메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 204, Issue , 2015, Pages 116-124

Principle and application of low energy inverse photoemission spectroscopy: A new method for measuring unoccupied states of organic semiconductors

Author keywords

Electron affinity; Low energy inverse photoemission spectroscopy; Organic semiconductor; Unoccupied state

Indexed keywords

DAMAGE DETECTION; ELECTRON AFFINITY; ELECTRONS; KINETIC ENERGY; KINETICS; PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTONS; SEMICONDUCTING ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; STRONTIUM COMPOUNDS;

EID: 84942506085     PISSN: 03682048     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.elspec.2015.07.003     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (82)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 0011336568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy level alignment and interfacial electronic structures at organic metal and organic organic interfaces
    • H. Ishii, K. Sugiyama, E. Ito, and K. Seki Energy level alignment and interfacial electronic structures at organic metal and organic organic interfaces Adv. Mater. 11 1999 605 625
    • (1999) Adv. Mater. , vol.11 , pp. 605-625
    • Ishii, H.1    Sugiyama, K.2    Ito, E.3    Seki, K.4
  • 2
    • 66149149792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy-level alignment at organic/metal and organic/organic interfaces
    • S. Braun, W.R. Salaneck, and M. Fahlman Energy-level alignment at organic/metal and organic/organic interfaces Adv. Mater. 21 2009 1450 1472
    • (2009) Adv. Mater. , vol.21 , pp. 1450-1472
    • Braun, S.1    Salaneck, W.R.2    Fahlman, M.3
  • 3
    • 56249083864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron spectroscopy of functional organic thin films: Deep insights into valence electronic structure in relation to charge transport property
    • N. Ueno, and S. Kera Electron spectroscopy of functional organic thin films: deep insights into valence electronic structure in relation to charge transport property Prog. Surf. Sci. 83 2008 490 557
    • (2008) Prog. Surf. Sci. , vol.83 , pp. 490-557
    • Ueno, N.1    Kera, S.2
  • 5
    • 33747773907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of experimental methods for determining the electronic structure of organic materials
    • K. Seki, and K. Kanai Development of experimental methods for determining the electronic structure of organic materials Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. 455 2006 145 181
    • (2006) Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. , vol.455 , pp. 145-181
    • Seki, K.1    Kanai, K.2
  • 6
    • 84898046285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring the electron affinity of organic solids: An indispensable new tool for organic electronics
    • H. Yoshida Measuring the electron affinity of organic solids: an indispensable new tool for organic electronics Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 406 2014 2231 2237
    • (2014) Anal. Bioanal. Chem. , vol.406 , pp. 2231-2237
    • Yoshida, H.1
  • 7
    • 0000694867 scopus 로고
    • Inverse photoemission of pyridine on silver(111)
    • A. Otto, K.H. Frank, and B. Reihl Inverse photoemission of pyridine on silver(111) Surf. Sci. 163 1985 140 152
    • (1985) Surf. Sci. , vol.163 , pp. 140-152
    • Otto, A.1    Frank, K.H.2    Reihl, B.3
  • 8
    • 0002013488 scopus 로고
    • Electron-affinity levels of benzene and azabenzenes on Cu(111) and Au(110) revealed by inverse photoemission
    • K.H. Frank, R. Dudde, and E.E. Koch Electron-affinity levels of benzene and azabenzenes on Cu(111) and Au(110) revealed by inverse photoemission Chem. Phys. Lett. 132 1986 83 87
    • (1986) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.132 , pp. 83-87
    • Frank, K.H.1    Dudde, R.2    Koch, E.E.3
  • 9
    • 23144436425 scopus 로고
    • Unoccupied molecular-orbitals of aromatic-hydrocarbons adsorbed on Ag(111)
