Cancer therapies in HIV cure research

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2017, Pages 96-104

  Rasmussen, Thomas A ^a,b   Anderson, Jenny L ^a   Wightman, Fiona ^a   Lewin, Sharon R ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^b AARHUS UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^c MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Apoptosis promoting agents; HIV cure; HIV latency; HIV reservoir; Immune checkpoint inhibitors

Indexed keywords

BROMODOMAIN INHIBITOR; DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITOR; HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR; INHIBITOR OF APOPTOSIS PROTEIN; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE INHIBITOR; PROTEIN KINASE B INHIBITOR; PROTEIN KINASE C INHIBITOR; RETINOIC ACID INDUCIBLE PROTEIN I; SECOND MITOCHONDRIAL ACTIVATOR OF CASPASE; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR AGONIST; VENETOCLAX; ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT;

ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY; CANCER THERAPY; CLINICAL RESEARCH; EPIGENETICS; EX VIVO STUDY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; IMMUNOSURVEILLANCE; PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; VIRUS LATENCY; COMPLICATION; HIV INFECTIONS; IMMUNOTHERAPY; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MEDICAL RESEARCH; NEOPLASMS; PROCEDURES; TRENDS;

ANTI-HIV AGENTS; BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; IMMUNOTHERAPY; NEOPLASMS;

EID: 84986193639     PISSN: 1746630X     EISSN: 17466318     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000328     Document Type: Review

References (78)

