메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 31, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 397-413

New Sepsis and Septic Shock Definitions: Clinical Implications and Controversies

Author keywords

Clinical diagnosis; qSOFA; Sepsis; Septic shock; SIRS; SOFA

Indexed keywords

DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; INFECTION RISK; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; MODIFIED EARLY WARNING SCORE; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; NATIONAL EARLY WARNING SCORE; ORGAN DYSFUNCTION SCORE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SCORING SYSTEM; SEPTIC SHOCK; SEQUENTIAL ORGAN FAILURE ASSESSMENT SCORE; SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME; THERAPY DELAY; TREATMENT PLANNING; VALIDATION STUDY; HOSPITAL EMERGENCY SERVICE; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; SEPSIS;

EID: 85021806483     PISSN: 08915520     EISSN: 15579824     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2017.05.001     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (37)

References (77)
  • 1
    • 0026710191 scopus 로고
    • Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine
    • Bone, R.C., Balk, R.A., Cerra, F.B., et al. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest 101:6 (1992), 1644–1655.
    • (1992) Chest , vol.101 , Issue.6 , pp. 1644-1655
    • Bone, R.C.1    Balk, R.A.2    Cerra, F.B.3
  • 2
    • 84959273475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3)
    • Singer, M., Deutschman, C.S., Seymour, C.W., et al. The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 315:8 (2016), 801–810.
    • (2016) JAMA , vol.315 , Issue.8 , pp. 801-810
    • Singer, M.1    Deutschman, C.S.2    Seymour, C.W.3
  • 3
    • 84959317195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of clinical criteria for sepsis: for the third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3)
    • Seymour, C.W., Liu, V.X., Iwashyna, T.J., et al. Assessment of clinical criteria for sepsis: for the third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 315:8 (2016), 762–774.
    • (2016) JAMA , vol.315 , Issue.8 , pp. 762-774
    • Seymour, C.W.1    Liu, V.X.2    Iwashyna, T.J.3
  • 4
    • 84874532079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Death in the United States, 2010
    • Minino, A.M., Murphy, S.L., Death in the United States, 2010. NCHS Data Brief(99), 2012, 1–8.
    • (2012) NCHS Data Brief , Issue.99 , pp. 1-8
    • Minino, A.M.1    Murphy, S.L.2
  • 5
    • 84901621128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National inpatient hospital costs: the most expensive conditions by payer, 2011: statistical brief #160
    • Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs Rockville (MD)
    • Torio, C.M., Andrews, R.M., National inpatient hospital costs: the most expensive conditions by payer, 2011: statistical brief #160. 2006, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs, Rockville (MD).
    • (2006)
    • Torio, C.M.1    Andrews, R.M.2
  • 6
    • 84903614329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospital deaths in patients with sepsis from 2 independent cohorts
    • Liu, V., Escobar, G.J., Greene, J.D., et al. Hospital deaths in patients with sepsis from 2 independent cohorts. JAMA 312:1 (2014), 90–92.
    • (2014) JAMA , vol.312 , Issue.1 , pp. 90-92
    • Liu, V.1    Escobar, G.J.2    Greene, J.D.3
  • 7
    • 77951622976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term mortality and quality of life in sepsis: a systematic review
    • Winters, B.D., Eberlein, M., Leung, J., et al. Long-term mortality and quality of life in sepsis: a systematic review. Crit Care Med 38:5 (2010), 1276–1283.
    • (2010) Crit Care Med , vol.38 , Issue.5 , pp. 1276-1283
    • Winters, B.D.1    Eberlein, M.2    Leung, J.3
  • 8
    • 84885023078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term mortality and quality of life after septic shock: a follow-up observational study
    • Nesseler, N., Defontaine, A., Launey, Y., et al. Long-term mortality and quality of life after septic shock: a follow-up observational study. Intensive Care Med 39:5 (2013), 881–888.
    • (2013) Intensive Care Med , vol.39 , Issue.5 , pp. 881-888
    • Nesseler, N.1    Defontaine, A.2    Launey, Y.3
  • 9
    • 84876665421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benchmarking the incidence and mortality of severe sepsis in the United States
    • Gaieski, D.F., Edwards, J.M., Kallan, M.J., et al. Benchmarking the incidence and mortality of severe sepsis in the United States. Crit Care Med 41:5 (2013), 1167–1174.
