Organizational culture, group diversity and intra-group conflict

Team Performance Management: An International Journal

Volumn 10, Issue , 2004, Pages 26-34

  Chuang, Y ^a   Church, R ^b   Zikic, J ^b  

^a YORK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Diversity management; Internal conflict; Organizational culture

Indexed keywords

EID: 84993102052     PISSN: 13527592     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/13527590410527568     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Amason, A.C. (1996), “Distinguishing the effects of functional and dysfunctional conflict on strategic decision making: resolving a paradox for top management teams”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 39, pp. 123-148.
2. Boulding, K. (1963), Conflict and Defense, Harper & Row, New York, NY.
3. Byrne, D. (1971), The Attraction Paradigm, Academic Press, New York, NY.
4. Chatman, J.A. and Jehn, K.A. (1994), “Assessing the relationship between industry between industry characteristics and organizational culture: how different can you be?”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 37, pp. 522-553.
5. Chatman, J.A., Polzer, J.T., Barsade, S.G. and Neale, M.A. (1998), “Being different yet feeling similar: the influence of demographic composition and organizational culture on work process and outcomes”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 43, pp. 749-780.
6. Chattopadhyay, P. (1999), “Beyond direct and symmetrical effects: the influence of demographic dissimilarity on organizational citizenship behavior”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 42, pp. 273-287.
7. Cox, T.H., Lobel, S.A. and McLeod, P.L. (1991), “Effects of ethnic group cultural differences on cooperative and competitive behavior on a group task”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 34, pp. 827-847.
8. Evan, W. (1965), “Conflict and performance in R&D organizations”, Industrial Management Review, Vol. 7, pp. 37-46.
9. Gladstein, D.L. (1984), “Groups in context: a model of task group effectiveness”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 29, pp. 499-517.
10. Guetzkow, H. and Gyr, J. (1954), “An analysis of conflict in decision-making groups”, Human Relations, Vol. 7, pp. 367-382.
11. Hambrick, D.C. (1994), “Top management groups: a conceptual integration and reconsideration of the ‘team’ label”, Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 16, pp. 171-213.
12. Harrison, D.A., Price, K.H., Gavin, J.H. and Florey, A.T. (2002), “Time, teams, and task performance: changing effects of surface- and deep-level diversity on group functioning”, The Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 45, pp. 1029-1045.
13. Hofstede, G. (1998), “Attitudes, values and organizational culture: disentangling the concepts”, Organization Studies, Vol. 19, pp. 477-492.
14. Hogg, M.A. and Abrams, D. (1993), “Towards a single-process uncertainty-reduction model of social motivation in groups”, in Ed. Hogg, M.A. and Ed. Abrams, D. (Eds), Group Motivation: Social Psychological Perspectives, Harvester Wheatsheaf, Hemel Hempstead, pp. 173-190.
15. Hogg, M.A., Terry, D.J. and White, K.M. (1995), “A tale of two theories: a critical comparison of identity theory with social identity theory”, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 58, pp. 255-271.
16. Jackson, S.E., May, K.E. and Whitney, K. (1995), “Understanding the dynamics of diversity in decision-making teams”, in Ed. Guzzo, R.A., Ed. Salas, E., et al. (Eds), Team Effectiveness and Decision-Making Models in Organizations, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, pp. 204-261.
17. Jackson, S.E., Stone, V.K. and Alvarez, E.B. (1993), “Socialization amidst diversity: the impact of demographics on work team oldtimers and newcomers”, Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 15, pp. 45-109.
18. Janssen, O., Van de Vliert, E. and Veenstra, C. (1999), “How task and person conflict shape the role of positive interdependence in management teams”, Journal of Management, Vol. 25, pp. 117-141.
19. Jehn, K.A. (1995), “A multimethod examination of the benefits and detriments of intragroup conflict”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 40, pp. 256-282.
20. Jehn, K.A. (1997), “A qualitative analysis of conflict types and dimensions in organizational groups”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 42, pp. 530-557.
21. Jehn, K.A. and Chatman, J.A. (2000), “The influence of proportional and perceptual conflict on team performance”, International Journal of Conflict Management, Vol. 11, pp. 56-73.
22. Jehn, K.A., Chadwick, C. and Thatcher, S.M.B. (1997), “To agree or not to agree: the effects of value congruence, individual demographic dissimilarity, and conflict on workgroup outcomes”, The International Journal of Conflict Management, Vol. 8, pp. 287-305.
23. Jehn, K.A., Northcraft, G.B. and Neale, M.A. (1999), “Why differences make a difference: a field study of diversity, conflict, and performance in workgroups”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 44, pp. 741-763.
24. Judge, T.A. and Cable, D.M. (1997), “Applicant personality, organizational culture, and organization attraction”, Personnel Psychology, Vol. 50, pp. 359-394.
25. Lawrence, B.S. (1997), “The black box of organizational demography”, Organization Science, Vol. 8, pp. 1-22.
26. Lovelace, K., Shapiro, D.L. and Weingart, L.R. (2001), “Maximizing cross-functional new product teams' innovativeness and constraint adherence: a conflict communications perspective”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 44, pp. 779-794.
27. March, J.G. and Simon, H. (1958), Organizations, Wiley, New York, NY.
28. Meglino, B.M., Ravlin, E.C. and Adkins, C.L. (1989), “A work values approach to corporate culture: a field test of the value congruence process and its relationship to individual outcomes”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 74, pp. 424-432.
29. Milliken, F.J. and Martins, L.L. (1996), “Searching for common threads: understanding the multiple effects of diversity in organizational groups”, Academy of Management Review, Vol. 21, pp. 402-433.
