메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 76, Issue , 2016, Pages 1-35

Cell-Free Fetal DNA Testing for Prenatal Diagnosis

Author keywords

Aneuploidy; Cell free DNA; cffDNA; NIPD; NIPT; Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis; Noninvasive prenatal testing; Single gene disorders

Indexed keywords

DNA; GENETIC MARKER;

EID: 84977584637     PISSN: 00652423     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2016.05.004     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (49)

References (165)
  • 1
    • 0342618532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence of fetal DNA in maternal plasma and serum
    • [1] Lo, Y.M., Corbetta, N., Chamberlain, P.F., Rai, V., Sargent, I.L., Redman, C.W., et al. Presence of fetal DNA in maternal plasma and serum. Lancet 350 (1997), 485–487, 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)02174-0.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.350 , pp. 485-487
    • Lo, Y.M.1    Corbetta, N.2    Chamberlain, P.F.3    Rai, V.4    Sargent, I.L.5    Redman, C.W.6
  • 3
    • 76449093190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on procedure-related risks for prenatal diagnosis techniques
    • [3] Tabor, A., Alfirevic, Z., Update on procedure-related risks for prenatal diagnosis techniques. Fetal Diagn. Ther. 27 (2010), 1–7, 10.1159/000271995.
    • (2010) Fetal Diagn. Ther. , vol.27 , pp. 1-7
    • Tabor, A.1    Alfirevic, Z.2
  • 4
    • 79958087361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal determination of fetal sex: translating research into clinical practice
    • [4] Hill, M., Finning, K., Martin, P., Hogg, J., Meaney, C., Norbury, G., et al. Non-invasive prenatal determination of fetal sex: translating research into clinical practice. Clin. Genet. 80 (2011), 68–75, 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01533.x.
    • (2011) Clin. Genet. , vol.80 , pp. 68-75
    • Hill, M.1    Finning, K.2    Martin, P.3    Hogg, J.4    Meaney, C.5    Norbury, G.6
  • 5
    • 84867745351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for fetal sex determination: benefits and disadvantages from the service users’ perspective
    • [5] Lewis, C., Hill, M., Skirton, H., Chitty, L.S., Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for fetal sex determination: benefits and disadvantages from the service users’ perspective. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 20 (2012), 1127–1133, 10.1038/ejhg.2012.50.
    • (2012) Eur. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.20 , pp. 1127-1133
    • Lewis, C.1    Hill, M.2    Skirton, H.3    Chitty, L.S.4
  • 6
    • 84908232413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Routine noninvasive prenatal screening for fetal RHD in plasma of RhD-negative pregnant women-2 years of screening experience from Denmark
    • [6] Banch Clausen, F., Steffensen, R., Christiansen, M., Rudby, M., Jakobsen, M.A., Jakobsen, T.R., et al. Routine noninvasive prenatal screening for fetal RHD in plasma of RhD-negative pregnant women-2 years of screening experience from Denmark. Prenat. Diagn. 34 (2014), 1000–1005, 10.1002/pd.4419.
    • (2014) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.34 , pp. 1000-1005
    • Banch Clausen, F.1    Steffensen, R.2    Christiansen, M.3    Rudby, M.4    Jakobsen, M.A.5    Jakobsen, T.R.6
  • 7
    • 84933673322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of achondroplasia and thanatophoric dysplasia: next-generation sequencing allows for a safer, more accurate, and comprehensive approach
    • [7] Chitty, L.S., Mason, S., Barrett, A.N., McKay, F., Lench, N., Daley, R., et al. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of achondroplasia and thanatophoric dysplasia: next-generation sequencing allows for a safer, more accurate, and comprehensive approach. Prenat. Diagn. 35 (2015), 656–662, 10.1002/pd.4583.
    • (2015) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.35 , pp. 656-662
    • Chitty, L.S.1    Mason, S.2    Barrett, A.N.3    McKay, F.4    Lench, N.5    Daley, R.6
  • 8
    • 55849124028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive diagnosis of fetal aneuploidy by shotgun sequencing DNA from maternal blood
    • [8] Fan, H.C., Blumenfeld, Y.J., Chitkara, U., Hudgins, L., Quake, S.R., Noninvasive diagnosis of fetal aneuploidy by shotgun sequencing DNA from maternal blood. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (2008), 16266–16271, 10.1073/pnas.0808319105.
    • (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.105 , pp. 16266-16271
    • Fan, H.C.1    Blumenfeld, Y.J.2    Chitkara, U.3    Hudgins, L.4    Quake, S.R.5
  • 9
    • 58149490683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of fetal chromosomal aneuploidy by massively parallel genomic sequencing of DNA in maternal plasma
    • [9] Chiu, R.W.K., Chan, K.C.A., Gao, Y., Lau, V.Y.M., Zheng, W., Leung, T.Y., et al. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of fetal chromosomal aneuploidy by massively parallel genomic sequencing of DNA in maternal plasma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (2008), 20458–20463, 10.1073/pnas.0810641105.
    • (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.105 , pp. 20458-20463
    • Chiu, R.W.K.1    Chan, K.C.A.2    Gao, Y.3    Lau, V.Y.M.4    Zheng, W.5    Leung, T.Y.6
  • 10
    • 78650207098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal plasma DNA sequencing reveals the genome-wide genetic and mutational profile of the fetus
    • [10] Lo, Y.M.D., Chan, K.C.A., Sun, H., Chen, E.Z., Jiang, P., Lun, F.M.F., et al. Maternal plasma DNA sequencing reveals the genome-wide genetic and mutational profile of the fetus. Sci. Transl. Med., 2, 2010, 61ra91, 10.1126/scitranslmed.3001720.
    • (2010) Sci. Transl. Med. , vol.2 , pp. 61ra91
    • Lo, Y.M.D.1    Chan, K.C.A.2    Sun, H.3    Chen, E.Z.4    Jiang, P.5    Lun, F.M.F.6
  • 11
    • 0032999273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal cells in the maternal circulation: feasibility for prenatal diagnosis
    • [11] Bianchi, D.W., Fetal cells in the maternal circulation: feasibility for prenatal diagnosis. Br. J. Haematol. 105 (1999), 574–583.
    • (1999) Br. J. Haematol. , vol.105 , pp. 574-583
    • Bianchi, D.W.1
  • 12
    • 1942487331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating fetal DNA: its origin and diagnostic potential-a review
    • [12] Bianchi, D.W., Circulating fetal DNA: its origin and diagnostic potential-a review. Placenta 25:Suppl. A (2004), S93–S101, 10.1016/j.placenta.2004.01.005.
    • (2004) Placenta , vol.25 , pp. S93-S101
    • Bianchi, D.W.1
  • 13
    • 0036707487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell-free fetal DNA in the maternal circulation does not stem from the transplacental passage of fetal erythroblasts
    • [13] Zhong, X.Y., Holzgreve, W., Hahn, S., Cell-free fetal DNA in the maternal circulation does not stem from the transplacental passage of fetal erythroblasts. Mol. Hum. Reprod. 8 (2002), 864–870.
    • (2002) Mol. Hum. Reprod. , vol.8 , pp. 864-870
    • Zhong, X.Y.1    Holzgreve, W.2    Hahn, S.3
  • 14
    • 0037230512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal cell-free plasma DNA concentrations in maternal blood are stable 24 hours after collection: analysis of first- and third-trimester samples
    • [14] Angert, R.M., LeShane, E.S., Lo, Y.M.D., Chan, L.Y.S., Delli-Bovi, L.C., Bianchi, D.W., Fetal cell-free plasma DNA concentrations in maternal blood are stable 24 hours after collection: analysis of first- and third-trimester samples. Clin. Chem. 49 (2003), 195–198.
    • (2003) Clin. Chem. , vol.49 , pp. 195-198
    • Angert, R.M.1    LeShane, E.S.2    Lo, Y.M.D.3    Chan, L.Y.S.4    Delli-Bovi, L.C.5    Bianchi, D.W.6
  • 15
    • 26844478953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of the placental epigenetic signature of the maspin gene in maternal plasma
    • [15] Chim, S.S.C., Tong, Y.K., Chiu, R.W.K., Lau, T.K., Leung, T.N., Chan, L.Y.S., et al. Detection of the placental epigenetic signature of the maspin gene in maternal plasma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (2005), 14753–14758, 10.1073/pnas.0503335102.
    • (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.102 , pp. 14753-14758
    • Chim, S.S.C.1    Tong, Y.K.2    Chiu, R.W.K.3    Lau, T.K.4    Leung, T.N.5    Chan, L.Y.S.6
  • 16
    • 34247843101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypermethylation of RASSF1A in human and rhesus placentas
    • [16] Chiu, R.W.K., Chim, S.S.C., Wong, I.H.N., Wong, C.S.C., Lee, W.-S., To, K.F., et al. Hypermethylation of RASSF1A in human and rhesus placentas. Am. J. Pathol. 170 (2007), 941–950, 10.2353/ajpath.2007.060641.
    • (2007) Am. J. Pathol. , vol.170 , pp. 941-950
    • Chiu, R.W.K.1    Chim, S.S.C.2    Wong, I.H.N.3    Wong, C.S.C.4    Lee, W.-S.5    To, K.F.6
  • 17
    • 33845512998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypermethylated RASSF1A in maternal plasma: a universal fetal DNA marker that improves the reliability of noninvasive prenatal diagnosis
    • [17] Chan, K.C.A., Ding, C., Gerovassili, A., Yeung, S.W., Chiu, R.W.K., Leung, T.N., et al. Hypermethylated RASSF1A in maternal plasma: a universal fetal DNA marker that improves the reliability of noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. Clin. Chem. 52 (2006), 2211–2218, 10.1373/clinchem.2006.074997.
    • (2006) Clin. Chem. , vol.52 , pp. 2211-2218
    • Chan, K.C.A.1    Ding, C.2    Gerovassili, A.3    Yeung, S.W.4    Chiu, R.W.K.5    Leung, T.N.6
  • 18
    • 34347230507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free fetal DNA in maternal plasma in anembryonic pregnancies: confirmation that the origin is the trophoblast
    • [18] Alberry, M., Maddocks, D., Jones, M., Abdel Hadi, M., Abdel-Fattah, S., Avent, N., et al. Free fetal DNA in maternal plasma in anembryonic pregnancies: confirmation that the origin is the trophoblast. Prenat. Diagn. 27 (2007), 415–418, 10.1002/pd.1700.