    • (2013) Crit Care Med , vol.41 , Issue.5 , pp. 1167-1174
    • Gaieski, D.F.1    Edwards, J.M.2    Kallan, M.J.3
  • 10
    • 0037451929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000
    • Martin, G.S., Mannino, D.M., Eaton, S., et al. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med 348:16 (2003), 1546–1554.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , Issue.16 , pp. 1546-1554
    • Martin, G.S.1    Mannino, D.M.2    Eaton, S.3
  • 11
    • 34247338128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid increase in hospitalization and mortality rates for severe sepsis in the United States: a trend analysis from 1993 to 2003
    • Dombrovskiy, V.Y., Martin, A.A., Sunderram, J., et al. Rapid increase in hospitalization and mortality rates for severe sepsis in the United States: a trend analysis from 1993 to 2003. Crit Care Med 35:5 (2007), 1244–1250.
    • (2007) Crit Care Med , vol.35 , Issue.5 , pp. 1244-1250
    • Dombrovskiy, V.Y.1    Martin, A.A.2    Sunderram, J.3
  • 12
    • 84899769504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory mandates for sepsis care–reasons for caution
    • Rhee, C., Gohil, S., Klompas, M., Regulatory mandates for sepsis care–reasons for caution. N Engl J Med 370:18 (2014), 1673–1676.
    • (2014) N Engl J Med , vol.370 , Issue.18 , pp. 1673-1676
    • Rhee, C.1    Gohil, S.2    Klompas, M.3
  • 13
    • 84926450979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of trends in sepsis incidence and coding using administrative claims versus objective clinical data
    • Rhee, C., Murphy, M.V., Li, L., et al., for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epicenters Program. Comparison of trends in sepsis incidence and coding using administrative claims versus objective clinical data. Clin Infect Dis 60:1 (2015), 88–95.
    • (2015) Clin Infect Dis , vol.60 , Issue.1 , pp. 88-95
    • Rhee, C.1    Murphy, M.V.2    Li, L.3
  • 14
    • 84990056322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CMS sepsis mandate: right disease, wrong measure
    • Klompas, M., Rhee, C., The CMS sepsis mandate: right disease, wrong measure. Ann Intern Med 165:7 (2016), 517–518.
    • (2016) Ann Intern Med , vol.165 , Issue.7 , pp. 517-518
    • Klompas, M.1    Rhee, C.2
  • 15
    • 84883678864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics and outcomes of culture-negative versus culture-positive severe sepsis
    • Phua, J., Ngerng, W., See, K., et al. Characteristics and outcomes of culture-negative versus culture-positive severe sepsis. Crit Care, 17(5), 2013, R202.
    • (2013) Crit Care , vol.17 , Issue.5 , pp. R202
    • Phua, J.1    Ngerng, W.2    See, K.3
  • 16
    • 0030854780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of sepsis syndrome in 8 academic medical centers
    • Sands, K.E., Bates, D.W., Lanken, P.N., et al., Academic Medical Center Consortium Sepsis Project Working Group. Epidemiology of sepsis syndrome in 8 academic medical centers. JAMA 278:3 (1997), 234–240.
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.278 , Issue.3 , pp. 234-240
    • Sands, K.E.1    Bates, D.W.2    Lanken, P.N.3
  • 17
    • 84962159420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosing sepsis is subjective and highly variable: a survey of intensivists using case vignettes
    • Rhee, C., Kadri, S.S., Danner, R.L., et al. Diagnosing sepsis is subjective and highly variable: a survey of intensivists using case vignettes. Crit Care, 20, 2016, 89.
    • (2016) Crit Care , vol.20 , pp. 89
    • Rhee, C.1    Kadri, S.S.2    Danner, R.L.3
  • 18
    • 84959350250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A framework for the development and interpretation of different sepsis definitions and clinical criteria
    • Angus, D.C., Seymour, C.W., Coopersmith, C.M., et al. A framework for the development and interpretation of different sepsis definitions and clinical criteria. Crit Care Med 44:3 (2016), e113–e121.
    • (2016) Crit Care Med , vol.44 , Issue.3 , pp. e113-e121
    • Angus, D.C.1    Seymour, C.W.2    Coopersmith, C.M.3
  • 19
    • 0037389094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS international sepsis definitions conference
    • Levy, M.M., Fink, M.P., Marshall, J.C., et al., SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS. 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS international sepsis definitions conference. Crit Care Med 31:4 (2003), 1250–1256.
