-
3
-
-
84938746151
-
A national survey of the molecular epidemiology of Clostridium difficile in Israel: the dissemination of the ribotype 027 strain with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin and metronidazole
-
A.AdlerT.Miller-RollR.BradensteinC.BlockB.MendelsonM.Parizade (2015) A national survey of the molecular epidemiology of Clostridium difficile in Israel: the dissemination of the ribotype 027 strain with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin and metronidazole. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis83: 21–24.
-
(2015)
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
, vol.83
, pp. 21-24
-
-
Adler, A.1
Miller-Roll, T.2
Bradenstein, R.3
Block, C.4
Mendelson, B.5
Parizade, M.6
-
4
-
-
84894245665
-
Shedding of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 by zoo animals, and report of an unstable metronidazole-resistant isolate from a zebra foal (Equus quagga burchellii)
-
S.Álvarez-PérezJ.BlancoE.Martínez-NevadoT.PeláezC.HarmanusE.Kuijper (2014) Shedding of Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 by zoo animals, and report of an unstable metronidazole-resistant isolate from a zebra foal (Equus quagga burchellii). Vet Microbiol169: 218–222.
-
(2014)
Vet Microbiol
, vol.169
, pp. 218-222
-
-
Álvarez-Pérez, S.1
Blanco, J.2
Martínez-Nevado, E.3
Peláez, T.4
Harmanus, C.5
Kuijper, E.6
-
5
-
-
0021920287
-
The influence of single dose intravenous antibiotics on faecal flora and emergence of Clostridium difficile
-
N.AmbroseM.JohnsonD.BurdonM.Keighley (1985) The influence of single dose intravenous antibiotics on faecal flora and emergence of Clostridium difficile. J Antimicrob Chemother15: 319–326.
-
(1985)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.15
, pp. 319-326
-
-
Ambrose, N.1
Johnson, M.2
Burdon, D.3
Keighley, M.4
-
6
-
-
84859364866
-
Distribution of the vanG-like gene cluster in Clostridium difficile clinical isolates
-
F.AmmamJ.MarvaudT.Lambert (2012) Distribution of the vanG-like gene cluster in Clostridium difficile clinical isolates. Can J Microbiol58: 547–551.
-
(2012)
Can J Microbiol
, vol.58
, pp. 547-551
-
-
Ammam, F.1
Marvaud, J.2
Lambert, T.3
-
10
-
-
0017757971
-
Clindamycin-associated colitis due to a toxin-producing species of Clostridium in hamsters
-
J.BartlettA.OnderdonkR.CisnerosD.Kasper (1977) Clindamycin-associated colitis due to a toxin-producing species of Clostridium in hamsters. J Infect Dis136: 701–705.
-
(1977)
J Infect Dis
, vol.136
, pp. 701-705
-
-
Bartlett, J.1
Onderdonk, A.2
Cisneros, R.3
Kasper, D.4
-
12
-
-
0031752883
-
Risk factors for Clostridium difficile infection
-
G.Bignardi (1998) Risk factors for Clostridium difficile infection. J Hosp Infect40: 1–15.
-
(1998)
J Hosp Infect
, vol.40
, pp. 1-15
-
-
Bignardi, G.1
-
13
-
-
0022491104
-
Faecal metronidazole concentrations during oral and intravenous therapy for antibiotic associated colitis due to Clostridium difficile
-
R.BoltonM.Culshaw (1986) Faecal metronidazole concentrations during oral and intravenous therapy for antibiotic associated colitis due to Clostridium difficile. Gut27: 1169–1172.
-
(1986)
Gut
, vol.27
, pp. 1169-1172
-
-
Bolton, R.1
Culshaw, M.2
-
15
-
-
80051832374
-
Genetic organisation, mobility and predicted functions of genes on integrated, mobile genetic elements in sequenced strains of Clostridium difficile
-
M.BrouwerP.WarburtonA.RobertsP.MullanyE.Allan (2011) Genetic organisation, mobility and predicted functions of genes on integrated, mobile genetic elements in sequenced strains of Clostridium difficile. PLoS One6: e23014.
-
(2011)
PLoS One
, vol.6
, pp. e23014
-
-
Brouwer, M.1
Warburton, P.2
Roberts, A.3
Mullany, P.4
Allan, E.5
-
16
-
-
84861220095
-
In silico analysis of sequenced strains of Clostridium difficile reveals a related set of conjugative transposons carrying a variety of accessory genes
-
M.BrouwerA.RobertsP.MullanyE.Allan (2012) In silico analysis of sequenced strains of Clostridium difficile reveals a related set of conjugative transposons carrying a variety of accessory genes. Mob Genet Elements2: 8–12.
-
(2012)
Mob Genet Elements
, vol.2
, pp. 8-12
-
-
Brouwer, M.1
Roberts, A.2
Mullany, P.3
Allan, E.4
-
17
-
-
84964313475
-
Antibiotic susceptibility of Clostridium difficile is similar worldwide over two decades despite widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics: an analysis done at the University Hospital of Zurich
-
A.BüchlerS.RampiniS.StellingB.LedergerberS.PeterA.Schweiger (2014) Antibiotic susceptibility of Clostridium difficile is similar worldwide over two decades despite widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics: an analysis done at the University Hospital of Zurich. BMC Infect Dis14: 607.
-
(2014)
BMC Infect Dis
, vol.14
, pp. 607
-
-
Büchler, A.1
Rampini, S.2
Stelling, S.3
Ledergerber, B.4
Peter, S.5
Schweiger, A.6
-
18
-
-
42049121676
-
Clostridium difficile surveillance trends, Saxony, Germany
-
F.BurckhardtA.FriedrichD.BeierT.Eckmanns (2008) Clostridium difficile surveillance trends, Saxony, Germany. Emerg Infect Dis4: 691–692.
-
(2008)
Emerg Infect Dis
, vol.4
, pp. 691-692
-
-
Burckhardt, F.1
Friedrich, A.2
Beier, D.3
Eckmanns, T.4
-
19
-
-
70450267459
-
Diversity of moxifloxacin resistance during a nosocomial outbreak of a predominantly ribotype ARU 027 Clostridium difficile diarrhea
-
R.CarmanC.GenheimerF.RafiiM.ParkM.HiltonsmithD.Lyerly (2009) Diversity of moxifloxacin resistance during a nosocomial outbreak of a predominantly ribotype ARU 027 Clostridium difficile diarrhea. Anaerobe15: 244–248.
-
(2009)
Anaerobe
, vol.15
, pp. 244-248
-
-
Carman, R.1
Genheimer, C.2
Rafii, F.3
Park, M.4
Hiltonsmith, M.5
Lyerly, D.6
-
22
-
-
84879916985
-
Emerging therapies for Clostridium difficile infection – focus on fidaxomicin
-
F.Chaparro-RojasK.Mullane (2013) Emerging therapies for Clostridium difficile infection – focus on fidaxomicin. Infect Drug Resist6: 41–53.
-
(2013)
Infect Drug Resist
, vol.6
, pp. 41-53
-
-
Chaparro-Rojas, F.1
Mullane, K.2
-
23
-
-
84885040899
-
Molecular epidemiology of Clostridium difficile at a medical center in Taiwan: persistence of genetically clustering of A−B+ isolates and increase of A+B+ isolates
-
J.ChiaH.LaiL.SuA.KuoT.Wu (2013) Molecular epidemiology of Clostridium difficile at a medical center in Taiwan: persistence of genetically clustering of A−B+ isolates and increase of A+B+ isolates. PLoS One8: e75471.
-
(2013)
PLoS One
, vol.8
, pp. e75471
-
-
Chia, J.1
Lai, H.2
Su, L.3
Kuo, A.4
Wu, T.5
-
24
-
-
84896936012
-
Proteomic analysis of a NAP1 Clostridium difficile clinical isolate resistant to metronidazole
-
P.ChongT.LynchS.McCorristerP.KibseyM.MillerD.Gravel (2014) Proteomic analysis of a NAP1 Clostridium difficile clinical isolate resistant to metronidazole. PLoS One9: e82622.
-
(2014)
PLoS One
, vol.9
, pp. e82622
-
-
Chong, P.1
Lynch, T.2
McCorrister, S.3
Kibsey, P.4
Miller, M.5
Gravel, D.6
-
26
-
-
85061843212
-
Methods for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Anaerobic Bacteria; Approved Standard-Eighth Edition
-
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2012) Methods for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Anaerobic Bacteria; Approved Standard-Eighth Edition. CLSI document M11-A8
-
(2012)
CLSI document M11-A8
-
-
-
27
-
-
0003358488
-
Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Fifth Informational Supplement
-
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2015) Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Fifth Informational Supplement. CLSI document M100-S25
-
(2015)
CLSI document
, pp. M100-M125
-
-
-
28
-
-
84863100346
-
Analysis of a Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 100 kilobase island reveals the presence of a novel transposon, Tn6164
-
J.CorverD.BakkerM.BrouwerC.HarmanusM.HensgensA.Roberts (2012) Analysis of a Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 078 100 kilobase island reveals the presence of a novel transposon, Tn6164. BMC Microbiol12: 130.