1. Chun TW, Stuyver L, Mizell SB, et al. Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94:13193-13197.
2. Bruner KM, Hosmane NN, Siliciano RF. Towards an HIV-1 cure: measuring the latent reservoir. Trends Microbiol 2015; 23:192-203.
3. Banga R, Procopio FA, Noto A, et al. PD-1 and follicular helper T cells are responsible for persistent HIV-1 transcription in treated aviremic individuals. Nat Med 2016; 22:754-761.
4. Damouche A, Lazure T, Avettand-Fenoel V, et al. Adipose tissue is a neglected viral reservoir and an inflammatory site during chronic HIV and SIV infection. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005153.
5. + T cells can produce infectious HIV-1 in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:1883-1888.
6. Lorenzo-Redondo R, Fryer HR, Bedford T, et al. Persistent HIV-1 replication maintains the tissue reservoir during therapy. Nature 2016; 530:51-56.
7. Rothenberger MK, Keele BF, Wietgrefe SW, et al. Largenumber of rebounding/founder HIV variants emerge from multifocal infection in lymphatic tissues after treatment interruption. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E1126-E1134.
8. Fukazawa Y, Lum R, Okoye AA, et al. B cell follicle sanctuary permits persistent productive simian immunodeficiency virus infection in elite controllers. Nat Med 2015; 21:132-139.
9. Archin NM, Liberty AL, Kashuba AD, et al. Administration of vorinostat disrupts HIV-1 latency in patients on antiretroviral therapy. Nature 2012; 487:482-485.
10. Elliott JH, Wightman F, Solomon A, et al. Activation of HIV transcription with short-course vorinostat in HIV-infected patients on suppressive antiretroviral therapy. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004473.
11. Rasmussen TA, Tolstrup M, Brinkmann CR, et al. Panobinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, for latent-virus reactivation in HIV-infected patients on suppressive antiretroviral therapy: a phase 1/2, single group, clinical trial. Lancet HIV 2014; 1:e13-e21.
12. Sogaard OS, Graversen ME, Leth S, et al. The depsipeptide romidepsin reverses HIV-1 latency in vivo. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005142.
13. Leth S, Schleimann MH, Nissen SK, Højen JF, Olesen R, Graversen ME, Jørgensen S, Kjær AS, Denton PW, Mørk A, Sommerfelt MA, Krogsgaard, K, Østergaard L, Rasmussen TA, Tolstrup M, Søgaard OS. Combined effect of Vacc-4x, recombinant human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor vaccination, and romidepsin on the HIV-1 reservoir (REDUC): a single-arm, phase 1B/2A trial. Lancet HIV. Published online 07 July 2016.
14. Kulkosky J, Culnan DM, Roman J, et al. Prostratin: activation of latent HIV-1 expression suggests a potential inductive adjuvant therapy for HAART. Blood 2001; 98:3006-3015.
15. Plimack ER, Tan T, Wong YN, et al. A phase I study of temsirolimus and bryostatin-1 in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and soft tissue sarcoma. Oncologist 2014; 19:354-355.
16. Laird GM, Bullen CK, Rosenbloom DI, et al. Ex vivo analysis identifies effective HIV- 1 latency-reversing drug combinations. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:1901-1912.
17. Gutierrez C, Serrano-Villar S, Madrid-Elena N, et al. Bryostatin-1 for latent virus reactivation in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2016; 30:1385-1392.
18. Pandelo Jose D, Bartholomeeusen K, da Cunha RD, et al. Reactivation of latent HIV-1 by new semi-synthetic ingenol esters. Virology 2014; 462-463:328-339.
19. Filippakopoulos P, Knapp S. Targeting bromodomains: epigenetic readers of lysine acetylation. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2014; 13:337-356.
20. Sahai V, Redig AJ, Collier KA, et al. Targeting BET bromodomain proteins in solid tumors. Oncotarget 2016. [Epub ahead of print]
21. Jeng MY, Ali I, Ott M. Manipulation of the hostprotein acetylation network byhuman immunodeficiency virus type 1. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 50:314-325.
22. Darcis G, Kula A, Bouchat S, et al. An in-depth comparison of latencyreversing agent combinations in various in vitro and ex vivo HIV-1 latency models identified bryostatin-1+JQ1 and ingenol-B+JQ1 to potently reactivate viral gene expression. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005063.
23. Boehm D, Calvanese V, Dar RD, et al. BET bromodomain-targeting compounds reactivate HIV from latency via a Tat-independent mechanism. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:452-462.
24. Theodoulou NH, Tomkinson NC, Prinjha RK, Humphreys PG. Clinical progress and pharmacology of small molecule bromodomain inhibitors. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2016; 33:58-66.
25. Lu P, Qu X, Shen Y, et al. The BET inhibitor OTX015 reactivates latent HIV-1 through P-TEFb. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24100.
