1
  • 11
    • 0036375333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immersive virtual environment technology as a methodological tool for social psychology
    • Blascovich J. Loomis J. Beall A. C. Swinth K. R. Hoyt C. L. Bailenson J. N. (2002). Immersive virtual environment technology as a methodological tool for social psychology. Psychol. Inq. 13 103–124. 10.1207/s15327965pli1302_01
    • (2002) Psychol. Inq , vol.13 , pp. 103-124
    • Blascovich, J.1    Loomis, J.2    Beall, A.C.3    Swinth, K.R.4    Hoyt, C.L.5    Bailenson, J.N.6
  • 12
    • 34249058693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Syntactic alignment and participant role in dialogue
    • Branigan H. P. Pickering M. J. McLean J. F. Cleland A. A. (2007). Syntactic alignment and participant role in dialogue. Cognition 104 163–197. 10.1016/j.cognition.2006.05.006
    • (2007) Cognition , vol.104 , pp. 163-197
    • Branigan, H.P.1    Pickering, M.J.2    McLean, J.F.3    Cleland, A.A.4
  • 13
    • 84855938903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond common and privileged: gradient representations of common ground in real-time language use
    • Brown-Schmidt S. (2012). Beyond common and privileged: gradient representations of common ground in real-time language use. Lang. Cogn. Process. 27 62–89. 10.1080/01690965.2010.543363
    • (2012) Lang. Cogn. Process , vol.27 , pp. 62-89
    • Brown-Schmidt, S.1
  • 14
    • 0027022831 scopus 로고
    • Social facilitation and inhibition of emotional expression and communication
    • Buck R. Losow J. I. Murphy M. M. Costanzo P. (1992). Social facilitation and inhibition of emotional expression and communication. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 63 962–968. 10.1037/0022-3514.63.6.962
    • (1992) J. Pers. Soc. Psychol , vol.63 , pp. 962-968
    • Buck, R.1    Losow, J.I.2    Murphy, M.M.3    Costanzo, P.4
  • 17
    • 56649106375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognition profile of emotions in natural and virtual faces
    • Dyck M. Winbeck M. Leiberg S. Chen Y. Gur R. C. Mathiak K. (2008). Recognition profile of emotions in natural and virtual faces. PLoS ONE 3:e3628. 10.1371/journal.pone.0003628
    • (2008) PLoS ONE , vol.3 , Issue.e3628
    • Dyck, M.1    Winbeck, M.2    Leiberg, S.3    Chen, Y.4    Gur, R.C.5    Mathiak, K.6
  • 20
    • 0039520057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of sensory information and prior experience on direct subjective ratings of presence
    • Freeman J. Avons S. E. Pearson D. E. Ijsselsteijn W. A. (1999). Effects of sensory information and prior experience on direct subjective ratings of presence. Presence Teleop. Virt. 8 1–13. 10.1162/105474699566017
    • (1999) Presence Teleop. Virt , vol.8 , pp. 1-13
    • Freeman, J.1    Avons, S.E.2    Pearson, D.E.3    Ijsselsteijn, W.A.4
  • 21
    • 0024043684 scopus 로고
    • Friends and strangers: acquaintanceship, agreement, and the accuracy of personality judgment
    • Funder D. C. Colvin C. R. (1988). Friends and strangers: acquaintanceship, agreement, and the accuracy of personality judgment. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 55 149–158. 10.1037/0022-3514.55.1.149
    • (1988) J. Pers. Soc. Psychol , vol.55 , pp. 149-158
    • Funder, D.C.1    Colvin, C.R.2
  • 23
    • 79958804796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of people’s responses to real and virtual handshakes within a virtual environment
    • Giannopoulos E. Wang Z. Peer A. Buss M. Slater M. (2010). Comparison of people’s responses to real and virtual handshakes within a virtual environment. Brain Res. Bull. 85 276–282. 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.11.012
    • (2010) Brain Res. Bull , vol.85 , pp. 276-282
    • Giannopoulos, E.1    Wang, Z.2    Peer, A.3    Buss, M.4    Slater, M.5
  • 24
    • 29644435746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonverbal behavior and the vertical dimension of social relations: a meta-analysis
    • Hall J. A. Coats E. J. LeBeau L. S. (2005). Nonverbal behavior and the vertical dimension of social relations: a meta-analysis. Psychol. Bull. 131 898–924. 10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.898
    • (2005) Psychol. Bull , vol.131 , pp. 898-924
    • Hall, J.A.1    Coats, E.J.2    LeBeau, L.S.3
  • 25
    • 0036936823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brief virtual reality therapy for public speaking anxiety
    • Harris S. R. Kemmerling R. L. North M. M. (2002). Brief virtual reality therapy for public speaking anxiety. Cyberpsychol. Behav. 5 543–550. 10.1089/109493102321018187
    • (2002) Cyberpsychol. Behav , vol.5 , pp. 543-550
    • Harris, S.R.1    Kemmerling, R.L.2    North, M.M.3
  • 28
    • 0000083092 scopus 로고
    • Being there: the subjective experience of presence
    • Heeter C. (1992). Being there: the subjective experience of presence. Presence Teleop. Virt. 1 262–271.