-
(2012)
BMC Microbiol
, vol.12
, pp. 130
-
-
Corver, J.1
Bakker, D.2
Brouwer, M.3
Harmanus, C.4
Hensgens, M.5
Roberts, A.6
-
29
-
-
58849098153
-
High frequency of rifampin resistance identified in an epidemic Clostridium difficile clone from a large teaching hospital
-
S.CurryJ.MarshK.ShuttC.MutoM.O’LearyM.Saul (2009) High frequency of rifampin resistance identified in an epidemic Clostridium difficile clone from a large teaching hospital. Clin Infect Dis48: 425–429.
-
(2009)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.48
, pp. 425-429
-
-
Curry, S.1
Marsh, J.2
Shutt, K.3
Muto, C.4
O’Leary, M.5
Saul, M.6
-
30
-
-
84873037097
-
Multiple factors modulate biofilm formation by the anaerobic pathogen Clostridium difficile
-
T.DapaR.LeuzziY.NgS.BabanR.AdamoS.Kuehne (2013) Multiple factors modulate biofilm formation by the anaerobic pathogen Clostridium difficile. J Bacteriol195: 545–555.
-
(2013)
J Bacteriol
, vol.195
, pp. 545-555
-
-
Dapa, T.1
Leuzzi, R.2
Ng, Y.3
Baban, S.4
Adamo, R.5
Kuehne, S.6
-
31
-
-
0024509962
-
Third generation cephalosporins as a risk factor for Clostridium difficile-associated disease: a four-year survey in a general hospital
-
F.de LallaG.PriviteraG.OrtisiG.RizzardiniD.SantoroA.Pagano (1989) Third generation cephalosporins as a risk factor for Clostridium difficile-associated disease: a four-year survey in a general hospital. J Antimicrob Chemother23: 623–631.
-
(1989)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.23
, pp. 623-631
-
-
de Lalla, F.1
Privitera, G.2
Ortisi, G.3
Rizzardini, G.4
Santoro, D.5
Pagano, A.6
-
32
-
-
84887259304
-
European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases: update of the treatment guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection
-
S.DebastM.BauerE.Kuijper (2014) European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases: update of the treatment guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection. Clin Microbiol Infect20: 1–26.
-
(2014)
Clin Microbiol Infect
, vol.20
, pp. 1-26
-
-
Debast, S.1
Bauer, M.2
Kuijper, E.3
-
34
-
-
84871658793
-
Antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance mechanisms of clinical Clostridium difficile from a Chinese tertiary hospital
-
D.DongL.ZhangX.ChenC.JiangB.YuX.WangY.Peng (2013) Antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance mechanisms of clinical Clostridium difficile from a Chinese tertiary hospital. Int J Antimicrob Agents41: 80–84.
-
(2013)
Int J Antimicrob Agents
, vol.41
, pp. 80-84
-
-
Dong, D.1
Zhang, L.2
Chen, X.3
Jiang, C.4
Yu, B.5
Wang, X.6
Peng, Y.7
-
35
-
-
84890806417
-
Genetic analysis of Tn916-like elements conferring tetracycline resistance in clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile
-
D.DongX.ChenC.JiangL.ZhangG.CaiL.Han (2014) Genetic analysis of Tn916-like elements conferring tetracycline resistance in clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile. Int J Antimicrob Agents43: 73–77.
-
(2014)
Int J Antimicrob Agents
, vol.43
, pp. 73-77
-
-
Dong, D.1
Chen, X.2
Jiang, C.3
Zhang, L.4
Cai, G.5
Han, L.6
-
36
-
-
0036840972
-
Gyr A and gyrB mutations are implicated in cross-resistance to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin in Clostridium difficile
-
L.DridiJ.TankovicB.BurghofferF.BarbutJ.Petit (2002) Gyr A and gyrB mutations are implicated in cross-resistance to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin in Clostridium difficile. Antimicrob Agents Chemother46: 3418–3421.
-
(2002)
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
, vol.46
, pp. 3418-3421
-
-
Dridi, L.1
Tankovic, J.2
Burghoffer, B.3
Barbut, F.4
Petit, J.5
-
37
-
-
33845351752
-
High-level resistance to moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin associated with a novel mutation in gyrB in toxin-A-negative, toxin-B-positive Clostridium difficile
-
D.DrudyT.QuinnR.O’MahonyL.KyneP.O’GaoraS.Fanning (2006) High-level resistance to moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin associated with a novel mutation in gyrB in toxin-A-negative, toxin-B-positive Clostridium difficile. J Antimicrob Chemother58: 1264–1267.
-
(2006)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.58
, pp. 1264-1267
-
-
Drudy, D.1
Quinn, T.2
O’Mahony, R.3
Kyne, L.4
O’Gaora, P.5
Fanning, S.6
-
38
-
-
33847416012
-
gyrA mutations in fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile PCR-027
-
D.DrudyL.KyneR.O’MahonyS.Fanning (2007) gyrA mutations in fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile PCR-027. Emerg Infect Dis13: 504–505.
-
(2007)
Emerg Infect Dis
, vol.13
, pp. 504-505
-
-
Drudy, D.1
Kyne, L.2
O’Mahony, R.3
Fanning, S.4
-
39
-
-
84863694101
-
Burden of Clostridium difficile on the healthcare system
-
E.DubberkeM.Olsen (2012) Burden of Clostridium difficile on the healthcare system. Clin Infect Dis55(Suppl. 2): S88–S92.
-
(2012)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.55
, pp. S88-S92
-
-
Dubberke, E.1
Olsen, M.2
-
40
-
-
84875813438
-
Clinical and microbiological features of Clostridium difficile infections in France: The ICD-RAISIN 2009 national survey
-
C.EckertB.CoignardM.HebertC.TarnaudC.TessierA.Lemire (2013) Clinical and microbiological features of Clostridium difficile infections in France: The ICD-RAISIN 2009 national survey. Méd Mal Infect43: 67–74.
-
(2013)
Méd Mal Infect
, vol.43
, pp. 67-74
-
-
Eckert, C.1
Coignard, B.2
Hebert, M.3
Tarnaud, C.4
Tessier, C.5
Lemire, A.6
-
41
-
-
84922698561
-
Investigation of the MICs of fidaxomicin and other antibiotics against Hungarian Clostridium difficile isolates
-
Z.EitelG.TerhesJ.SókiE.NagyE.Urbán (2015) Investigation of the MICs of fidaxomicin and other antibiotics against Hungarian Clostridium difficile isolates. Anaerobe31: 47–49.
-
(2015)
Anaerobe
, vol.31
, pp. 47-49
-
-
Eitel, Z.1
Terhes, G.2
Sóki, J.3
Nagy, E.4
Urbán, E.5
-
43
-
-
0034769457
-
Genomic analysis of the erythromycin resistance element Tn5398 from Clostridium difficile
-
K.FarrowD.LyrasJ.Rood (2001) Genomic analysis of the erythromycin resistance element Tn5398 from Clostridium difficile. Microbiology147: 2717–2728.
-
(2001)
Microbiology
, vol.147
, pp. 2717-2728
-
-
Farrow, K.1
Lyras, D.2
Rood, J.3
-
44
-
-
27744483788
-
Surveillance for resistance to metronidazole and vancomycin in genotypically distinct and UK epidemic Clostridium difficile isolates in a large teaching hospital
-
J.FreemanJ.StottS.BainesW.FawleyM.Wilcox (2005) Surveillance for resistance to metronidazole and vancomycin in genotypically distinct and UK epidemic Clostridium difficile isolates in a large teaching hospital. J Antimicrob Chemother56: 988–989.
-
(2005)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.56
, pp. 988-989
-
-
Freeman, J.1
Stott, J.2
Baines, S.3
Fawley, W.4
Wilcox, M.5
-
47
-
-
84862743279
-
Antimicrobial resistance, toxinotype, and genotypic profiling of Clostridium difficile isolates of swine origin
-
P.FryS.ThakurM.AbleyW.Gebreyes (2012) Antimicrobial resistance, toxinotype, and genotypic profiling of Clostridium difficile isolates of swine origin. J Clin Microbiol50: 2366–2372.
-
(2012)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.50
, pp. 2366-2372
-
-
Fry, P.1
Thakur, S.2
Abley, M.3
Gebreyes, W.4
-
48
-
-
3543141203
-
Metronidazole resistance in Bacteroides spp. carrying nim genes and the selection of slow-growing metronidazole-resistant mutants
-
M.GalJ.Brazier (2004) Metronidazole resistance in Bacteroides spp. carrying nim genes and the selection of slow-growing metronidazole-resistant mutants. J Antimicrob Chemother54: 109–116.
-
(2004)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.54
, pp. 109-116
-
-
Gal, M.1
Brazier, J.2
-
49
-
-
1442327302
-
Clindamycin, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea: this is an antimicrobial resistance problem
-
D.Gerding (2004) Clindamycin, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and Clostridium difficile–associated diarrhea: this is an antimicrobial resistance problem. Clin Infect Dis38: 646–648.
