Targeting histone deacetylases: A novel therapeutic strategy for atrial fibrillation

European Journal of Pharmacology

Volumn 781, Issue , 2016, Pages 250-257

  Lkhagva, Baigalmaa ^a   Kao, Yu Hsun ^a,b   Chen, Yao Chang ^c   Chao, Tze Fan ^d   Chen, Shih Ann ^d,e   Chen, Yi Jen ^a,b  

^a TAIPEI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^b TAIPEI MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^c NATIONAL DEFENSE MEDICAL CENTER   (Taiwan)

^d TAIPEI VETERANS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Taiwan)

^e NATIONAL YANG MING UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

Atrial fibrillation; HDAC inhibitors; Histone deacetylases; Non histone proteins

Indexed keywords

APICIDIN; BELINOSTAT; CHEMOKINE; CONNECTIVE TISSUE GROWTH FACTOR; CYTOKINE; ENTINOSTAT; HISTONE DEACETYLASE; HISTONE DEACETYLASE 1; HISTONE DEACETYLASE 2; HISTONE DEACETYLASE 6; HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR; KRUPPEL LIKE FACTOR 4; MICRORNA; MOCETINOSTAT; ROMIDEPSIN; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA1; TRICHOSTATIN A; VALPROIC ACID; VORINOSTAT;

ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; BLOOD TOXICITY; CALCIUM CURRENT; CHRONIC ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; COLLAGEN SYNTHESIS; FIBROGENESIS; HEART ATRIUM REMODELING; HEART FAILURE; HEART INFARCTION; HEART MUSCLE FIBROSIS; HEART PROTECTION; HEART VENTRICLE HYPERTROPHY; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PAROXYSMAL ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QT PROLONGATION; REVIEW; THROMBUS; ANIMAL; ENZYMOLOGY; METABOLISM; MOLECULARLY TARGETED THERAPY; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PROCEDURES; UNCERTAINTY;

ANIMALS; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITORS; HISTONE DEACETYLASES; HUMANS; MOLECULAR TARGETED THERAPY; UNCERTAINTY;

EID: 84963979424     PISSN: 00142999     EISSN: 18790712     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.04.034     Document Type: Review

References (98)

