A meta-analysis of 120 246 individuals identifies 18 new loci for fibrinogen concentration

Human Molecular Genetics

Volumn 25, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 358-370

  De Vries, Paul S ^a   Chasman, Daniel I ^b,c   Sabater Lleal, Maria ^d   Chen, Ming Huei ^e,f   Huffman, Jennifer E ^f,g   Steri, Maristella ^j   Tang, Weihong ^k   Teumer, Alexander ^l   Marioni, Riccardo E ^h,m   Grossmann, Vera ⁿ   Hottenga, Jouke J ^p   Trompet, Stella ^q   Müller Nurasyid, Martina ^r,s,t   Zhao, Jing Hua ^u   Brody, Jennifer A ^v   Kleber, Marcus E ^w   Guo, Xiuqing ^x   Wang, Jie Jin ^y   Auer, Paul L ^z   Attia, John R ^aa,ab   Yanek, Lisa R ^ad   Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S ^ae,af,ag   Lahti, Jari ^ah,ai   Venturini, Cristina ^aj,ak   Tanaka, Toshiko ^al   Bielak, Lawrence F ^am   Joshi, Peter K ⁱ   Rocanin Arjo, Ares ^an,ao,ap   Kolcic, Ivana ^aq   Navarro, Pau ^g   Rose, Lynda M ^b   Oldmeadow, Christopher ^aa,ab   Riess, Helene ^r   Mazur, Johanna ⁿ   Basu, Saonli ^k   Goel, Anuj ^ar   Yang, Qiong ^f,as   Ghanbari, Mohsen ^a,at   Gonnekewillemsen, ^p   Rumley, Ann ^au   Fiorillo, Edoardo ^j   De Craen, Anton J M ^q   Grotevendt, Anne ^l   Scott, Robert ^u   Taylor, Kent D ^x   Delgado, Graciela E ^w   Yao, Jie ^x   Kifley, Annette ^y   Kooperberg, Charles ^av   Qayyum, Rehan ^ad   Lopez, Lornam ^h,aw,ax   Berentzen, Tina L ^ay   Räikkönen, Katri ^ah   Massimomangino, ^ak   Bandinelli, Stefania ^az   Peyser, Patricia A ^am   Wild, Sarah ⁱ   Trégouët, David Alexandre ^an,ao,ap   Wright, Alan F ^g   Marten, Jonathan ^g   Zemunik, Tatijana ^aq   Morrison, Alanna C ^ba   Sennblad, Bengt ^d   Tofler, Geoffrey ^y   De Maat, Moniek P M ^a   De Geus, Eco J C ^p,bb   Lowe, Gordon D ^au   Zoledziewska, Magdalena ^j   Sattar, Naveed ^bc   Binder, Harald ⁿ   Völker, Uwe ^l   Waldenberger, Melanie ^r   Khaw, Kay Tee ^u   Mcknight, Barbara ^v   Huang, Jie ^bd   Jenny, Nancy S ^be   Holliday, Elizabeth G ^ab   Qi, Lihong ^bf   Mcevoy, Mark G ^ab   Becker, Diane M ^ad   Starr, John M ^h   Sarin, Antti Pekka ^ah,bg   Hysi, Pirro G ^ak   Hernandez, Dena G ^al   Jhun, Min A ^am   Campbell, Harry ⁱ   Hamsten, Anders ^d   Sarin, Fernando ^a   Mcardle, Wendy L ^bh   Eline Slagboom, P ^q   Zeller, Tanja ^t,bi   Koenig, Wolfgang ^t,bj,bk   Psaty, Brucem ^v,bl   Haritunians, Talin ^bm   Liu, Jingmin ^av   Palotie, Aarno ^ah   Uitterlinden, André G ^a   Stott, David J ^au   Hofman, Albert ^a   Franco, Oscar H ^a   Polasek, Ozren ^i,aq   Rudan, Igor ⁱ   Morange, Pierre Emmanuel ^an,bn,bo   Wilson, James F ^g,i   Kardia, Sharon L R ^am   Ferrucci, Luigi ^al   Spector, Tim D ^ak   Eriksson, Johan G ^ah,ai,bg,bp   Hansen, Torben ^ae   Deary, Ian J ^h   Becker, Lewis C ^ad   Scott, Rodney J ^aa,ac   Mitchell, Paul ^y   März, Winfried ^w,bq,br   Wareham, Nick J ^u   Peters, Annette ^r,t   Greinacher, Andreas ^l   Wild, Philipp S ^n,o,t   Wouter Jukema, J ^q,bs,bt   Boomsma, Dorret I ^p   Hayward, Caroline ^g   Cucca, Francesco ^j   Tracy, Russell ^be   Watkins, Hugh ^ar   Reiner, Alex P ^v,av   Folsom, Aaron R ^k   Ridker, Paul M ^b,c   O'Donnell, Christopher J ^f,bu   Smith, Nicholas L ^v,au,bv   Strachan, David P ^bw   Dehghan, Abbas ^a   more..