-
(2004)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.38
, pp. 646-648
-
-
Gerding, D.1
-
50
-
-
84891648569
-
Phage φC2 mediates transduction of Tn6215, encoding erythromycin resistance, between Clostridium difficile strains
-
S.GohH.HussainB.ChangW.EmmettT.RileyP.Mullany (2013) Phage φC2 mediates transduction of Tn6215, encoding erythromycin resistance, between Clostridium difficile strains. MBio4: e00840–e00813.
-
(2013)
MBio
, vol.4
, pp. e00840-e813
-
-
Goh, S.1
Hussain, H.2
Chang, B.3
Emmett, W.4
Riley, T.5
Mullany, P.6
-
51
-
-
0020327998
-
The development of 5-nitroimidazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of anaerobic bacterial infections
-
P.Goldman (1982) The development of 5-nitroimidazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of anaerobic bacterial infections. J Antimicrob Chemother10(Suppl. A): 23–33.
-
(1982)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.10
, pp. 23-33
-
-
Goldman, P.1
-
52
-
-
34548487752
-
Spread and epidemiology of Clostridium difficile polymerase chain reaction ribotype 027/toxinotype III in The Netherlands
-
A.GoorhuisT.Van der KooiN.VaessenF.DekkerR.Van den BergC.Harmanus (2007) Spread and epidemiology of Clostridium difficile polymerase chain reaction ribotype 027/toxinotype III in The Netherlands. Clin Infect Dis45: 695–703.
-
(2007)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.45
, pp. 695-703
-
-
Goorhuis, A.1
Van der Kooi, T.2
Vaessen, N.3
Dekker, F.4
Van den Berg, R.5
Harmanus, C.6
-
54
-
-
80054711588
-
Comparative susceptibilities of fidaxomicin (OPT-80) of isolates collected at baseline, recurrence, and failure from patients in two fidaxomicin phase III trials of C. difficile infection
-
E.GoldsteinD.CitronP.SearsF.BabakhaniS.SambolD.N.Gerding (2011) Comparative susceptibilities of fidaxomicin (OPT-80) of isolates collected at baseline, recurrence, and failure from patients in two fidaxomicin phase III trials of C. difficile infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother55: 5194–5199.
-
(2011)
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
, vol.55
, pp. 5194-5199
-
-
Goldstein, E.1
Citron, D.2
Sears, P.3
Babakhani, F.4
Sambol, S.5
Gerding, D.N.6
-
57
-
-
60549117587
-
Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program. Health care-associated Clostridium difficile infection in adults admitted to acute care hospitals in Canada: a Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program study
-
D.GravelM.MillerA.SimorG.TaylorM.GardamA.McGeer (2009) Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program. Health care-associated Clostridium difficile infection in adults admitted to acute care hospitals in Canada: a Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program study. Clin Infect Dis48: 568–576.
-
(2009)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.48
, pp. 568-576
-
-
Gravel, D.1
Miller, M.2
Simor, A.3
Taylor, G.4
Gardam, M.5
McGeer, A.6
-
58
-
-
0023215246
-
Genetic characterization of a Clostridium difficile erythromycin-clindamycin resistance determinant that is transferable to Staphylococcus aureus
-
H.HächlerB.Berger-BächiF.Kayser (1987) Genetic characterization of a Clostridium difficile erythromycin-clindamycin resistance determinant that is transferable to Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial Agents Chemother7: 1039–1045.
-
(1987)
Antimicrobial Agents Chemother
, vol.7
, pp. 1039-1045
-
-
Hächler, H.1
Berger-Bächi, B.2
Kayser, F.3
-
62
-
-
84877869801
-
Use of rifamycin drugs and development of infection by rifamycin-resistant strains of Clostridium difficile
-
J.HuangZ.JiangK.GareyT.LascoH.Dupont (2013) Use of rifamycin drugs and development of infection by rifamycin-resistant strains of Clostridium difficile. Antimicrob Agents Chemother57: 2690–2693.
-
(2013)
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
, vol.57
, pp. 2690-2693
-
-
Huang, J.1
Jiang, Z.2
Garey, K.3
Lasco, T.4
Dupont, H.5
-
63
-
-
0028972348
-
Increased risk of diarrhoea caused by Clostridium difficile in elderly patients receiving cefotaxime
-
M.ImpallomeniN.GalletlyJ.WortJ.StarrT.Rogers (1995) Increased risk of diarrhoea caused by Clostridium difficile in elderly patients receiving cefotaxime. BMJ311: 1345–1346.
-
(1995)
BMJ
, vol.311
, pp. 1345-1346
-
-
Impallomeni, M.1
Galletly, N.2
Wort, J.3
Starr, J.4
Rogers, T.5
-
64
-
-
84934942717
-
Clostridium difficile drug pipeline: challenges in discovery and development of new agents
-
A.JarradT.KaroliM.BlaskovichD.LyrasM.Cooper (2015) Clostridium difficile drug pipeline: challenges in discovery and development of new agents. J Med Chem58: 5164–5185.
-
(2015)
J Med Chem
, vol.58
, pp. 5164-5185
-
-
Jarrad, A.1
Karoli, T.2
Blaskovich, M.3
Lyras, D.4
Cooper, M.5
-
65
-
-
78049292276
-
Demonstration of conjugative transposon (Tn5397)-mediated horizontal gene transfer between Clostridium difficile and Enterococcus faecalis
-
A.JasniP.MullanyH.HussainA.Roberts (2010) Demonstration of conjugative transposon (Tn5397)-mediated horizontal gene transfer between Clostridium difficile and Enterococcus faecalis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother54: 4924–4926.
-
(2010)
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
, vol.54
, pp. 4924-4926
-
-
Jasni, A.1
Mullany, P.2
Hussain, H.3
Roberts, A.4
-
66
-
-
0033604532
-
Epidemics of diarrhea caused by a clindamycin-resistant strain of Clostridium difficile in four hospitals
-
S.JohnsonM.SamoreK.FarrowG.KillgoreF.TenoverD.Lyras (1999) Epidemics of diarrhea caused by a clindamycin-resistant strain of Clostridium difficile in four hospitals. N Engl J Med341: 1645–1651.
-
(1999)
N Engl J Med
, vol.341
, pp. 1645-1651
-
-
Johnson, S.1
Samore, M.2
Farrow, K.3
Killgore, G.4
Tenover, F.5
Lyras, D.6
-
67
-
-
70450228421
-
Rifaximin redux: treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infections with rifaximin immediately post-vancomycin treatment
-
S.JohnsonC.SchrieverU.PatelT.PatelD.HechtD.Gerding (2009) Rifaximin redux: treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infections with rifaximin immediately post-vancomycin treatment. Anaerobe15: 290–291.
-
(2009)
Anaerobe
, vol.15
, pp. 290-291
-
-
Johnson, S.1
Schriever, C.2
Patel, U.3
Patel, T.4
Hecht, D.5
Gerding, D.6
-
68
-
-
84859836905
-
Multidrug-resistant North American pulsotype 2 Clostridium difficile was the predominant toxigenic hospital-acquired strain in the province of Manitoba, Canada, in 2006–2007
-
J.KarlowskyG.ZhanelG.HammondE.RubinsteinJ.WylieT.Du (2012) Multidrug-resistant North American pulsotype 2 Clostridium difficile was the predominant toxigenic hospital-acquired strain in the province of Manitoba, Canada, in 2006–2007. J Med Microbiol61: 693–700.
-
(2012)
J Med Microbiol
, vol.61
, pp. 693-700
-
-
Karlowsky, J.1
Zhanel, G.2
Hammond, G.3
Rubinstein, E.4
Wylie, J.5
Du, T.6
-
69
-
-
34250660545
-
Prevalence of PCR ribotypes among Clostridium difficile isolates from pigs, calves, and other species
-
K.KeeJ.BrazierK.PostS.WeeseJ.Songer (2007) Prevalence of PCR ribotypes among Clostridium difficile isolates from pigs, calves, and other species. J Clin Microbiol45: 1963–1964.
-
(2007)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.45
, pp. 1963-1964
-
-
Kee, K.1
Brazier, J.2
Post, K.3
Weese, S.4
Songer, J.5
-
70
-
-
0042520977
-
Impact of changes in antibiotic policy on Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD) over a five-year period in a district general hospital
-
R.KhanJ.Cheesbrough (2003) Impact of changes in antibiotic policy on Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD) over a five-year period in a district general hospital. J Hosp Infect54: 104–108.
-
(2003)
J Hosp Infect
, vol.54
, pp. 104-108
-
-
Khan, R.1
Cheesbrough, J.2
-
71
-
-
58249093008
-
Epidemiological features of Clostridium difficile-associated disease among inpatients at children’s hospitals in the United States, 2001–2006
-
J.KimS.SmathersP.PrasadK.LeckermanS.CoffinT.Zaoutis (2008) Epidemiological features of Clostridium difficile-associated disease among inpatients at children’s hospitals in the United States, 2001–2006. Pediatrics122: 1266–1270.
-
(2008)
Pediatrics
, vol.122
, pp. 1266-1270
-
-
Kim, J.1
Smathers, S.2
Prasad, P.3
Leckerman, K.4
Coffin, S.5
Zaoutis, T.6
-
72
-
-
84861891344
-
Association between PCR ribotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility among Clostridium difficile isolates from healthcare-associated infections in South Korea
-
J.KimJ.KangH.PaiT.Choi (2012) Association between PCR ribotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility among Clostridium difficile isolates from healthcare-associated infections in South Korea. Int J Antimicrob Agents40: 24–29.