1. A. Abend, and I. Kehat Histone deacetylases as therapeutic targets - from cancer to cardiac disease Pharm. Ther. 147 2015 55 62
2. C.L. Antos, T.A. McKinsey, M. Dreitz, L.M. Hollingsworth, C.L. Zhang, K. Schreiber, H. Rindt, R.J. Gorczynski, and E.N. Olson Dose-dependent blockade to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by histone deacetylase inhibitors J. Biol. Chem. 278 2003 28930 28937
3. S.E. Aune, D.J. Herr, S.K. Mani, and D.R. Menick Selective inhibition of class I but not class IIb histone deacetylases exerts cardiac protection from ischemia reperfusion J. Mol. Cell Cardiol. 72 2014 138 145
4. S.E. Aune, D.J. Herr, C.J. Kutz, and D.R. Menick Histone deacetylases exert class-specific roles in conditioning the brain and heart against acute ischemic injury Front. Neurol. 6 2015 145
5. J. Backs, K. Song, S. Bezprozvannaya, S. Chang, and E.N. Olson CaM kinase II selectively signals to histone deacetylase 4 during cardiomyocyte hypertrophy J. Clin. Invest. 116 2006 1853 1864
6. P.J. Barnes, I.M. Adcock, and K. Ito Histone acetylation and deacetylation: importance in inflammatory lung diseases Eur. Respir. J. 25 2005 552 563
7. S.P. Barry, and P.A. Townsend What causes a broken heart-molecular insights into heart failure Int. Rev. Cell Mol. Biol. 284 2010 113 179
8. M.J. Barter, L. Pybus, G.J. Litherland, A.D. Rowan, I.M. Clark, D.R. Edwards, T.E. Cawston, and D.A. Young HDAC-mediated control of ERK- and PI3K-dependent TGF-beta-induced extracellular matrix-regulating genes Matrix Biol. 29 2010 602 612
9. J.M. Berry, D.J. Cao, B.A. Rothermel, and J.A. Hill Histone deacetylase inhibition in the treatment of heart disease Expert Opin. Drug Saf. 7 2008 53 67
10. 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIdelta and protein kinase D overexpression reinforce the histone deacetylase 5 redistribution in heart failure Circ. Res. 102 2008 695 702
11. E.I. Campos, and D. Reinberg Histones: annotating chromatin Annu. Rev. Genet. 43 2009 559 599
12. J.P. Cardinale, S. Sriramula, R. Pariaut, A. Guggilam, N. Mariappan, C.M. Elks, and J. Francis HDAC inhibition attenuates inflammatory, hypertrophic, and hypertensive responses in spontaneously hypertensive rats Hypertension 56 2010 437 444
13. M.A. Cavasin, K. Demos-Davies, T.R. Horn, L.A. Walker, D.D. Lemon, N. Birdsey, M.C.M. Weiser-Evans, J. Harral, D.C. Irwin, A. Anwar, M.E. Yeager, M. Li, P.A. Watson, R.A. Nemenoff, P.M. Buttrick, K.R. Stenmark, and T.A. McKinsey Selective class I histone deacetylase inhibition suppresses hypoxia-induced cardiopulmonary remodeling through an antiproliferative mechanism Circ. Res. 110 2012 739 748
14. Y.C. Chen, S.A. Chen, Y.J. Chen, C.T. Tai, P. Chan, and C.I. Lin T-type calcium current in electrical activity of cardiomyocytes isolated from rabbit pulmonary vein J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. 15 2004 567 571
15. J.S. Cho, Y.M. Moon, I.H. Park, J.Y. Um, J.H. Moon, S.J. Park, S.H. Lee, H.J. Kang, and H.M. Lee Epigenetic regulation of myofibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix production in nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts Clin. Exp. Allergy 42 2012 872 882
16. C. Choudhary, C. Kumar, F. Gnad, M.L. Nielsen, M. Rehman, T.C. Walther, J.V. Olsen, and M. Mann Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions Science 325 2009 834 840
17. D. Dobrev, and S. Nattel New antiarrhythmic drugs for treatment of atrial fibrillation Lancet 375 2010 1212 1223
18. D. Dobrev, L. Carlsson, and S. Nattel Novel molecular targets for atrial fibrillation therapy Nat. Rev. Drug. Disco. 11 2012 275 291
