메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 12, 2016, Pages

Microbial etiology of pneumonia: Epidemiology, diagnosis and resistance patterns

Author keywords

Diagnosis; Microbial etiology; Pneumonia

Indexed keywords

PANTON VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

EID: 85007107199     PISSN: 16616596     EISSN: 14220067     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122120     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (169)

References (89)
  • 3
    • 85007078151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Report on Surveillance 2014
    • WHO: Geneva, Switzerland
    • World Health Organization (WHO). Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Report on Surveillance 2014; Antimicrobial Resistance Global Surveillance Report; WHO: Geneva, Switzerland, 2014.
    • (2014) Antimicrobial Resistance Global Surveillance Report
  • 4
    • 84920703518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
    • GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators
    • GBD 2013 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet 2015, 385, 117–171.
    • Lancet , vol.2015 , Issue.385 , pp. 117-171
  • 5
    • 84855204394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and economic burden of community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Europe
    • Welte, T.; Torres, A.; Nathwani, D. Clinical and economic burden of community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Europe. Thorax 2012, 67, 71–79.
    • (2012) Thorax , vol.67 , pp. 71-79
    • Welte, T.1    Torres, A.2    Nathwani, D.3
  • 7
    • 84930575695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence, direct costs and duration of hospitalization of patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia: A nationwide retrospective claims database analysis
    • Rozenbaum, M.H.; Mangen, M.J.; Huijts, S.M.; van der Werf, T.S.; Postma, M.J. Incidence, direct costs and duration of hospitalization of patients hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia: A nationwide retrospective claims database analysis. Vaccine 2015, 33, 3193–3199.
    • (2015) Vaccine , vol.33 , pp. 3193-3199
    • Rozenbaum, M.H.1    Mangen, M.J.2    Huijts, S.M.3    Van Der Werf, T.S.4    Postma, M.J.5
  • 11
    • 33846267003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing door-to-antibiotic time in community-acquired pneumonia: Controlled before-and-after evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis
    • Barlow, G.; Nathwani, D.; Williams, F.; Ogston, S.; Winter, J.; Jones, M.; Slane, P.; Myers, E.; Sullivan, F.; Stevens, N.; et al. Reducing door-to-antibiotic time in community-acquired pneumonia: Controlled before-and-after evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis. Thorax 2007, 62, 67–74.
    • (2007) Thorax , vol.62 , pp. 67-74
    • Barlow, G.1    Nathwani, D.2    Williams, F.3    Ogston, S.4    Winter, J.5    Jones, M.6    Slane, P.7    Myers, E.8    Sullivan, F.9    Stevens, N.10
  • 12
    • 43049181962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based emergency medicine/critically appraised topic. Evidence behind the 4-hour rule for initiation of antibiotic therapy in community-acquired pneumonia
    • Yu, K.T.; Wyer, P.C. Evidence-based emergency medicine/critically appraised topic. Evidence behind the 4-hour rule for initiation of antibiotic therapy in community-acquired pneumonia. Ann. Emerg. Med. 2008, 51, 651–662.
    • (2008) Ann. Emerg. Med , vol.51 , pp. 651-662
    • Yu, K.T.1    Wyer, P.C.2
  • 15
    • 84869167032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current cigarette smoking among adults—United States, 2011
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Current cigarette smoking among adults—United States, 2011. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. 2012, 61, 889–894.
    • MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep , vol.2012 , Issue.61 , pp. 889-894
  • 16
    • 73449104256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumococcal pneumonia presenting with septic shock: Host- and pathogen-related factors and outcomes
    • Garcia-Vidal, C.; Ardanuy, C.; Tubau, F.; Viasus, D.; Dorca, J.; Linares, J.; Gudiol, F.; Carratala, J. Pneumococcal pneumonia presenting with septic shock: Host- and pathogen-related factors and outcomes. Thorax 2010, 65, 77–81.