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , Issue.4 , pp. 1250-1256
    • Levy, M.M.1    Fink, M.P.2    Marshall, J.C.3
  • 20
    • 84873339299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2012
    • Dellinger, R.P., Levy, M.M., Rhodes, A., et al., Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines Committee Including the Pediatric Subgroup. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2012. Crit Care Med 41:2 (2013), 580–637.
    • (2013) Crit Care Med , vol.41 , Issue.2 , pp. 580-637
    • Dellinger, R.P.1    Levy, M.M.2    Rhodes, A.3
  • 21
    • 0031035860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dear SIRS, I'm sorry to say that I don't like you
    • Vincent, J.L., Dear SIRS, I'm sorry to say that I don't like you. Crit Care Med 25:2 (1997), 372–374.
    • (1997) Crit Care Med , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 372-374
    • Vincent, J.L.1
  • 22
    • 84945575128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and prognostic value of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and organ dysfunctions in ward patients
    • Churpek, M.M., Zadravecz, F.J., Winslow, C., et al. Incidence and prognostic value of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and organ dysfunctions in ward patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 192:8 (2015), 958–964.
    • (2015) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.192 , Issue.8 , pp. 958-964
    • Churpek, M.M.1    Zadravecz, F.J.2    Winslow, C.3
  • 23
    • 84928485055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria in defining severe sepsis
    • Kaukonen, K.M., Bailey, M., Pilcher, D., et al. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria in defining severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 372:17 (2015), 1629–1638.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.372 , Issue.17 , pp. 1629-1638
    • Kaukonen, K.M.1    Bailey, M.2    Pilcher, D.3
  • 25
    • 0030015661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine
    • Vincent, J.L., Moreno, R., Takala, J., et al. The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med 22:7 (1996), 707–710.
    • (1996) Intensive Care Med , vol.22 , Issue.7 , pp. 707-710
    • Vincent, J.L.1    Moreno, R.2    Takala, J.3
  • 26
    • 0029782755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The logistic organ dysfunction system. A new way to assess organ dysfunction in the intensive care unit. ICU Scoring Group
    • Le Gall, J.R., Klar, J., Lemeshow, S., et al. The logistic organ dysfunction system. A new way to assess organ dysfunction in the intensive care unit. ICU Scoring Group. JAMA 276:10 (1996), 802–810.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.276 , Issue.10 , pp. 802-810
    • Le Gall, J.R.1    Klar, J.2    Lemeshow, S.3
  • 27
    • 84978793024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • qSOFA does not replace SIRS in the definition of sepsis
    • Vincent, J.L., Martin, G.S., Levy, M.M., qSOFA does not replace SIRS in the definition of sepsis. Crit Care, 20(1), 2016, 210.
    • (2016) Crit Care , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 210
    • Vincent, J.L.1    Martin, G.S.2    Levy, M.M.3
  • 28
    • 84959308793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing a new definition and assessing new clinical criteria for septic shock: for the third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3)
    • Shankar-Hari, M., Phillips, G.S., Levy, M.L., et al., Sepsis Definitions Task Force. Developing a new definition and assessing new clinical criteria for septic shock: for the third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 315:8 (2016), 775–787.
    • (2016) JAMA , vol.315 , Issue.8 , pp. 775-787
    • Shankar-Hari, M.1    Phillips, G.S.2    Levy, M.L.3
  • 29
    • 85010657816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic accuracy of Sepsis-3 criteria for in-hospital mortality among patients with suspected infection presenting to the emergency department
    • Freund, Y., Lemachatti, N., Krastinova, E., et al., for the French Society of Emergency Medicine Collaborators Group. Prognostic accuracy of Sepsis-3 criteria for in-hospital mortality among patients with suspected infection presenting to the emergency department. JAMA 317:3 (2017), 301–308.
    • (2017) JAMA , vol.317 , Issue.3 , pp. 301-308
    • Freund, Y.1    Lemachatti, N.2    Krastinova, E.3
  • 30
    • 85010650955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic accuracy of the SOFA score, SIRS criteria, and qSOFA score for in-hospital mortality among adults with suspected infection admitted to the Intensive Care Unit
    • Raith, E.P., Udy, A.A., Bailey, M., et al., for the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Centre for Outcomes and Resource Evaluation (CORE). Prognostic accuracy of the SOFA score, SIRS criteria, and qSOFA score for in-hospital mortality among adults with suspected infection admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. JAMA 317:3 (2017), 290–300.