-
(2012)
Int J Antimicrob Agents
, vol.40
, pp. 24-29
-
-
Kim, J.1
Kang, J.2
Pai, H.3
Choi, T.4
-
73
-
-
84945220114
-
Surveillance for antimicrobial resistance in Australian isolates of Clostridium difficile, 2013–14
-
D.KnightS.GiglioP.HuntingtonT.KormanD.KotsanasC.Moore (2015) Surveillance for antimicrobial resistance in Australian isolates of Clostridium difficile, 2013–14. J Antimicrob Chemother70: 2992–2999.
-
(2015)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.70
, pp. 2992-2999
-
-
Knight, D.1
Giglio, S.2
Huntington, P.3
Korman, T.4
Kotsanas, D.5
Moore, C.6
-
74
-
-
84949089669
-
Antibiotic profiling of Clostridium difficile ribotype 176 - A multidrug resistant relative to C. difficile ribotype 027. Anaerobe
-
Krutova, M., Matejkova, J., Tkadlec, J. and Nyc, O. (2015) Antibiotic profiling of Clostridium difficile ribotype 176 - A multidrug resistant relative to C. difficile ribotype 027. Anaerobe. DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2015.07.009
-
(2015)
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2015.07.009
-
-
Krutova, M.1
Matejkova, J.2
Tkadlec, J.3
Nyc, O.4
-
75
-
-
84925519399
-
Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium difficile isolated from a university teaching hospital in Japan
-
Y.KuwataS.TanimotoE.SawabeM.ShimaY.TakahashiH.Ushizawa (2015) Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium difficile isolated from a university teaching hospital in Japan. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect34: 763–772.
-
(2015)
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect
, vol.34
, pp. 763-772
-
-
Kuwata, Y.1
Tanimoto, S.2
Sawabe, E.3
Shima, M.4
Takahashi, Y.5
Ushizawa, H.6
-
76
-
-
84922691786
-
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Clostridium difficile strains belonging to different polymerase chain reaction ribotypes isolated in Poland in 2012
-
D.LachowiczH.PituchP.Obuch-Woszczatyński (2015) Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Clostridium difficile strains belonging to different polymerase chain reaction ribotypes isolated in Poland in 2012. Anaerobe31: 37–41.
-
(2015)
Anaerobe
, vol.31
, pp. 37-41
-
-
Lachowicz, D.1
Pituch, H.2
Obuch-Woszczatyński, P.3
-
77
-
-
84901365137
-
The changes of PCR ribotype and antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium difficile in a tertiary care hospital over 10 years
-
J.LeeY.LeeK.LeeT.RileyH.Kim (2014) The changes of PCR ribotype and antimicrobial resistance of Clostridium difficile in a tertiary care hospital over 10 years. J Med Microbiol63: 819–823.
-
(2014)
J Med Microbiol
, vol.63
, pp. 819-823
-
-
Lee, J.1
Lee, Y.2
Lee, K.3
Riley, T.4
Kim, H.5
-
78
-
-
84890413086
-
In vitro selection, via serial passage, of Clostridium difficile mutants with reduced susceptibility to fidaxomicin or vancomycin
-
J.LeedsM.SachdevaS.MullinS.BarnesA.Ruzin (2014) In vitro selection, via serial passage, of Clostridium difficile mutants with reduced susceptibility to fidaxomicin or vancomycin. J Antimicrob Chemother69: 41–44.
-
(2014)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.69
, pp. 41-44
-
-
Leeds, J.1
Sachdeva, M.2
Mullin, S.3
Barnes, S.4
Ruzin, A.5
-
79
-
-
84863676446
-
Current status of Clostridium difficile infection epidemiology
-
F.LessaC.GouldL.McDonald (2012) Current status of Clostridium difficile infection epidemiology. Clin Infect Dis55: 65–70.
-
(2012)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.55
, pp. 65-70
-
-
Lessa, F.1
Gould, C.2
McDonald, L.3
-
81
-
-
84862525707
-
Characterizations of clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile by toxin genotypes and by susceptibility to 12 antimicrobial agents, including fidaxomicin (OPT-80) and rifaximin: a multicenter study in Taiwan
-
C.LiaoW.KoJ.LuP.Hsueh (2012) Characterizations of clinical isolates of Clostridium difficile by toxin genotypes and by susceptibility to 12 antimicrobial agents, including fidaxomicin (OPT-80) and rifaximin: a multicenter study in Taiwan. Antimicrob Agents Chemother56: 3943–3949.
-
(2012)
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
, vol.56
, pp. 3943-3949
-
-
Liao, C.1
Ko, W.2
Lu, J.3
Hsueh, P.4
-
84
-
-
84863644993
-
Fidaxomicin preserves the intestinal microbiome during and after treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and reduces both toxin reexpression and recurrence of CDI
-
T.LouieK.CannonB.ByrneJ.EmeryL.WardM.Eyben (2012) Fidaxomicin preserves the intestinal microbiome during and after treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and reduces both toxin reexpression and recurrence of CDI. Clin Infect Dis55(Suppl. 2): S132–S142.
-
(2012)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.55
, pp. S132-S142
-
-
Louie, T.1
Cannon, K.2
Byrne, B.3
Emery, J.4
Ward, L.5
Eyben, M.6
-
85
-
-
84872549775
-
Characterization of a stable, metronidazole-resistant Clostridium difficile clinical isolate
-
T.LynchP.ChongJ.ZhangR.HizonT.DuM.Graham (2013) Characterization of a stable, metronidazole-resistant Clostridium difficile clinical isolate. PLoS One8: e53757.
-
(2013)
PLoS One
, vol.8
, pp. e53757
-
-
Lynch, T.1
Chong, P.2
Zhang, J.3
Hizon, R.4
Du, T.5
Graham, M.6
-
86
-
-
0031808781
-
Chloramphenicol resistance in Clostridium difficile is encoded on Tn4453 transposons that are closely related to Tn4451 from Clostridium perfringens
-
D.LyrasC.StorieA.HugginsP.CrellinT.BannamJ.Rood (1998) Chloramphenicol resistance in Clostridium difficile is encoded on Tn4453 transposons that are closely related to Tn4451 from Clostridium perfringens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother42: 1563–1567.
-
(1998)
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
, vol.42
, pp. 1563-1567
-
-
Lyras, D.1
Storie, C.2
Huggins, A.3
Crellin, P.4
Bannam, T.5
Rood, J.6
-
87
-
-
84934942717
-
Clostridium difficile drug pipeline: challenges in discovery and development of new agents
-
D.LyrasM.Cooper (2015) Clostridium difficile drug pipeline: challenges in discovery and development of new agents. J Med Chem58: 5164–5185.
-
(2015)
J Med Chem
, vol.58
, pp. 5164-5185
-
-
Lyras, D.1
Cooper, M.2
-
88
-
-
85140808506
-
-
Aogáin, M., Kilkenny, S., Walsh, C., Lindsay, S., Moloney, G., Morris, T. et al. (2015) Identification of a novel mutation at the primary dimer interface of GyrA conferring fluoroquinolone resistance in Clostridium difficile. JGAR, in press. DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2015.09.007
-
Mac Aogáin, M., Kilkenny, S., Walsh, C., Lindsay, S., Moloney, G., Morris, T. et al. (2015) Identification of a novel mutation at the primary dimer interface of GyrA conferring fluoroquinolone resistance in Clostridium difficile. JGAR, in press. DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2015.09.007
-
-
-
-
89
-
-
28844494086
-
An epidemic, toxin gene–variant strain of Clostridium difficile
-
L.McDonaldG.KillgoreA.ThompsonR.OwensS.KazakovaS.Sambol (2005) An epidemic, toxin gene–variant strain of Clostridium difficile. N Engl J Med353: 2433–2441.
-
(2005)
N Engl J Med
, vol.353
, pp. 2433-2441
-
-
McDonald, L.1
Killgore, G.2
Thompson, A.3
Owens, R.4
Kazakova, S.5
Sambol, S.6
-
90
-
-
79952585695
-
Comparison of the burdens of hospital-onset, healthcare facility-associated Clostridium difficile infection and of healthcare-associated infection due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in community hospitals
-
B.MillerL.ChenD.SextonD.Anderson (2011) Comparison of the burdens of hospital-onset, healthcare facility-associated Clostridium difficile infection and of healthcare-associated infection due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in community hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol32: 387–390.
-
(2011)
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
, vol.32
, pp. 387-390
-
-
Miller, B.1
Chen, L.2
Sexton, D.3
Anderson, D.4
-
91
-
-
82455174910
-
Divergent rifamycin susceptibilities of Clostridium difficile strains in Canada and Italy and predictive accuracy of rifampin Etest for rifamycin resistance
-
M.MillerR.BlanchetteP.SpigagliaF.BarbantiP.Mastrantonio (2011) Divergent rifamycin susceptibilities of Clostridium difficile strains in Canada and Italy and predictive accuracy of rifampin Etest for rifamycin resistance. J Clin Microbiol49: 4319–4321.