    • (1992) Presence Teleop. Virt , vol.1 , pp. 262-271
    • Heeter, C.1
  • 29
    • 0035142117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facial mimicry and emotional contagion to dynamic emotional facial expressions and their influence on decoding accuracy
    • Hess U. Blairy S. (2001). Facial mimicry and emotional contagion to dynamic emotional facial expressions and their influence on decoding accuracy. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 40 129–141. 10.1016/S0167-8760(00)00161-6
    • (2001) Int. J. Psychophysiol , vol.40 , pp. 129-141
    • Hess, U.1    Blairy, S.2
  • 30
    • 84875430533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional mimicry as social regulation
    • Hess U. Fischer A. (2013). Emotional mimicry as social regulation. Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev. 17 142–157. 10.1177/1088868312472607
    • (2013) Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev , vol.17 , pp. 142-157
    • Hess, U.1    Fischer, A.2
  • 31
    • 0037650077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social inhibition in immersive virtual environments
    • Hoyt C. L. Blascovich J. Swinth K. R. (2003). Social inhibition in immersive virtual environments. Presence Teleop. Virt. 12 183–195. 10.1162/105474603321640932
    • (2003) Presence Teleop. Virt , vol.12 , pp. 183-195
    • Hoyt, C.L.1    Blascovich, J.2    Swinth, K.R.3
  • 33
    • 0035688835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence revisited: Imagination, competence, and activity in text-based virtual worlds
    • Jacobson D. (2001). Presence revisited: Imagination, competence, and activity in text-based virtual worlds. Cyberpsychol. Behav. 4 653–673. 10.1089/109493101753376605
    • (2001) Cyberpsychol. Behav , vol.4 , pp. 653-673
    • Jacobson, D.1
  • 34
    • 35348922478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychosocial stress evoked by a virtual audience: relation to neuroendocrine activity
    • Kelly O. Matheson K. Martinez A. Merali Z. Anisman H. (2007). Psychosocial stress evoked by a virtual audience: relation to neuroendocrine activity. Cyberpsychol. Behav. 10 655–662. 10.1089/cpb.2007.9973
    • (2007) Cyberpsychol. Behav , vol.10 , pp. 655-662
    • Kelly, O.1    Matheson, K.2    Martinez, A.3    Merali, Z.4    Anisman, H.5
  • 35
    • 84878491761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drumming in immersive virtual reality: the body shapes the way we play
    • Kilteni K. Bergstrom I. Slater M. (2013). Drumming in immersive virtual reality: the body shapes the way we play. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 19 597–605. 10.1109/TVCG.2013.29
    • (2013) IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph , vol.19 , pp. 597-605
    • Kilteni, K.1    Bergstrom, I.2    Slater, M.3
  • 36
    • 0027517172 scopus 로고
    • The ‘Trier Social Stress Test’–a tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting
    • Kirschbaum C. Pirke K. M. Hellhammer D. H. (1993). The ‘Trier Social Stress Test’–a tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting. Neuropsychobiology 28 76–81. 10.1159/000119004
    • (1993) Neuropsychobiology , vol.28 , pp. 76-81
    • Kirschbaum, C.1    Pirke, K.M.2    Hellhammer, D.H.3
  • 37
    • 84859156242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical correlate of spatial presence in 2D and 3D interactive virtual reality: an EEG study
    • Kober S. E. Kurzmann J. Neuper C. (2012). Cortical correlate of spatial presence in 2D and 3D interactive virtual reality: an EEG study. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 83 365–374. 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.12.003
    • (2012) Int. J. Psychophysiol , vol.83 , pp. 365-374
    • Kober, S.E.1    Kurzmann, J.2    Neuper, C.3
  • 38