26. Fratta E, Montico B, Rizzo A, et al. Epimutational profile of hematologic malignancies as attractive target for new epigenetic therapies. Oncotarget 2016. [Epub ahead of print]
27. Nebbioso A, Carafa V, Benedetti R, Altucci L. Trials with 'epigenetic' drugs: an update. Mol Oncol 2012; 6:657-682.
28. Kauder SE, Bosque A, Lindqvist A, et al. Epigenetic regulation of HIV-1 latency by cytosine methylation. PLoS Pathog 2009; 5:e1000495.
29. Blazkova J, Trejbalova K, Gondois-Rey F, et al. CpG methylation controls reactivation of HIV from latency. PLoS Pathog 2009; 5:e1000554.
30. Fernandez G, Zeichner SL. Cell line-dependent variability in HIV activation employing DNMT inhibitors. Virol J 2010; 7:266.
31. Green DR, Llambi F. Cell death signaling. Cold Spring Harbor Perspect Biol 2015; 7:.
32. Estornes Y, Bertrand MJ. IAPs, regulators of innate immunity and inflammation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 39:106-114.
33. Roberts AW, Davids MS, Pagel JM, et al. Targeting BCL2 with venetoclax in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med 2016; 374:311-322.
34. Cummins NW, Sainski AM, Dai H, et al. Prime, shock, and kill: priming CD4 T cells from HIV patients with a BCL-2 antagonist before HIV reactivation reduces HIV reservoir size. J Virol 2016; 90:4032-4048.
35. Prado R, Francis SO, Mason MN, et al. Nonmelanoma skin cancer chemoprevention. Dermatol Surg 2011; 37:1566-1578.
36. Dunn LK, Gaar LR, Yentzer BA, et al. Acitretin in dermatology: a review. J Drugs Dermatol 2011; 10:772-782.
37. Li P, Kaiser P, Lampiris HW, et al. Stimulating the RIG-I pathway to kill cells in the latent HIV reservoir following viral reactivation. Nat Med 2016; 22:807-811.
38. Bai L, Smith DC, Wang S. Small-molecule SMAC mimetics as new cancer therapeutics. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 144:82-95.
39. Pache L, Dutra MS, Spivak AM, et al. BIRC2/cIAP1 is a negative regulator of HIV-1 transcription and can be targeted by SMAC mimetics to promote reversal of viral latency. Cell Host Microbe 2015; 18:345-353.
40. Noonan AM, Bunch KP, Chen JQ, et al. Pharmacodynamic markers and clinical results from the phase 2 study of the SMAC mimetic birinapant in women with relapsed platinum-resistant or -refractory epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer 2016; 122:588-597.
41. Ebert G, Allison C, Preston S, et al. Eliminating hepatitis B by antagonizing cellular inhibitors of apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:5803-5808.
42. Berro R, de la Fuente C, Klase Z, et al. Identifying the membrane proteome of HIV-1 latently infected cells. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:8207-8218.
43. Mundi PS, Sachdev J, McCourt C, Kalinsky K. AKT in cancer: new molecular insights and advances in drug development. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2016. [Epub ahead of print]
44. Lucas A, Kim Y, Rivera-Pabon O, et al. Targeting the PI3K/Akt cell survival pathway to induce cell death of HIV-1 infected macrophages with alkylphospholipid compounds. PLoS One 2010; 5:.
45. Kim Y, Hollenbaugh JA, Kim DH, Kim B. Novel PI3K/Akt inhibitors screened by the cytoprotective function of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21781.
46. Sharma P, Allison JP. Immune checkpoint targeting in cancer therapy: toward combination strategies with curative potential. Cell 2015; 161:205-214.
47. Weber JS, D'Angelo SP, Minor D, et al. Nivolumab versus chemotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma who progressed after anti-CTLA-4 treatment (Check Mate 037): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2015; 16:375-384.
48. Robert C, Schachter J, Long GV, et al. Pembrolizumab versus ipilimumab in advanced melanoma. N Engl J Med 2015; 372:2521-2532.
49. Postow MA, Chesney J, Pavlick AC, et al. Nivolumab and ipilimumab versus ipilimumab in untreated melanoma. N Engl J Med 2015; 372:2006-2017.
50. Zheng H, Zhao W, Yan C, et al. HDAC inhibitors enhance T-cell chemokine expression and augment response to PD-1 immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:4119-4132.
51. Day CL, Kaufmann DE, Kiepiela P, et al. PD-1 expression on HIV-specific T cells is associated with T-cell exhaustion and disease progression. Nature 2006; 443:350-354.
52. Chew GM, Fujita T, Webb GM, et al. TIGIT marks exhausted T cells, correlates with disease progression, and serves as a target for immune restoration in HIV and SIV infection. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005349.
53. Akhmetzyanova I, Drabczyk M, Neff CP, et al. Correction: PD-L1 expression on retrovirus-infected cells mediates immune escape from CD8+ T cell killing. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005364.