30. Murnighan, J.K. and Conlon, D.E. (1991), “The dynamics of intense work groups: a study of British string quartets”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 36, pp. 165-186.
31. O'Reilly, C.A. III, Caldwell, D.F. and Barnett, W.P. (1989), “Work group demography, social integration, and turnover”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 34, pp. 21-37.
32. O'Reilly, C.A. III and Chatman, J. (1996), “Culture as social control: corporations, cults, and commitment”, Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 18, pp. 157-200.
33. O'Reilly, C.A. III, Chatman, J. and Caldwell, D.F. (1991), “People and organizational culture: a profile comparison approach to assessing person-organization fit”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 34, pp. 487-516.
34. Ott, S.J. (1989), The Organizational Culture Perspective, The Porsey Press, Chicago, IL.
35. Pelled, L.H. (1996a), “Demographic diversity, conflict, and work group outcomes: an intervening process theory”, Organization Science, Vol. 7, pp. 615-631.
36. Pelled, L.H. (1996b), “Relational demography and perceptions of group conflict and performance: a field investigation”, The International Journal of Conflict Management, Vol. 7, pp. 230-246.
37. Pelled, L.H., Eisenhardt, K.M. and Xin, K.R. (1999), “Exploring the black box: an analysis of work group diversity, conflict, and performance”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 44, pp. 1-28.
38. Pelled, L.H., Xin, K.R. and Weiss, A.M. (2001), “No es como mi: relational demography and conflict in a Mexican production facility”, Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology, Vol. 74, pp. 63-84.
39. Polzer, J.T., Milton, L.P. and Swann, W.B. Jr (2002), “Capitalizing on diversity: interpersonal congruence in small work groups”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 47, pp. 296-325.
40. Riordan, C.M. and Shore, L.M. (1997), “Demographic diversity and employee attitudes: an empirical examination of relational demography within work units”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 82, pp. 342-358.
41. Rousseau, D.M. (1990), “Assessing organizational culture: the case for multiple methods”, in Ed. Schneider, B. (Ed.), Organizational Climate and Culture, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, pp. 153-192.
42. Schein, E. (1985), Organizational Culture and Leadership, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA.
43. Shah, P.P. and Jehn, K.A. (1993), “Do friends perform better than acquaintances? The interaction of friendship, conflict, and task”, Group Decisions & Negotiation, Vol. 2, pp. 149-165.
44. Sheridan, J.E. (1992), “Organizational culture and employee retention”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 35, pp. 1036-1056.
45. Simons, T., Pelled, L.H. and Smith, K.A. (1999), “Making use of difference: diversity, debate, and decision comprehensiveness in top management teams”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 42, pp. 662-674.
46. Simons, T.L. and Peterson, R.S. (2000), “Task conflict and relationship conflict in top management teams. The pivotal role of intragroup trust”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 85, pp. 102-111.
47. Sorensen, J.B. (2002), “The strength of corporate culture and the reliability of firm performance”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 47, pp. 70-91.
48. Staw, B.M., Sandelands, L.E. and Dutton, J.E. (1981), “Threat-rigidity effects in organizational behavior: a multilevel analysis”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 26, pp. 501-524.
49. Tajfel, H. (1978), Differentiation between Social Groups, Academic Press, Oxford.
50. Tajfel, H. and Turner, J. (1986), “The social identity of intergroup behavior”, in Ed. Worchel, S. and Ed. Austin, W. (Eds), Psychology and Intergroup Relations, Nelson-Hall, Chicago, IL, pp. 7-24.
51. Tsui, A.S., Egan, T.D. and O'Reilly, C.A. III (1992), “Being different: relational demography and organizational attachment”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 37, pp. 549-579.
52. Tsui, A.S., Egan, T.D. and Xin, K.R. (1995), “Diversity in organizations: lessons from demography research”, in Ed. Chemers, M.M., Ed. Oskamp, S. and Ed. Costanzo, M.A. (Eds), Diversity in Organizations: New Perspectives for a Changing Workplace, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA, pp. 191-219.
53. Tzabbar, D. and Chuang, Y.T. (2000), “When does diversity matter? The roles of knowledge diversity and a group's socio-political structure in shaping TMT's decision to innovate”, unpublished manuscript, Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, Toronto.
54. Wagner, W.G., Pfeffer, J. and O'Reilly, C.A. (1984), “Organizational demography and turnover in top management groups”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 29, pp. 74-92.
55. Watson, W.E., Kumar, K. and Michaelsen, L.K. (1993), “Cultural diversity's impact on interaction process and performance: comparing homogeneous and diverse task groups”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 36, pp. 590-602.
56. Wiersema, M.F. (1992), “Top management team demography and corporate strategic change”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 35, pp. 91-122.
57. Williams, K.Y. and O'Reilly, C.A. (1998), “Demography and diversity in organizations: a review of 40 years of research”, Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 20, pp. 77-140.
58. McGrath, J.E. (1997), “Small group research, that once and future field: an interpretation of the past with an eye to the future”, Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, Vol. 1, pp. 7-27.
59. Pfeffer, J. (1983), “Organizational demography”, Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 5, pp. 299-357.
60. Wiersema, M.F. and Bird, A. (1993), “Organizational demography in Japanese firms: group heterogeneity, individual dissimilarity, and top management team turnover”, Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 36, pp. 996-1025.