-
(2011)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.49
, pp. 4319-4321
-
-
Miller, M.1
Blanchette, R.2
Spigaglia, P.3
Barbanti, F.4
Mastrantonio, P.5
-
92
-
-
84872412204
-
Analysis of metronidazole susceptibility in different Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes
-
I.MouraP.SpigagliaF.BarbantiP.Mastrantonio (2013) Analysis of metronidazole susceptibility in different Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes. J Antimicrob Chemother68: 362–365.
-
(2013)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.68
, pp. 362-365
-
-
Moura, I.1
Spigaglia, P.2
Barbanti, F.3
Mastrantonio, P.4
-
93
-
-
84905397390
-
Multidisciplinary analysis of a nontoxigenic Clostridium difficile strain with stable resistance to metronidazole
-
I.MouraM.MonotC.TaniP.SpigagliaF.BarbantiN.Norais (2014) Multidisciplinary analysis of a nontoxigenic Clostridium difficile strain with stable resistance to metronidazole. Antimicrob Agents Chemother58: 4957–4960.
-
(2014)
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
, vol.58
, pp. 4957-4960
-
-
Moura, I.1
Monot, M.2
Tani, C.3
Spigaglia, P.4
Barbanti, F.5
Norais, N.6
-
94
-
-
79961203458
-
Fidaxomicin: first-in-class macrocyclic antibiotic
-
K.MullaneS.Gorbach (2011) Fidaxomicin: first-in-class macrocyclic antibiotic. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther9: 767–777.
-
(2011)
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther
, vol.9
, pp. 767-777
-
-
Mullane, K.1
Gorbach, S.2
-
95
-
-
0025281082
-
Genetic analysis of a tetracycline resistance determinant from Clostridium difficile and its conjugal transfer to and from Bacillus subtilis
-
P.MullanyM.WilksI.LambC.ClaytonB.WrenS.Tabaqchali (1990) Genetic analysis of a tetracycline resistance determinant from Clostridium difficile and its conjugal transfer to and from Bacillus subtilis. J Gen Microbiol136: 1343–1349.
-
(1990)
J Gen Microbiol
, vol.136
, pp. 1343-1349
-
-
Mullany, P.1
Wilks, M.2
Lamb, I.3
Clayton, C.4
Wren, B.5
Tabaqchali, S.6
-
96
-
-
0028922657
-
Transfer of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLS) resistance in Clostridium difficile is linked to a gene homologous with toxin A and is mediated by a conjugative transposon, Tn5398
-
P.MullanyM.WilksS.Tabaqchali (1995) Transfer of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLS) resistance in Clostridium difficile is linked to a gene homologous with toxin A and is mediated by a conjugative transposon, Tn5398. J Antimicrob Chemother2: 305–315.
-
(1995)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.2
, pp. 305-315
-
-
Mullany, P.1
Wilks, M.2
Tabaqchali, S.3
-
97
-
-
84861154088
-
Behavior and target site selection of conjugative transposon Tn916 in two different strains of toxigenic Clostridium difficile
-
P.MullanyR.WilliamsG.LangridgeD.TurnerR.WhalanC.Clayton (2012) Behavior and target site selection of conjugative transposon Tn916 in two different strains of toxigenic Clostridium difficile. Appl Environ Microbiol78: 2147–2153.
-
(2012)
Appl Environ Microbiol
, vol.78
, pp. 2147-2153
-
-
Mullany, P.1
Williams, R.2
Langridge, G.3
Turner, D.4
Whalan, R.5
Clayton, C.6
-
98
-
-
84928564816
-
Mobile genetic elements in Clostridium difficile and their role in genome function
-
P.MullanyE.AllanA.Roberts (2015) Mobile genetic elements in Clostridium difficile and their role in genome function. Res Microbiol166: 361–367.
-
(2015)
Res Microbiol
, vol.166
, pp. 361-367
-
-
Mullany, P.1
Allan, E.2
Roberts, A.3
-
100
-
-
20144386999
-
A large outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated disease with an unexpected proportion of deaths and colectomies at a teaching hospital following increased fluoroquinolone use
-
C.MutoM.PokrywkaK.ShuttA.MendelsohnK.NouriK.Posey (2005) A large outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated disease with an unexpected proportion of deaths and colectomies at a teaching hospital following increased fluoroquinolone use. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol26: 273–280.
-
(2005)
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol
, vol.26
, pp. 273-280
-
-
Muto, C.1
Pokrywka, M.2
Shutt, K.3
Mendelsohn, A.4
Nouri, K.5
Posey, K.6
-
101
-
-
36048999595
-
Control of an outbreak of infection with the hypervirulent Clostridium difficile BI strain in a university hospital using a comprehensive “bundle” approach
-
C.MutoM.BlankJ.MarshE.VergisM.O'LearyK.Shutt (2007) Control of an outbreak of infection with the hypervirulent Clostridium difficile BI strain in a university hospital using a comprehensive “bundle” approach. Clin Infect Dis45: 1266–1273.
-
(2007)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.45
, pp. 1266-1273
-
-
Muto, C.1
Blank, M.2
Marsh, J.3
Vergis, E.4
O'Leary, M.5
Shutt, K.6
-
102
-
-
84897442066
-
Comparison of antimicrobial susceptibility among Clostridium difficile isolated from an integrated human and swine population in Texas
-
K.NormanH.ScottR.HarveyB.NorbyM.Hume (2014) Comparison of antimicrobial susceptibility among Clostridium difficile isolated from an integrated human and swine population in Texas. Foodborne Pathog Dis11: 257–264.
-
(2014)
Foodborne Pathog Dis
, vol.11
, pp. 257-264
-
-
Norman, K.1
Scott, H.2
Harvey, R.3
Norby, B.4
Hume, M.5
-
103
-
-
84905698905
-
First clinical and microbiological characterization of Clostridium difficile infection in a Croatian University Hospital
-
A.NovakP.SpigagliaF.BarbantiI.Goic-BarisicM.Tonkic (2014) First clinical and microbiological characterization of Clostridium difficile infection in a Croatian University Hospital. Anaerobe30: 18–23.
-
(2014)
Anaerobe
, vol.30
, pp. 18-23
-
-
Novak, A.1
Spigaglia, P.2
Barbanti, F.3
Goic-Barisic, I.4
Tonkic, M.5
-
106
-
-
84900337483
-
Occurrence of Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotype 027 and it’s closely related PCR-ribotype 176 in hospitals in Poland in 2008–2010
-
P.Obuch-WoszczatyńskiD.LachowiczA.SchneiderA.MólJ.PawłowskaE.Ożdżeńska-Milke (2014) Occurrence of Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotype 027 and it’s closely related PCR-ribotype 176 in hospitals in Poland in 2008–2010. Anaerobe28: 13–17.
-
(2014)
Anaerobe
, vol.28
, pp. 13-17
-
-
Obuch-Woszczatyński, P.1
Lachowicz, D.2
Schneider, A.3
Mól, A.4
Pawłowska, J.5
Ożdżeńska-Milke, E.6
-
107
-
-
84863133284
-
Molecular and microbiological characterization of Clostridium difficile isolates from single, relapse, and reinfection cases
-
K.OkaT.OsakiT.HanawaS.KurataM.OkazakiT.Manzoku (2012) Molecular and microbiological characterization of Clostridium difficile isolates from single, relapse, and reinfection cases. J Clin Microbiol50: 915–921.
-
(2012)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.50
, pp. 915-921
-
-
Oka, K.1
Osaki, T.2
Hanawa, T.3
Kurata, S.4
Okazaki, M.5
Manzoku, T.6
-
108
-
-
84918571137
-
Clinical update for the diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection
-
E.OldfieldIVE.OldfieldIIID.Johnson (2014) Clinical update for the diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther5: 1–26.
-
(2014)
World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther
, vol.5
, pp. 1-26
-
-
Oldfield, E.1
Oldfield, E.2
Johnson, D.3
-
109
-
-
85140808319
-
-
Optimer Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (2011) Anti-Infective Drugs Advisory Committee Briefing Document: Dificid™ (fidaxomicin tablets) for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), also known as Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD), and for reducing the risk of recurrence when used for treatment of initial CDI. Available at: http://www.fda.gov/downloads/AdvisoryCommittees/CommitteesMeetingMaterials/Drugs/Anti-InfectiveDrugsAdvisoryCommittee/UCM249354.pdf (accessed 5 December 2015)
-
-
-
-
110
-
-
84861146093
-
High-resolution melting analysis of the single nucleotide polymorphism hot-spot region in the rpoB gene as an indicator of reduced susceptibility to rifaximin in Clostridium difficile
-
V.PecavarM.BlaschitzP.HufnaglJ.ZeinzingerA.FiedlerF.Allerberger (2012) High-resolution melting analysis of the single nucleotide polymorphism hot-spot region in the rpoB gene as an indicator of reduced susceptibility to rifaximin in Clostridium difficile. J Med Microbiol61: 780–785.