^a ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^d KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^e BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^f NATIONAL HEART LUNG AND BLOOD INSTITUTE   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^h UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^j Milan Unit   (Italy)

^k UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^l UNIVERSITY MEDICINE GREIFSWALD   (Germany)

^m UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

ⁿ JOHANNES GUTENBERG UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^o UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER MAINZ   (Germany)

^p VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^q LEIDEN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^r INSTITUTE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY   (Germany)

^s UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^t DZHK GERMAN CENTRE FOR CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH   (Germany)

^u UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^v UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^w UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

^x UCLA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^y UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^z UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MILWAUKEE   (United States)

^aa HUNTER MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Australia)

^ab UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE   (Australia)

^ac UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE   (Australia)

^ad JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^ae Capital Region   (Denmark)

^af UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^ag GENTOFTE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^ah UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^ai FOLKHÄLSAN RESEARCH CENTER   (Finland)

^aj UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^ak KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^al NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING   (United States)

^am UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^an INSERM   (France)

^ao SORBONNE UNIVERSITÉ   (France)

^ap ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition   (France)

^aq UNIVERSITY OF SPLIT   (Croatia)

^ar UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^as BOSTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^at MASHHAD UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^au UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^av Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center   (United States)

^aw BEAUMONT HOSPITAL   (Ireland)

^ax UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN   (Ireland)

^ay The Capital Region   (Denmark)

^az SANTA MARIA ANNUNZIATA HOSPITAL   (Italy)

^ba UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS   (United States)

^bb VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^bc UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^bd WELLCOME TRUST SANGER INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

^be UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^bf UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^bg NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^bh UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

^bi UNIVERSITY HEART CENTER HAMBURG   (Germany)

^bj UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ULM   (Germany)

^bk TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF MUNICH   (Germany)

^bl CENTER FOR HEALTH STUDIES   (United States)

^bm CEDARS SINAI MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^bn TIMONE HOSPITAL   (France)

^bo AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITY   (France)

^bp HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL   (Finland)

^bq SYNLAB ACADEMY   (Germany)

^br MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF GRAZ   (Austria)

^bs Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research   (Netherlands)

^bt INTERUNIVERSITY CARDIOLOGY INSTITUTE OF THE NETHERLANDS   (Netherlands)

^bu MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^bv DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS   (United States)

^bw ST GEORGE'S UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FIBRINOGEN; INTERFERON REGULATORY FACTOR 1;

ARTICLE; EUROPEAN; FIBRINOGEN BLOOD LEVEL; GENE FREQUENCY; GENE LOCUS; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GENOME; HAPLOTYPE MAP; HUMAN; INDEL MUTATION; META ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; VARIANCE; X CHROMOSOME; ADULT; AGED; CAUCASIAN; CLINICAL TRIAL; FEMALE; GENETICS; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MULTICENTER STUDY; VERY ELDERLY;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; FIBRINOGEN; GENETIC LOCI; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY; HUMANS; INDEL MUTATION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE;