    • (2010) Thorax , vol.65 , pp. 77-81
    • Garcia-Vidal, C.1    Ardanuy, C.2    Tubau, F.3    Viasus, D.4    Dorca, J.5    Linares, J.6    Gudiol, F.7    Carratala, J.8
  • 17
    • 3543151425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atypical pathogens and respiratory tract infections
    • Blasi, F. Atypical pathogens and respiratory tract infections. Eur. Respir. J. 2004, 24, 171–181.
    • (2004) Eur. Respir. J , vol.24 , pp. 171-181
    • Blasi, F.1
  • 21
    • 84861977316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in a population-based study: Link between etiology and patients characteristics, process-of-care, clinical evolution and outcomes
    • Capelastegui, A.; Espana, P.P.; Bilbao, A.; Gamazo, J.; Medel, F.; Salgado, J.; Gorostiaga, I.; Lopez de Goicoechea, M.J.; Gorordo, I.; Esteban, C.; et al. Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in a population-based study: Link between etiology and patients characteristics, process-of-care, clinical evolution and outcomes. BMC Infect. Dis. 2012, 12, 134.
    • (2012) BMC Infect. Dis , vol.12 , pp. 134
    • Capelastegui, A.1    Espana, P.P.2    Bilbao, A.3    Gamazo, J.4    Medel, F.5    Salgado, J.6    Gorostiaga, I.7    Lopez De Goicoechea, M.J.8    Gorordo, I.9    Esteban, C.10
  • 24
    • 73349105300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interim report on pandemic H1N1 influenza virus infections in South Africa, April to October 2009: Epidemiology and factors associated with fatal cases
    • Archer, B.; Cohen, C.; Naidoo, D.; Thomas, J.; Makunga, C.; Blumberg, L.; Venter, M.; Timothy, G.; Puren, A.; McAnerney, J.; et al. Interim report on pandemic H1N1 influenza virus infections in South Africa, April to October 2009: Epidemiology and factors associated with fatal cases. Euro Surveill 2009, 14.
    • (2009) Euro Surveill , vol.14
    • Archer, B.1    Cohen, C.2    Naidoo, D.3    Thomas, J.4    Makunga, C.5    Blumberg, L.6    Venter, M.7    Timothy, G.8    Puren, A.9    McAnerney, J.10
  • 25
    • 77749327437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influenza (AH1N1v) pandemic 2009: An update
    • Crovari, P.; Gasparini, R. Influenza (AH1N1v) pandemic 2009: An update. J. Prev. Med. Hyg. 2009, 50, 129–130.
    • (2009) J. Prev. Med. Hyg , vol.50 , pp. 129-130
    • Crovari, P.1    Gasparini, R.2
  • 26
    • 0029737098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory syncytial virus is an important cause of community-acquired lower respiratory infection among hospitalized adults
    • Dowell, S.F.; Anderson, L.J.; Gary, H.E., Jr.; Erdman, D.D.; Plouffe, J.F.; File, T.M., Jr.; Marston, B.J.; Breiman, R.F. Respiratory syncytial virus is an important cause of community-acquired lower respiratory infection among hospitalized adults. J. Infect. Dis. 1996, 174, 456–462.
    • (1996) J. Infect. Dis , vol.174 , pp. 456-462
    • Dowell, S.F.1    Anderson, L.J.2    Gary, H.E.3    Erdman, D.D.4    Plouffe, J.F.5    File, T.M.6    Marston, B.J.7    Breiman, R.F.8
  • 27
    • 0035960425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus to community cases of influenza-like illness: An observational study
    • Zambon, M.C.; Stockton, J.D.; Clewley, J.P.; Fleming, D.M. Contribution of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus to community cases of influenza-like illness: An observational study. Lancet 2001, 358, 1410–1416.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , pp. 1410-1416
    • Zambon, M.C.1    Stockton, J.D.2    Clewley, J.P.3    Fleming, D.M.4
  • 28
    • 0037054037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Winter viruses: Influenza- and respiratory syncytial virus-related morbidity in chronic lung disease
    • Griffin, M.R.; Coffey, C.S.; Neuzil, K.M.; Mitchel, E.F., Jr.; Wright, P.F.; Edwards, K.M. Winter viruses: Influenza- and respiratory syncytial virus-related morbidity in chronic lung disease. Arch. Intern. Med. 2002, 162, 1229–1236.