-
(2012)
J Med Microbiol
, vol.61
, pp. 780-785
-
-
Pecavar, V.1
Blaschitz, M.2
Hufnagl, P.3
Zeinzinger, J.4
Fiedler, A.5
Allerberger, F.6
-
112
-
-
84880717358
-
Characterization of swine isolates of Clostridium difficile in Spain: A potential source of epidemic multidrug resistant strains?
-
T.PeláezL.AlcaláJ.BlancoS.Álvarez-PérezM.MarínA.Martín-López (2013) Characterization of swine isolates of Clostridium difficile in Spain: A potential source of epidemic multidrug resistant strains?Anaerobe22: 45–49.
-
(2013)
Anaerobe
, vol.22
, pp. 45-49
-
-
Peláez, T.1
Alcalá, L.2
Blanco, J.3
Álvarez-Pérez, S.4
Marín, M.5
Martín-López, A.6
-
113
-
-
4444382260
-
Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in a region of Quebec from 1991–2003: a changing pattern disease severity
-
J.PépinM.ValiquetteM.AlaryP.VillemureA.PelletierK.Forget (2004) Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in a region of Quebec from 1991–2003: a changing pattern disease severity. CMAJ17: 466–472.
-
(2004)
CMAJ
, vol.17
, pp. 466-472
-
-
Pépin, J.1
Valiquette, M.2
Alary, M.3
Villemure, P.4
Pelletier, A.5
Forget, K.6
-
114
-
-
19344363493
-
Increasing risk of relapse after treatment of Clostridium difficile colitis in Quebec, Canada
-
J.PépinM.AlaryL.ValiquetteE.RaicheJ.RuelK.Fulop (2005a) Increasing risk of relapse after treatment of Clostridium difficile colitis in Quebec, Canada. Clin Infect Dis40: 1591–1597.
-
(2005)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.40
, pp. 1591-1597
-
-
Pépin, J.1
Alary, M.2
Valiquette, L.3
Raiche, E.4
Ruel, J.5
Fulop, K.6
-
115
-
-
27544511378
-
Mortality attributed to nosocomial Clostridium difficile-associated disease during an epidemic caused by a hypervirulent strain in Quebec
-
J.PépinM.ValiquetteB.Clossette (2005b) Mortality attributed to nosocomial Clostridium difficile-associated disease during an epidemic caused by a hypervirulent strain in Quebec. CMAJ173: 1037–1042.
-
(2005)
CMAJ
, vol.173
, pp. 1037-1042
-
-
Pépin, J.1
Valiquette, M.2
Clossette, B.3
-
116
-
-
0016175191
-
The chemical basis for the action of the vancomycin group of antibiotics
-
H.PerkinsM.Nieto (1974) The chemical basis for the action of the vancomycin group of antibiotics. Ann. N Y Acad Sci235: 348–363.
-
(1974)
Ann. N Y Acad Sci
, vol.235
, pp. 348-363
-
-
Perkins, H.1
Nieto, M.2
-
117
-
-
84881561545
-
Antimicrobial susceptibility of animal and human isolates of Clostridium difficile by broth microdilution
-
T.PiršJ.AvberšekI.ZdovcB.KrtA.AndlovicT.Lejko-Zupanc (2013) Antimicrobial susceptibility of animal and human isolates of Clostridium difficile by broth microdilution. J Med Microbiol62: 1478–1485.
-
(2013)
J Med Microbiol
, vol.62
, pp. 1478-1485
-
-
Pirš, T.1
Avberšek, J.2
Zdovc, I.3
Krt, B.4
Andlovic, A.5
Lejko-Zupanc, T.6
-
118
-
-
32044469434
-
Prevalence and association of PCR ribotypes of Clostridium difficile isolated from symptomatic patients from Warsaw with macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) type resistance
-
H.PituchJ.BrazierP.Obuch-WoszczatynskiD.WultanskaF.Meisel-MikolajczykM.Luczak (2006) Prevalence and association of PCR ribotypes of Clostridium difficile isolated from symptomatic patients from Warsaw with macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) type resistance. J Med Microbiol55: 207–213.
-
(2006)
J Med Microbiol
, vol.55
, pp. 207-213
-
-
Pituch, H.1
Brazier, J.2
Obuch-Woszczatynski, P.3
Wultanska, D.4
Meisel-Mikolajczyk, F.5
Luczak, M.6
-
119
-
-
62249195492
-
Clostridium difficile is no longer just a nosocomial infection or an infection of adults
-
H.Pituch (2009) Clostridium difficile is no longer just a nosocomial infection or an infection of adults. Int J Antimicrob Agents33(Suppl. 1): S42–S45.
-
(2009)
Int J Antimicrob Agents
, vol.33
, pp. S42-S45
-
-
Pituch, H.1
-
120
-
-
80053302369
-
Control of an outbreak of diarrhoea in a vascular surgery unit caused by a high-level clindamycin-resistant Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 106
-
L.RatnayakeJ.McEwenN.HendersonD.NathwaniG.PhillipsD.Brown (2011) Control of an outbreak of diarrhoea in a vascular surgery unit caused by a high-level clindamycin-resistant Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 106. J Hosp Infect79: 242–247.
-
(2011)
J Hosp Infect
, vol.79
, pp. 242-247
-
-
Ratnayake, L.1
McEwen, J.2
Henderson, N.3
Nathwani, D.4
Phillips, G.5
Brown, D.6
-
121
-
-
34848836638
-
Increase in Clostridium difficile-related mortality rates, United States, 1999–2004
-
M.RedelingsF.SorvilloL.Mascola (2007) Increase in Clostridium difficile-related mortality rates, United States, 1999–2004. Emerg Infect Dis13: 1417–1419.
-
(2007)
Emerg Infect Dis
, vol.13
, pp. 1417-1419
-
-
Redelings, M.1
Sorvillo, F.2
Mascola, L.3
-
123
-
-
84924580984
-
Comparison of Clostridium difficile isolates from individuals with recurrent and single episode of infection
-
C.RichardsonP.KimC.LeeA.BersenasJ.Weese (2015) Comparison of Clostridium difficile isolates from individuals with recurrent and single episode of infection. Anaerobe33: 105–108.
-
(2015)
Anaerobe
, vol.33
, pp. 105-108
-
-
Richardson, C.1
Kim, P.2
Lee, C.3
Bersenas, A.4
Weese, J.5
-
124
-
-
0035015178
-
Comparison of Tn5397 from Clostridium difficile, Tn916 from Enterococcus faecalis and the CW459tet(M) element from Clostridium perfringens shows that they have similar conjugation regions but different insertion and excision modules
-
A.RobertsP.JohanesenD.LyrasP.MullanyJ.Rood (2001) Comparison of Tn5397 from Clostridium difficile, Tn916 from Enterococcus faecalis and the CW459tet(M) element from Clostridium perfringens shows that they have similar conjugation regions but different insertion and excision modules. Microbiology147: 1243–1251.
-
(2001)
Microbiology
, vol.147
, pp. 1243-1251
-
-
Roberts, A.1
Johanesen, P.2
Lyras, D.3
Mullany, P.4
Rood, J.5
-
125
-
-
79960946351
-
Tn916-like genetic elements: a diverse group of modular mobile elements conferring antibiotic resistance
-
A.RobertsP.Mullany (2011) Tn916-like genetic elements: a diverse group of modular mobile elements conferring antibiotic resistance. FEMS Microbiol Rev35: 856–871.
-
(2011)
FEMS Microbiol Rev
, vol.35
, pp. 856-871
-
-
Roberts, A.1
Mullany, P.2
-
126
-
-
0028261536
-
Characterization of the genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in Clostridium difficile
-
M.RobertsL.McFarlandP.MullanyM.Mulligan (1994) Characterization of the genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in Clostridium difficile. J Antimicrob Chemother33: 419–429.
-
(1994)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.33
, pp. 419-429
-
-
Roberts, M.1
McFarland, L.2
Mullany, P.3
Mulligan, M.4
-
127
-
-
84876745069
-
Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection and risk factors for unfavorable clinical outcomes: results of a hospital-based study in Barcelona, Spain
-
D.Rodríguez-PardoB.AlmiranteR.BartoloméV.PomarB.MirelisF.Navarro (2013) Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection and risk factors for unfavorable clinical outcomes: results of a hospital-based study in Barcelona, Spain. J Clin Microbiol51: 1465–1473.
-
(2013)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.51
, pp. 1465-1473
-
-
Rodríguez-Pardo, D.1
Almirante, B.2
Bartolomé, R.3
Pomar, V.4
Mirelis, B.5
Navarro, F.6
-
128
-
-
45149116493
-
Clostridium difficile toxinotype V, ribotype 078, in animals and humans
-
M.RupnikA.WidmerO.ZimmermannC.EckertF.Barbut (2008) Clostridium difficile toxinotype V, ribotype 078, in animals and humans. J Clin Microbiol46: 2146.