    • (2007) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.27 , pp. 415-418
    • Alberry, M.1    Maddocks, D.2    Jones, M.3    Abdel Hadi, M.4    Abdel-Fattah, S.5    Avent, N.6
  • 19
    • 84943800213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of maternal and fetal characteristics on cell-free fetal DNA fraction in maternal plasma
    • [19] Zhou, Y., Zhu, Z., Gao, Y., Yuan, Y., Guo, Y., Zhou, L., et al. Effects of maternal and fetal characteristics on cell-free fetal DNA fraction in maternal plasma. Reprod. Sci. (Thousand Oaks, CA) 22 (2015), 1429–1435, 10.1177/1933719115584445.
    • (2015) Reprod. Sci. (Thousand Oaks, CA) , vol.22 , pp. 1429-1435
    • Zhou, Y.1    Zhu, Z.2    Gao, Y.3    Yuan, Y.4    Guo, Y.5    Zhou, L.6
  • 20
    • 0043124696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinetics of SRY gene appearance in maternal serum: detection by real time PCR in early pregnancy after assisted reproductive technique
    • [20] Guibert, J., Benachi, A., Grebille, A.-G., Ernault, P., Zorn, J.-R., Costa, J.-M., Kinetics of SRY gene appearance in maternal serum: detection by real time PCR in early pregnancy after assisted reproductive technique. Hum. Reprod. 18 (2003), 1733–1736.
    • (2003) Hum. Reprod. , vol.18 , pp. 1733-1736
    • Guibert, J.1    Benachi, A.2    Grebille, A.-G.3    Ernault, P.4    Zorn, J.-R.5    Costa, J.-M.6
  • 21
    • 85046589467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell-free fetal DNA in the maternal circulation originates from the cytotrophoblast: proof from an unique case
    • [21] Hochstenbach, R., Nikkels, P.G.J., Elferink, M.G., Oudijk, M.A., van Oppen, C., van Zon, P., et al. Cell-free fetal DNA in the maternal circulation originates from the cytotrophoblast: proof from an unique case. Clin. Case Rep. 3 (2015), 489–491, 10.1002/ccr3.285.
    • (2015) Clin. Case Rep. , vol.3 , pp. 489-491
    • Hochstenbach, R.1    Nikkels, P.G.J.2    Elferink, M.G.3    Oudijk, M.A.4    van Oppen, C.5    van Zon, P.6
  • 24
    • 0347898005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of fetal DNA in maternal plasma and serum: implications for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis
    • [24] Lo, Y.M.D., Tein, M.S.C., Lau, T.K., Haines, C.J., Leung, T.N., Poon, P.M.K., et al. Quantitative analysis of fetal DNA in maternal plasma and serum: implications for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 62 (1998), 768–775, 10.1086/301800.
    • (1998) Am. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.62 , pp. 768-775
    • Lo, Y.M.D.1    Tein, M.S.C.2    Lau, T.K.3    Haines, C.J.4    Leung, T.N.5    Poon, P.M.K.6
  • 25
    • 54049132561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microfluidics digital PCR reveals a higher than expected fraction of fetal DNA in maternal plasma
    • [25] Lun, F.M.F., Chiu, R.W.K., Allen Chan, K.C., Yeung Leung, T., Kin Lau, T., Dennis Lo, Y.M., Microfluidics digital PCR reveals a higher than expected fraction of fetal DNA in maternal plasma. Clin. Chem. 54 (2008), 1664–1672, 10.1373/clinchem.2008.111385.
    • (2008) Clin. Chem. , vol.54 , pp. 1664-1672
    • Lun, F.M.F.1    Chiu, R.W.K.2    Allen Chan, K.C.3    Yeung Leung, T.4    Kin Lau, T.5    Dennis Lo, Y.M.6
  • 26
    • 84880043573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gestational age and maternal weight effects on fetal cell-free DNA in maternal plasma
    • [26] Wang, E., Batey, A., Struble, C., Musci, T., Song, K., Oliphant, A., Gestational age and maternal weight effects on fetal cell-free DNA in maternal plasma. Prenat. Diagn. 33 (2013), 662–666, 10.1002/pd.4119.
    • (2013) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.33 , pp. 662-666
    • Wang, E.1    Batey, A.2    Struble, C.3    Musci, T.4    Song, K.5    Oliphant, A.6
  • 27
    • 84857868297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA sequencing of maternal plasma reliably identifies trisomy 18 and trisomy 13 as well as Down syndrome: an international collaborative study
    • [27] Palomaki, G.E., Deciu, C., Kloza, E.M., Lambert-Messerlian, G.M., Haddow, J.E., Neveux, L.M., et al. DNA sequencing of maternal plasma reliably identifies trisomy 18 and trisomy 13 as well as Down syndrome: an international collaborative study. Genet. Med. 14 (2012), 296–305, 10.1038/gim.2011.73.
    • (2012) Genet. Med. , vol.14 , pp. 296-305
    • Palomaki, G.E.1    Deciu, C.2    Kloza, E.M.3    Lambert-Messerlian, G.M.4    Haddow, J.E.5    Neveux, L.M.6
  • 28
    • 84859361254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal detection and selective analysis of cell-free DNA obtained from maternal blood: evaluation for trisomy 21 and trisomy 18
    • [28] Sparks, A.B., Struble, C.A., Wang, E.T., Song, K., Oliphant, A., Noninvasive prenatal detection and selective analysis of cell-free DNA obtained from maternal blood: evaluation for trisomy 21 and trisomy 18. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 206 (2012), 319.e1–319.e9, 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.01.030.
    • (2012) Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.206 , pp. 319.e1-319.e9
    • Sparks, A.B.1    Struble, C.A.2    Wang, E.T.3    Song, K.4    Oliphant, A.5
  • 29
    • 80755172331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA sequencing of maternal plasma to detect Down syndrome: an international clinical validation study
    • [29] Palomaki, G.E., Kloza, E.M., Lambert-Messerlian, G.M., Haddow, J.E., Neveux, L.M., Ehrich, M., et al. DNA sequencing of maternal plasma to detect Down syndrome: an international clinical validation study. Genet. Med. 13 (2011), 913–920, 10.1097/GIM.0b013e3182368a0e.
    • (2011) Genet. Med. , vol.13 , pp. 913-920
    • Palomaki, G.E.1    Kloza, E.M.2    Lambert-Messerlian, G.M.3    Haddow, J.E.4    Neveux, L.M.5    Ehrich, M.6
  • 30
    • 84871369642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fetal fraction of cell-free DNA in maternal plasma is not affected by a priori risk of fetal trisomy
    • [30] Brar, H., Wang, E., Struble, C., Musci, T.J., Norton, M.E., The fetal fraction of cell-free DNA in maternal plasma is not affected by a priori risk of fetal trisomy. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 26 (2012), 143–145, 10.3109/14767058.2012.722731.
    • (2012) J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. , vol.26 , pp. 143-145
    • Brar, H.1    Wang, E.2    Struble, C.3    Musci, T.J.4    Norton, M.E.5
  • 31
    • 84865724542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multifactorial relationship exists between total circulating cell-free DNA levels and maternal BMI
    • [31] Vora, N.L., Johnson, K.L., Basu, S., Catalano, P.M., Hauguel-De Mouzon, S., Bianchi, D.W., A multifactorial relationship exists between total circulating cell-free DNA levels and maternal BMI. Prenat. Diagn. 32 (2012), 912–914, 10.1002/pd.3919.
    • (2012) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.32 , pp. 912-914
    • Vora, N.L.1    Johnson, K.L.2    Basu, S.3    Catalano, P.M.4    Hauguel-De Mouzon, S.5    Bianchi, D.W.6
  • 32
    • 84880035770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of maternal plasma DNA fetal fraction on next generation sequencing tests for common fetal aneuploidies
    • [32] Canick, J.A., Palomaki, G.E., Kloza, E.M., Lambert-Messerlian, G.M., Haddow, J.E., The impact of maternal plasma DNA fetal fraction on next generation sequencing tests for common fetal aneuploidies. Prenat. Diagn. 33 (2013), 667–674, 10.1002/pd.4126.
    • (2013) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.33 , pp. 667-674
    • Canick, J.A.1    Palomaki, G.E.2    Kloza, E.M.3    Lambert-Messerlian, G.M.4    Haddow, J.E.5
  • 33
    • 78751683468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal assessment of trisomy 21 by multiplexed maternal plasma DNA sequencing: large scale validity study
    • [33] Chiu, R.W.K., Akolekar, R., Zheng, Y.W.L., Leung, T.Y., Sun, H., Chan, K.C.A., et al. Non-invasive prenatal assessment of trisomy 21 by multiplexed maternal plasma DNA sequencing: large scale validity study. BMJ, 342, 2011, c7401.
    • (2011) BMJ , vol.342 , pp. c7401
    • Chiu, R.W.K.1    Akolekar, R.2    Zheng, Y.W.L.3    Leung, T.Y.4    Sun, H.5    Chan, K.C.A.6
  • 34
    • 84896500248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal plasma fetal DNA fractions in pregnancies with low and high risks for fetal chromosomal aneuploidies
    • [34] Hudecova, I., Sahota, D., Heung, M.M.S., Jin, Y., Lee, W.S., Leung, T.Y., et al. Maternal plasma fetal DNA fractions in pregnancies with low and high risks for fetal chromosomal aneuploidies. PLoS One, 9, 2014, e88484, 10.1371/journal.pone.0088484.
    • (2014) PLoS One , vol.9 , pp. e88484
    • Hudecova, I.1    Sahota, D.2    Heung, M.M.S.3    Jin, Y.4    Lee, W.S.5    Leung, T.Y.6
  • 35
    • 80053320998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of free fetal DNA in multiple pregnancies and relationship with chorionicity
    • [35] Attilakos, G., Maddocks, D.G., Davies, T., Hunt, L.P., Avent, N.D., Soothill, P.W., et al. Quantification of free fetal DNA in multiple pregnancies and relationship with chorionicity. Prenat. Diagn. 31 (2011), 967–972, 10.1002/pd.2814.
    • (2011) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.31 , pp. 967-972
    • Attilakos, G.1    Maddocks, D.G.2    Davies, T.3    Hunt, L.P.4    Avent, N.D.5    Soothill, P.W.6
  • 36
    • 0032992867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative abnormalities of fetal DNA in maternal serum in preeclampsia
    • [36] Lo, Y.M., Leung, T.N., Tein, M.S., Sargent, I.L., Zhang, J., Lau, T.K., et al. Quantitative abnormalities of fetal DNA in maternal serum in preeclampsia. Clin. Chem. 45 (1999), 184–188.
