Nutritional deficiencies and clinical correlates in first-episode psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Schizophrenia Bulletin

Volumn 44, Issue 6, 2018, Pages 1275-1292

  Firth, Joseph ^a,b   Carney, Rebekah ^b   Stubbs, Brendon ^c,d   Teasdale, Scott B ^e,f   Vancampfort, Davy ^g,h   Ward, Philip B ^f,i   Berk, Michael ^j,k,l   Sarris, Jerome ^a,k  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^c SOUTH LONDON AND MAUDSLEY NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^d KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^e SOUTH EASTERN SYDNEY LOCAL HEALTH DISTRICT   (Australia)

^f UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^g KU LEUVEN DEPARTMENT OF REHABILITATION SCIENCES   (Belgium)

^h KU LEUVEN UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

ⁱ INGHAM INSTITUTE FOR APPLIED MEDICAL RESEARCH   (Australia)

^j DEAKIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^k UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^l THE NATIONAL CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH   (Australia)

more..

Author keywords

antioxidants; cholecalciferol; dietary; folic acid; nutrients; nutrition; trace elements

Indexed keywords

ASCORBIC ACID; FOLIC ACID; VITAMIN B GROUP; VITAMIN D;

ARTICLE; BLOOD SAMPLING; CORRELATIONAL STUDY; FOLIC ACID BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; MENTAL DISEASE; MENTAL PATIENT; META ANALYSIS; NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOSIS; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; VITAMIN BLOOD LEVEL; COMORBIDITY; FOLIC ACID DEFICIENCY; MALNUTRITION; SCHIZOPHRENIA; VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY;

COMORBIDITY; FOLIC ACID DEFICIENCY; HUMANS; MALNUTRITION; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY;

EID: 85042929730     PISSN: 05867614     EISSN: 17451701     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbx162     Document Type: Article

References (98)