    • (2002) Arch. Intern. Med , vol.162 , pp. 1229-1236
    • Griffin, M.R.1    Coffey, C.S.2    Neuzil, K.M.3    Mitchel, E.F.4    Wright, P.F.5    Edwards, K.M.6
  • 29
    • 0038654237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influenza- and respiratory syncytial virus-associated morbidity and mortality in the nursing home population
    • Ellis, S.E.; Coffey, C.S.; Mitchel, E.F., Jr.; Dittus, R.S.; Griffin, M.R. Influenza- and respiratory syncytial virus-associated morbidity and mortality in the nursing home population. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2003, 51, 761–767.
    • (2003) J. Am. Geriatr. Soc , vol.51 , pp. 761-767
    • Ellis, S.E.1    Coffey, C.S.2    Mitchel, E.F.3    Dittus, R.S.4    Griffin, M.R.5
  • 30
    • 84860288300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory syncytial virus infection in adult populations
    • Walsh, E.E.; Falsey, A.R. Respiratory syncytial virus infection in adult populations. Infect. Disord. Drug Targets 2012, 12, 98–102.
    • (2012) Infect. Disord. Drug Targets , vol.12 , pp. 98-102
    • Walsh, E.E.1    Falsey, A.R.2
  • 31
    • 22144449652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis in immunocompromised adults: Clinical features and outcome
    • Ebbert, J.O.; Limper, A.H. Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis in immunocompromised adults: Clinical features and outcome. Respiration 2005, 72, 263–269.
    • (2005) Respiration , vol.72 , pp. 263-269
    • Ebbert, J.O.1    Limper, A.H.2
  • 32
    • 84940824882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on the pathogenesis and management of pneumonia in the elderly-roles of aspiration pneumonia
    • Teramoto, S.; Yoshida, K.; Hizawa, N. Update on the pathogenesis and management of pneumonia in the elderly-roles of aspiration pneumonia. Respir. Investig. 2015, 53, 178–184.
    • (2015) Respir. Investig , vol.53 , pp. 178-184
    • Teramoto, S.1    Yoshida, K.2    Hizawa, N.3
  • 33
    • 84885863973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidrug-resistant pathogens in hospitalised patients coming from the community with pneumonia: A European perspective
    • Aliberti, S.; Cilloniz, C.; Chalmers, J.D.; Zanaboni, A.M.; Cosentini, R.; Tarsia, P.; Pesci, A.; Blasi, F.; Torres, A. Multidrug-resistant pathogens in hospitalised patients coming from the community with pneumonia: A European perspective. Thorax 2013, 68, 997–999.
    • (2013) Thorax , vol.68 , pp. 997-999
    • Aliberti, S.1    Cilloniz, C.2    Chalmers, J.D.3    Zanaboni, A.M.4    Cosentini, R.5    Tarsia, P.6    Pesci, A.7    Blasi, F.8    Torres, A.9
  • 36
    • 78651291676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacteraemic community-acquired pneumonia due to Gram-negative bacteria: Incidence, clinical presentation and factors associated with severity during hospital stay
    • Ruiz, L.A.; Gomez, A.; Jaca, C.; Martinez, L.; Gomez, B.; Zalacain, R. Bacteraemic community-acquired pneumonia due to Gram-negative bacteria: Incidence, clinical presentation and factors associated with severity during hospital stay. Infection 2010, 38, 453–458.
    • (2010) Infection , vol.38 , pp. 453-458
    • Ruiz, L.A.1    Gomez, A.2    Jaca, C.3    Martinez, L.4    Gomez, B.5    Zalacain, R.6
  • 37
    • 77949690877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community-acquired pneumonia through Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Diagnosis, incidence and predictors
    • Von Baum, H.; Welte, T.; Marre, R.; Suttorp, N.; Ewig, S. Community-acquired pneumonia through Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Diagnosis, incidence and predictors. Eur. Respir. J. 2010, 35, 598–605.