    • 84873185527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language in dialogue: when confederates might be hazardous to your data
    • Kuhlen A. K. Brennan S. E. (2013). Language in dialogue: when confederates might be hazardous to your data. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 20 54–72. 10.3758/s13423-012-0341-8
    • (2013) Psychon. Bull. Rev , vol.20 , pp. 54-72
    • Kuhlen, A.K.1    Brennan, S.E.2
  • 39
    • 0000600219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A solution to Plato’s problem: the latent semantic analysis theory of acquisition, induction, and representation of knowledge
    • Landauer T. K. Dumais S. T. (1997). A solution to Plato’s problem: the latent semantic analysis theory of acquisition, induction, and representation of knowledge. Psychol. Rev. 104 211–240. 10.1037/0033-295X.104.2.211
    • (1997) Psychol. Rev , vol.104 , pp. 211-240
    • Landauer, T.K.1    Dumais, S.T.2
  • 40
    • 84873528953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Successful female leaders empower women’s behavior in leadership tasks
    • Latu I. M. Schmid Mast M. Lammers J. Bombari D. (2013). Successful female leaders empower women’s behavior in leadership tasks. J. Exp. Soc. Psychol. 49 444–448. 10.1016/j.jesp.2013.01.003
    • (2013) J. Exp. Soc. Psychol , vol.49 , pp. 444-448
    • Latu, I.M.1    Schmid Mast, M.2    Lammers, J.3    Bombari, D.4
  • 41
    • 1842832073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence, explicated
    • Lee K. M. (2004). Presence, explicated. Commun. Theor. 14 27–50. 10.1111/j.1468-2885.2004.tb00302.x
    • (2004) Commun. Theor , vol.14 , pp. 27-50
    • Lee, K.M.1
  • 42
    • 78649259650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proxemics with multiple dynamic characters in an immersive virtual environment
    • Llobera J. Spanlang B. Ruffini G. Slater M. (2010). Proxemics with multiple dynamic characters in an immersive virtual environment. ACM Trans. Appl. Perce. 8 1–12. 10.1145/1857893.1857896
    • (2010) ACM Trans. Appl. Perce , vol.8 , pp. 1-12
    • Llobera, J.1    Spanlang, B.2    Ruffini, G.3    Slater, M.4
  • 43
    • 84919699164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing bodies changes minds: owning another body affects social cognition
    • Maister L. Slater M. Sanchez-Vives M. V. Tsakiris M. (2015). Changing bodies changes minds: owning another body affects social cognition. Trends Cogn. Sci. 19 6–12. 10.1016/j.tics.2014.11.001
    • (2015) Trends Cogn. Sci , vol.19 , pp. 6-12
    • Maister, L.1    Slater, M.2    Sanchez-Vives, M.V.3    Tsakiris, M.4
  • 44
    • 57849088691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards modeling embodied conversational agent character profiles using appraisal theory predictions in expression synthesis
    • Malatesta L. Raouzaiou A. Karpouzis K. Kollias S. (2009). Towards modeling embodied conversational agent character profiles using appraisal theory predictions in expression synthesis. Appl. Intell. 30 58–64. 10.1007/s10489-007-0076-9
    • (2009) Appl. Intell , vol.30 , pp. 58-64
    • Malatesta, L.1    Raouzaiou, A.2    Karpouzis, K.3    Kollias, S.4
  • 45
    • 8644230539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sense of presence in virtual training: enhancing skills acquisition and transfer of knowledge through learning experience in virtual environments,” in
    • Riva G., Davide F., Ijsselsteijn W.A., (eds), Amsterdam, Ios Press
    • Mantovani F. Castelnuovo G. (2003). “The sense of presence in virtual training: enhancing skills acquisition and transfer of knowledge through learning experience in virtual environments,” in Being There: Concepts, Effects and Measurement of User Presence in Synthetic Environments eds Riva G. Davide F. Ijsselsteijn W. A. (Amsterdam: Ios Press).