19. M. Dokmanovic, C. Clarke, and P.A. Marks Histone deacetylase inhibitors: overview and perspectives Mol. Cancer Res. 5 2007 981 989
20. R.F. Duisters, A.J. Tijsen, B. Schroen, J.J. Leenders, V. Lentink, I. van der Made, V. Herias, R.E. van Leeuwen, M.W. Schellings, P. Barenbrug, J.G. Maessen, S. Heymans, Y.M. Pinto, and E.E. Creemers miR-133 and miR-30 regulate connective tissue growth factor: implications for a role of microRNAs in myocardial matrix remodeling Circ. Res. 104 2009 170 178 176p following 178
21. M.S. Dzeshka, G.Y. Lip, V. Snezhitskiy, and E. Shantsila Cardiac fibrosis in patients with atrial fibrillation: mechanisms and clinical implications J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 66 2015 943 959
22. G.H. Eom, and H. Kook Posttranslational modifications of histone deacetylases: implications for cardiovascular diseases Pharm. Ther. 143 2014 168 180
23. D.M. Fass, R. Shah, B. Ghosh, K. Hennig, S. Norton, W.N. Zhao, S.A. Reis, P.S. Klein, R. Mazitschek, R.L. Maglathlin, T.A. Lewis, and S.J. Haggarty Effect of inhibiting histone deacetylase with short-chain carboxylic acids and their hydroxamic acid analogs on vertebrate development and neuronal chromatin ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 2 2010 39 42
24. B.S. Ferguson, and T.A. McKinsey Non-sirtuin histone deacetylases in the control of cardiac aging J. Mol. Cell Cardiol. 83 2015 14 20
25. B.S. Ferguson, B.C. Harrison, M.Y. Jeong, B.G. Reid, M.F. Wempe, F.F. Wagner, E.B. Holson, and T.A. McKinsey Signal-dependent repression of DUSP5 by class I HDACs controls nuclear ERK activity and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110 2013 9806 9811
26. P. Gallo, M.V. Latronico, S. Grimaldi, F. Borgia, M. Todaro, P. Jones, P. Gallinari, R. De Francesco, G. Ciliberto, C. Steinkuhler, G. Esposito, and G. Condorelli Inhibition of class I histone deacetylase with an apicidin derivative prevents cardiac hypertrophy and failure Cardiovasc. Res. 80 2008 416 424
27. G. Garcia-Manero, S. Assouline, J. Cortes, Z. Estrov, H. Kantarjian, H. Yang, W.M. Newsome, W.H. Miller Jr., C. Rousseau, A. Kalita, C. Bonfils, M. Dubay, T.A. Patterson, Z. Li, J.M. Besterman, G. Reid, E. Laille, R.E. Martell, and M. Minden Phase 1 study of the oral isotype specific histone deacetylase inhibitor MGCD0103 in leukemia Blood 112 2008 981 989
28. W. Glenisson, V. Castronovo, and D. Waltregny Histone deacetylase 4 is required for TGFbeta1-induced myofibroblastic differentiation Biochim. Biophys. Acta 10 2007 1572 1582
29. D.J. Glenn, F. Wang, S.C. Chen, M. Nishimoto, and D.G. Gardner Endothelin-stimulated human b-type natriuretic peptide gene expression is mediated by Yin Yang 1 in association with histone deacetylase 2 Hypertension 53 2009 549 555
30. M.A. Glozak, N. Sengupta, X. Zhang, and E. Seto Acetylation and deacetylation of non-histone proteins Gene 363 2005 15 23
31. A. Goette, and U. Lendeckel Electrophysiological effects of angiotensin II. Part I: signal transduction and basic electrophysiological mechanisms Europace 10 2008 238 241
32. A. Granger, I. Abdullah, F. Huebner, A. Stout, T. Wang, T. Huebner, J.A. Epstein, and P.J. Gruber Histone deacetylase inhibition reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice FASEB J. 22 2008 3549 3560
33. S. Gregoire, L. Xiao, J. Nie, X. Zhang, M. Xu, J. Li, J. Wong, E. Seto, and X.J. Yang Histone deacetylase 3 interacts with and deacetylates myocyte enhancer factor 2 Mol. Cell Biol. 27 2007 1280 1295
34. I.V. Gregoretti, Y.M. Lee, and H.V. Goodson Molecular evolution of the histone deacetylase family: functional implications of phylogenetic analysis J. Mol. Biol. 338 2004 17 31