-
(2008)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.46
, pp. 2146
-
-
Rupnik, M.1
Widmer, A.2
Zimmermann, O.3
Eckert, C.4
Barbut, F.5
-
129
-
-
85140803754
-
-
Salix Pharmaceuticals, Ltd (2003) posting date. Salix receives FDA notification that rifaximin amendment considered a complete response. Salix Pharmaceuticals, Raleigh, NC, 10 December. Available at: http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20031210005070/en/Salix-Receives-FDA-Notification-Rifamixin-Amendment-Considered (accessed 5 December 2015)
-
-
-
-
131
-
-
16944363424
-
Multicenter typing comparison of sporadic and outbreak Clostridium difficile isolates from geographically diverse hospitals
-
M.SamoreG.KillgoreS.JohnsonR.GoodmanJ.ShimL.Venkataraman (1997) Multicenter typing comparison of sporadic and outbreak Clostridium difficile isolates from geographically diverse hospitals. J Infect Dis176: 1233–1238.
-
(1997)
J Infect Dis
, vol.176
, pp. 1233-1238
-
-
Samore, M.1
Killgore, G.2
Johnson, S.3
Goodman, R.4
Shim, J.5
Venkataraman, L.6
-
132
-
-
34548580163
-
Antimicrobial phenotypes and molecular basis in clinical strains of Clostridium difficile
-
C.SchmidtB.LöfflerG.Ackermann (2007) Antimicrobial phenotypes and molecular basis in clinical strains of Clostridium difficile. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis59: 1–5.
-
(2007)
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
, vol.59
, pp. 1-5
-
-
Schmidt, C.1
Löffler, B.2
Ackermann, G.3
-
133
-
-
84863710720
-
Fidaxomicin attains high fecal concentrations with minimal plasma concentrations following oral administration in patients with Clostridium difficile infection
-
P.SearsD.CrookT.LouieM.MillerK.Weiss (2012) Fidaxomicin attains high fecal concentrations with minimal plasma concentrations following oral administration in patients with Clostridium difficile infection. Clin Infect Dis55(Suppl. 2): S116–S120.
-
(2012)
Clin Infect Dis
, vol.55
, pp. S116-S120
-
-
Sears, P.1
Crook, D.2
Louie, T.3
Miller, M.4
Weiss, K.5
-
134
-
-
33745550745
-
The multidrug-resistant human pathogen Clostridium difficile has a highly mobile, mosaic genome
-
M.SebaihiaB.WrenP.MullanyN.FairweatherN.MintonR.Stabler (2006) The multidrug-resistant human pathogen Clostridium difficile has a highly mobile, mosaic genome. Nat Genet38: 779–786.
-
(2006)
Nat Genet
, vol.38
, pp. 779-786
-
-
Sebaihia, M.1
Wren, B.2
Mullany, P.3
Fairweather, N.4
Minton, N.5
Stabler, R.6
-
135
-
-
84944809845
-
Predominance of PCR-ribotypes, 018 (smz) and 369 (trf) of Clostridium difficile in Japan: A potential relationship with other global circulating strains?
-
M.SenohH.KatoT.FukudaA.NiikawaY.HoriH.Hagiya (2015) Predominance of PCR-ribotypes, 018 (smz) and 369 (trf) of Clostridium difficile in Japan: A potential relationship with other global circulating strains?J Med Microbiol64: 1226–1236.
-
(2015)
J Med Microbiol
, vol.64
, pp. 1226-1236
-
-
Senoh, M.1
Kato, H.2
Fukuda, T.3
Niikawa, A.4
Hori, Y.5
Hagiya, H.6
-
136
-
-
84900823808
-
Detection of Clostridium difficile diarrhoea in Harare, Zimbabwe
-
C.SimangoS.Uladi (2014) Detection of Clostridium difficile diarrhoea in Harare, Zimbabwe. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg108: 354–357.
-
(2014)
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
, vol.108
, pp. 354-357
-
-
Simango, C.1
Uladi, S.2
-
137
-
-
84896447804
-
Antibiotics and hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection: update of systematic review and meta-analysis
-
C.SlimingsT.Riley (2014) Antibiotics and hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection: update of systematic review and meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother69: 881–891.
-
(2014)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.69
, pp. 881-891
-
-
Slimings, C.1
Riley, T.2
-
138
-
-
33749181734
-
New variants of the tet(M) gene in Clostridium difficile clinical isolates harbouring Tn916-like elements
-
P.SpigagliaF.BarbantiP.Mastrantonio (2006) New variants of the tet(M) gene in Clostridium difficile clinical isolates harbouring Tn916-like elements. J Antimicrob Chemother57: 1205–1209.
-
(2006)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.57
, pp. 1205-1209
-
-
Spigaglia, P.1
Barbanti, F.2
Mastrantonio, P.3
-
139
-
-
34547597919
-
Detection of a genetic linkage between genes coding for resistance to tetracycline and erythromycin in Clostridium difficile
-
P.SpigagliaF.BarbantiP.Mastrantonio (2007) Detection of a genetic linkage between genes coding for resistance to tetracycline and erythromycin in Clostridium difficile. Microb Drug Resist13: 90–95.
-
(2007)
Microb Drug Resist
, vol.13
, pp. 90-95
-
-
Spigaglia, P.1
Barbanti, F.2
Mastrantonio, P.3
-
140
-
-
45249087419
-
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Clostridium difficile isolates from a prospective study of C. difficile infections in Europe
-
P.SpigagliaF.BarbantiP.MastrantonioJ.BrazierF.BarbutM.Delmée (2008a) Fluoroquinolone resistance in Clostridium difficile isolates from a prospective study of C. difficile infections in Europe. J Med Microbiol57: 784–789.
-
(2008)
J Med Microbiol
, vol.57
, pp. 784-789
-
-
Spigaglia, P.1
Barbanti, F.2
Mastrantonio, P.3
Brazier, J.4
Barbut, F.5
Delmée, M.6
-
141
-
-
38649121471
-
Tetracycline resistance gene tet(W) in the pathogenic bacterium Clostridium difficile
-
P.SpigagliaF.BarbantiP.Mastrantonio (2008b) Tetracycline resistance gene tet(W) in the pathogenic bacterium Clostridium difficile. Antimicrob Agents Chemother52: 770–773.
-
(2008)
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
, vol.52
, pp. 770-773
-
-
Spigaglia, P.1
Barbanti, F.2
Mastrantonio, P.3
-
142
-
-
67049133062
-
Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro
-
P.SpigagliaF.BarbantiT.LouieF.BarbutP.Mastrantonio (2009) Molecular analysis of the gyrA and gyrB quinolone resistance-determining regions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Clostridium difficile mutants selected in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother53: 2463–2468.
-
(2009)
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
, vol.53
, pp. 2463-2468
-
-
Spigaglia, P.1
Barbanti, F.2
Louie, T.3
Barbut, F.4
Mastrantonio, P.5
-
143
-
-
77955433596
-
Clostridium difficile isolates resistant to fluoroquinolones in Italy: emergence of PCR ribotype 018
-
P.SpigagliaF.BarbantiA.DionisiP.Mastrantonio (2010) Clostridium difficile isolates resistant to fluoroquinolones in Italy: emergence of PCR ribotype 018. J Clin Microbiol48: 2892–2896.
-
(2010)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.48
, pp. 2892-2896
-
-
Spigaglia, P.1
Barbanti, F.2
Dionisi, A.3
Mastrantonio, P.4
-
144
-
-
80052882560
-
Multidrug resistance in European Clostridium difficile clinical isolates
-
P.SpigagliaF.BarbantiP.Mastrantoniofor the European Study Group on Clostridium difficile (ESGCD) (2011) Multidrug resistance in European Clostridium difficile clinical isolates. J Antimicrob Chemother66: 2227–2234.
-
(2011)
J Antimicrob Chemother
, vol.66
, pp. 2227-2234
-
-
Spigaglia, P.1
Barbanti, F.2
Mastrantonio, P.3
-
145
-
-
85140806308
-
-
Spigaglia, P., Barbanti, F., Morandi, M., Moro, M. and Mastrantonio, P. (2015) Diagnostic testing for Clostridium difficile in Italian microbiological laboratories. Anaerobe, in press. DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2015.11.002
-
Spigaglia, P., Barbanti, F., Morandi, M., Moro, M. and Mastrantonio, P. (2015) Diagnostic testing for Clostridium difficile in Italian microbiological laboratories. Anaerobe, in press. DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2015.11.002
-
-
-
-
147
-
-
84922724145
-
Antibiotic resistance patterns and PCR-ribotyping of Clostridium difficile strains isolated from swine and dogs in Italy
-
P.SpigagliaI.DrigoF.BarbantiP.MastrantonioL.BanoC.Bacchin (2015) Antibiotic resistance patterns and PCR-ribotyping of Clostridium difficile strains isolated from swine and dogs in Italy. Anaerobe31: 42–46.
-
(2015)
Anaerobe
, vol.31
, pp. 42-46
-
-
Spigaglia, P.1
Drigo, I.2
Barbanti, F.3
Mastrantonio, P.4
Bano, L.5
Bacchin, C.6
-
148
-
-
11144220934
-
Comparative analysis of Clostridium difficile clinical isolates belonging to different genetic lineages and time periods
-
P.SpigagliaP.Mastrantonio (2004) Comparative analysis of Clostridium difficile clinical isolates belonging to different genetic lineages and time periods. J Med Microbiol53: 1129–1136.