1. Sarris J, Logan AC, Akbaraly TN, et al.; International Society for Nutritional Psychiatry Research. Nutritional medicine as mainstream in psychiatry. Lancet Psychiatry. 2015;2:271-274.
2. Sarris J, Logan AC, Akbaraly TN, et al. International Society for Nutritional Psychiatry Research consensus position statement: nutritional medicine in modern psychiatry. World Psychiatry. 2015;14:370-371.
3. Akbaraly TN, Brunner EJ, Ferrie JE, Marmot MG, Kivimaki M, Singh-Manoux A. Dietary pattern and depressive symptoms in middle age. Br J Psychiatry. 2009;195:408-413.
4. Jacka FN, Pasco JA, Mykletun A, et al. Association of Western and traditional diets with depression and anxiety in women. Am J Psychiatry. 2010;167:305-311.
5. O'Neil A, Quirk SE, Housden S, et al. Relationship between diet and mental health in children and adolescents: A systematic review. Am J Public Health. 2014;104:e31-e42.
6. Heald A, Sein K, Anderson S, et al. Diet, exercise and the metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study. Schizophr Res. 2015;169:494-495.
7. Dipasquale S, Pariante CM, Dazzan P, Aguglia E, McGuire P, Mondelli V. The dietary pattern of patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review. J Psychiatr Res. 2013;47:197-207.
8. Laursen TM. Life expectancy among persons with schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder. Schizophr Res. 2011;131:101-104.
9. García-Miss Mdel R, Pérez-Mutul J, López-Canul B, et al. Folate, homocysteine, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alfa levels, but not the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism, are risk factors for schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res. 2010;44:441-446.
10. Bouaziz N, Ayedi I, Sidhom O, et al. Plasma homocysteine in schizophrenia: Determinants and clinical correlations in Tunisian patients free from antipsychotics. Psychiatry Res. 2010;179:24-29.
11. Goff DC, Bottiglieri T, Arning E, et al. Folate, homocysteine, and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161:1705-1708.
12. Firth J, Stubbs B, Sarris J, et al. The effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation on symptoms of schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med. 2017;47:1515-1527.
13. Roffman J, Petruzzi L, Tanner A, et al. Biochemical, physiological and clinical effects of l-methylfolate in schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial. Mol Psychiatry. 2017. doi: 10.1038/mp.2017.41
14. Mattson MP, Haberman F. Folate and homocysteine metabolism: Therapeutic targets in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. Curr Med Chem. 2003;10:1923-1929.
15. Muntjewerff JW, Kahn RS, Blom HJ, den Heijer M. Homocysteine, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and risk of schizophrenia: A meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry. 2006;11:143-149.
16. Flatow J, Buckley P, Miller BJ. Meta-analysis of oxidative stress in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 2013;74:400-409.
17. McGrath J. Is it time to trial vitamin D supplements for the prevention of schizophrenia? Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2010;121:321-324.
18. McGrath J, Eyles D, Burne T. Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia: Does developmental vitamin D deficiency play a role? Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2010;44:A4.
19. McGrath J, Eyles D, Mowry B, Yolken R, Buka S. Low maternal vitamin D as a risk factor for schizophrenia: A pilot study using banked sera. Schizophr Res. 2003;63:73-78.
20. McGrath J, Saari K, Hakko H, et al. Vitamin D supplementation during the first year of life and risk of schizophrenia: A Finnish birth cohort study. Schizophr Res. 2004;67:237-245.
21. Lally J, Gardner-Sood P, Firdosi M, et al. Clinical correlates of vitamin D deficiency in established psychosis. BMC Psychiatry. 2016;16:76.
22. Adamson J, Lally J, Gaughran F, Krivoy A, Allen L, Stubbs B. Correlates of vitamin D in psychotic disorders: A comprehensive systematic review. Psychiatry Res. 2017;249:78-85.
23. Cai L, Chen T, Yang J, et al. Serum trace element differences between Schizophrenia patients and controls in the Han Chinese population. Sci Rep. 2015;5. doi:10.1038/srep15013
24. Sharma SK, Sharma A, Sood S, Gupta I. Study of serum selenium levels in schizophrenic patients. Indian Medical Gazette. 2014;148:403-407.
25. Liu T, Lu QB, Yan L, et al. Comparative study on serum levels of 10 trace elements in schizophrenia. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0133622.
26. Swardfager W, Herrmann N, Mazereeuw G, Goldberger K, Harimoto T, Lanctôt KL. Zinc in depression: A meta-analysis. Biol Psychiatry. 2013;74:872-878.