    • (1999) Clin. Chem. , vol.45 , pp. 184-188
    • Lo, Y.M.1    Leung, T.N.2    Tein, M.S.3    Sargent, I.L.4    Zhang, J.5    Lau, T.K.6
  • 37
    • 0035091668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevation of both maternal and fetal extracellular circulating deoxyribonucleic acid concentrations in the plasma of pregnant women with preeclampsia
    • [37] Zhong, X.Y., Laivuori, H., Livingston, J.C., Ylikorkala, O., Sibai, B.M., Holzgreve, W., et al. Elevation of both maternal and fetal extracellular circulating deoxyribonucleic acid concentrations in the plasma of pregnant women with preeclampsia. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 184 (2001), 414–419, 10.1067/mob.2001.109594.
    • (2001) Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.184 , pp. 414-419
    • Zhong, X.Y.1    Laivuori, H.2    Livingston, J.C.3    Ylikorkala, O.4    Sibai, B.M.5    Holzgreve, W.6
  • 38
    • 0036206732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome as a complication of preeclampsia in pregnant women increases the amount of cell-free fetal and maternal DNA in maternal plasma and serum
    • [38] Swinkels, D.W., de Kok, J.B., Hendriks, J.C.M., Wiegerinck, E., Zusterzeel, P.L.M., Steegers, E.A.P., Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome as a complication of preeclampsia in pregnant women increases the amount of cell-free fetal and maternal DNA in maternal plasma and serum. Clin. Chem. 48 (2002), 650–653.
    • (2002) Clin. Chem. , vol.48 , pp. 650-653
    • Swinkels, D.W.1    de Kok, J.B.2    Hendriks, J.C.M.3    Wiegerinck, E.4    Zusterzeel, P.L.M.5    Steegers, E.A.P.6
  • 39
    • 0036862917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal cells and cell-free fetal DNA in maternal blood: new insights into pre-eclampsia
    • [39] Hahn, S., Holzgreve, W., Fetal cells and cell-free fetal DNA in maternal blood: new insights into pre-eclampsia. Hum. Reprod. Update 8 (2002), 501–508.
    • (2002) Hum. Reprod. Update , vol.8 , pp. 501-508
    • Hahn, S.1    Holzgreve, W.2
  • 40
    • 0035154948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased maternal plasma fetal DNA concentrations in women who eventually develop preeclampsia
    • [40] Leung, T.N., Zhang, J., Lau, T.K., Chan, L.Y., Lo, Y.M., Increased maternal plasma fetal DNA concentrations in women who eventually develop preeclampsia. Clin. Chem. 47 (2001), 137–139.
    • (2001) Clin. Chem. , vol.47 , pp. 137-139
    • Leung, T.N.1    Zhang, J.2    Lau, T.K.3    Chan, L.Y.4    Lo, Y.M.5
  • 41
    • 0032512311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal plasma fetal DNA as a marker for preterm labour
    • [41] Leung, T.N., Zhang, J., Lau, T.K., Hjelm, N.M., Lo, Y.M., Maternal plasma fetal DNA as a marker for preterm labour. Lancet 352 (1998), 1904–1905, 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)60395-9.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 1904-1905
    • Leung, T.N.1    Zhang, J.2    Lau, T.K.3    Hjelm, N.M.4    Lo, Y.M.5
  • 42
    • 0036156063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased cell-free fetal DNA in plasma of two women with invasive placenta
    • [42] Sekizawa, A., Jimbo, M., Saito, H., Iwasaki, M., Sugito, Y., Yukimoto, Y., et al. Increased cell-free fetal DNA in plasma of two women with invasive placenta. Clin. Chem. 48 (2002), 353–354.
    • (2002) Clin. Chem. , vol.48 , pp. 353-354
    • Sekizawa, A.1    Jimbo, M.2    Saito, H.3    Iwasaki, M.4    Sugito, Y.5    Yukimoto, Y.6
  • 43
    • 0035201589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell-free fetal DNA is increased in plasma of women with hyperemesis gravidarum
    • [43] Sekizawa, A., Sugito, Y., Iwasaki, M., Watanabe, A., Jimbo, M., Hoshi, S., et al. Cell-free fetal DNA is increased in plasma of women with hyperemesis gravidarum. Clin. Chem. 47 (2001), 2164–2165.
    • (2001) Clin. Chem. , vol.47 , pp. 2164-2165
    • Sekizawa, A.1    Sugito, Y.2    Iwasaki, M.3    Watanabe, A.4    Jimbo, M.5    Hoshi, S.6
  • 44
    • 0033639168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal DNA in maternal plasma: biology and diagnostic applications
    • [44] Lo, Y.M., Fetal DNA in maternal plasma: biology and diagnostic applications. Clin. Chem. 46 (2000), 1903–1906.
    • (2000) Clin. Chem. , vol.46 , pp. 1903-1906
    • Lo, Y.M.1
  • 45
    • 84861658383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digital PCR analysis of maternal plasma for noninvasive detection of sickle cell anemia
    • [45] Barrett, A.N., McDonnell, T.C.R., Chan, K.C.A., Chitty, L.S., Digital PCR analysis of maternal plasma for noninvasive detection of sickle cell anemia. Clin. Chem. 58 (2012), 1026–1032, 10.1373/clinchem.2011.178939.
    • (2012) Clin. Chem. , vol.58 , pp. 1026-1032
    • Barrett, A.N.1    McDonnell, T.C.R.2    Chan, K.C.A.3    Chitty, L.S.4
  • 46
    • 1442304191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods to increase the percentage of free fetal DNA recovered from the maternal circulation
    • [46] Dhallan, R., Au, W., Mattagajasingh, S., et al. Methods to increase the percentage of free fetal DNA recovered from the maternal circulation. JAMA 291 (2004), 1114–1119, 10.1001/jama.291.9.1114.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.291 , pp. 1114-1119
    • Dhallan, R.1    Au, W.2    Mattagajasingh, S.3
  • 47
    • 1642574222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size distributions of maternal and fetal DNA in maternal plasma
    • [47] Chan, K.C.A., Zhang, J., Hui, A.B.Y., Wong, N., Lau, T.K., Leung, T.N., et al. Size distributions of maternal and fetal DNA in maternal plasma. Clin. Chem. 50 (2004), 88–92, 10.1373/clinchem.2003.024893.
    • (2004) Clin. Chem. , vol.50 , pp. 88-92
    • Chan, K.C.A.1    Zhang, J.2    Hui, A.B.Y.3    Wong, N.4    Lau, T.K.5    Leung, T.N.6
  • 48
    • 84902193969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Size-based molecular diagnostics using plasma DNA for noninvasive prenatal testing
    • [48] Yu, S.C.Y., Chan, K.C.A., Zheng, Y.W.L., Jiang, P., Liao, G.J.W., Sun, H., et al. Size-based molecular diagnostics using plasma DNA for noninvasive prenatal testing. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 111 (2014), 8583–8588, 10.1073/pnas.1406103111.
    • (2014) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.111 , pp. 8583-8588
    • Yu, S.C.Y.1    Chan, K.C.A.2    Zheng, Y.W.L.3    Jiang, P.4    Liao, G.J.W.5    Sun, H.6
  • 49
    • 13844269123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of paternally inherited fetal point mutations for beta-thalassemia using size-fractionated cell-free DNA in maternal plasma
    • [49] Li, Y., Di Naro, E., Vitucci, A., Zimmermann, B., Holzgreve, W., Hahn, S., Detection of paternally inherited fetal point mutations for beta-thalassemia using size-fractionated cell-free DNA in maternal plasma. JAMA 293 (2005), 843–849, 10.1001/jama.293.7.843.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 843-849
    • Li, Y.1    Di Naro, E.2    Vitucci, A.3    Zimmermann, B.4    Holzgreve, W.5    Hahn, S.6
  • 50
    • 58149401202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of monogenic diseases by digital size selection and relative mutation dosage on DNA in maternal plasma
    • [50] Lun, F.M.F., Tsui, N.B.Y., Chan, K.C.A., Leung, T.Y., Lau, T.K., Charoenkwan, P., et al. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of monogenic diseases by digital size selection and relative mutation dosage on DNA in maternal plasma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105 (2008), 19920–19925, 10.1073/pnas.0810373105.
    • (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.105 , pp. 19920-19925
    • Lun, F.M.F.1    Tsui, N.B.Y.2    Chan, K.C.A.3    Leung, T.Y.4    Lau, T.K.5    Charoenkwan, P.6
  • 51
    • 80052714987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive fetal blood group genotyping of rhesus D, c, E and of K in alloimmunised pregnant women: evaluation of a 7-year clinical experience
    • [51] Scheffer, P.G., van der Schoot, C.E., Page-Christiaens, G.C.M.L., de Haas, M., Noninvasive fetal blood group genotyping of rhesus D, c, E and of K in alloimmunised pregnant women: evaluation of a 7-year clinical experience. BJOG 118 (2011), 1340–1348, 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03028.x.
    • (2011) BJOG , vol.118 , pp. 1340-1348
    • Scheffer, P.G.1    van der Schoot, C.E.2    Page-Christiaens, G.C.M.L.3    de Haas, M.4
  • 52
    • 84908614893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic accuracy of routine antenatal determination of fetal RHD status across gestation: population based cohort study
    • [52] Chitty, L.S., Finning, K., Wade, A., Soothill, P., Martin, B., Oxenford, K., et al. Diagnostic accuracy of routine antenatal determination of fetal RHD status across gestation: population based cohort study. BMJ, 349, 2014, g5243, 10.1136/bmj.g5243.
    • (2014) BMJ , vol.349 , pp. g5243
    • Chitty, L.S.1    Finning, K.2    Wade, A.3    Soothill, P.4    Martin, B.5    Oxenford, K.6
  • 53
    • 29544450593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in diagnostic and therapeutic interventions by non-invasive determination of fetal sex in early pregnancy
    • [53] Hyett, J.A., Gardener, G., Stojilkovic-Mikic, T., Finning, K.M., Martin, P.G., Rodeck, C.H., et al. Reduction in diagnostic and therapeutic interventions by non-invasive determination of fetal sex in early pregnancy. Prenat. Diagn. 25 (2005), 1111–1116, 10.1002/pd.1284.
    • (2005) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.25 , pp. 1111-1116
    • Hyett, J.A.1    Gardener, G.2    Stojilkovic-Mikic, T.3    Finning, K.M.4    Martin, P.G.5    Rodeck, C.H.6
  • 54
    • 84867013916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An update on prenatal diagnosis and treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia
    • [54] New, M.I., Abraham, M., Yuen, T., Lekarev, O., An update on prenatal diagnosis and treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Semin. Reprod. Med. 30 (2012), 396–399, 10.1055/s-0032-1324723.