    • (2010) Eur. Respir. J , vol.35 , pp. 598-605
    • Von Baum, H.1    Welte, T.2    Marre, R.3    Suttorp, N.4    Ewig, S.5
  • 41
    • 0037248951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbiological testing and outcome of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia
    • Rello, J.; Bodi, M.; Mariscal, D.; Navarro, M.; Diaz, E.; Gallego, M.; Valles, J. Microbiological testing and outcome of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 2003, 123, 174–180.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 174-180
    • Rello, J.1    Bodi, M.2    Mariscal, D.3    Navarro, M.4    Diaz, E.5    Gallego, M.6    Valles, J.7
  • 42
  • 43
    • 23244433030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe community-acquired pneumonia in an intensive care unit: Risk factors for mortality
    • Yoshimoto, A.; Nakamura, H.; Fujimura, M.; Nakao, S. Severe community-acquired pneumonia in an intensive care unit: Risk factors for mortality. Intern. Med. 2005, 44, 710–716.
    • (2005) Intern. Med , vol.44 , pp. 710-716
    • Yoshimoto, A.1    Nakamura, H.2    Fujimura, M.3    Nakao, S.4
  • 45
    • 63149089810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Streptococcus pneumoniae: Does antimicrobial resistance matter?
    • Lynch, J.P., III; Zhanel, G.G. Streptococcus pneumoniae: Does antimicrobial resistance matter? Semin. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2009, 30, 210–238.
    • (2009) Semin. Respir. Crit. Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 210-238
    • Lynch, J.P.1    Zhanel, G.G.2
  • 46
    • 77955241965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory infections due to drug-resistant bacteria
    • Song, J.H.; Chung, D.R. Respiratory infections due to drug-resistant bacteria. Infect. Dis. Clin. N. Am. 2010, 24, 639–653.
    • (2010) Infect. Dis. Clin. N. Am , vol.24 , pp. 639-653
    • Song, J.H.1    Chung, D.R.2
  • 47
    • 35948960351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae infections: Current and future therapeutic options
    • Van, B.F.; Reinert, R.R.; Appelbaum, P.C.; Tulkens, P.M.; Peetermans, W.E. Multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae infections: Current and future therapeutic options. Drugs 2007, 67, 2355–2382.
    • (2007) Drugs , vol.67 , pp. 2355-2382
    • Van, B.F.1    Reinert, R.R.2    Appelbaum, P.C.3    Tulkens, P.M.4    Peetermans, W.E.5
  • 48
    • 33751249593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographically-based evaluation of multidrug resistance trends among Streptococcus pneumoniae in the USA: Findings of the FAST surveillance initiative (2003–2004)
    • Draghi, D.C.; Jones, M.E.; Sahm, D.F.; Tillotson, G.S. Geographically-based evaluation of multidrug resistance trends among Streptococcus pneumoniae in the USA: Findings of the FAST surveillance initiative (2003–2004). Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 2006, 28, 525–531.
    • (2006) Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents , vol.28 , pp. 525-531
    • Draghi, D.C.1    Jones, M.E.2    Sahm, D.F.3    Tillotson, G.S.4
  • 51
    • 84995377035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of Adults With Hospital-acquired and Ventilator-associated Pneumonia: 2016 Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society
    • Kalil, A.C.; Metersky, M.L.; Klompas, M.; Muscedere, J.; Sweeney, D.A.; Palmer, L.B.; Napolitano, L.M.; O’Grady, N.P.; Bartlett, J.G.; Carratala, J.; et al. Management of Adults With Hospital-acquired and Ventilator-associated Pneumonia: 2016 Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Thoracic Society. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2016, 63, e61–e111.
    • (2016) Clin. Infect. Dis , vol.63 , pp. ee61-e111
    • Kalil, A.C.1    Metersky, M.L.2    Klompas, M.3    Muscedere, J.4    Sweeney, D.A.5    Palmer, L.B.6    Napolitano, L.M.7    O’Grady, N.P.8    Bartlett, J.G.9    Carratala, J.10
  • 53
    • 84857023040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a large matched cohort
    • Kollef, M.H.; Hamilton, C.W.; Ernst, F.R. Economic impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a large matched cohort. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2012, 33, 250–256.