    • (2017) JAMA , vol.317 , Issue.3 , pp. 290-300
    • Raith, E.P.1    Udy, A.A.2    Bailey, M.3
  • 31
    • 84942191622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving documentation and coding for acute organ dysfunction biases estimates of changing sepsis severity and burden: a retrospective study
    • Rhee, C., Murphy, M.V., Li, L., et al., Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epicenters Program. Improving documentation and coding for acute organ dysfunction biases estimates of changing sepsis severity and burden: a retrospective study. Crit Care, 19, 2015, 338.
    • (2015) Crit Care , vol.19 , pp. 338
    • Rhee, C.1    Murphy, M.V.2    Li, L.3
  • 32
    • 85011593497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating ten-year trends in septic shock incidence and mortality in united states academic medical centers using clinical data
    • Kadri, S.S., Rhee, C., Strich, J.R., et al. Estimating ten-year trends in septic shock incidence and mortality in united states academic medical centers using clinical data. Chest 151:2 (2017), 278–285.
    • (2017) Chest , vol.151 , Issue.2 , pp. 278-285
    • Kadri, S.S.1    Rhee, C.2    Strich, J.R.3
  • 33
    • 84963923969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New sepsis criteria: a change we should not make
    • Simpson, S.Q., New sepsis criteria: a change we should not make. Chest 149:5 (2016), 1117–1118.
    • (2016) Chest , vol.149 , Issue.5 , pp. 1117-1118
    • Simpson, S.Q.1
  • 34
    • 84988891057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opening the debate on the new sepsis definition change is not necessarily progress: revision of the sepsis definition should be based on new scientific insights
    • Cortes-Puch, I., Hartog, C.S., Opening the debate on the new sepsis definition change is not necessarily progress: revision of the sepsis definition should be based on new scientific insights. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 194:1 (2016), 16–18.
    • (2016) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.194 , Issue.1 , pp. 16-18
    • Cortes-Puch, I.1    Hartog, C.S.2
  • 35
    • 84925723236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surviving Sepsis Campaign: association between performance metrics and outcomes in a 7.5-year study
    • Levy, M.M., Rhodes, A., Phillips, G.S., et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: association between performance metrics and outcomes in a 7.5-year study. Crit Care Med 43:1 (2015), 3–12.
    • (2015) Crit Care Med , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-12
    • Levy, M.M.1    Rhodes, A.2    Phillips, G.S.3
  • 36
    • 44249118788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement in process of care and outcome after a multicenter severe sepsis educational program in Spain
    • Ferrer, R., Artigas, A., Levy, M.M., et al. Improvement in process of care and outcome after a multicenter severe sepsis educational program in Spain. JAMA 299:19 (2008), 2294–2303.
    • (2008) JAMA , vol.299 , Issue.19 , pp. 2294-2303
    • Ferrer, R.1    Artigas, A.2    Levy, M.M.3
  • 37
    • 84880168950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter implementation of a severe sepsis and septic shock treatment bundle
    • Miller, R.R. 3rd, Dong, L., Nelson, N.C., et al., Intermountain Healthcare Intensive Medicine Clinical Program. Multicenter implementation of a severe sepsis and septic shock treatment bundle. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 188:1 (2013), 77–82.
    • (2013) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.188 , Issue.1 , pp. 77-82
    • Miller, R.R.1    Dong, L.2    Nelson, N.C.3
  • 38
    • 84894506061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two decades of mortality trends among patients with severe sepsis: a comparative meta-analysis*
    • Stevenson, E.K., Rubenstein, A.R., Radin, G.T., et al. Two decades of mortality trends among patients with severe sepsis: a comparative meta-analysis*. Crit Care Med 42:3 (2014), 625–631.
    • (2014) Crit Care Med , vol.42 , Issue.3 , pp. 625-631
    • Stevenson, E.K.1    Rubenstein, A.R.2    Radin, G.T.3
  • 39
    • 84897556197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality related to severe sepsis and septic shock among critically ill patients in Australia and New Zealand, 2000-2012
    • Kaukonen, K.M., Bailey, M., Suzuki, S., et al. Mortality related to severe sepsis and septic shock among critically ill patients in Australia and New Zealand, 2000-2012. JAMA 311:13 (2014), 1308–1316.