EID: 84960812388     PISSN: 09646906     EISSN: 14602083     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv454     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Davalos, D. and Akassoglou, K. (2012) Fibrinogen as a key regulator of inflammation in disease. Semin. Immunopathol., 34, 43-62.
2. Seebacher, V., Polterauer, S., Grimm, C., Husslein, H., Leipold, H., Hefler-Frischmuth, K., Tempfer, C., Reinthaller, A. and Hefler, L. (2010) The prognostic value of plasma fibrinogen levels in patients with endometrial cancer: a multi-centre trial. Br. J. Cancer, 102, 952-956.
3. Yapijakis, C., Bramos, A., Nixon, A.M., Ragos, V. and Vairaktaris, E. (2012) The interplay between hemostasis and malignancy: the oral cancer paradigm. Anticancer Res., 32, 1791-1800.
4. Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration; Kaptoge, S., Di Angelantonio, E., Pennells, L.,Wood, A.M.,White, I.R., Gao, P.,Walker,M., Thompson, A., Sarwar, N. et al. (2012) C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and cardiovascular disease prediction. N. Engl. J. Med., 367, 1310-1320.
5. Fibrinogen Studies Collaboration; Danesh, J., Lewington, S., Thompson, S.G., Lowe, G.D., Collins, R., Kostis, J.B., Wilson, A. C., Folsom, A.R.,Wu, K. et al. (2005) Plasma fibrinogen level and the risk of major cardiovascular diseases and nonvascular mortality: an individual participant meta-analysis. JAMA, 294, 1799-1809.
6. de Lange, M., Snieder, H., Ariens, R.A., Spector, T.D. and Grant, P.J. (2001) The genetics ofhaemostasis: a twinstudy. Lancet, 357, 101-105.
7. Souto, J.C., Almasy, L., Borrell, M., Gari, M., Martinez, E., Mateo, J., Stone, W.H., Blangero, J. and Fontcuberta, J. (2000) Genetic determinants of hemostasis phenotypes in Spanish families. Circulation, 101, 1546-1551.
8. Neijts, M., van Dongen, J., Kluft, C., Boomsma, D.I., Willemsen, G. and de Geus, E.J. (2013) Genetic architecture of the pro-inflammatory state in an extended twin-family design. Twin Res. Hum. Genet., 16, 931-940.
9. Danik, J.S., Pare, G., Chasman, D.I., Zee, R.Y., Kwiatkowski, D. J., Parker, A., Miletich, J.P. and Ridker, P.M. (2009) Novel loci, including those related to Crohn disease, psoriasis, and inflammation, identified in a genome-wide association study of fibrinogen in 17 686 women: the Women's Genome Health Study. Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet., 2, 134-141.
10. Dehghan, A., Yang, Q., Peters, A., Basu, S., Bis, J.C., Rudnicka, A.R., Kavousi, M., Chen, M.H., Baumert, J., Lowe, G.D. et al. (2009) Association of novel genetic loci with circulating fibrinogen levels: a genome-wide association study in 6 population-based cohorts. Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet., 2, 125-133.
11. Sabater-Lleal, M., Huang, J., Chasman, D., Naitza, S., Dehghan, A., Johnson, A.D., Teumer, A., Reiner, A.P., Folkersen, L., Basu, S. et al. (2013) Multiethnic meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in >100 000 subjects identifies 23 fibrinogen-associated loci but no strong evidence of a causal association between circulating fibrinogen and cardiovascular disease. Circulation, 128, 1310-1324.
12. Wassel, C.L., Lange, L.A., Keating, B.J., Taylor, K.C., Johnson, A. D., Palmer, C., Ho, L.A., Smith, N.L., Lange, E.M., Li, Y. et al. (2011) Association of genomic loci from a cardiovascular gene SNP array with fibrinogen levels in European Americans and African-Americans from six cohort studies: the Candidate Gene Association Resource (CARe). Blood, 117, 268-275.