    • (2012) Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol , vol.33 , pp. 250-256
    • Kollef, M.H.1    Hamilton, C.W.2    Ernst, F.R.3
  • 55
    • 0036924301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a large US database
    • Rello, J.; Ollendorf, D.A.; Oster, G.; Vera-Llonch, M.; Bellm, L.; Redman, R.; Kollef, M.H. Epidemiology and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a large US database. Chest 2002, 122, 2115–2121.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.122 , pp. 2115-2121
    • Rello, J.1    Ollendorf, D.A.2    Oster, G.3    Vera-Llonch, M.4    Bellm, L.5    Redman, R.6    Kollef, M.H.7
  • 56
    • 0033836839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nosocomial infections in combined medical-surgical intensive care units in the United States
    • Richards, M.J.; Edwards, J.R.; Culver, D.H.; Gaynes, R.P. Nosocomial infections in combined medical-surgical intensive care units in the United States. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2000, 21, 510–515.
    • (2000) Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol , vol.21 , pp. 510-515
    • Richards, M.J.1    Edwards, J.R.2    Culver, D.H.3    Gaynes, R.P.4
  • 59
    • 13644269309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Hospital-acquired, Ventilator-associated, and Healthcare-associated Pneumonia
    • American Thoracic Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America. Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Hospital-acquired, Ventilator-associated, and Healthcare-associated Pneumonia. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2005, 171, 388–416.
    • (2005) Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med , vol.171 , pp. 388-416
  • 62
    • 0034110486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative analysis of patients with early-onset vs. Late-onset nosocomial pneumonia in the ICU setting
    • Ibrahim, E.H.; Ward, S.; Sherman, G.; Kollef, M.H. A comparative analysis of patients with early-onset vs. late-onset nosocomial pneumonia in the ICU setting. Chest. 2000, 117, 1434–1442.
    • (2000) Chest , vol.117 , pp. 1434-1442
    • Ibrahim, E.H.1    Ward, S.2    Sherman, G.3    Kollef, M.H.4
  • 64
    • 77955694435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial etiologies of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia
    • Jones, R.N. Microbial etiologies of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2010, 51, S81–S87.
    • (2010) Clin. Infect. Dis , vol.51 , pp. S81-S87
    • Jones, R.N.1
  • 67
    • 84880043968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nosocomial pneumonia: Lessons learned
    • Nair, G.B.; Niederman, M.S. Nosocomial pneumonia: Lessons learned. Crit. Care Clin. 2013, 29, 521–546.
    • (2013) Crit. Care Clin , vol.29 , pp. 521-546
    • Nair, G.B.1    Niederman, M.S.2
  • 68
    • 0034960670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventilator-associated pneumonia. European Task Force on ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Torres, A.; Carlet, J. Ventilator-associated pneumonia. European Task Force on ventilator-associated pneumonia. Eur. Respir. J. 2001, 17, 1034–1045.
    • (2001) Eur. Respir. J , vol.17 , pp. 1034-1045
    • Torres, A.1    Carlet, J.2
  • 71
    • 84922927615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance patterns and outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired pneumonia. Validation of European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classification of multidrug resistant organisms
    • Martin-Loeches, I.; Torres, A.; Rinaudo, M.; Terraneo, S.; de, R.F.; Ramirez, P.; Diaz, E.; Fernandez-Barat, L.; Li Bassi, G.L.; Ferrer, M. Resistance patterns and outcomes in intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired pneumonia. Validation of European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classification of multidrug resistant organisms. J. Infect. 2015, 70, 213–222.