    • (2014) JAMA , vol.311 , Issue.13 , pp. 1308-1316
    • Kaukonen, K.M.1    Bailey, M.2    Suzuki, S.3
  • 40
    • 33744527833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock
    • Kumar, A., Roberts, D., Wood, K.E., et al. Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock. Crit Care Med 34:6 (2006), 1589–1596.
    • (2006) Crit Care Med , vol.34 , Issue.6 , pp. 1589-1596
    • Kumar, A.1    Roberts, D.2    Wood, K.E.3
  • 41
    • 77950218147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of time to antibiotics on survival in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock in whom early goal-directed therapy was initiated in the emergency department
    • Gaieski, D.F., Mikkelsen, M.E., Band, R.A., et al. Impact of time to antibiotics on survival in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock in whom early goal-directed therapy was initiated in the emergency department. Crit Care Med 38:4 (2010), 1045–1053.
    • (2010) Crit Care Med , vol.38 , Issue.4 , pp. 1045-1053
    • Gaieski, D.F.1    Mikkelsen, M.E.2    Band, R.A.3
  • 42
    • 84902546297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of vasopressor initiation and mortality in septic shock: a cohort study
    • Beck, V., Chateau, D., Bryson, G.L., et al., Cooperative Antimicrobial Therapy of Septic Shock Database Research Group. Timing of vasopressor initiation and mortality in septic shock: a cohort study. Crit Care, 18(3), 2014, R97.
    • (2014) Crit Care , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. R97
    • Beck, V.1    Chateau, D.2    Bryson, G.L.3
  • 43
    • 84914097584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction between fluids and vasoactive agents on mortality in septic shock: a multicenter, observational study
    • Waechter, J., Kumar, A., Lapinsky, S.E., et al., Cooperative Antimicrobial Therapy of Septic Shock Database Research Group. Interaction between fluids and vasoactive agents on mortality in septic shock: a multicenter, observational study. Crit Care Med 42:10 (2014), 2158–2168.
    • (2014) Crit Care Med , vol.42 , Issue.10 , pp. 2158-2168
    • Waechter, J.1    Kumar, A.2    Lapinsky, S.E.3
  • 44
    • 84910025786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early versus delayed administration of norepinephrine in patients with septic shock
    • Bai, X., Yu, W., Ji, W., et al. Early versus delayed administration of norepinephrine in patients with septic shock. Crit Care, 18(5), 2014, 532.
    • (2014) Crit Care , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 532
    • Bai, X.1    Yu, W.2    Ji, W.3
  • 45
    • 84899750488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of protocol-based care for early septic shock
    • Pro, C.I., Yealy, D.M., Kellum, J.A., et al. A randomized trial of protocol-based care for early septic shock. N Engl J Med 370:18 (2014), 1683–1693.
    • (2014) N Engl J Med , vol.370 , Issue.18 , pp. 1683-1693
    • Pro, C.I.1    Yealy, D.M.2    Kellum, J.A.3
  • 46
    • 84908059020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goal-directed resuscitation for patients with early septic shock
    • ARISE Investigators, ANZICS Clinical Trials Group, Peake, S.L., Delaney, A., Bailey, M., et al. Goal-directed resuscitation for patients with early septic shock. N Engl J Med 371:16 (2014), 1496–1506.
    • (2014) N Engl J Med , vol.371 , Issue.16 , pp. 1496-1506
    • Peake, S.L.1    Delaney, A.2    Bailey, M.3
  • 47
    • 84926301084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trial of early, goal-directed resuscitation for septic shock
    • Mouncey, P.R., Osborn, T.M., Power, G.S., et al. Trial of early, goal-directed resuscitation for septic shock. N Engl J Med 372:14 (2015), 1301–1311.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.372 , Issue.14 , pp. 1301-1311
    • Mouncey, P.R.1    Osborn, T.M.2    Power, G.S.3
  • 48
    • 84899750647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ProCESS trial–a new era of sepsis management
    • Lilly, C.M., The ProCESS trial–a new era of sepsis management. N Engl J Med 370:18 (2014), 1750–1751.
    • (2014) N Engl J Med , vol.370 , Issue.18 , pp. 1750-1751
    • Lilly, C.M.1
  • 49
    • 77950859539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Surviving Sepsis campaign: results of an international guideline-based performance improvement program targeting severe sepsis
    • Levy, M.M., Dellinger, R.P., Townsend, S.R., et al. The Surviving Sepsis campaign: results of an international guideline-based performance improvement program targeting severe sepsis. Intensive Care Med 36:2 (2010), 222–231.