35. M.P. Gupta, S.A. Samant, S.H. Smith, and S.G. Shroff HDAC4 and PCAF bind to cardiac sarcomeres and play a role in regulating myofilament contractile activity J. Biol. Chem. 283 2008 10135 10146
36. N. Hagiwara, H. Irisawa, and M. Kameyama Contribution of two types of calcium currents to the pacemaker potentials of rabbit sino-atrial node cells J. Physiol. 395 1988 233 253
37. Y. Hamamori, and M.D. Schneider HATs off to Hop: recruitment of a class I histone deacetylase incriminates a novel transcriptional pathway that opposes cardiac hypertrophy J. Clin. Investig. 112 2003 824 826
38. N. Hanna, S. Cardin, T.K. Leung, and S. Nattel Differences in atrial versus ventricular remodeling in dogs with ventricular tachypacing-induced congestive heart failure Cardiovasc. Res. 63 2004 236 244
39. R. Hewitson, J. Dargan, D. Collis, A. Green, N. Moorjani, S. Ohri, and P.A. Townsend Heart failure: the pivotal role of histone deacetylases Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 45 2013 448 453
40. Y.F. Hu, Y.J. Chen, Y.J. Lin, and S.A. Chen Inflammation and the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 12 2015 230 243
41. C. Hubbert, A. Guardiola, R. Shao, Y. Kawaguchi, A. Ito, A. Nixon, M. Yoshida, X.F. Wang, and T.P. Yao HDAC6 is a microtubule-associated deacetylase Nature 417 2002 455 458
42. A. Iyer, A. Fenning, J. Lim, G.T. Le, R.C. Reid, M.A. Halili, D.P. Fairlie, and L. Brown Antifibrotic activity of an inhibitor of histone deacetylases in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats Br. J. Pharm. 159 2010 1408 1417
43. C.T. January, L.S. Wann, J.S. Alpert, H. Calkins, J.E. Cigarroa, J.C. Cleveland Jr., J.B. Conti, P.T. Ellinor, M.D. Ezekowitz, M.E. Field, K.T. Murray, R.L. Sacco, W.G. Stevenson, P.J. Tchou, C.M. Tracy, and C.W. Yancy 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 64 2014 e1 e76
44. T. Jenuwein, and C.D. Allis Translating the histone code Science 293 2001 1074 1080
45. Y.H. Kao, J.P. Liou, C.C. Chung, G.S. Lien, C.C. Kuo, S.A. Chen, and Y.J. Chen Histone deacetylase inhibition improved cardiac functions with direct antifibrotic activity in heart failure Int. J. Cardiol. 168 2013 4178 4183
46. H.J. Kee, and H. Kook Roles and targets of class I and IIa histone deacetylases in cardiac hypertrophy J. Biomed. Biotechnol. 928326 2011 1 10
47. H.J. Kee, I.S. Sohn, K.I. Nam, J.E. Park, Y.R. Qian, Z. Yin, Y. Ahn, M.H. Jeong, Y.J. Bang, N. Kim, J.K. Kim, K.K. Kim, J.A. Epstein, and H. Kook Inhibition of histone deacetylation blocks cardiac hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II infusion and aortic banding Circulation 113 2006 51 59
48. Y. Kong, P. Tannous, G. Lu, K. Berenji, B.A. Rothermel, E.N. Olson, and J.A. Hill Suppression of class I and II histone deacetylases blunts pressure-overload cardiac hypertrophy Circulation 113 2006 2579 2588
49. H. Kook, J.J. Lepore, A.D. Gitler, M.M. Lu, W. Wing-Man Yung, J. Mackay, R. Zhou, V. Ferrari, P. Gruber, and J.A. Epstein Cardiac hypertrophy and histone deacetylase-dependent transcriptional repression mediated by the atypical homeodomain protein Hop J. Clin. Investig. 112 2003 863 871
50. H.Z. Lee, V.E. Kwitkowski, P.L. Del Valle, M.S. Ricci, H. Saber, B.A. Habtemariam, J. Bullock, E. Bloomquist, Y. Li Shen, X.H. Chen, J. Brown, N. Mehrotra, S. Dorff, R. Charlab, R.C. Kane, E. Kaminskas, R. Justice, A.T. Farrell, and R. Pazdur FDA approval: belinostat for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma Clin. Cancer Res. 21 2015 2666 2670