    • (2012) Semin. Reprod. Med. , vol.30 , pp. 396-399
    • New, M.I.1    Abraham, M.2    Yuen, T.3    Lekarev, O.4
  • 56
    • 80051564369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive fetal sex determination using cell-free fetal DNA: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • [56] Devaney, S.A., Palomaki, G.E., Scott, J.A., Bianchi, D.W., Noninvasive fetal sex determination using cell-free fetal DNA: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 306 (2011), 627–636, 10.1001/jama.2011.1114.
    • (2011) JAMA , vol.306 , pp. 627-636
    • Devaney, S.A.1    Palomaki, G.E.2    Scott, J.A.3    Bianchi, D.W.4
  • 57
    • 0035684463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First-trimester fetal sex determination in maternal serum using real-time PCR
    • [57] Costa, J.M., Benachi, A., Gautier, E., Jouannic, J.M., Ernault, P., Dumez, Y., First-trimester fetal sex determination in maternal serum using real-time PCR. Prenat. Diagn. 21 (2001), 1070–1074.
    • (2001) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.21 , pp. 1070-1074
    • Costa, J.M.1    Benachi, A.2    Gautier, E.3    Jouannic, J.M.4    Ernault, P.5    Dumez, Y.6
  • 58
    • 0034818672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal sex determination from maternal plasma in pregnancies at risk for congenital adrenal hyperplasia
    • [58] Rijnders, R.J., van der Schoot, C.E., Bossers, B., de Vroede, M.A., Christiaens, G.C., Fetal sex determination from maternal plasma in pregnancies at risk for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Obstet. Gynecol. 98 (2001), 374–378.
    • (2001) Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.98 , pp. 374-378
    • Rijnders, R.J.1    van der Schoot, C.E.2    Bossers, B.3    de Vroede, M.A.4    Christiaens, G.C.5
  • 60
    • 0024338702 scopus 로고
    • The sagittal sign. An early second trimester sonographic indicator of fetal gender
    • [60] Emerson, D.S., Felker, R.E., Brown, D.L., The sagittal sign. An early second trimester sonographic indicator of fetal gender. J. Ultrasound Med. 8 (1989), 293–297.
    • (1989) J. Ultrasound Med. , vol.8 , pp. 293-297
    • Emerson, D.S.1    Felker, R.E.2    Brown, D.L.3
  • 61
    • 0033001037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First-trimester determination of fetal gender by ultrasound
    • [61] Efrat, Z., Akinfenwa, O.O., Nicolaides, K.H., First-trimester determination of fetal gender by ultrasound. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 13 (1999), 305–307, 10.1046/j.1469-0705.1999.13050305.x.
    • (1999) Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.13 , pp. 305-307
    • Efrat, Z.1    Akinfenwa, O.O.2    Nicolaides, K.H.3
  • 63
    • 39149099757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive fetal sex determination: impact on clinical practice
    • [63] Finning, K.M., Chitty, L.S., Non-invasive fetal sex determination: impact on clinical practice. Semin. Fetal Neonatal Med. 13 (2008), 69–75, 10.1016/j.siny.2007.12.007.
    • (2008) Semin. Fetal Neonatal Med. , vol.13 , pp. 69-75
    • Finning, K.M.1    Chitty, L.S.2
  • 64
    • 79952230961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incremental cost of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis versus invasive prenatal diagnosis of fetal sex in England
    • [64] Hill, M., Taffinder, S., Chitty, L.S., Morris, S., Incremental cost of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis versus invasive prenatal diagnosis of fetal sex in England. Prenat. Diagn. 31 (2011), 267–273, 10.1002/pd.2680.
    • (2011) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.31 , pp. 267-273
    • Hill, M.1    Taffinder, S.2    Chitty, L.S.3    Morris, S.4
  • 65
    • 84878148957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical implementation of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for single-gene disorders: challenges and progress made
    • [65] Lench, N., Barrett, A., Fielding, S., McKay, F., Hill, M., Jenkins, L., et al. The clinical implementation of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for single-gene disorders: challenges and progress made. Prenat. Diagn. 33 (2013), 555–562, 10.1002/pd.4124.
    • (2013) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.33 , pp. 555-562
    • Lench, N.1    Barrett, A.2    Fielding, S.3    McKay, F.4    Hill, M.5    Jenkins, L.6
  • 66
    • 79951937731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New aids for the non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of achondroplasia: dysmorphic features, charts of fetal size and molecular confirmation using cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma
    • [66] Chitty, L.S., Griffin, D.R., Meaney, C., Barrett, A., Khalil, A., Pajkrt, E., et al. New aids for the non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of achondroplasia: dysmorphic features, charts of fetal size and molecular confirmation using cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 37 (2011), 283–289, 10.1002/uog.8893.
    • (2011) Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.37 , pp. 283-289
    • Chitty, L.S.1    Griffin, D.R.2    Meaney, C.3    Barrett, A.4    Khalil, A.5    Pajkrt, E.6
  • 68
    • 0027122152 scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of myotonic dystrophy: expansion of a trinucleotide (CTG) repeat at the 3′ end of a transcript encoding a protein kinase family member
    • [68] Brook, J.D., McCurrach, M.E., Harley, H.G., Buckler, A.J., Church, D., Aburatani, H., et al. Molecular basis of myotonic dystrophy: expansion of a trinucleotide (CTG) repeat at the 3′ end of a transcript encoding a protein kinase family member. Cell, 69, 1992, 385.
    • (1992) Cell , vol.69 , pp. 385
    • Brook, J.D.1    McCurrach, M.E.2    Harley, H.G.3    Buckler, A.J.4    Church, D.5    Aburatani, H.6
  • 69
    • 0033968645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy using fetal DNA obtained from maternal plasma
    • [69] Amicucci, P., Gennarelli, M., Novelli, G., Dallapiccola, B., Prenatal diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy using fetal DNA obtained from maternal plasma. Clin. Chem. 46 (2000), 301–302.
    • (2000) Clin. Chem. , vol.46 , pp. 301-302
    • Amicucci, P.1    Gennarelli, M.2    Novelli, G.3    Dallapiccola, B.4
  • 74
    • 84943348223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of Huntington disease: detection of the paternally inherited expanded CAG repeat in maternal plasma
    • [74] van den Oever, J.M.E., Bijlsma, E.K., Feenstra, I., Muntjewerff, N., Mathijssen, I.B., Bakker, E., et al. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of Huntington disease: detection of the paternally inherited expanded CAG repeat in maternal plasma. Prenat. Diagn. 35 (2015), 945–949, 10.1002/pd.4593.
    • (2015) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.35 , pp. 945-949
    • van den Oever, J.M.E.1    Bijlsma, E.K.2    Feenstra, I.3    Muntjewerff, N.4    Mathijssen, I.B.5    Bakker, E.6
  • 75
    • 84943348860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for cystic fibrosis: detection of paternal mutations, exploration of patient preferences and cost analysis
    • [75] Hill, M., Twiss, P., Verhoef, T.I., Drury, S., McKay, F., Mason, S., et al. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for cystic fibrosis: detection of paternal mutations, exploration of patient preferences and cost analysis. Prenat. Diagn. 35 (2015), 950–958, 10.1002/pd.4585.
    • (2015) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.35 , pp. 950-958
    • Hill, M.1    Twiss, P.2    Verhoef, T.I.3    Drury, S.4    McKay, F.5    Mason, S.6
  • 76
    • 1842503944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement in sensitivity of allele-specific PCR facilitates reliable noninvasive prenatal detection of cystic fibrosis
    • [76] Nasis, O., Thompson, S., Hong, T., Sherwood, M., Radcliffe, S., Jackson, L., et al. Improvement in sensitivity of allele-specific PCR facilitates reliable noninvasive prenatal detection of cystic fibrosis. Clin. Chem. 50 (2004), 694–701, 10.1373/clinchem.2003.025981.
    • (2004) Clin. Chem. , vol.50 , pp. 694-701
    • Nasis, O.1    Thompson, S.2    Hong, T.3    Sherwood, M.4    Radcliffe, S.5    Jackson, L.6
  • 78
    • 0036231537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal exclusion of congenital adrenal hyperplasia by maternal plasma analysis: a feasibility study
    • [78] Chiu, R.W.K., Lau, T.K., Cheung, P.T., Gong, Z.Q., Leung, T.N., Lo, Y.M.D., Noninvasive prenatal exclusion of congenital adrenal hyperplasia by maternal plasma analysis: a feasibility study. Clin. Chem. 48 (2002), 778–780.
    • (2002) Clin. Chem. , vol.48 , pp. 778-780
    • Chiu, R.W.K.1    Lau, T.K.2    Cheung, P.T.3    Gong, Z.Q.4    Leung, T.N.5    Lo, Y.M.D.6
  • 79
    • 0037190608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal exclusion of beta thalassaemia major by examination of maternal plasma
    • [79] Chiu, R.W.K., Lau, T.K., Leung, T.N., Chow, K.C.K., Chui, D.H.K., Lo, Y.M.D., Prenatal exclusion of beta thalassaemia major by examination of maternal plasma. Lancet 360 (2002), 998–1000.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 998-1000
    • Chiu, R.W.K.1    Lau, T.K.2    Leung, T.N.3    Chow, K.C.K.4    Chui, D.H.K.5    Lo, Y.M.D.6
  • 80
    • 79953703694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia by microfluidics digital PCR analysis of maternal plasma DNA
    • [80] Tsui, N.B.Y., Kadir, R.A., Chan, K.C.A., Chi, C., Mellars, G., Tuddenham, E.G., et al. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of hemophilia by microfluidics digital PCR analysis of maternal plasma DNA. Blood 117 (2011), 3684–3691, 10.1182/blood-2010-10-310789.
    • (2011) Blood , vol.117 , pp. 3684-3691
    • Tsui, N.B.Y.1    Kadir, R.A.2    Chan, K.C.A.3    Chi, C.4    Mellars, G.5    Tuddenham, E.G.6
  • 81
    • 84903784329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis in a fetus at risk for methylmalonic acidemia
    • [81] Gu, W., Koh, W., Blumenfeld, Y.J., El-Sayed, Y.Y., Hudgins, L., Hintz, S.R., et al. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis in a fetus at risk for methylmalonic acidemia. Genet. Med. 16 (2014), 564–567, 10.1038/gim.2013.194.