-
(2004)
J Med Microbiol
, vol.53
, pp. 1129-1136
-
-
Spigaglia, P.1
Mastrantonio, P.2
-
150
-
-
78049517194
-
A new macrocyclic antibiotic, fidaxomicin (OPT-80), causes less alteration to the bowel microbiota of Clostridium difficile-infected patients than does vancomycin
-
G.TannockK.MunroC.TaylorB.LawleyW.YoungB.Byrne (2010) A new macrocyclic antibiotic, fidaxomicin (OPT-80), causes less alteration to the bowel microbiota of Clostridium difficile-infected patients than does vancomycin. Microbiology156: 3354–3359.
-
(2010)
Microbiology
, vol.156
, pp. 3354-3359
-
-
Tannock, G.1
Munro, K.2
Taylor, C.3
Lawley, B.4
Young, W.5
Byrne, B.6
-
151
-
-
84861131759
-
Antimicrobial-resistant strains of Clostridium difficile from North America
-
F.TenoverI.TicklerD.Persing (2012) Antimicrobial-resistant strains of Clostridium difficile from North America. Antimicrob Agents Chemother56: 2929–2932.
-
(2012)
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
, vol.56
, pp. 2929-2932
-
-
Tenover, F.1
Tickler, I.2
Persing, D.3
-
152
-
-
84906751715
-
In vitro antibiotic susceptibility profile of Clostridium difficile excluding PCR ribotype 027 outbreak strain in Hungary
-
G.TerhesA.MaruyamaK.LatkóczyL.SzikraM.Konkoly-ThegeG.Princz (2014) In vitro antibiotic susceptibility profile of Clostridium difficile excluding PCR ribotype 027 outbreak strain in Hungary. Anaerobe30: 41–44.
-
(2014)
Anaerobe
, vol.30
, pp. 41-44
-
-
Terhes, G.1
Maruyama, A.2
Latkóczy, K.3
Szikra, L.4
Konkoly-Thege, M.5
Princz, G.6
-
153
-
-
84912046394
-
Clostridium difficile infection: update on diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment strategies
-
K.ToL.Napolitano (2014) Clostridium difficile infection: update on diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment strategies. Surg Infect15: 490–502.
-
(2014)
Surg Infect
, vol.15
, pp. 490-502
-
-
To, K.1
Napolitano, L.2
-
154
-
-
83755172954
-
Emergence of new PCR ribotypes from the hypervirulent Clostridium difficile 027 lineage
-
E.ValienteL.DawsonM.CairnsR.StablerB.Wren (2012) Emergence of new PCR ribotypes from the hypervirulent Clostridium difficile 027 lineage. J Med Microbiol61: 49–56.
-
(2012)
J Med Microbiol
, vol.61
, pp. 49-56
-
-
Valiente, E.1
Dawson, L.2
Cairns, M.3
Stabler, R.4
Wren, B.5
-
155
-
-
84861884807
-
Treatment failure and recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection following treatment with vancomycin or metronidazole: a systematic review of the evidence
-
K.VardakasK.PolyzosK.PatouniP.RafailidisG.SamonisM.Falagas (2012) Treatment failure and recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection following treatment with vancomycin or metronidazole: a systematic review of the evidence. Int J Antimicrob Agents40: 1–8.
-
(2012)
Int J Antimicrob Agents
, vol.40
, pp. 1-8
-
-
Vardakas, K.1
Polyzos, K.2
Patouni, K.3
Rafailidis, P.4
Samonis, G.5
Falagas, M.6
-
157
-
-
85140807967
-
-
Vuotto, C., Moura, I., Barbanti, F., Donelli, G., Spigaglia, P. (2015) Sub-inhibitory concentrations of metronidazole increase biofilm formation in Clostridium difficile strains. Pathog Dis, in press. DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv114
-
Vuotto, C., Moura, I., Barbanti, F., Donelli, G., Spigaglia, P. (2015) Sub-inhibitory concentrations of metronidazole increase biofilm formation in Clostridium difficile strains. Pathog Dis, in press. DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv114
-
-
-
-
159
-
-
33745447767
-
The conjugative transposon Tn5397 has a strong preference for integration into its Clostridium difficile target site
-
H.WangM.SmithP.Mullany (2006) The conjugative transposon Tn5397 has a strong preference for integration into its Clostridium difficile target site. J Bacteriol188: 4871–4878.
-
(2006)
J Bacteriol
, vol.188
, pp. 4871-4878
-
-
Wang, H.1
Smith, M.2
Mullany, P.3
-
160
-
-
84881589637
-
Clostridium difficile erm(B)-containing elements and the burden on the in vitro fitness
-
F.WaselsP.SpigagliaF.BarbantiP.Mastrantonio (2013) Clostridium difficile erm(B)-containing elements and the burden on the in vitro fitness. J Med Microbiol62: 1461–1467.
-
(2013)
J Med Microbiol
, vol.62
, pp. 1461-1467
-
-
Wasels, F.1
Spigaglia, P.2
Barbanti, F.3
Mastrantonio, P.4
-
161
-
-
84915733904
-
Inter- and intraspecies transfer of a Clostridium difficile conjugative transposon conferring resistance to MLSB
-
F.WaselsM.MonotP.SpigagliaF.BarbantiL.MaC.Bouchier (2014) Inter- and intraspecies transfer of a Clostridium difficile conjugative transposon conferring resistance to MLSB. Microb Drug Resist20: 555–560.
-
(2014)
Microb Drug Resist
, vol.20
, pp. 555-560
-
-
Wasels, F.1
Monot, M.2
Spigaglia, P.3
Barbanti, F.4
Ma, L.5
Bouchier, C.6
-
163
-
-
85041561113
-
Integration of erm(B)-containing elements through large chromosome fragment exchange in Clostridium difficile
-
F.WaselsP.SpigagliaF.BarbantiM.MonotL.VillaB.Dupuy (2015b) Integration of erm(B)-containing elements through large chromosome fragment exchange in Clostridium difficile. Mob Genet Elements1: 12–16.
-
(2015)
Mob Genet Elements
, vol.1
, pp. 12-16
-
-
Wasels, F.1
Spigaglia, P.2
Barbanti, F.3
Monot, M.4
Villa, L.5
Dupuy, B.6
-
164
-
-
84875932956
-
Molecular epidemiology and resistance profiles of Clostridium difficile in a tertiary care hospital in Spain
-
I.WeberE.RieraC.DénizJ.PérezA.OliverA.Mena (2013) Molecular epidemiology and resistance profiles of Clostridium difficile in a tertiary care hospital in Spain. Int J Med Microbiol303: 128–133.
-
(2013)
Int J Med Microbiol
, vol.303
, pp. 128-133
-
-
Weber, I.1
Riera, E.2
Déniz, C.3
Pérez, J.4
Oliver, A.5
Mena, A.6
-
167
-
-
0023681023
-
Molecular cloning and genetic analysis of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase determinant from Clostridium difficile
-
B.WrenP.MullanyC.ClaytonS.Tabaqchali (1988) Molecular cloning and genetic analysis of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase determinant from Clostridium difficile. Antimicrob Agents Chemother32: 1213–1217.
-
(1988)
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
, vol.32
, pp. 1213-1217
-
-
Wren, B.1
Mullany, P.2
Clayton, C.3
Tabaqchali, S.4
-
168
-
-
0024351862
-
Nucleotide sequence of a chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene from Clostridium difficile
-
B.WrenP.MullanyC.ClaytonS.Tabaqchali (1989) Nucleotide sequence of a chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene from Clostridium difficile. Nucleic Acids Res17: 4877.
-
(1989)
Nucleic Acids Res
, vol.17
, pp. 4877
-
-
Wren, B.1
Mullany, P.2
Clayton, C.3
Tabaqchali, S.4
-
169
-
-
0022382249
-
Antibiotic-associated colitis due to Clostridium difficile: double-blind comparison of vancomycin with bacitracin
-
G.YoungP.WardN.BayleyD.GordonG.HigginsJ.Trapani (1985) Antibiotic-associated colitis due to Clostridium difficile: double-blind comparison of vancomycin with bacitracin. Gastroenterology89: 1038–1045.
-
(1985)
Gastroenterology
, vol.89
, pp. 1038-1045
-
-
Young, G.1
Ward, P.2
Bayley, N.3
Gordon, D.4
Higgins, G.5
Trapani, J.6
-
170
-
-
84879641206
-
Macrocyclic drugs and synthetic methodologies toward macrocycles
-
X.YuD.Sun (2013) Macrocyclic drugs and synthetic methodologies toward macrocycles. Molecules18: 6230–6268.
-
(2013)
Molecules
, vol.18
, pp. 6230-6268
-
-
Yu, X.1
Sun, D.2
-
171
-
-
84910156532
-
Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of Clostridium difficile isolates: a single-center study
-
Y.ZhouC.BurnhamT.HinkL.ChenN.ShaikhA.Wollam (2014) Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of Clostridium difficile isolates: a single-center study. J Clin Microbiol52: 4260–4266.
-
(2014)
J Clin Microbiol
, vol.52
, pp. 4260-4266
-
-
Zhou, Y.1
Burnham, C.2
Hink, T.3
Chen, L.4
Shaikh, N.5
Wollam, A.6
|