    • (2003) Being There: Concepts, Effects and Measurement of User Presence in Synthetic Environments
    • Mantovani, F.1    Castelnuovo, G.2
  • 46
    • 0037997355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sounds of social life: a psychometric analysis of students’ daily social environments and natural conversations
    • Mehl M. R. Pennebaker J. W. (2003). The sounds of social life: a psychometric analysis of students’ daily social environments and natural conversations. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 84 857–870. 10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.857
    • (2003) J. Pers. Soc. Psychol , vol.84 , pp. 857-870
    • Mehl, M.R.1    Pennebaker, J.W.2
  • 47
    • 34547966737 scopus 로고
    • Behavioral study of obedience
    • Milgram S. (1963). Behavioral study of obedience. J. Abnorm. Soc. Psychol. 67 371–378. 10.1037/h0040525
    • (1963) J. Abnorm. Soc. Psychol , vol.67 , pp. 371-378
    • Milgram, S.1
  • 48
    • 33745438171 scopus 로고
    • Bukimi no tani [The uncanny valley]
    • Mori M. (1970). Bukimi no tani [The uncanny valley]. Energy 7 33–35.
    • (1970) Energy , vol.7 , pp. 33-35
    • Mori, M.1
  • 49
    • 0001245006 scopus 로고
    • Interpersonal communication and virtual reality: mediating interpersonal relationship,” in
    • Biocca F., Levy M., (eds), Hillsdale, NJ, Erlbaum
    • Palmer M. T. (1995). “Interpersonal communication and virtual reality: mediating interpersonal relationship,” in Communication in the Age of Virtual Reality eds Biocca F. Levy M. (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum) 277–302.
    • (1995) Communication in the Age of Virtual Reality , pp. 277-302
    • Palmer, M.T.1
  • 50
    • 80052815890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A virtual reality application in role-plays of social skills training for schizophrenia: a randomized, controlled trial
    • Park K. M. Ku J. Choi S. H. Jang H. J. Park J. Y. Kim S. I. et al. (2011). A virtual reality application in role-plays of social skills training for schizophrenia: a randomized, controlled trial. Psychiatry Res. 189 166–172. 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.04.003
    • (2011) Psychiatry Res , vol.189 , pp. 166-172
    • Park, K.M.1    Ku, J.2    Choi, S.H.3    Jang, H.J.4    Park, J.Y.5    Kim, S.I.6
  • 51
    • 0003739833 scopus 로고
    • An arousal model of interpersonal intimacy
    • Patterson M. L. (1976). An arousal model of interpersonal intimacy. Psychol. Rev. 83 235–245. 10.1037/0033-295x.83.3.235
    • (1976) Psychol. Rev , vol.83 , pp. 235-245
    • Patterson, M.L.1
  • 52
    • 0036117138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Passing encounters: patterns of recognition and avoidance in pedestrians
    • Patterson M. L. Webb A. Schwartz W. (2002). Passing encounters: patterns of recognition and avoidance in pedestrians. Basic Appl. Soc. Psychol. 24 57–66. 10.1207/s15324834basp2401_5
    • (2002) Basic Appl. Soc. Psychol , vol.24 , pp. 57-66
    • Patterson, M.L.1    Webb, A.2    Schwartz, W.3
  • 53
    • 84878489797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Putting yourself in the skin of a black avatar reduces implicit racial bias
    • Peck T. C. Seinfeld S. Aglioti S. M. Slater M. (2013). Putting yourself in the skin of a black avatar reduces implicit racial bias. Conscious. Cogn. 22 779–787. 10.1016/j.concog.2013.04.016
    • (2013) Conscious. Cogn , vol.22 , pp. 779-787
    • Peck, T.C.1    Seinfeld, S.2    Aglioti, S.M.3    Slater, M.4
  • 54
    • 73549112229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling multimodal expression of emotion in a virtual agent
    • Pelachaud C. (2009). Modelling multimodal expression of emotion in a virtual agent. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 364 3539–3548. 10.1098/rstb.2009.0186
    • (2009) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci , vol.364 , pp. 3539-3548
    • Pelachaud, C.1
  • 55
    • 84865996210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fully immersive set-up for remote interaction and neurorehabilitation based on virtual body ownership
    • Perez-Marcos D. Solazzi M. Steptoe W. Oyekoya O. Frisoli A. Weyrich T. et al. (2012). A fully immersive set-up for remote interaction and neurorehabilitation based on virtual body ownership. Front. Neurol. 3:110. 10.3389/fneur.2012.00110
    • (2012) Front. Neurol , vol.3 , Issue.110
    • Perez-Marcos, D.1    Solazzi, M.2    Steptoe, W.3    Oyekoya, O.4    Frisoli, A.5    Weyrich, T.6
  • 56
    • 0036487644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An experiment on public speaking anxiety in response to three different types of virtual audience
    • Pertaub D.-P. Slater M. Barker C. (2002). An experiment on public speaking anxiety in response to three different types of virtual audience. Presence Teleop. Virt. 11 68–78. 10.1162/105474602317343668
    • (2002) Presence Teleop. Virt , vol.11 , pp. 68-78
    • Pertaub, D.-P.1    Slater, M.2    Barker, C.3
  • 57
    • 84872028564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Designing virtual audiences for fear of public speaking training - an observation study on realistic nonverbal behavior
    • Poeschl S. Doering N. (2012). Designing virtual audiences for fear of public speaking training - an observation study on realistic nonverbal behavior. Stud. Health Technol. Inform. 181 218–222.