    • (2014) Genet. Med. , vol.16 , pp. 564-567
    • Gu, W.1    Koh, W.2    Blumenfeld, Y.J.3    El-Sayed, Y.Y.4    Hudgins, L.5    Hintz, S.R.6
  • 82
    • 84920527864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal testing for Wilson disease by use of circulating single-molecule amplification and resequencing technology (cSMART)
    • [82] Lv, W., Wei, X., Guo, R., Liu, Q., Zheng, Y., Chang, J., et al. Non-invasive prenatal testing for Wilson disease by use of circulating single-molecule amplification and resequencing technology (cSMART). Clin. Chem. 61 (2015), 172–181, 10.1373/clinchem.2014.229328.
    • (2015) Clin. Chem. , vol.61 , pp. 172-181
    • Lv, W.1    Wei, X.2    Guo, R.3    Liu, Q.4    Zheng, Y.5    Chang, J.6
  • 83
    • 84902304410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia using cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma
    • [83] New, M.I., Tong, Y.K., Yuen, T., Jiang, P., Pina, C., Chan, K.C.A., et al. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia using cell-free fetal DNA in maternal plasma. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 99 (2014), E1022–E1030, 10.1210/jc.2014-1118.
    • (2014) J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.99 , pp. E1022-E1030
    • New, M.I.1    Tong, Y.K.2    Yuen, T.3    Jiang, P.4    Pina, C.5    Chan, K.C.A.6
  • 84
    • 84999551286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for congenital adrenal hyperplasia in a clinically accredited laboratory
    • [84] Drury, S., Lo, K.K., Boustred, C., Gibson, N., McKay, F., Mason, S., et al. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for congenital adrenal hyperplasia in a clinically accredited laboratory. Prenat. Diagn., 2015, 27–109.
    • (2015) Prenat. Diagn. , pp. 27-109
    • Drury, S.1    Lo, K.K.2    Boustred, C.3    Gibson, N.4    McKay, F.5    Mason, S.6
  • 85
    • 84900472048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haplotype-based approach for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia by maternal plasma DNA sequencing
    • [85] Ma, D., Ge, H., Li, X., Jiang, T., Chen, F., Zhang, Y., et al. Haplotype-based approach for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia by maternal plasma DNA sequencing. Gene 544 (2014), 252–258, 10.1016/j.gene.2014.04.055.
    • (2014) Gene , vol.544 , pp. 252-258
    • Ma, D.1    Ge, H.2    Li, X.3    Jiang, T.4    Chen, F.5    Zhang, Y.6
  • 86
    • 84866977090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of monogenic diseases by targeted massively parallel sequencing of maternal plasma: application to β-thalassemia
    • [86] Lam, K.-W.G., Jiang, P., Liao, G.J.W., Chan, K.C.A., Leung, T.Y., Chiu, R.W.K., et al. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of monogenic diseases by targeted massively parallel sequencing of maternal plasma: application to β-thalassemia. Clin. Chem. 58 (2012), 1467–1475, 10.1373/clinchem.2012.189589.
    • (2012) Clin. Chem. , vol.58 , pp. 1467-1475
    • Lam, K.-W.G.1    Jiang, P.2    Liao, G.J.W.3    Chan, K.C.A.4    Leung, T.Y.5    Chiu, R.W.K.6
  • 87
    • 84930514580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of duchenne muscular dystrophy: comprehensive genetic diagnosis in carrier, proband, and fetus
    • [87] Yoo, S.-K., Lim, B.C., Byeun, J., Hwang, H., Kim, K.J., Hwang, Y.S., et al. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of duchenne muscular dystrophy: comprehensive genetic diagnosis in carrier, proband, and fetus. Clin. Chem. 61 (2015), 829–837, 10.1373/clinchem.2014.236380.
    • (2015) Clin. Chem. , vol.61 , pp. 829-837
    • Yoo, S.-K.1    Lim, B.C.2    Byeun, J.3    Hwang, H.4    Kim, K.J.5    Hwang, Y.S.6
  • 88
    • 84905571610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of targeted sequencing and NIPT into clinical practice in a Chinese family with maple syrup urine disease
    • [88] You, Y., Sun, Y., Li, X., Li, Y., Wei, X., Chen, F., et al. Integration of targeted sequencing and NIPT into clinical practice in a Chinese family with maple syrup urine disease. Genet. Med. 16 (2014), 594–600, 10.1038/gim.2013.197.
    • (2014) Genet. Med. , vol.16 , pp. 594-600
    • You, Y.1    Sun, Y.2    Li, X.3    Li, Y.4    Wei, X.5    Chen, F.6
  • 89
    • 84919886530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal testing for autosomal recessive conditions by maternal plasma sequencing in a case of congenital deafness
    • [89] Meng, M., Li, X., Ge, H., Chen, F., Han, M., Zhang, Y., et al. Noninvasive prenatal testing for autosomal recessive conditions by maternal plasma sequencing in a case of congenital deafness. Genet. Med. 16 (2014), 972–976, 10.1038/gim.2014.51.
    • (2014) Genet. Med. , vol.16 , pp. 972-976
    • Meng, M.1    Li, X.2    Ge, H.3    Chen, F.4    Han, M.5    Zhang, Y.6
  • 90
    • 78650965964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted massively parallel sequencing of maternal plasma DNA permits efficient and unbiased detection of fetal alleles
    • [90] Liao, G.J.W., Lun, F.M.F., Zheng, Y.W.L., Chan, K.C.A., Leung, T.Y., Lau, T.K., et al. Targeted massively parallel sequencing of maternal plasma DNA permits efficient and unbiased detection of fetal alleles. Clin. Chem. 57 (2011), 92–101, 10.1373/clinchem.2010.154336.
    • (2011) Clin. Chem. , vol.57 , pp. 92-101
    • Liao, G.J.W.1    Lun, F.M.F.2    Zheng, Y.W.L.3    Chan, K.C.A.4    Leung, T.Y.5    Lau, T.K.6
  • 92
    • 84880038440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal testing of fetal aneuploidies by massively parallel sequencing in a prospective Chinese population
    • [92] Song, Y., Liu, C., Qi, H., Zhang, Y., Bian, X., Liu, J., Noninvasive prenatal testing of fetal aneuploidies by massively parallel sequencing in a prospective Chinese population. Prenat. Diagn. 33 (2013), 700–706, 10.1002/pd.4160.
    • (2013) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.33 , pp. 700-706
    • Song, Y.1    Liu, C.2    Qi, H.3    Zhang, Y.4    Bian, X.5    Liu, J.6
  • 93
    • 84928601078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal testing for trisomy 21, 18 and 13: clinical experience from 146,958 pregnancies
    • [93] Zhang, H., Gao, Y., Jiang, F., Fu, M., Yuan, Y., Guo, Y., et al. Noninvasive prenatal testing for trisomy 21, 18 and 13: clinical experience from 146,958 pregnancies. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 45 (2015), 530–538, 10.1002/uog.14792.
    • (2015) Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.45 , pp. 530-538
    • Zhang, H.1    Gao, Y.2    Jiang, F.3    Fu, M.4    Yuan, Y.5    Guo, Y.6
  • 94
    • 84943230080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global perspectives on clinical adoption of NIPT
    • [94] Minear, M.A., Lewis, C., Pradhan, S., Chandrasekharan, S., Global perspectives on clinical adoption of NIPT. Prenat. Diagn. 35 (2015), 959–967, 10.1002/pd.4637.
    • (2015) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.35 , pp. 959-967
    • Minear, M.A.1    Lewis, C.2    Pradhan, S.3    Chandrasekharan, S.4
  • 95
    • 84924084092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of cell-free DNA in maternal blood in screening for fetal aneuploidies: updated meta-analysis
    • [95] Gil, M.M., Quezada, M.S., Revello, R., Akolekar, R., Nicolaides, K.H., Analysis of cell-free DNA in maternal blood in screening for fetal aneuploidies: updated meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 45 (2015), 249–266, 10.1002/uog.14791.
    • (2015) Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.45 , pp. 249-266
    • Gil, M.M.1    Quezada, M.S.2    Revello, R.3    Akolekar, R.4    Nicolaides, K.H.5
  • 97
    • 84905741322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RAPIDR: an analysis package for non-invasive prenatal testing of aneuploidy
    • [97] Lo, K.K., Boustred, C., Chitty, L.S., Plagnol, V., RAPIDR: an analysis package for non-invasive prenatal testing of aneuploidy. Bioinformatics 30 (2014), 2965–2967, 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu419.
    • (2014) Bioinformatics , vol.30 , pp. 2965-2967
    • Lo, K.K.1    Boustred, C.2    Chitty, L.S.3    Plagnol, V.4
  • 98
    • 84901253329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introducing WISECONDOR for noninvasive prenatal diagnostics
    • [98] Straver, R., Sistermans, E.A., Reinders, M.J.T., Introducing WISECONDOR for noninvasive prenatal diagnostics. Expert Rev. Mol. Diagn. 14 (2014), 513–515, 10.1586/14737159.2014.919855.
    • (2014) Expert Rev. Mol. Diagn. , vol.14 , pp. 513-515
    • Straver, R.1    Sistermans, E.A.2    Reinders, M.J.T.3
  • 99
    • 84899014645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WISECONDOR: detection of fetal aberrations from shallow sequencing maternal plasma based on a within-sample comparison scheme
    • [99] Straver, R., Sistermans, E.A., Holstege, H., Visser, A., Oudejans, C.B.M., Reinders, M.J.T., WISECONDOR: detection of fetal aberrations from shallow sequencing maternal plasma based on a within-sample comparison scheme. Nucleic Acids Res., 42, 2014, e31, 10.1093/nar/gkt992.
    • (2014) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.42 , pp. e31
    • Straver, R.1    Sistermans, E.A.2    Holstege, H.3    Visser, A.4    Oudejans, C.B.M.5    Reinders, M.J.T.6
  • 100
    • 84878164950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benefits and limitations of whole genome versus targeted approaches for noninvasive prenatal testing for fetal aneuploidies
    • [100] Boon, E.M.J., Faas, B.H.W., Benefits and limitations of whole genome versus targeted approaches for noninvasive prenatal testing for fetal aneuploidies. Prenat. Diagn. 33 (2013), 563–568, 10.1002/pd.4111.