27. Pasco JA, Jacka FN, Williams LJ, et al. Dietary selenium and major depression: A nested case-control study. Complement Ther Med. 2012;20:119-123.
28. Wang D, Zhai JX, Liu DW. Serum folate levels in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res. 2016;235:83-89.
29. Cao B, Wang DF, Xu MY, et al. Vitamin B12 and the risk of schizophrenia: A meta-analysis. Schizophr Res. 2016;172:216-217.
30. Valipour G, Saneei P, Esmaillzadeh A. Serum vitamin D levels in relation to schizophrenia: A systematic review and metaanalysis of observational studies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99:3863-3872.
31. Williamson K, Kilner K, Clibbens N. A comparison of the nutrient intake of a community-dwelling first-episode psychosis cohort, aged 19-64 years, with data from the UK population. J Nutr Sci. 2015;4:e28.
32. Teasdale SB, Ward PB, Rosenbaum S, et al. A nutrition intervention is effective in improving dietary components linked to cardiometabolic risk in youth with first-episode psychosis. Br J Nutr. 2016;115:1987-1993.
33. Miller BJ, Buckley P, Seabolt W, Mellor A, Kirkpatrick B. Meta-analysis of cytokine alterations in schizophrenia: Clinical status and antipsychotic effects. Biol Psychiatry. 2011;70:663-671.
34. Andreasen NC, Nopoulos P, Magnotta V, Pierson R, Ziebell S, Ho BC. Progressive brain change in schizophrenia: A prospective longitudinal study of first-episode schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry. 2011;70:672-679.
35. Phutane VH, Tek C, Chwastiak L, et al. Cardiovascular risk in a first-episode psychosis sample: A 'critical period' for prevention? Schizophr Res. 2011;127:257-261.
36. Tek C, Kucukgoncu S, Guloksuz S, Woods SW, Srihari VH, Annamalai A. Antipsychotic-induced weight gain in firstepisode psychosis patients: A meta-analysis of differential effects of antipsychotic medications. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2016;10:193-202.
37. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG; PRISMA Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151:264-269, W64.
38. Marshall M, Lockwood A, Lewis S, Fiander M. Essential elements of an early intervention service for psychosis: The opinions of expert clinicians. BMC Psychiatry. 2004;4:17.
39. Addington J, Addington D. Early intervention for psychosis: The Calgary early psychosis treatment and prevention program. Can Psychiatr Assoc Bull. 2001;33:11-16.
40. Craig TK, Garety P, Power P, et al. The Lambeth Early Onset (LEO) team: Randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of specialised care for early psychosis. BMJ. 2004;329:1067.
41. Foundation BN. Nutrition Requirements. 2016. https:// wwwnutritionorguk/attachments/article/234/Nutrition Requirements_Revised Oct 2016pdf.
42. Kirkpatrick B, Miller BJ, Garcia-Rizo C, Fernandez-Egea E, Bernardo M. Is abnormal glucose tolerance in antipsychoticnaive patients with nonaffective psychosis confounded by poor health habits? Schizophr Bull. 2012;38:280-284.
43. Borenstein M, Hedges L, Higgins J, Rothstein H. Comprehensive meta-analysis 2.0. Biostatistics. 2005.
44. DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials. 1986;7:177-188.
45. Orwin RG. A fail-safe N for effect size in meta-analysis. J Educ Stat. 1983;8:157-159.
46. Ipcioglu OM, Ozcan O, Gultepe M, Ates A, Basoglu C, Cakir E. Reduced urinary excretion of homocysteine could be the reason of elevated plasma homocysteine in patients with psychiatric illnesses. Clin Biochem. 2008;41:831-835.
47. Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1987;13:261-276.
48. Song X, Fan X, Li X, et al. Serum levels of BDNF, folate and homocysteine: In relation to hippocampal volume and psychopathology in drug naïve, first episode schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2014;159:51-55.
49. Xuimei C, Yue Z, Wei Z, et al. Serum folic acid and homocysteine levels in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and their relationship with cognitive function. Chin J Med Sci. 2014;94:990-993.
50. Misiak B, Frydecka D, Laczmanski L, Lezak R, Kiejna A. Effects of second-generation antipsychotics on selected markers of one-carbon metabolism and metabolic syndrome components in first-episode schizophrenia patients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2014;70:1433-1441.
51. Misiak B, Laczmanski L, Sloka K, et al. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms and antipsychotic-induced metabolic disturbances in first-episode schizophrenia patients. Eur Psychiatry. 2016;33:S104.
52. Kale A, Naphade N, Sapkale S, et al. Reduced folic acid, vitamin B12 and docosahexaenoic acid and increased homocysteine and cortisol in never-medicated schizophrenia patients: Implications for altered one-carbon metabolism. Psychiatry Res. 2010;175:47-53.