    • (2015) J. Infect , vol.70 , pp. 213-222
    • Martin-Loeches, I.1    Torres, A.2    Rinaudo, M.3    Terraneo, S.4    De, R.F.5    Ramirez, P.6    Diaz, E.7    Fernandez-Barat, L.8    Li Bassi, G.L.9    Ferrer, M.10
  • 72
    • 2442564721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage in community-acquired pneumonia in a routine setting: A study on patients treated in a Finnish university hospital
    • Hohenthal, U.; Sipila, J.; Vainionpaa, R.; Meurman, O.; Rantakokko-Jalava, K.; Nikoskelainen, J.; Kotilainen, P. Diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage in community-acquired pneumonia in a routine setting: A study on patients treated in a Finnish university hospital. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 2004, 36, 198–203.
    • (2004) Scand. J. Infect. Dis , vol.36 , pp. 198-203
    • Hohenthal, U.1    Sipila, J.2    Vainionpaa, R.3    Meurman, O.4    Rantakokko-Jalava, K.5    Nikoskelainen, J.6    Kotilainen, P.7
  • 73
    • 68649093280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the effect of antibiotic treatment on the possibility of diagnosing invasive pneumococcal disease by culture or molecular methods: A prospective, observational study of children and adolescents with proven pneumococcal infection
    • Resti, M.; Micheli, A.; Moriondo, M.; Becciolini, L.; Cortimiglia, M.; Canessa, C.; Indolfi, G.; Bartolini, E.; de, M.M.; Azzari, C. Comparison of the effect of antibiotic treatment on the possibility of diagnosing invasive pneumococcal disease by culture or molecular methods: A prospective, observational study of children and adolescents with proven pneumococcal infection. Clin. Ther. 2009, 31, 1266–1273.
    • (2009) Clin. Ther , vol.31 , pp. 1266-1273
    • Resti, M.1    Micheli, A.2    Moriondo, M.3    Becciolini, L.4    Cortimiglia, M.5    Canessa, C.6    Indolfi, G.7    Bartolini, E.8    De, M.M.9    Azzari, C.10
  • 74
    • 84880024189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etiological analysis and predictive diagnostic model building of community-acquired pneumonia in adult outpatients in Beijing
    • Liu, Y.F.; Gao, Y.; Chen, M.F.; Cao, B.; Yang, X.H.; Wei, L. Etiological analysis and predictive diagnostic model building of community-acquired pneumonia in adult outpatients in Beijing, China. BMC Infect. Dis. 2013, 13, 309.
    • (2013) China. BMC Infect. Dis , vol.13 , pp. 309
    • Liu, Y.F.1    Gao, Y.2    Chen, M.F.3    Cao, B.4    Yang, X.H.5    Wei, L.6
  • 75
    • 0034931115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of the severity of community-acquired pneumonia on the usefulness of blood cultures
    • Waterer, G.W.; Wunderink, R.G. The influence of the severity of community-acquired pneumonia on the usefulness of blood cultures. Respir. Med. 2001, 95, 78–82.
    • (2001) Respir. Med , vol.95 , pp. 78-82
    • Waterer, G.W.1    Wunderink, R.G.2
  • 76
    • 1542347642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causes and factors associated with early failure in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Roson, B.; Carratala, J.; Fernandez-Sabe, N.; Tubau, F.; Manresa, F.; Gudiol, F. Causes and factors associated with early failure in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Arch. Intern. Med. 2004, 164, 502–508.
    • (2004) Arch. Intern. Med , vol.164 , pp. 502-508
    • Roson, B.1    Carratala, J.2    Fernandez-Sabe, N.3    Tubau, F.4    Manresa, F.5    Gudiol, F.6
  • 78
    • 0036930960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the polymerase chain reaction method for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae DNA in pleural fluid samples
    • Falguera, M.; Lopez, A.; Nogues, A.; Porcel, J.M.; Rubio-Caballero, M. Evaluation of the polymerase chain reaction method for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae DNA in pleural fluid samples. Chest 2002, 122, 2212–2216.