    • (2013) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.33 , pp. 563-568
    • Boon, E.M.J.1    Faas, B.H.W.2
  • 101
    • 84878164024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of targeted sequencing of single-nucleotide polymorphisms for non-invasive prenatal detection of aneuploidy of chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y
    • [101] Nicolaides, K.H., Syngelaki, A., Gil, M., Atanasova, V., Markova, D., Validation of targeted sequencing of single-nucleotide polymorphisms for non-invasive prenatal detection of aneuploidy of chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y. Prenat. Diagn. 33 (2013), 575–579, 10.1002/pd.4103.
    • (2013) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.33 , pp. 575-579
    • Nicolaides, K.H.1    Syngelaki, A.2    Gil, M.3    Atanasova, V.4    Markova, D.5
  • 102
    • 84870695892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal aneuploidy testing of chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y, using targeted sequencing of polymorphic loci
    • [102] Zimmermann, B., Hill, M., Gemelos, G., Demko, Z., Banjevic, M., Baner, J., et al. Noninvasive prenatal aneuploidy testing of chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y, using targeted sequencing of polymorphic loci. Prenat. Diagn. 32 (2012), 1233–1241, 10.1002/pd.3993.
    • (2012) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.32 , pp. 1233-1241
    • Zimmermann, B.1    Hill, M.2    Gemelos, G.3    Demko, Z.4    Banjevic, M.5    Baner, J.6
  • 103
    • 84919475041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microarray-based cell-free DNA analysis improves noninvasive prenatal testing
    • [103] Juneau, K., Bogard, P.E., Huang, S., Mohseni, M., Wang, E.T., Ryvkin, P., et al. Microarray-based cell-free DNA analysis improves noninvasive prenatal testing. Fetal Diagn. Ther. 36 (2014), 282–286, 10.1159/000367626.
    • (2014) Fetal Diagn. Ther. , vol.36 , pp. 282-286
    • Juneau, K.1    Bogard, P.E.2    Huang, S.3    Mohseni, M.4    Wang, E.T.5    Ryvkin, P.6
  • 105
    • 84880041572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive twin zygosity assessment and aneuploidy detection by maternal plasma DNA sequencing
    • [105] Leung, T.Y., Qu, J.Z.Z., Liao, G.J.W., Jiang, P., Cheng, Y.K.Y., Chan, K.C.A., et al. Noninvasive twin zygosity assessment and aneuploidy detection by maternal plasma DNA sequencing. Prenat. Diagn. 33 (2013), 675–681, 10.1002/pd.4132.
    • (2013) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.33 , pp. 675-681
    • Leung, T.Y.1    Qu, J.Z.Z.2    Liao, G.J.W.3    Jiang, P.4    Cheng, Y.K.Y.5    Chan, K.C.A.6
  • 106
    • 84886793092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is it time to sound an alarm about false-positive cell-free DNA testing for fetal aneuploidy?
    • [106] Mennuti, M.T., Cherry, A.M., Morrissette, J.J.D., Dugoff, L., Is it time to sound an alarm about false-positive cell-free DNA testing for fetal aneuploidy?. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 209 (2013), 415–419, 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.03.027.
    • (2013) Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.209 , pp. 415-419
    • Mennuti, M.T.1    Cherry, A.M.2    Morrissette, J.J.D.3    Dugoff, L.4
  • 107
    • 84878120833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial clinical laboratory experience in noninvasive prenatal testing for fetal aneuploidy from maternal plasma DNA samples
    • [107] Futch, T., Spinosa, J., Bhatt, S., de Feo, E., Rava, R.P., Sehnert, A.J., Initial clinical laboratory experience in noninvasive prenatal testing for fetal aneuploidy from maternal plasma DNA samples. Prenat. Diagn. 33 (2013), 569–574, 10.1002/pd.4123.
    • (2013) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.33 , pp. 569-574
    • Futch, T.1    Spinosa, J.2    Bhatt, S.3    de Feo, E.4    Rava, R.P.5    Sehnert, A.J.6
  • 108
    • 84878129532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary findings from non-invasive prenatal testing for common fetal aneuploidies by whole genome sequencing as a clinical service
    • [108] Lau, T.K., Jiang, F.M., Stevenson, R.J., Lo, T.K., Chan, L.W., Chan, M.K., et al. Secondary findings from non-invasive prenatal testing for common fetal aneuploidies by whole genome sequencing as a clinical service. Prenat. Diagn. 33 (2013), 602–608, 10.1002/pd.4076.
    • (2013) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.33 , pp. 602-608
    • Lau, T.K.1    Jiang, F.M.2    Stevenson, R.J.3    Lo, T.K.4    Chan, L.W.5    Chan, M.K.6
  • 109
    • 84922179093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Six consecutive false positive cases from cell-free fetal DNA testing in a single referring centre
    • [109] Dugo, N., Padula, F., Mobili, L., Brizzi, C., D'Emidio, L., Cignini, P., et al. Six consecutive false positive cases from cell-free fetal DNA testing in a single referring centre. J. Prenat. Med. 8 (2014), 31–35.
    • (2014) J. Prenat. Med. , vol.8 , pp. 31-35
    • Dugo, N.1    Padula, F.2    Mobili, L.3    Brizzi, C.4    D'Emidio, L.5    Cignini, P.6
  • 110
    • 84904035928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pregnancy with discordant fetal and placental chromosome 18 aneuploidies revealed by invasive and noninvasive prenatal diagnosis
    • [110] Chen, C., Cram, D.S., Xie, F., Wang, P., Xu, X., Li, H., et al. A pregnancy with discordant fetal and placental chromosome 18 aneuploidies revealed by invasive and noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. Reprod. Biomed. Online 29 (2014), 136–139, 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.03.017.
    • (2014) Reprod. Biomed. Online , vol.29 , pp. 136-139
    • Chen, C.1    Cram, D.S.2    Xie, F.3    Wang, P.4    Xu, X.5    Li, H.6
  • 111
    • 0030055570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confined placental mosaicism
    • [111] Kalousek, D.K., Vekemans, M., Confined placental mosaicism. J. Med. Genet. 33 (1996), 529–533.
    • (1996) J. Med. Genet. , vol.33 , pp. 529-533
    • Kalousek, D.K.1    Vekemans, M.2
  • 112
    • 84879487413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy: current status and future prospects
    • [112] Benn, P., Cuckle, H., Pergament, E., Non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy: current status and future prospects. Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. 42 (2013), 15–33, 10.1002/uog.12513.
    • (2013) Ultrasound Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.42 , pp. 15-33
    • Benn, P.1    Cuckle, H.2    Pergament, E.3
  • 113
    • 84905571246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetoplacental mosaicism: potential implications for false-positive and false-negative noninvasive prenatal screening results
    • [113] Grati, F.R., Malvestiti, F., Ferreira, J.C.P.B., Bajaj, K., Gaetani, E., Agrati, C., et al. Fetoplacental mosaicism: potential implications for false-positive and false-negative noninvasive prenatal screening results. Genet. Med. 16 (2014), 620–624, 10.1038/gim.2014.3.
    • (2014) Genet. Med. , vol.16 , pp. 620-624
    • Grati, F.R.1    Malvestiti, F.2    Ferreira, J.C.P.B.3    Bajaj, K.4    Gaetani, E.5    Agrati, C.6
  • 114
    • 84878159751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discordant noninvasive prenatal testing results in a patient subsequently diagnosed with metastatic disease
    • [114] Osborne, C.M., Hardisty, E., Devers, P., Kaiser-Rogers, K., Hayden, M.A., Goodnight, W., et al. Discordant noninvasive prenatal testing results in a patient subsequently diagnosed with metastatic disease. Prenat. Diagn. 33 (2013), 609–611, 10.1002/pd.4100.
    • (2013) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.33 , pp. 609-611
    • Osborne, C.M.1    Hardisty, E.2    Devers, P.3    Kaiser-Rogers, K.4    Hayden, M.A.5    Goodnight, W.6
  • 116
    • 84937459187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal testing and incidental detection of occult maternal malignancies
    • [116] Bianchi, D.W., Chudova, D., Sehnert, A.J., et al. Noninvasive prenatal testing and incidental detection of occult maternal malignancies. JAMA 314 (2015), 162–169, 10.1001/jama.2015.7120.
    • (2015) JAMA , vol.314 , pp. 162-169
    • Bianchi, D.W.1    Chudova, D.2    Sehnert, A.J.3
  • 117
  • 118
    • 84999528138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NIPT Tests Find Cancer in Some Pregnant Women
    • GenomeWeb accessed 22.09.15
    • [118] Hughes, V., NIPT Tests Find Cancer in Some Pregnant Women. 2015, GenomeWeb https://www.genomeweb.com/scan/nipt-tests-find-cancer-some-pregnant-women accessed 22.09.15.
    • (2015)
    • Hughes, V.1
  • 119
    • 84930675834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pregnancy: prepare for unexpected prenatal test results
    • [119] Bianchi, D.W., Pregnancy: prepare for unexpected prenatal test results. Nature 522 (2015), 29–30, 10.1038/522029a.
    • (2015) Nature , vol.522 , pp. 29-30
    • Bianchi, D.W.1
  • 120
    • 84891822473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal mosaicism is a significant contributor to discordant sex chromosomal aneuploidies associated with noninvasive prenatal testing
    • [120] Wang, Y., Chen, Y., Tian, F., Zhang, J., Song, Z., Wu, Y., et al. Maternal mosaicism is a significant contributor to discordant sex chromosomal aneuploidies associated with noninvasive prenatal testing. Clin. Chem. 60 (2014), 251–259, 10.1373/clinchem.2013.215145.
    • (2014) Clin. Chem. , vol.60 , pp. 251-259
    • Wang, Y.1    Chen, Y.2    Tian, F.3    Zhang, J.4    Song, Z.5    Wu, Y.6
  • 121
    • 84943366710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal mosaicism for a large segmental duplication of 18q as a secondary finding following non-invasive prenatal testing and implications for test accuracy
    • [121] Flowers, N., Kelley, J., Sigurjonsson, S., Bruno, D.L., Pertile, M.D., Maternal mosaicism for a large segmental duplication of 18q as a secondary finding following non-invasive prenatal testing and implications for test accuracy. Prenat. Diagn. 35 (2015), 986–989, 10.1002/pd.4636.
    • (2015) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.35 , pp. 986-989
    • Flowers, N.1    Kelley, J.2    Sigurjonsson, S.3    Bruno, D.L.4    Pertile, M.D.5
  • 122
    • 84891814405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of noninvasive DNA testing for aneuploidy into prenatal care: what has happened since the rubber met the road?
    • [122] Bianchi, D.W., Wilkins-Haug, L., Integration of noninvasive DNA testing for aneuploidy into prenatal care: what has happened since the rubber met the road?. Clin. Chem. 60 (2014), 78–87, 10.1373/clinchem.2013.202663.