53. Misiak B, Frydecka D, Slezak R, Piotrowski P, Kiejna A. Elevated homocysteine level in first-episode schizophrenia patients-the relevance of family history of schizophrenia and lifetime diagnosis of cannabis abuse. Metab Brain Dis. 2014;29:661-670.
54. Malik A, Saleem S, Ashraf MAB, Qazi MH. 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, a potential role player in the development of thyroid disorders in schizophrenics. Pak J Med Sci. 2016;32:1370-1374.
55. Nerhus M, Berg AO, Dahl SR, et al. Vitamin D status in psychotic disorder patients and healthy controls-the influence of ethnic background. Psychiatry Res. 2015;230:616-621.
56. Salavert J, Grados D, Ramiro N, et al. Association between vitamin D status and schizophrenia: A first psychotic episode study. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2017;205:409-412.
57. Graham KA, Keefe RS, Lieberman JA, Calikoglu AS, Lansing KM, Perkins DO. Relationship of low vitamin D status with positive, negative and cognitive symptom domains in people with first-episode schizophrenia. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2015;9:397-405.
58. Yee JY, See YM, Abdul Rashid NA, Neelamekam S, Lee J. Association between serum levels of bioavailable vitamin D and negative symptoms in first-episode psychosis. Psychiatry Res. 2016;243:390-394.
59. Dadheech G, Mishra S, Gautam S, Sharma P. Oxidative stress, α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and reduced glutathione status in schizophrenics. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2006;21:34-38.
60. Surapaneni K. Status of lipid peroxidation, glutathione, ascorbic acid, vitamin E and antioxidant enzymes in schizophrenic patients. J Clin Diagn Res. 2007;1:39-44.
61. Scottish Schizophrenia Research Group. Smoking habits and plasma lipid peroxide and vitamin E levels in never-treated first-episode patients with schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 2000;176:290-293.
62. Dakhale GN, Khanzode SD, Khanzode SS, Saoji A. Supplementation of vitamin C with atypical antipsychotics reduces oxidative stress and improves the outcome of schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005;182:494-498.
63. Akinladel KS, Fagbomedo FO, Rahamon SK, Makanjuola VA, Ampitan AB. Serum copeptin and its diagnostic performance in schizophrenia. Afr J Med Med Sci. 2014;43:259-264.
64. Nawaz R, Siddiqui S. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in catechol-omethyltransferase and serine-threonine protein kinase genes in the Pakistani schizophrenic population: A study with special emphasis on cannabis and smokeless tobacco. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2015;14:1086-1095.
65. Arinola G, Idonije B, Akinlade K, Ihenyen O. Essential trace metals and heavy metals in newly diagnosed schizophrenic patients and those on anti-psychotic medication. J Res Med Sci. 2010;15:1-5.
66. Nechifor M, Vaideanu C, Palamaru I, Borza C, Mindreci I. The influence of some antipsychotics on erythrocyte magnesium and plasma magnesium, calcium, copper and zinc in patients with paranoid schizophrenia. J Am Coll Nutr. 2004;23:549S-551S.
67. McGrath JJ, Burne TH, Féron F, Mackay-Sim A, Eyles DW. Developmental vitamin D deficiency and risk of schizophrenia: A 10-year update. Schizophr Bull. 2010;36:1073-1078.
68. Hyppönen E, Power C. Hypovitaminosis D in British adults at age 45 y: nationwide cohort study of dietary and lifestyle predictors. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85:860-868.
69. Prentice A. Vitamin D deficiency: A global perspective. Nutr Rev. 2008;66(10 suppl 2):153-164.
70. Balion C, Griffith LE, Strifler L, et al. Vitamin D, cognition, and dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology. 2012;79:1397-1405.
71. Jorde R, Grimnes G. Vitamin D and metabolic health with special reference to the effect of vitamin D on serum lipids. Prog Lipid Res. 2011;50:303-312.
72. Shivakumar V, Kalmady SV, Amaresha AC, et al. Serum vitamin D and hippocampal gray matter volume in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res. 2015;233:175-179.
73. Bailey RL, West KP Jr, Black RE. The epidemiology of global micronutrient deficiencies. Ann Nutr Metab. 2015;66(suppl 2):22-33.
74. Krebs MO, Bellon A, Mainguy G, Jay TM, Frieling H. One-carbon metabolism and schizophrenia: Current challenges and future directions. Trends Mol Med. 2009;15:562-570.
75. Hill M, Shannahan K, Jasinski S, et al. Folate supplementation in schizophrenia: A possible role for MTHFR genotype. Schizophr Res. 2011;127:41-45.