    • (2010) Intensive Care Med , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 222-231
    • Levy, M.M.1    Dellinger, R.P.2    Townsend, S.R.3
  • 50
    • 84877671222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of acute organ system dysfunction from severe sepsis outside of the intensive care unit
    • Rohde, J.M., Odden, A.J., Bonham, C., et al. The epidemiology of acute organ system dysfunction from severe sepsis outside of the intensive care unit. J Hosp Med 8:5 (2013), 243–247.
    • (2013) J Hosp Med , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 243-247
    • Rohde, J.M.1    Odden, A.J.2    Bonham, C.3
  • 51
    • 77649282276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of dopamine and norepinephrine in the treatment of shock
    • De Backer, D., Biston, P., Devriendt, J., et al. Comparison of dopamine and norepinephrine in the treatment of shock. N Engl J Med 362:9 (2010), 779–789.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , Issue.9 , pp. 779-789
    • De Backer, D.1    Biston, P.2    Devriendt, J.3
  • 52
    • 84992665702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of vasopressin use for adults with septic shock
    • Vail, E.A., Gershengorn, H.B., Hua, M., et al. Epidemiology of vasopressin use for adults with septic shock. Ann Am Thorac Soc 13:10 (2016), 1760–1767.
    • (2016) Ann Am Thorac Soc , vol.13 , Issue.10 , pp. 1760-1767
    • Vail, E.A.1    Gershengorn, H.B.2    Hua, M.3
  • 53
    • 85014114716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using procalcitonin to guide antibiotic therapy
    • Rhee, C., Using procalcitonin to guide antibiotic therapy. Open Forum Infect Dis, 4(1), 2016, ofw249.
    • (2016) Open Forum Infect Dis , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. ofw249
    • Rhee, C.1
  • 54
    • 84899088328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular diagnosis of sepsis: new aspects and recent developments
    • Liesenfeld, O., Lehman, L., Hunfeld, K.P., et al. Molecular diagnosis of sepsis: new aspects and recent developments. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 4:1 (2014), 1–25.
    • (2014) Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-25
    • Liesenfeld, O.1    Lehman, L.2    Hunfeld, K.P.3
  • 55
    • 11344281556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An international sepsis survey: a study of doctors’ knowledge and perception about sepsis
    • Poeze, M., Ramsay, G., Gerlach, H., et al. An international sepsis survey: a study of doctors’ knowledge and perception about sepsis. Crit Care 8:6 (2004), R409–R413.
    • (2004) Crit Care , vol.8 , Issue.6 , pp. R409-R413
    • Poeze, M.1    Ramsay, G.2    Gerlach, H.3
  • 56
    • 84979780072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definitions for sepsis and septic shock
    • Townsend, S.R., Rivers, E., Tefera, L., Definitions for sepsis and septic shock. JAMA 316:4 (2016), 457–458.
    • (2016) JAMA , vol.316 , Issue.4 , pp. 457-458
    • Townsend, S.R.1    Rivers, E.2    Tefera, L.3
  • 57
    • 0028893025 scopus 로고
    • The natural history of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). A prospective study
    • Rangel-Frausto, M.S., Pittet, D., Costigan, M., et al. The natural history of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). A prospective study. JAMA 273:2 (1995), 117–123.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , Issue.2 , pp. 117-123
    • Rangel-Frausto, M.S.1    Pittet, D.2    Costigan, M.3
  • 58
    • 0034108825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of the systemic inflammatory response
    • Brun-Buisson, C., The epidemiology of the systemic inflammatory response. Intensive Care Med 26:Suppl 1 (2000), S64–S74.
    • (2000) Intensive Care Med , vol.26 , pp. S64-S74
    • Brun-Buisson, C.1
  • 59
    • 85014560269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, quick sequential organ function assessment, and organ dysfunction: insights from a prospective database of ED patients with infection
    • Williams, J.M., Greenslade, J.H., McKenzie, J.V., et al. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, quick sequential organ function assessment, and organ dysfunction: insights from a prospective database of ED patients with infection. Chest 151:3 (2017), 586–596.