    • (2014) Clin. Chem. , vol.60 , pp. 78-87
    • Bianchi, D.W.1    Wilkins-Haug, L.2
  • 123
    • 84927950867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The first 3,000 non-invasive prenatal tests (NIPT) with the harmony test in Belgium and the Netherlands
    • [123] Willems, P.J., Dierickx, H., Vandenakker, E., Bekedam, D., Segers, N., Deboulle, K., et al. The first 3,000 non-invasive prenatal tests (NIPT) with the harmony test in Belgium and the Netherlands. Facts Views Vis. Obgyn. 6 (2014), 7–12.
    • (2014) Facts Views Vis. Obgyn. , vol.6 , pp. 7-12
    • Willems, P.J.1    Dierickx, H.2    Vandenakker, E.3    Bekedam, D.4    Segers, N.5    Deboulle, K.6
  • 125
    • 84905093469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-nucleotide polymorphism-based noninvasive prenatal screening in a high-risk and low-risk cohort
    • [125] Pergament, E., Cuckle, H., Zimmermann, B., Banjevic, M., Sigurjonsson, S., Ryan, A., et al. Single-nucleotide polymorphism-based noninvasive prenatal screening in a high-risk and low-risk cohort. Obstet. Gynecol. 124 (2014), 210–218, 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000363.
    • (2014) Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.124 , pp. 210-218
    • Pergament, E.1    Cuckle, H.2    Zimmermann, B.3    Banjevic, M.4    Sigurjonsson, S.5    Ryan, A.6
  • 126
    • 84939629649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Committee opinion No. 640: cell-free DNA screening for fetal aneuploidy
    • [126] American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Committee opinion No. 640: cell-free DNA screening for fetal aneuploidy. Obstet. Gynecol. 126 (2015), e31–e37, 10.1097/01.AOG.0000471172.63927.b6.
    • (2015) Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.126 , pp. e31-e37
    • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists1
  • 127
    • 84870549609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosomal microarray versus karyotyping for prenatal diagnosis
    • [127] Wapner, R.J., Martin, C.L., Levy, B., Ballif, B.C., Eng, C.M., Zachary, J.M., et al. Chromosomal microarray versus karyotyping for prenatal diagnosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 367 (2012), 2175–2184, 10.1056/NEJMoa1203382.
    • (2012) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.367 , pp. 2175-2184
    • Wapner, R.J.1    Martin, C.L.2    Levy, B.3    Ballif, B.C.4    Eng, C.M.5    Zachary, J.M.6
  • 128
    • 80955166920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of a fetal microdeletion syndrome
    • [128] Peters, D., Chu, T., Yatsenko, S.A., Hendrix, N., Hogge, W.A., Surti, U., et al. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of a fetal microdeletion syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 365 (2011), 1847–1848, 10.1056/NEJMc1106975.
    • (2011) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.365 , pp. 1847-1848
    • Peters, D.1    Chu, T.2    Yatsenko, S.A.3    Hendrix, N.4    Hogge, W.A.5    Surti, U.6
  • 129
    • 84898825126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High resolution non-invasive detection of a fetal microdeletion using the GCREM algorithm
    • [129] Chu, T., Yeniterzi, S., Rajkovic, A., Hogge, W.A., Dunkel, M., Shaw, P., et al. High resolution non-invasive detection of a fetal microdeletion using the GCREM algorithm. Prenat. Diagn. 34 (2014), 469–477, 10.1002/pd.4331.
    • (2014) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.34 , pp. 469-477
    • Chu, T.1    Yeniterzi, S.2    Rajkovic, A.3    Hogge, W.A.4    Dunkel, M.5    Shaw, P.6
  • 130
    • 84900427521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal testing for microdeletion syndromes and expanded trisomies: proceed with caution
    • [130] Vora, N.L., O'Brien, B.M., Noninvasive prenatal testing for microdeletion syndromes and expanded trisomies: proceed with caution. Obstet. Gynecol. 123 (2014), 1097–1099, 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000237.
    • (2014) Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.123 , pp. 1097-1099
    • Vora, N.L.1    O'Brien, B.M.2
  • 131
    • 84905028724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In reply
    • [131] Vora, N.L., O'Brien, B.M., In reply. Obstet. Gynecol. 124 (2014), 379–380, 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000401.
    • (2014) Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.124 , pp. 379-380
    • Vora, N.L.1    O'Brien, B.M.2
  • 132
    • 84904974006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal testing for microdeletion syndromes and expanded trisomies: proceed with caution
    • [132] Bombard, A.T., Farkas, D.H., Monroe, T.J., Saldivar, J.-S., Noninvasive prenatal testing for microdeletion syndromes and expanded trisomies: proceed with caution. Obstet. Gynecol., 124, 2014, 379, 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000400.
    • (2014) Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.124 , pp. 379
    • Bombard, A.T.1    Farkas, D.H.2    Monroe, T.J.3    Saldivar, J.-S.4
  • 133
    • 84943267089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical outcome of subchromosomal events detected by whole-genome noninvasive prenatal testing
    • [133] Helgeson, J., Wardrop, J., Boomer, T., Almasri, E., Paxton, W.B., Saldivar, J.S., et al. Clinical outcome of subchromosomal events detected by whole-genome noninvasive prenatal testing. Prenat. Diagn. 35 (2015), 999–1004, 10.1002/pd.4640.
    • (2015) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.35 , pp. 999-1004
    • Helgeson, J.1    Wardrop, J.2    Boomer, T.3    Almasri, E.4    Paxton, W.B.5    Saldivar, J.S.6
  • 134
    • 84924766673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expanding the scope of noninvasive prenatal testing: detection of fetal microdeletion syndromes
    • [134] Wapner, R.J., Babiarz, J.E., Levy, B., Stosic, M., Zimmermann, B., Sigurjonsson, S., et al. Expanding the scope of noninvasive prenatal testing: detection of fetal microdeletion syndromes. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 212 (2015), 332.e1–332.e9, 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.11.041.
    • (2015) Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.212 , pp. 332.e1-332.e9
    • Wapner, R.J.1    Babiarz, J.E.2    Levy, B.3    Stosic, M.4    Zimmermann, B.5    Sigurjonsson, S.6
  • 135
    • 84999542296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of sub-chromosomal abnormalities by sequencing cell-free DNA in maternal plasma, Am. J. Hum. Genet. submitted (n.d.).
    • [135] K. Lo, E. Karampetsou, C. Boustred, F. McKay, S. Mason, M. Hill, et al., Detection of sub-chromosomal abnormalities by sequencing cell-free DNA in maternal plasma, Am. J. Hum. Genet. submitted (n.d.).
    • Lo, K.1    Karampetsou, E.2    Boustred, C.3    McKay, F.4    Mason, S.5    Hill, M.6
  • 136
    • 84937712692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal cell-free DNA-based screening for fetal microdeletion and the importance of careful diagnostic follow-up
    • [136] Yatsenko, S.A., Peters, D.G., Saller, D.N., Chu, T., Clemens, M., Rajkovic, A., Maternal cell-free DNA-based screening for fetal microdeletion and the importance of careful diagnostic follow-up. Genet. Med. 17 (2015), 836–838, 10.1038/gim.2014.197.
    • (2015) Genet. Med. , vol.17 , pp. 836-838
    • Yatsenko, S.A.1    Peters, D.G.2    Saller, D.N.3    Chu, T.4    Clemens, M.5    Rajkovic, A.6
  • 137
    • 84999446428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical experience with an SNP-based noninvasive prenatal test for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
    • [137] Gross, S., Stosic, M., Norvez, A., Dhamankar, R., Jinnett, K., Demko, Z., et al. Clinical experience with an SNP-based noninvasive prenatal test for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Prenat. Diagn. 35:Suppl. 1 (2015), 1–26.
    • (2015) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.35 , pp. 1-26
    • Gross, S.1    Stosic, M.2    Norvez, A.3    Dhamankar, R.4    Jinnett, K.5    Demko, Z.6
  • 138
    • 84878132186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting the clinical use of non-invasive prenatal testing: a mixed methods systematic review
    • [138] Skirton, H., Patch, C., Factors affecting the clinical use of non-invasive prenatal testing: a mixed methods systematic review. Prenat. Diagn. 33 (2013), 532–541.
    • (2013) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.33 , pp. 532-541
    • Skirton, H.1    Patch, C.2
  • 139
    • 79960197002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should non-invasiveness change informed consent procedures for prenatal diagnosis?
    • [139] Deans, Z., Newson, A.J., Should non-invasiveness change informed consent procedures for prenatal diagnosis?. Health Care Anal. 19 (2011), 122–132, 10.1007/s10728-010-0146-8.
    • (2011) Health Care Anal. , vol.19 , pp. 122-132
    • Deans, Z.1    Newson, A.J.2
  • 140
    • 84870370185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethical considerations for choosing between possible models for using NIPD for aneuploidy detection
    • [140] Deans, Z., Newson, A.J., Ethical considerations for choosing between possible models for using NIPD for aneuploidy detection. J. Med. Ethics 38 (2012), 614–618, 10.1136/medethics-2011-100180.
    • (2012) J. Med. Ethics , vol.38 , pp. 614-618
    • Deans, Z.1    Newson, A.J.2
  • 142
    • 78751655936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Get ready for the flood of fetal gene screening
    • [142] Greely, H.T., Get ready for the flood of fetal gene screening. Nature 469 (2011), 289–291, 10.1038/469289a.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.469 , pp. 289-291
    • Greely, H.T.1
  • 143
    • 33746637072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The obstetrician's view: ethical and societal implications of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis
    • [143] Smith, R.P., Lombaard, H., Soothill, P.W., The obstetrician's view: ethical and societal implications of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. Prenat. Diagn. 26 (2006), 631–634, 10.1002/pd.1476.
    • (2006) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.26 , pp. 631-634
    • Smith, R.P.1    Lombaard, H.2    Soothill, P.W.3
  • 144
    • 84885600738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal testing for Down's syndrome: pregnant women's views and likely uptake
    • [144] Lewis, C., Silcock, C., Chitty, L.S., Non-invasive prenatal testing for Down's syndrome: pregnant women's views and likely uptake. Public Health Genomics 16 (2013), 223–232, 10.1159/000353523.