13. Baumert, J., Huang, J., McKnight, B., Sabater-Lleal, M., Steri, M., Chu, A.Y., Trompet, S., Lopez, L.M., Fornage, M., Teumer, A. et al. (2014) No evidence for genome-wide interactions on plasma fibrinogen by smoking, alcohol consumption and body mass index: results from meta-analyses of 80,607 subjects. PLoS One, 9, e111156.
14. 1000 Genomes Project Consortium; Abecasis, G.R., Auton, A., Brooks, L.D., DePristo, M.A., Durbin, R.M., Handsaker, R.E., Kang, H.M., Marth, G.T. and McVean, G.A. (2012) An integrated map of genetic variation from 1,092 human genomes. Nature, 491, 56-65.
15. Wise, A.L., Gyi, L. and Manolio, T.A. (2013) eXclusion: toward integrating the X chromosome in genome-wide association analyses. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 92, 643-647.
16. Mostowy, S., Bonazzi, M., Hamon, M.A., Tham, T.N., Mallet, A., Lelek, M., Gouin, E., Demangel, C., Brosch, R., Zimmer, C. et al. (2010) Entrapment of intracytosolic bacteria by septin cagelike structures. Cell Host. Microbe, 8, 433-444.
17. Schwefel, D., Frohlich, C., Eichhorst, J.,Wiesner, B., Behlke, J., Aravind, L. and Daumke, O. (2010) Structural basis of oligomerization in septin-like GTPase of immunityassociated protein 2 (GIMAP2). Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 107, 20299-20304.
18. Ciucci, T. and Bosselut, R. (2014) Gimap and T cells: a matter of life or death. Eur. J. Immunol., 44, 348-351.
19. Zhang, L., Yang, Z., Ma, A., Qu, Y., Xia, S., Xu, D., Ge, C., Qiu, B., Xia, Q., Li, J. et al. (2014) Growth arrest and DNA damage 45G down-regulation contributes to Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation and cellular senescence evasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology, 59, 178-189.
20. Dudka, A.A., Sweet, S.M. and Heath, J.K. (2010) Signal transducers and activators of transcription-3 binding to the fibroblast growth factor receptor is activated by receptor amplification. Cancer Res., 70, 3391-3401.
21. Hiscott, J., Pitha, P., Genin, P., Nguyen, H., Heylbroeck, C., Mamane, Y., Algarte, M. and Lin, R. (1999) Triggering the interferon response: the role of IRF-3 transcription factor. J. Interferon Cytokine Res., 19, 1-13.
22. Schindler, C., Levy, D.E. and Decker, T. (2007) JAK-STAT signaling: from interferons to cytokines. J. Biol. Chem., 282, 20059-20063.
23. Perez-Garcia, A., Ambesi-Impiombato, A., Hadler, M., Rigo, I., LeDuc, C.A., Kelly, K., Jalas, C., Paietta, E., Racevskis, J., Rowe, J. M. et al. (2013) Genetic loss of SH2B3 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood, 122, 2425-2432.
24. Chang, Y.J., Chen, K.W., Chen, C.J., Lin, M.H., Sun, Y.J., Lee, J.L., Chiu, I.M. and Chen, L. (2014) SH2B1beta interacts with STAT3 and enhances fibroblast growth factor 1-induced gene expression during neuronal differentiation. Mol. Cell. Biol., 34, 1003-1019.
25. Huffman, J.E., de Vries, P.S., Morrison, A.C., Sabater-Lleal, M., Kacprowski, T., Auer, P.L., Brody, J.A., Chasman, D.I., Chen, M. H., Guo, X. et al. (2015) Rare and low-frequency variants and their association with plasma levels of fibrinogen, FVII, FVIII, and vWF. Blood, 126, e19-e29.
26. Ek, J., Rose, C.S., Jensen, D.P., Glumer, C., Borch-Johnsen, K., Jorgensen, T., Pedersen, O. and Hansen, T. (2005) The functional Thr130Ile and Val255Met polymorphisms of the hepatocyte nuclear factor-4alpha (HNF4A): gene associations with type 2 diabetes or altered beta-cell function among Danes. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 90, 3054-3059.
27. Dickson, S.P., Wang, K., Krantz, I., Hakonarson, H. and Goldstein, D.B. (2010) Rare variants create synthetic genomewide associations. PLoS Biol., 8, e1000294.