54. Porichis F, Kwon DS, Zupkosky J, et al. Responsiveness of HIV-specific CD4 T cells to PD-1 blockade. Blood 2011; 118:965-974.
55. Velu V, Titanji K, Zhu B, et al. Enhancing SIV-specific immunity in vivo by PD-1 blockade. Nature 2009; 458:206-210.
56. Chomont N, El-Far M, Ancuta P, et al. HIV reservoir size and persistence are driven by T cell survival and homeostatic proliferation. Nat Med 2009; 15:893-900.
57. Pallikkuth S, Sharkey M, Babic DZ, et al. Peripheral T follicular helper cells are the major HIV reservoir within central memory CD4 T cells in peripheral blood from chronically HIV-infected individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy. J Virol 2015; 90:2718-2728.
58. Fromentin R, Bakeman W, Lawani MB, et al. CD4+ T cells expressing PD-1, TIGIT and LAG-3 contribute to HIV persistence during ART. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005761.
59. Wightman F, Solomon A, Kumar SS, et al. Effect of ipilimumab on the HIV reservoir in an HIV-infected individual with metastatic melanoma. AIDS 2015; 29:504-506.
60. Eron J, Gay C, Bosch R, et al. Safety, immunologic and virologic activity of anti- PD-L1 in HIV-1 participants on ART. In: Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Boston, MA: 2016.
61. Eigentler TK, Hassel F C, Berking C, et al. Diagnosis, monitoring and management of immune-related adverse drug reactions of anti-PD-1 antibody therapy. Cancer Treat Rev 2016; 45:7-18.
62. Spain L, Diem S, Larkin J. Management of toxicities of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cancer Treat Rev 2016; 44:51-60.
63. Brahmer JR, Tykodi SS, Chow LQ, et al. Safety and activity of anti-PD-L1 antibody in patients with advanced cancer. N Engl J Med 2012; 366:2455-2465.
64. Jones RB. Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in combination with the IL-15 superagonist ALT-803 eliminate latently HIV-infected autologous CD4+ T-cells from natural reservoirs. In: Keystone Symposium, Mechanisms of HIV Persistence: Implications for a Cure. Boston, USA: 2015.
65. Micci L, Ryan ES, Fromentin R, et al. Interleukin-21 combined with ART reduces inflammation and viral reservoir in SIV-infected macaques. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:4497-4513.
66. Sung JA, Pickeral J, Liu L, et al. Dual-affinity re-targeting proteins direct T cellmediated cytolysis of latently HIV-infected cells. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:4077-4090.
67. Leibman RS, Riley JL. Engineering T cells to functionally cure HIV-1 infection. Mol Ther 2015; 23:1149-1159.
68. Kanzler H, Barrat FJ, Hessel EM, Coffman RL. Therapeutic targeting of innate immunity with Toll-like receptor agonists and antagonists. Nat Med 2007; 13:552-559.
69. Liu Y, Zeng G. Cancer and innate immune system interactions: translational potentials for cancer immunotherapy. J Immunother 2012; 35:299-308.
70. Krieg AM. Development of TLR9 agonists for cancer therapy. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:1184-1194.
71. Offersen R, Nissen SK, Rasmussen TA, et al. A novel Toll-like receptor 9 agonist, MGN1703, enhances HIV-1 transcription and NK cell-mediated inhibition of HIV-1-infected autologous CD4+ T cells. J Virol 2016; 90:4441-4453.
72. Buitendijk M, Eszterhas SK, Howell AL. Toll-like receptor agonists are potent inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2014; 30:457-467.
73. Kawai T, Akira S. The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: update on Toll-like receptors. Nat Immunol 2010; 11:373-384.
74. Scheller C, Ullrich A, Lamla S, et al. Dual activity of phosphorothioate CpG oligodeoxynucleotides on HIV: reactivation of latent provirus and inhibition of productive infection in human T cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1091:540-547.
75. Scheller C, Ullrich A, McPherson K, et al. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides activate HIV replication in latently infected human T cells. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:21897-21902.
76. Vibholm L, Schleimann MH, Offersen R, et al. TLR9 agonist MGN1703 treatment enhances cellular immune responses in HIV-infected individuals on ART. In: HIV Persistence: Pathogenesis and Eradication (Keystone Symposium X7). Olympic Valley, CA: 2016.
77. Schmoll HJ, Wittig B, Arnold D, et al. Maintenance treatment with the immunomodulator MGN1703, a Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist, in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma and disease control after chemotherapy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 140:1615-1624.
78. Whitney JB, Lim SY, Osuna C, et al. Repeated TLR7 agonist treatment of SIV+ monkeys on ART can lead to viral remission. In: Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Boston, MA: 2016.