51. T.M. Lee, M.S. Lin, and N.C. Chang Inhibition of histone deacetylase on ventricular remodeling in infarcted rats Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 293 2007 H968 H977
52. L. Li, and X.J. Yang Tubulin acetylation: responsible enzymes, biological functions and human diseases Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 72 2015 4237 4255
53. Y. Li, B. Liu, H. Zhao, E.A. Sailhamer, E.Y. Fukudome, X. Zhang, T. Kheirbek, R.A. Finkelstein, G.C. Velmahos, M. deMoya, C.A. Hales, and H.B. Alam Protective effect of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid against LPS-induced septic shock in rodents Shock 32 2009 517 523
54. F. Liu, M.D. Levin, N.B. Petrenko, M.M. Lu, T. Wang, L.J. Yuan, A.L. Stout, J.A. Epstein, and V.V. Patel Histone-deacetylase inhibition reverses atrial arrhythmia inducibility and fibrosis in cardiac hypertrophy independent of angiotensin J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 45 2008 715 723
55. B. Lkhagva, S.L. Chang, Y.C. Chen, Y.H. Kao, Y.K. Lin, C.T.H. Chiu, S.A. Chen, and Y.J. Chen Histone deacetylase inhibition reduces pulmonary vein arrhythmogenesis through calcium regulation Int. J. Cardiol. 177 2014 982 989
56. A. Mal, M. Sturniolo, R.L. Schiltz, M.K. Ghosh, and M.L. Harter A role for histone deacetylase HDAC1 in modulating the transcriptional activity of MyoD: inhibition of the myogenic program EMBO J. 20 2001 1739 1753
57. B.S. Mann, J.R. Johnson, M.H. Cohen, R. Justice, and R. Pazdur FDA approval summary: vorinostat for treatment of advanced primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma Oncologist 12 2007 1247 1252
58. L. Mary-Rabine, A. Albert, T.D. Pham, A. Hordof, J.J. Fenoglio Jr., J.R. Malm, and M.R. Rosen The relationship of human atrial cellular electrophysiology to clinical function and ultrastructure Circ. Res. 52 1983 188 199
59. S.J. Matkovich, W. Wang, Y.Z. Tu, W.H. Eschenbacher, L.E. Dorn, G. Condorelli, A. Diwan, J.M. Nerbonne, and G.W. Dorn MicroRNA-133a protects against myocardial fibrosis and modulates electrical repolarization without affecting hypertrophy in pressure-overloaded adult hearts Circ. Res. 106 2010 166 175
60. T. Matsumura, T. Suzuki, K. Aizawa, Y. Munemasa, S. Muto, M. Horikoshi, and R. Nagai The deacetylase HDAC1 negatively regulates the cardiovascular transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 5 through direct interaction J. Biol. Chem. 280 2005 12123 12129
61. A.L. McGraw Romidepsin for the treatment of T-cell lymphomas Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm. 70 2013 1115 1122
62. T.A. McKinsey Targeting inflammation in heart failure with histone deacetylase inhibitors Mol. Med. 17 2011 434 441
63. T.A. McKinsey Therapeutic potential for HDAC inhibitors in the heart Annu. Rev. Pharm. Toxicol. 52 2012 303 319
64. F. Meng, M. Han, B. Zheng, C. Wang, R. Zhang, X.H. Zhang, and J.K. Wen All-trans retinoic acid increases KLF4 acetylation by inducing HDAC2 phosphorylation and its dissociation from KLF4 in vascular smooth muscle cells Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 387 2009 13 18
65. R.L. Montgomery, C.A. Davis, M.J. Potthoff, M. Haberland, J. Fielitz, X. Qi, J.A. Hill, J.A. Richardson, and E.N. Olson Histone deacetylases 1 and 2 redundantly regulate cardiac morphogenesis, growth, and contractility Genes Dev. 21 2007 1790 1802
66. S. Morin, F. Charron, L. Robitaille, and M. Nemer GATA-dependent recruitment of MEF2 proteins to target promoters EMBO J. 19 2000 2046 2055
67. R. Nagai, T. Suzuki, K. Aizawa, T. Shindo, and I. Manabe Significance of the transcription factor KLF5 in cardiovascular remodeling J. Thromb. Haemost. 3 2005 1569 1576