    • (2017) Chest , vol.151 , Issue.3 , pp. 586-596
    • Williams, J.M.1    Greenslade, J.H.2    McKenzie, J.V.3
  • 60
    • 85017407164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quick sepsis-related organ failure assessment, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and early warning scores for detecting clinical deterioration in infected patients outside the intensive care unit
    • Churpek, M.M., Snyder, A., Han, X., et al. Quick sepsis-related organ failure assessment, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and early warning scores for detecting clinical deterioration in infected patients outside the intensive care unit. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 195:7 (2017), 906–911.
    • (2017) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.195 , Issue.7 , pp. 906-911
    • Churpek, M.M.1    Snyder, A.2    Han, X.3
  • 61
    • 85013644546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining quick sequential organ failure assessment with plasma lactate concentration is comparable to standard sequential organ failure assessment score in predicting mortality of patients with and without suspected infection
    • Ho, K.M., Lan, N.S., Combining quick sequential organ failure assessment with plasma lactate concentration is comparable to standard sequential organ failure assessment score in predicting mortality of patients with and without suspected infection. J Crit Care 38 (2016), 1–5.
    • (2016) J Crit Care , vol.38 , pp. 1-5
    • Ho, K.M.1    Lan, N.S.2
  • 62
    • 35448971112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occult hypoperfusion and mortality in patients with suspected infection
    • Howell, M.D., Donnino, M., Clardy, P., et al. Occult hypoperfusion and mortality in patients with suspected infection. Intensive Care Med 33:11 (2007), 1892–1899.
    • (2007) Intensive Care Med , vol.33 , Issue.11 , pp. 1892-1899
    • Howell, M.D.1    Donnino, M.2    Clardy, P.3
  • 63
    • 84928588819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease heterogeneity and risk stratification in sepsis-related occult hypoperfusion: a retrospective cohort study
    • Lokhandwala, S., Moskowitz, A., Lawniczak, R., et al. Disease heterogeneity and risk stratification in sepsis-related occult hypoperfusion: a retrospective cohort study. J Crit Care 30:3 (2015), 531–536.
    • (2015) J Crit Care , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 531-536
    • Lokhandwala, S.1    Moskowitz, A.2    Lawniczak, R.3
  • 64
    • 67650489580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum lactate is associated with mortality in severe sepsis independent of organ failure and shock
    • Mikkelsen, M.E., Miltiades, A.N., Gaieski, D.F., et al. Serum lactate is associated with mortality in severe sepsis independent of organ failure and shock. Crit Care Med 37:5 (2009), 1670–1677.
    • (2009) Crit Care Med , vol.37 , Issue.5 , pp. 1670-1677
    • Mikkelsen, M.E.1    Miltiades, A.N.2    Gaieski, D.F.3
  • 65
    • 67650508009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is lactate the “Holy Grail” of biomarkers for sepsis prognosis?
    • Jones, A.E., Puskarich, M.A., Is lactate the “Holy Grail” of biomarkers for sepsis prognosis?. Crit Care Med 37:5 (2009), 1812–1813.
    • (2009) Crit Care Med , vol.37 , Issue.5 , pp. 1812-1813
    • Jones, A.E.1    Puskarich, M.A.2
  • 66
    • 3943052086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early lactate clearance is associated with improved outcome in severe sepsis and septic shock
    • Nguyen, H.B., Rivers, E.P., Knoblich, B.P., et al. Early lactate clearance is associated with improved outcome in severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med 32:8 (2004), 1637–1642.
    • (2004) Crit Care Med , vol.32 , Issue.8 , pp. 1637-1642
    • Nguyen, H.B.1    Rivers, E.P.2    Knoblich, B.P.3
  • 67
    • 34249739559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum lactate as a predictor of mortality in patients with infection
    • Trzeciak, S., Dellinger, R.P., Chansky, M.E., et al. Serum lactate as a predictor of mortality in patients with infection. Intensive Care Med 33:6 (2007), 970–977.
    • (2007) Intensive Care Med , vol.33 , Issue.6 , pp. 970-977
    • Trzeciak, S.1    Dellinger, R.P.2    Chansky, M.E.3
  • 68
    • 17844398255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum lactate as a predictor of mortality in emergency department patients with infection
    • Shapiro, N.I., Howell, M.D., Talmor, D., et al. Serum lactate as a predictor of mortality in emergency department patients with infection. Ann Emerg Med 45:5 (2005), 524–528.