    • (2012) Stud. Health Technol. Inform , vol.181 , pp. 218-222
    • Poeschl, S.1    Doering, N.2
  • 58
    • 84894533392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversations with a virtual human: synthetic emotions and human responses
    • Qu C. Brinkman W.-P. Ling Y. Wiggers P. Heynderickx I. (2014). Conversations with a virtual human: synthetic emotions and human responses. Comput. Human Behav. 34 58–68. 10.1016/j.chb.2014.01.033
    • (2014) Comput. Human Behav , vol.34 , pp. 58-68
    • Qu, C.1    Brinkman, W.-P.2    Ling, Y.3    Wiggers, P.4    Heynderickx, I.5
  • 59
    • 84884577983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of priming pictures and videos on a question–answer dialog scenario in a virtual environment
    • Qu C. Brinkman W.-P. Wiggers P. Heynderickx I. (2013). The effect of priming pictures and videos on a question–answer dialog scenario in a virtual environment. Presence Teleop. Virt. 22 91–109. 10.1162/PRES_a_00143
    • (2013) Presence Teleop. Virt , vol.22 , pp. 91-109
    • Qu, C.1    Brinkman, W.-P.2    Wiggers, P.3    Heynderickx, I.4
  • 60
    • 0037077489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physician gender effects in medical communication: a meta-analytic review
    • Roter D. L. Hall J. A. Aoki Y. (2002). Physician gender effects in medical communication: a meta-analytic review. JAMA 288 756–764. 10.1001/jama.288.6.756
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , pp. 756-764
    • Roter, D.L.1    Hall, J.A.2    Aoki, Y.3
  • 62
    • 0002088759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appraisal considered as a process of multi-level sequential checking,” in
    • Scherer K.R., Schorr A., Johnstone T., (eds), New York and Oxford, Oxford University Press
    • Scherer K. R. (2001). “Appraisal considered as a process of multi-level sequential checking,” in Appraisal Processes in Emotion: Theory, Methods, Research eds Scherer K. R. Schorr A. Johnstone T. (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press) 92–120.
    • (2001) Appraisal Processes in Emotion: Theory, Methods, Research , pp. 92-120
    • Scherer, K.R.1
  • 64
    • 42449124488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caring and dominance affect participants’ perceptions and behaviors during a virtual medical visit
    • Schmid Mast M. Hall J. A. Roter D. L. (2008). Caring and dominance affect participants’ perceptions and behaviors during a virtual medical visit. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 23 523–527. 10.1007/s11606-008-0512-5
    • (2008) J. Gen. Intern. Med , vol.23 , pp. 523-527
    • Schmid Mast, M.1    Hall, J.A.2    Roter, D.L.3
  • 66
    • 34547650886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The uncanny valley: effect of realism on the impression of artificial human faces
    • Seyama J. I. Nagayama R. S. (2007). The uncanny valley: effect of realism on the impression of artificial human faces. Presence Teleop. Virt. 16 337–351. 10.1162/pres.16.4.337
    • (2007) Presence Teleop. Virt , vol.16 , pp. 337-351
    • Seyama, J.I.1    Nagayama, R.S.2
  • 67
    • 34547665990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A virtual reprise of the Stanley Milgram obedience experiments
    • a
    • Slater M. Antley A. Davison A. Swapp D. Guger C. Barker C. et al. (2006a). A virtual reprise of the Stanley Milgram obedience experiments. PLoS ONE 1:e39. 10.1371/journal.pone.0000039
    • (2006) PLoS ONE , vol.1 , Issue.e39
    • Slater, M.1    Antley, A.2    Davison, A.3    Swapp, D.4    Guger, C.5    Barker, C.6
  • 68
    • 33750924250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of physiological responses to a social situation in an immersive virtual environment
    • b
    • Slater M. Guger C. Edlinger G. Leeb R. Pfurtscheller G. Antley A. et al. (2006b). Analysis of physiological responses to a social situation in an immersive virtual environment. Presence Teleop. Virt. 15 553–569. 10.1162/pres.15.5.553
    • (2006) Presence Teleop. Virt , vol.15 , pp. 553-569
    • Slater, M.1    Guger, C.2    Edlinger, G.3    Leeb, R.4    Pfurtscheller, G.5    Antley, A.6
  • 69
    • 0942269511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meeting people virtually: experiments in shared virtual environments,” in
    • Schroeder R., (ed), London, Springer London
    • Slater M. Steed A. (2002). “Meeting people virtually: experiments in shared virtual environments,” in The Social Life of Avatars ed. Schroeder R. (London: Springer London), 146–171.