68. H. Nural-Guvener, L. Zakharova, L. Feehery, S. Sljukic, and M. Gaballa Anti-fibrotic effects of class I HDAC inhibitor, Mocetinostat is associated with IL-6/Stat3 signaling in ischemic heart failure Int. J. Mol. Sci. 16 2015 11482 11499
69. H.F. Nural-Guvener, L. Zakharova, J. Nimlos, S. Popovic, D. Mastroeni, and M.A. Gaballa HDAC class I inhibitor, Mocetinostat, reverses cardiac fibrosis in heart failure and diminishes CD90+cardiac myofibroblast activation Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair 7 2014 10
70. Olson, E.N., Backs, J., McKinsey, T.A., 2006. Control of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure by histone acetylation/deacetylation. Novartis Found Symp 274, 3-12; discussion 13-19, 152-155, 272-156.
71. L.G. Olsson, K. Swedberg, A. Ducharme, C.B. Granger, E.L. Michelson, J.J.V. McMurray, M. Puu, S. Yusuf, M.A. Pfeffer, and C. Investigators Atrial fibrillation and risk of clinical events in chronic heart failure with and without left ventricular systolic dysfunction - results from the Candesartan in Heart failure-Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and Morbidity (CHARM) program J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 47 2006 1997 2004
72. E. Orenes-Pinero, S. Montoro-Garcia, J.V. Patel, M. Valdes, F. Marin, and G.Y. Lip Role of microRNAs in cardiac remodelling: new insights and future perspectives Int. J. Cardiol. 167 2013 1651 1659
73. T.E. Owan, D.O. Hodge, R.M. Herges, S.J. Jacobsen, V.L. Roger, and M.M. Redfield Trends in prevalence and outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction N. Engl. J. Med. 355 2006 251 259
74. R.B. Parmigiani, W.S. Xu, G. Venta-Perez, H. Erdjument-Bromage, M. Yaneva, P. Tempst, and P.A. Marks HDAC6 is a specific deacetylase of peroxiredoxins and is involved in redox regulation Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105 2008 9633 9638
75. R.L. Piekarz, R. Frye, H.M. Prince, M.H. Kirschbaum, J. Zain, S.L. Allen, E.S. Jaffe, A. Ling, M. Turner, C.J. Peer, W.D. Figg, S.M. Steinberg, S. Smith, D. Joske, I. Lewis, L. Hutchins, M. Craig, A.T. Fojo, J.J. Wright, and S.E. Bates Phase 2 trial of romidepsin in patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma Blood 117 2011 5827 5834
76. H.M. Prince, M.J. Bishton, and S.J. Harrison Clinical studies of histone deacetylase inhibitors Clin. Cancer Res. 15 2009 3958 3969
77. L. Renaud, L.G. Harris, S.K. Mani, H. Kasiganesan, J.C. Chou, C.F. Baicu, A. Van Laer, A.W. Akerman, R.E. Stroud, J.A. Jones, M.R. Zile, and D.R. Menick HDACs regulate miR-133a expression in pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis Circ. Heart Fail 8 2015 1094 1104
78. P.G. Richardson, J.P. Laubach, S. Lonial, P. Moreau, S.S. Yoon, V.T. Hungria, M.A. Dimopoulos, M. Beksac, M. Alsina, and J.F. San-Miguel Panobinostat: a novel pan-deacetylase inhibitor for the treatment of relapsed or relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther. 15 2015 737 748
79. Q.C. Ryan, D. Headlee, M. Acharya, A. Sparreboom, J.B. Trepel, J. Ye, W.D. Figg, K. Hwang, E.J. Chung, A. Murgo, G. Melillo, Y. Elsayed, M. Monga, M. Kalnitskiy, J. Zwiebel, and E.A. Sausville Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of MS-275, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, in patients with advanced and refractory solid tumors or lymphoma J. Clin. Oncol. 23 2005 3912 3922
80. I. Savelieva, and A. John Camm Atrial fibrillation and heart failure: natural history and pharmacological treatment Europace 5 Suppl 1 2004 S5 S19
81. N. Sengupta, and E. Seto Regulation of histone deacetylase activities J. Cell. Biochem 93 2004 57 67