28. Wray, N.R., Purcell, S.M. and Visscher, P.M. (2011) Synthetic associations created by rare variants do not explain most GWAS results. PLoS Biol., 9, e1000579.
29. Brennan, S.O., Fellowes, A.P., Faed, J.M. and George, P.M. (2000) Hypofibrinogenemia in an individual with 2 coding (gamma82 A->G and Bbeta235 P->L) and 2 noncoding mutations. Blood, 95, 1709-1713.
30. Ivaskevicius, V., Jusciute, E., Steffens, M., Geisen, C., Hanfland, P., Wienker, T.F., Seifried, E. and Oldenburg, J. (2005) gammaAla82Gly represents a common fibrinogen gammachain variant in Caucasians. Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis, 16, 205-208.
31. Wyatt, J., Brennan, S.O., May, S. and George, P.M. (2000) Hypofibrinogenaemia with compound heterozygosity for two gamma chain mutations-gamma 82 Ala->Gly and an intron two GT->AT splice site mutation. Thromb. Haemost., 84, 449-452.
32. DIAbetes Genetics Replication and Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM) Consortium; Asian Genetic Epidemiology Network Type 2 Diabetes (AGEN-T2D) Consortium; South Asian Type 2 Diabetes (SAT2D) Consortium; Mexican American Type 2 Diabetes (MAT2D) Consortium; Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Exploration by Nex-generation sequencing in muylti-Ethnic Samples (T2D-GENES) Consortium; Mahajan, A., Go, M.J., Zhang, W., Below, J.E., Gaulton, K.J. et al. (2014) Genomewide trans-ancestry meta-analysis provides insight into the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes susceptibility. Nat. Genet., 46, 234-244.
33. Skol, A.D., Scott, L.J., Abecasis, G.R. and Boehnke, M. (2006) Joint analysis is more efficient than replication-based analysis for two-stage genome-wide association studies. Nat. Genet., 38, 209-213.
34. Skeppholm, M., Wallen, N.H., Blomback, M. and Kallner, A. (2008) Can both EDTA and citrate plasma samples be used in measurements of fibrinogen and C-reactive protein concentrations? Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 46, 1175-1179.
35. Peters, S.A.,Woodward, M., Rumley, A., Koenig,W., Tunstall-Pedoe, H. and Lowe, G.D. (2013) Direct comparisons of three alternative plasma fibrinogen assays with the von Clauss assay in prediction of cardiovascular disease and all-causes mortality: the Scottish Heart Health Extended Cohort. Br. J. Haematol., 162, 392-399.
36. Psaty, B.M., O'Donnell, C.J., Gudnason, V., Lunetta, K.L., Folsom, A.R., Rotter, J.I., Uitterlinden, A.G., Harris, T.B.,Witteman, J.C., Boerwinkle, E. et al. (2009) Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium: design of prospective meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies from 5 cohorts. Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet., 2, 73-80.
37. Howie, B.N., Donnelly, P. and Marchini, J. (2009) A flexible and accurate genotype imputation method for the next generation of genome-wide association studies. PLoS Genet., 5, e1000529.
38. Li, Y., Willer, C., Sanna, S. and Abecasis, G. (2009) Genotype imputation. Annu. Rev. Genomics Hum. Genet., 10, 387-406.
39. Li, Y., Willer, C.J., Ding, J., Scheet, P. and Abecasis, G.R. (2010) MaCH: using sequence and genotype data to estimate haplotypes and unobserved genotypes. Genet. Epidemiol., 34, 816-834.
40. Willer, C.J., Li, Y. and Abecasis, G.R. (2010) METAL: fast and efficient meta-analysis of genomewide association scans. Bioinformatics, 26, 2190-2191.
41. Huang, J., Ellinghaus, D., Franke, A., Howie, B. and Li, Y. (2012) 1000 Genomes-based imputation identifies novel and refined associations for the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium Phase 1 Data. Eur. J. Hum. Genet., 20, 801-805.