76. Roffman JL, Lamberti JS, Achtyes E, et al. Randomized multicenter investigation of folate plus vitamin B12 supplementation in schizophrenia. JAMA Psychiatry. 2013;70:481-489.
77. Papakostas GI, Shelton RC, Zajecka JM, et al. L-methylfolate as adjunctive therapy for SSRI-resistant major depression: Results of two randomized, double-blind, parallel-sequential trials. Am J Psychiatry. 2012;169:1267-1274.
78. Passen M, Cucinotta D, Abate G, et al. Oral 5'-methyltetrahydrofolic acid in senile organic mental disorders with depression: Results of a double-blind multicenter study. Aging Clin Exp Res. 1993;5:63-71.
79. McCreadie R, Elizabeth M, Blacklock C, et al. Dietary intake of schizophrenic patients in Nithsdale, Scotland: Case-control study. BMJ. 1998;317:784-785.
80. McGrath JJ. Vitamin D and mental health-the scrutiny of science delivers a sober message. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2017;135:183-184.
81. Keum N, Giovannucci E. Vitamin D supplements and cancer incidence and mortality: A meta-analysis. Br J Cancer. 2014;111:976-980.
82. Thadhani R, Appelbaum E, Pritchett Y, et al. Vitamin D therapy and cardiac structure and function in patients with chronic kidney disease: The PRIMO randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2012;307:674-684.
83. Berk M, Copolov D, Dean O, et al. N-acetyl cysteine as a glutathione precursor for schizophrenia-a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Biol Psychiatry. 2008;64:361-368.
84. O'Donnell CP, Allott KA, Murphy BP, et al. Adjunctive taurine in first-episode psychosis: A phase 2, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2016;77:e1610-e1617.
85. Teasdale SB, Ward PB, Rosenbaum S, Samaras K, Stubbs B. Solving a weighty problem: Systematic review and metaanalysis of nutrition interventions in severe mental illness. Br J Psychiatry. 2016. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.115.177139
86. Loria CM, Ingram DD, Feldman JJ, Wright JD, Madans JH. Serum folate and cardiovascular disease mortality among US men and women. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:3258-3262.
87. Schöttker B, Jorde R, Peasey A, et al. Vitamin D and mortality: Meta-analysis of individual participant data from a large consortium of cohort studies from Europe and the United States. BMJ. 2014;348:g3656.
88. Sarris J, Stough C, Bousman C, et al. An adjunctive antidepressant nutraceutical combination in treating major depression: Study protocol, and clinical considerations. Adv Integr Med. 2015;7:49-55.
89. Dean OM, Turner A, Malhi GS, et al. Design and rationale of a 16-week adjunctive randomized placebo-controlled trial of mitochondrial agents for the treatment of bipolar depression. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2015;37:3-12.
90. Ayesa-Arriola R, Pérez-Iglesias R, Rodríguez-Sánchez JM, et al. Homocysteine and cognition in first-episode psychosis patients. European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience. 2012;262:557-564.
91. Misiak B, Kiejna A, Frydecka D. The history of childhood trauma is associated with lipid disturbances and blood pressure in adult first-episode schizophrenia patients. General Hospital Psychiatry. 2015;37:365-367.
92. Crews M, Lally J, Gardner-Sood P, et al. Vitamin D deficiency in first episode psychosis: A case-control study. Schizophrenia research. 2013;150:533-537.
93. Zhu DM, Liu Y, Zhang AG, et al. High levels of vitamin D in relation to reduced risk of schizophrenia with elevated C-reactive protein. Psychiatry Research. 2015;228:565-570.
94. Sarandol A, Sarandol E, Acikgoz HE, Eker SS, Akkaya C, Dirican M. First-episode psychosis is associated with oxidative stress: Effects of short-term antipsychotic treatment. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences. 2015;69:699-707.
95. Arinola OG, Idonije OB. Status of plasma nitric oxide and non-enzymatic antioxidants before and after antipsychotic treatment in Nigerian patients with schizophrenia. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. 2009;14:37-42.
96. Gunduz-Bruce H, Narr KL, Gueorguieva R, et al. CSF sub-compartments in relation to plasma osmolality in healthy controls and in patients with first episode schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. 2007;155:57-66.
97. Nawaz R, Zahir E, Siddiqui S, Usmani A, Shad KF. The role of trace metals and environmental factors in the onset and progression of schizophrenia in Pakistani population. World Journal of Neuroscience. 2014;4:450-460.
98. Jamil MHQ, Saleem S, Malik A, Shuja N, Manan A. Interrelationship of circulating biochemical markers of oxidative stress and thyroid hormones in newly diagnosed schizophrenics: Perspective study from local population of Punjab pakistan. Medical Forum. 2014;25:19-22.