    • (2005) Ann Emerg Med , vol.45 , Issue.5 , pp. 524-528
    • Shapiro, N.I.1    Howell, M.D.2    Talmor, D.3
  • 69
    • 77954930936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early lactate-guided therapy in intensive care unit patients: a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial
    • Jansen, T.C., van Bommel, J., Schoonderbeek, F.J., et al., LACTATE Study Group. Early lactate-guided therapy in intensive care unit patients: a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 182:6 (2010), 752–761.
    • (2010) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.182 , Issue.6 , pp. 752-761
    • Jansen, T.C.1    van Bommel, J.2    Schoonderbeek, F.J.3
  • 70
    • 77249162677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactate clearance vs central venous oxygen saturation as goals of early sepsis therapy: a randomized clinical trial
    • Jones, A.E., Shapiro, N.I., Trzeciak, S., et al., Emergency Medicine Shock Research Network Investigators. Lactate clearance vs central venous oxygen saturation as goals of early sepsis therapy: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 303:8 (2010), 739–746.
    • (2010) JAMA , vol.303 , Issue.8 , pp. 739-746
    • Jones, A.E.1    Shapiro, N.I.2    Trzeciak, S.3
  • 71
    • 84921625385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ED bedside point-of-care lactate in patients with suspected sepsis is associated with reduced time to IV fluids and mortality
    • Singer, A.J., Taylor, M., LeBlanc, D., et al. ED bedside point-of-care lactate in patients with suspected sepsis is associated with reduced time to IV fluids and mortality. Am J Emerg Med 32:9 (2014), 1120–1124.
    • (2014) Am J Emerg Med , vol.32 , Issue.9 , pp. 1120-1124
    • Singer, A.J.1    Taylor, M.2    LeBlanc, D.3
  • 72
    • 85026858248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Surviving Sepsis Campaign responds to Sepsis-3. 2016. Available at: Accessed December 4
    • Surviving Sepsis Campaign. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign responds to Sepsis-3. 2016. Available at: http://www.survivingsepsis.org/SiteCollectionDocuments/SSC-Statements-Sepsis-Definitions-3-2016.pdf. Accessed December 4, 2016.
    • (2016)
  • 73
    • 0031735051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of the SOFA score to assess the incidence of organ dysfunction/failure in intensive care units: results of a multicenter, prospective study. Working Group on “Sepsis-related Problems” of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine
    • Vincent, J.L., de Mendonca, A., Cantraine, F., et al. Use of the SOFA score to assess the incidence of organ dysfunction/failure in intensive care units: results of a multicenter, prospective study. Working Group on “Sepsis-related Problems” of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Crit Care Med 26:11 (1998), 1793–1800.
    • (1998) Crit Care Med , vol.26 , Issue.11 , pp. 1793-1800
    • Vincent, J.L.1    de Mendonca, A.2    Cantraine, F.3
  • 74
    • 0035840891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial evaluation of the SOFA score to predict outcome in critically ill patients
    • Ferreira, F.L., Bota, D.P., Bross, A., et al. Serial evaluation of the SOFA score to predict outcome in critically ill patients. JAMA 286:14 (2001), 1754–1758.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , Issue.14 , pp. 1754-1758
    • Ferreira, F.L.1    Bota, D.P.2    Bross, A.3
  • 75
    • 78149268444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical review: scoring systems in the critically ill
    • Vincent, J.L., Moreno, R., Clinical review: scoring systems in the critically ill. Crit Care, 14(2), 2010, 207.
    • (2010) Crit Care , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 207
    • Vincent, J.L.1    Moreno, R.2
  • 76
    • 84959337301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of a framework to assess the usefulness of alternative sepsis criteria
    • Seymour, C.W., Coopersmith, C.M., Deutschman, C.S., et al. Application of a framework to assess the usefulness of alternative sepsis criteria. Crit Care Med 44:3 (2016), e122–e130.
    • (2016) Crit Care Med , vol.44 , Issue.3 , pp. e122-e130
    • Seymour, C.W.1    Coopersmith, C.M.2    Deutschman, C.S.3
  • 77
    • 84966293240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Objective sepsis surveillance using electronic clinical data
    • Rhee, C., Kadri, S., Huang, S.S., et al. Objective sepsis surveillance using electronic clinical data. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 37:2 (2016), 163–171.
    • (2016) Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 163-171
    • Rhee, C.1    Kadri, S.2    Huang, S.S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.