42. Wang, K., Li, M. and Hakonarson, H. (2010) ANNOVAR: functional annotation of genetic variants from high-throughput sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res., 38, e164.
43. Magi, R., Lindgren, C.M. and Morris, A.P. (2010) Meta-analysis of sex-specific genome-wide association studies. Genet. Epidemiol., 34, 846-853.
44. Magi, R. and Morris, A.P. (2010) GWAMA: software for genome-wide association meta-analysis. BMC Bioinformatics, 11, 288.
45. Gusev, A., Bhatia, G., Zaitlen, N., Vilhjalmsson, B.J., Diogo, D., Stahl, E.A., Gregersen, P.K.,Worthington, J., Klareskog, L., Raychaudhuri, S. et al. (2013) Quantifying missing heritability at known GWAS loci. PLoS Genet., 9, e1003993.
46. Yang, J., Ferreira, T., Morris, A.P., Medland, S.E., Genetic Investigation of ANthropometric Traits (GIANT) Consortium; DIAbetes Genetics Replication And Meta-analysis (DIAGRAM) Consortium; Madden, P.A., Heath, A.C., Martin, N.G., Montgomery, G.W. et al. (2012) Conditional and joint multiple-SNP analysis of GWAS summary statistics identifies additional variants influencing complex traits. Nat. Genet., 44, 369-375, S361-363.
47. Yang, J., Lee, S.H., Goddard, M.E. and Visscher, P.M. (2011) GCTA: a tool for genome-wide complex trait analysis. Am. J. Hum.Genet., 88, 76-82.
48. Hofman, A., Brusselle, G.G., Darwish Murad, S., van Duijn, C. M., Franco, O.H., Goedegebure, A., Ikram, M.A., Klaver, C.C., Nijsten, T.E., Peeters, R.P. et al. (2015) The Rotterdam Study:2016 objectives and design update. Eur. J. Epidemiol., 30, 661-708.
49. Welter, D., MacArthur, J., Morales, J., Burdett, T., Hall, P., Junkins, H., Klemm, A., Flicek, P., Manolio, T., Hindorff, L. et al. (2014) The NHGRI GWAS Catalog, a curated resource of SNPtrait associations. Nucleic Acids Res., 42, D1001-D1006.
50. Westra, H.J., Peters, M.J., Esko, T., Yaghootkar, H., Schurmann, C., Kettunen, J., Christiansen, M.W., Fairfax, B.P., Schramm, K., Powell, J.E. et al. (2013) Systematic identification of trans eQTLs as putative drivers of known disease associations. Nat. Genet., 45, 1238-1243.
51. Ward, L.D. and Kellis, M. (2012) HaploReg: a resource for exploring chromatin states, conservation, and regulatory motif alterations within sets of genetically linked variants. Nucleic Acids Res., 40, D930-D934.
52. Encode Project Consortium. (2012) An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome. Nature, 489, 57-74.
53. Ghanbari, M., de Vries, P.S., de Looper, H., Peters, M.J., Schurmann, C., Yaghootkar, H., Dorr, M., Frayling, T.M., Uitterlinden, A.G., Hofman, A. et al. (2014) A genetic variant in the seed region of miR-4513 shows pleiotropic effects on lipid and glucose homeostasis, blood pressure, and coronary artery disease. Hum. Mutat., 35, 1524-1531.
54. Ghanbari, M., Franco, O.H., de Looper, H., Hofman, A., Erkeland, S. and Dehghan, A. (2015) Genetic variations in miRNA binding sites affect miRNA-mediated regulation of several genes associated with cardiometabolic Phenotypes. Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet, 8, 473-486.
55. Ghanbari, M., Sedaghat, S., de Looper, H.W., Hofman, A., Erkeland, S.J., Franco, O.H. and Dehghan, A. (2015) The association of common polymorphisms in miR-196a2 with waist to hip ratio and miR-1908 with serum lipid and glucose. Obesity (Silver Spring), 23, 495-503.
56. Ridker, P.M., Chasman, D.I., Zee, R.Y., Parker, A., Rose, L., Cook, N.R. and Buring, J.E. and Women's Genome Health Study Working, G. (2008) Rationale, design, and methodology of theWomen's Genome Health Study: a genome-wide association study of more than 25,000 initially healthy American women. Clin. Chem., 54, 249-255.