    • (2002) The Social Life of Avatars , pp. 146-171
    • Slater, M.1    Steed, A.2
  • 70
    • 0031501198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A framework for immersive virtual environments (FIVE): speculations on the role of presence in virtual environments
    • Slater M. Wilbur S. (1997). A framework for immersive virtual environments (FIVE): speculations on the role of presence in virtual environments. Presence Teleop. Virt. 6 603–616.
    • (1997) Presence Teleop. Virt , vol.6 , pp. 603-616
    • Slater, M.1    Wilbur, S.2
  • 72
    • 79551472973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facial expression of emotion and perception of the Uncanny Valley in virtual characters
    • Tinwell A. Grimshaw M. Nabi D. A. Williams A. (2011). Facial expression of emotion and perception of the Uncanny Valley in virtual characters. Comput. Human Behav. 27 741–749. 10.1016/j.chb.2010.10.018
    • (2011) Comput. Human Behav , vol.27 , pp. 741-749
    • Tinwell, A.1    Grimshaw, M.2    Nabi, D.A.3    Williams, A.4
  • 73
    • 52949112259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infants’ perseverative search errors are induced by pragmatic misinterpretation
    • Topal J. Gergely G. Miklosi A. Erdohegyi A. Csibra G. (2008). Infants’ perseverative search errors are induced by pragmatic misinterpretation. Science 321 1831–1834. 10.1126/science.1161437
    • (2008) Science , vol.321 , pp. 1831-1834
    • Topal, J.1    Gergely, G.2    Miklosi, A.3    Erdohegyi, A.4    Csibra, G.5
  • 74
    • 47649121003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of a character posture model on the communication of affect in an immersive virtual environment
    • Vinayagamoorthy V. Steed A. Slater M. (2008). The impact of a character posture model on the communication of affect in an immersive virtual environment. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 14 965–982. 10.1109/tvcg.2008.62
    • (2008) IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph , vol.14 , pp. 965-982
    • Vinayagamoorthy, V.1    Steed, A.2    Slater, M.3
  • 75
    • 77958168900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virtual social interactions in social anxiety–the impact of sex, gaze, and interpersonal distance
    • Wieser M. J. Pauli P. Grosseibl M. Molzow I. Mühlberger A. (2010). Virtual social interactions in social anxiety–the impact of sex, gaze, and interpersonal distance. Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. Netw. 13 547–554. 10.1089/cyber.2009.0432
    • (2010) Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. Netw , vol.13 , pp. 547-554
    • Wieser, M.J.1    Pauli, P.2    Grosseibl, M.3    Molzow, I.4    Mühlberger, A.5
  • 76
    • 34250185409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The proteus effect: the effect of transformed self-representation on behavior
    • Yee N. Bailenson J. (2007). The proteus effect: the effect of transformed self-representation on behavior. Hum. Commun. Res. 33 271–290. 10.1111/j.1468-2958.2007.00299.x
    • (2007) Hum. Commun. Res , vol.33 , pp. 271-290
    • Yee, N.1    Bailenson, J.2
  • 77
    • 84872150940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affect detection from text-based virtual improvisation and emotional gesture recognition
    • Zhang L. Yap B. (2012). Affect detection from text-based virtual improvisation and emotional gesture recognition. Adv. Human Comput. Interact. 2012:12. 10.1155/2012/461247
    • (2012) Adv. Human Comput. Interact , vol.2012 , Issue.12
    • Zhang, L.1    Yap, B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.