    • (2013) Public Health Genomics , vol.16 , pp. 223-232
    • Lewis, C.1    Silcock, C.2    Chitty, L.S.3
  • 145
    • 84911987311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Client views and attitudes to non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for sickle cell disease, thalassaemia and cystic fibrosis
    • [145] Hill, M., Compton, C., Karunaratna, M., Lewis, C., Chitty, L., Client views and attitudes to non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for sickle cell disease, thalassaemia and cystic fibrosis. J. Genet. Couns. 23 (2014), 1012–1021, 10.1007/s10897-014-9725-4.
    • (2014) J. Genet. Couns. , vol.23 , pp. 1012-1021
    • Hill, M.1    Compton, C.2    Karunaratna, M.3    Lewis, C.4    Chitty, L.5
  • 146
    • 84899414397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal testing for trisomy 21: a cross-sectional survey of service users’ views and likely uptake
    • [146] Lewis, C., Hill, M., Silcock, C., Daley, R., Chitty, L., Non-invasive prenatal testing for trisomy 21: a cross-sectional survey of service users’ views and likely uptake. BJOG 121 (2014), 582–594, 10.1111/1471-0528.12579.
    • (2014) BJOG , vol.121 , pp. 582-594
    • Lewis, C.1    Hill, M.2    Silcock, C.3    Daley, R.4    Chitty, L.5
  • 147
    • 84901779176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitudes towards non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy among US adults of reproductive age
    • [147] Allyse, M., Sayres, L.C., Goodspeed, T.A., Cho, M.K., Attitudes towards non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy among US adults of reproductive age. J. Perinatol. 34 (2014), 429–434, 10.1038/jp.2014.30.
    • (2014) J. Perinatol. , vol.34 , pp. 429-434
    • Allyse, M.1    Sayres, L.C.2    Goodspeed, T.A.3    Cho, M.K.4
  • 149
    • 84896717065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for single gene disorders: experience of patients
    • [149] Lewis, C., Hill, M., Chitty, L.S., Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for single gene disorders: experience of patients. Clin. Genet. 85 (2014), 336–342, 10.1111/cge.12179.
    • (2014) Clin. Genet. , vol.85 , pp. 336-342
    • Lewis, C.1    Hill, M.2    Chitty, L.S.3
  • 150
    • 84864310059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal sex determination using cell-free fetal DNA: service users’ experiences of and preferences for service delivery
    • [150] Lewis, C., Hill, M., Skirton, H., Chitty, L.S., Fetal sex determination using cell-free fetal DNA: service users’ experiences of and preferences for service delivery. Prenat. Diagn. 32 (2012), 735–741, 10.1002/pd.3893.
    • (2012) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.32 , pp. 735-741
    • Lewis, C.1    Hill, M.2    Skirton, H.3    Chitty, L.S.4
  • 151
    • 84933670890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A first look at women's perspectives on noninvasive prenatal testing to detect sex chromosome aneuploidies and microdeletion syndromes
    • [151] Agatisa, P.K., Mercer, M.B., Leek, A.C., Smith, M.B., Philipson, E., Farrell, R.M., A first look at women's perspectives on noninvasive prenatal testing to detect sex chromosome aneuploidies and microdeletion syndromes. Prenat. Diagn. 35 (2015), 692–698, 10.1002/pd.4594.
    • (2015) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.35 , pp. 692-698
    • Agatisa, P.K.1    Mercer, M.B.2    Leek, A.C.3    Smith, M.B.4    Philipson, E.5    Farrell, R.M.6
  • 152
    • 84877926367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive prenatal testing/noninvasive prenatal diagnosis: the position of the National Society of Genetic Counselors
    • [152] Devers, P.L., Cronister, A., Ormond, K.E., Facio, F., Brasington, C.K., Flodman, P., Noninvasive prenatal testing/noninvasive prenatal diagnosis: the position of the National Society of Genetic Counselors. J. Genet. Couns. 22 (2013), 291–295, 10.1007/s10897-012-9564-0.
    • (2013) J. Genet. Couns. , vol.22 , pp. 291-295
    • Devers, P.L.1    Cronister, A.2    Ormond, K.E.3    Facio, F.4    Brasington, C.K.5    Flodman, P.6
  • 153
    • 84944352609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy and beyond: challenges of responsible innovation in prenatal screening
    • [153] Dondorp, W., de Wert, G., Bombard, Y., Bianchi, D.W., Bergmann, C., Borry, P., et al. Non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy and beyond: challenges of responsible innovation in prenatal screening. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 23 (2015), 1438–1450, 10.1038/ejhg.2015.57.
    • (2015) Eur. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.23 , pp. 1438-1450
    • Dondorp, W.1    de Wert, G.2    Bombard, Y.3    Bianchi, D.W.4    Bergmann, C.5    Borry, P.6
  • 154
    • 84921712038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal testing for chromosomal abnormality using maternal plasma DNA
    • Scientific Impact Paper No. 15 accessed 16.04.15
    • [154] Soothill, P.W., Non-invasive prenatal testing for chromosomal abnormality using maternal plasma DNA. Scientific Impact Paper No. 15, 2014 https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=Non-Invasive+Prenatal+Testing+for+Chromosomal+Abnormality+Using+Maternal+Plasma+DNA+rcog&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&gws_rd=cr&ei=5PkvVc2HJomnsAGYrIGwBg accessed 16.04.15.
    • (2014)
    • Soothill, P.W.1
  • 155
    • 84880042743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal cfDNA screening for Down syndrome: a cost sensitivity analysis
    • [155] Cuckle, H., Benn, P., Pergament, E., Maternal cfDNA screening for Down syndrome: a cost sensitivity analysis. Prenat. Diagn. 33 (2013), 636–642, 10.1002/pd.4157.
    • (2013) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.33 , pp. 636-642
    • Cuckle, H.1    Benn, P.2    Pergament, E.3
  • 156
    • 84899508178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model-based analysis of costs and outcomes of non-invasive prenatal testing for Down's syndrome using cell free fetal DNA in the UK National Health Service
    • [156] Morris, S., Karlsen, S., Chung, N., Hill, M., Chitty, L.S., Model-based analysis of costs and outcomes of non-invasive prenatal testing for Down's syndrome using cell free fetal DNA in the UK National Health Service. PLoS One, 9, 2014, e93559, 10.1371/journal.pone.0093559.
    • (2014) PLoS One , vol.9 , pp. e93559
    • Morris, S.1    Karlsen, S.2    Chung, N.3    Hill, M.4    Chitty, L.S.5
  • 157
    • 84908669363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical perspective of cell-free DNA testing for fetal aneuploidies
    • [157] Gratacós, E., Nicolaides, K., Clinical perspective of cell-free DNA testing for fetal aneuploidies. Fetal Diagn. Ther. 35 (2014), 151–155, 10.1159/000362940.
    • (2014) Fetal Diagn. Ther. , vol.35 , pp. 151-155
    • Gratacós, E.1    Nicolaides, K.2
  • 158
    • 84904273806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for aneuploidy in an NHS setting: a reliable accurate prenatal non-invasive diagnosis (RAPID) protocol
    • [158] Hill, M., Wright, D., Daley, R., Lewis, C., McKay, F., Mason, S., et al. Evaluation of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for aneuploidy in an NHS setting: a reliable accurate prenatal non-invasive diagnosis (RAPID) protocol. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 14, 2014, 229, 10.1186/1471-2393-14-229.
    • (2014) BMC Pregnancy Childbirth , vol.14 , pp. 229
    • Hill, M.1    Wright, D.2    Daley, R.3    Lewis, C.4    McKay, F.5    Mason, S.6
  • 159
    • 84945550459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and validation of a measure of informed choice for women undergoing non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy
    • [159] Lewis, C., Hill, M., Skirton, H., Chitty, L.S., Development and validation of a measure of informed choice for women undergoing non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 24 (2016), 809–816.
    • (2016) Eur. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.24 , pp. 809-816
    • Lewis, C.1    Hill, M.2    Skirton, H.3    Chitty, L.S.4
  • 160
    • 84985057776 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of agenda-setting research: twenty-five years in the marketplace of ideas
    • [160] McCombs, M.E., Shaw, D.L., The evolution of agenda-setting research: twenty-five years in the marketplace of ideas. J. Commun. 43 (1993), 58–67, 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01262.x.
    • (1993) J. Commun. , vol.43 , pp. 58-67
    • McCombs, M.E.1    Shaw, D.L.2
  • 161
    • 84928390791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • “Hope for safe prenatal gene tests”. A content analysis of how the UK press media are reporting advances in non-invasive prenatal testing
    • [161] Lewis, C., Choudhury, M., Chitty, L.S., “Hope for safe prenatal gene tests”. A content analysis of how the UK press media are reporting advances in non-invasive prenatal testing. Prenat. Diagn. 35 (2014), 420–427, 10.1002/pd.4488.
    • (2014) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.35 , pp. 420-427
    • Lewis, C.1    Choudhury, M.2    Chitty, L.S.3
  • 162
    • 84955215690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy: a systematic review of Internet advertising to potential users by commercial companies and private health providers
    • [162] Skirton, H., Goldsmith, L., Jackson, L., Lewis, C., Chitty, L.S., Non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy: a systematic review of Internet advertising to potential users by commercial companies and private health providers. Prenat. Diagn. 35 (2015), 1167–1175, 10.1002/pd.4673.
    • (2015) Prenat. Diagn. , vol.35 , pp. 1167-1175
    • Skirton, H.1    Goldsmith, L.2    Jackson, L.3    Lewis, C.4    Chitty, L.S.5
  • 163
    • 84938415739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An exome sequencing strategy to diagnose lethal autosomal recessive disorders
    • [163] Ellard, S., Kivuva, E., Turnpenny, P., Stals, K., Johnson, M., Xie, W., et al. An exome sequencing strategy to diagnose lethal autosomal recessive disorders. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 23 (2015), 401–404, 10.1038/ejhg.2014.120.
    • (2015) Eur. J. Hum. Genet. , vol.23 , pp. 401-404
    • Ellard, S.1    Kivuva, E.2    Turnpenny, P.3    Stals, K.4    Johnson, M.5    Xie, W.6
  • 165
    • 84937685622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell-free DNA versus intact fetal cells for prenatal genetic diagnostics: what does the future hold?
    • [165] Wou, K., Feinberg, J.L., Wapner, R.J., Simpson, J.L., Cell-free DNA versus intact fetal cells for prenatal genetic diagnostics: what does the future hold?. Expert Rev. Mol. Diagn. 15 (2015), 989–998, 10.1586/14737159.2015.1051529.
    • (2015) Expert Rev. Mol. Diagn. , vol.15 , pp. 989-998
    • Wou, K.1    Feinberg, J.L.2    Wapner, R.J.3    Simpson, J.L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.