82. E.L. Strevel, D.J. Ing, and L.L. Siu Molecularly targeted oncology therapeutics and prolongation of the QT interval J. Clin. Oncol. 25 2007 3362 3371
83. V. Subramaniam, and G.Y. Lip Hypertension to heart failure: a pathophysiological spectrum relating blood pressure, drug treatments and stroke Expert Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther. 7 2009 703 713
84. M. Takebe, H. Oishi, K. Taguchi, Y. Aoki, M. Takashina, K. Tomita, H. Yokoo, Y. Takano, M. Yamazaki, and Y. Hattori Inhibition of histone deacetylases protects septic mice from lung and splenic apoptosis J. Surg. Res. 187 2014 559 570
85. H. Tao, J.J. Yang, W. Hu, K.H. Shi, and J. Li HDAC6 promotes cardiac fibrosis progression through suppressing RASSF1A expression Cardiology 133 2016 18 26
86. H. Tao, K.H. Shi, J.J. Yang, C. Huang, L.P. Liu, and J. Li Epigenetic regulation of cardiac fibrosis Cell Signal. 25 2013 1932 1938
87. A. Verdel, S. Curtet, M.P. Brocard, S. Rousseaux, C. Lemercier, M. Yoshida, and S. Khochbin Active maintenance of mHDA2/mHDAC6 histone-deacetylase in the cytoplasm Curr. Biol. 10 2000 747 749
88. S. Verheule, T. Sato, T.t. Everett, S.K. Engle, D. Otten, M. Rubart-von der Lohe, H.O. Nakajima, H. Nakajima, L.J. Field, and J.E. Olgin Increased vulnerability to atrial fibrillation in transgenic mice with selective atrial fibrosis caused by overexpression of TGF-beta1 Circ. Res. 94 2004 1458 1465
89. A. Villar-Garea, and M. Esteller Histone deacetylase inhibitors: understanding a new wave of anticancer agents Int. J. Cancer 112 2004 171 178
90. B. Wang, Y.H. Rao, M. Inoue, R. Hao, C.H. Lai, D. Chen, S.L. McDonald, M.C. Choi, Q. Wang, M.L. Shinohara, and T.P. Yao Microtubule acetylation amplifies p38 kinase signalling and anti-inflammatory IL-10 production Nat. Commun. 5 2014 3479
91. S.M. Williams, L. Golden-Mason, B.S. Ferguson, K.B. Schuetze, M.A. Cavasin, K. Demos-Davies, M.E. Yeager, K.R. Stenmark, and T.A. McKinsey Class I HDACs regulate angiotensin II-dependent cardiac fibrosis via fibroblasts and circulating fibrocytes J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 67 2014 112 125
92. M. Xie, and J.A. Hill HDAC-dependent ventricular remodeling Trends Cardiovasc. Med. 23 2013 229 235
93. W.S. Xu, R.B. Parmigiani, and P.A. Marks Histone deacetylase inhibitors: molecular mechanisms of action Oncogene 26 2007 5541 5552
94. X.J. Yang, and E. Seto Lysine acetylation: codified crosstalk with other posttranslational modifications Mol. Cell 31 2008 449 461
95. D.L. Zhang, C.T. Wu, X.Y. Qi, R.A.M. Meijering, F. Hoogstra-Berends, A. Tadevosyan, G.C. Deniz, S. Durdu, A.R. Akar, O.C.M. Sibon, S. Nattel, R.H. Henning, and B.J.J.M. Brundel Activation of histone deacetylase-6 induces contractile dysfunction through derailment of alpha-tubulin proteostasis in experimental and human atrial fibrillation Circulation 129 2014 346 358
96. L. Zhang, X. Qin, Y. Zhao, L. Fast, S. Zhuang, P. Liu, G. Cheng, and T.C. Zhao Inhibition of histone deacetylases preserves myocardial performance and prevents cardiac remodeling through stimulation of endogenous angiomyogenesis J. Pharm. Exp. Ther. 341 2012 285 293
97. L. Zhang, B. Chen, Y. Zhao, P.M. Dubielecka, L. Wei, G.J. Qin, Y.E. Chin, Y. Wang, and T.C. Zhao Inhibition of histone deacetylase-induced myocardial repair is mediated by c-kit in infarcted hearts J. Biol. Chem. 287 2012 39338 39348
98. T.C. Zhao, G. Cheng, L.X. Zhang, Y.T. Tseng, and J.F. Padbury Inhibition of histone deacetylases triggers pharmacologic preconditioning effects against myocardial ischemic injury Cardiovasc. Res. 76 2007 473 481