    • (2002) Chest , vol.122 , pp. 2212-2216
    • Falguera, M.1    Lopez, A.2    Nogues, A.3    Porcel, J.M.4    Rubio-Caballero, M.5
  • 81
    • 0034450704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of the usefulness of sputum Gram stain in the initial approach to community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization
    • Roson, B.; Carratala, J.; Verdaguer, R.; Dorca, J.; Manresa, F.; Gudiol, F. Prospective study of the usefulness of sputum Gram stain in the initial approach to community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2000, 31, 869–874.
    • (2000) Clin. Infect. Dis , vol.31 , pp. 869-874
    • Roson, B.1    Carratala, J.2    Verdaguer, R.3    Dorca, J.4    Manresa, F.5    Gudiol, F.6
  • 83
    • 0034012956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotracheal aspiration in the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Cook, D.; Mandell, L. Endotracheal aspiration in the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2000, 117, 195S–197S.
    • (2000) Chest , vol.117 , pp. 195S-197S
    • Cook, D.1    Mandell, L.2
  • 84
    • 84949921197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the BinaxNOW(R) Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen test on fresh, frozen and concentrated urine samples in elderly patients with and without community-acquired pneumonia
    • Saukkoriipi, A.; Pascal, T.; Palmu, A.A. Evaluation of the BinaxNOW(R) Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen test on fresh, frozen and concentrated urine samples in elderly patients with and without community-acquired pneumonia. J. Microbiol. Methods 2016, 121, 24–26.
    • (2016) J. Microbiol. Methods , vol.121 , pp. 24-26
    • Saukkoriipi, A.1    Pascal, T.2    Palmu, A.A.3
  • 85
    • 84911922078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of pneumonia associated pathogens using a prototype multiplexed pneumonia test in hospitalized patients with severe pneumonia
    • Schulte, B.; Eickmeyer, H.; Heininger, A.; Juretzek, S.; Karrasch, M.; Denis, O.; Roisin, S.; Pletz, M.W.; Klein, M.; Barth, S.; et al. Detection of pneumonia associated pathogens using a prototype multiplexed pneumonia test in hospitalized patients with severe pneumonia. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e110566.
    • (2014) Plos ONE , vol.9
    • Schulte, B.1    Eickmeyer, H.2    Heininger, A.3    Juretzek, S.4    Karrasch, M.5    Denis, O.6    Roisin, S.7    Pletz, M.W.8    Klein, M.9    Barth, S.10
  • 86
    • 79953169831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interest of real-time PCR Xpert MRSA/SA on GeneXpert((R)) DX System in the investigation of staphylococcal bacteremia]
    • Scanvic, A.; Courdavault, L.; Sollet, J.P.; Le, T.F. Interest of real-time PCR Xpert MRSA/SA on GeneXpert((R)) DX System in the investigation of staphylococcal bacteremia]. Pathol. Biol. (Paris) 2011, 59, 67–72.
    • (2011) Pathol. Biol. (Paris) , vol.59 , pp. 67-72
    • Scanvic, A.1    Courdavault, L.2    Sollet, J.P.3    Le, T.F.4
  • 87
    • 68849100602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and methicillin resistance by real-time PCR in whole blood samples
    • Wellinghausen, N.; Siegel, D.; Gebert, S.; Winter, J. Rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and methicillin resistance by real-time PCR in whole blood samples. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2009, 28, 1001–1005.
    • (2009) Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis , vol.28 , pp. 1001-1005
    • Wellinghausen, N.1    Siegel, D.2    Gebert, S.3    Winter, J.4
  • 88
    • 84955401587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical utility of rapid pathogen identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry in ventilated patients with pneumonia: A pilot study
    • Mok, J.H.; Eom, J.S.; Jo, E.J.; Kim, M.H.; Lee, K.; Kim, K.U.; Park, H.K.; Yi, J.; Lee, M.K. Clinical utility of rapid pathogen identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry in ventilated patients with pneumonia: A pilot study. Respirology 2016, 21, 321–328.
    • (2016) Respirology , vol.21 , pp. 321-328
    • Mok, J.H.1    Eom, J.S.2    Jo, E.J.3    Kim, M.H.4    Lee, K.5    Kim, K.U.6    Park, H.K.7    Yi, J.8    Lee, M.K.9


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.