    • K.H. Frank, P. Yannoulis, R. Dudde, and E.E. Koch Unoccupied molecular-orbitals of aromatic-hydrocarbons adsorbed on Ag(111) J. Chem. Phys. 89 1988 7569 7576
    • (1988) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.89 , pp. 7569-7576
    • Frank, K.H.1    Yannoulis, P.2    Dudde, R.3    Koch, E.E.4
  • 10
    • 0026412485 scopus 로고
    • Electronic-structure and orientation of anthracene on Ag(111)
    • P. Yannoulis, K.H. Frank, and E.E. Koch Electronic-structure and orientation of anthracene on Ag(111) Surf. Sci. 241 1991 325 334
    • (1991) Surf. Sci. , vol.241 , pp. 325-334
    • Yannoulis, P.1    Frank, K.H.2    Koch, E.E.3
  • 11
    • 0002957540 scopus 로고
    • Complete electronic-structure of oriented films of hexatriacontane
    • R. Dudde, and B. Reihl Complete electronic-structure of oriented films of hexatriacontane Chem. Phys. Lett. 196 1992 91 96
    • (1992) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.196 , pp. 91-96
    • Dudde, R.1    Reihl, B.2
  • 12
    • 0031547186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemistry and electronic properties of metal contacts on an organic molecular semiconductor
    • Y. Hirose, C.I. Wu, V. Aristov, P. Soukiassian, and A. Kahn Chemistry and electronic properties of metal contacts on an organic molecular semiconductor Appl. Surf. Sci. 113 1997 291 298
    • (1997) Appl. Surf. Sci. , vol.113 , pp. 291-298
    • Hirose, Y.1    Wu, C.I.2    Aristov, V.3    Soukiassian, P.4    Kahn, A.5
  • 13
    • 0031580095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron-hole interaction energy in the organic molecular semiconductor PTCDA
    • C.I. Wu, Y. Hirose, H. Sirringhaus, and A. Kahn Electron-hole interaction energy in the organic molecular semiconductor PTCDA Chem. Phys. Lett. 272 1997 43 47
    • (1997) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.272 , pp. 43-47
    • Wu, C.I.1    Hirose, Y.2    Sirringhaus, H.3    Kahn, A.4
  • 14
    • 0000171262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photoemission and inverse photoemission studies on a thin film of N,N′-dimethylperylene-3,4,9,10-bis(dicarboximide)
    • N. Sato, H. Yoshida, and K. Tsutsumi Photoemission and inverse photoemission studies on a thin film of N,N′-dimethylperylene-3,4,9,10-bis(dicarboximide) J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 88 1998 861 865
    • (1998) J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. , vol.88 , pp. 861-865
    • Sato, N.1    Yoshida, H.2    Tsutsumi, K.3
  • 15
    • 3342993459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thickness dependence of the LUMO position for phthalocyanines on hydrogen passivated silicon (111)
    • M. Gorgoi, W. Michaelis, T.U. Kampen, D. Schlettwein, and D.R.T. Zahn Thickness dependence of the LUMO position for phthalocyanines on hydrogen passivated silicon (111) Appl. Surf. Sci. 234 2004 138 143
    • (2004) Appl. Surf. Sci. , vol.234 , pp. 138-143
    • Gorgoi, M.1    Michaelis, W.2    Kampen, T.U.3    Schlettwein, D.4    Zahn, D.R.T.5
  • 16
    • 49349105389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of transport levels of organic semiconductors by UPS and IPS
    • S. Krause, M.B. Casu, A. Scholl, and E. Umbach Determination of transport levels of organic semiconductors by UPS and IPS New J. Phys. 10 2008 085001
    • (2008) New J. Phys. , vol.10 , pp. 085001
    • Krause, S.1    Casu, M.B.2    Scholl, A.3    Umbach, E.4
  • 17
    • 41349119800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • - studied by ultraviolet photoemission, inverse photoemission, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopies
    • - studied by ultraviolet photoemission, inverse photoemission, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopies Chem. Phys. Lett. 455 2008 213 217
    • (2008) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.455 , pp. 213-217
    • Nishi, T.1    Iwahashi, T.2    Yamane, H.3    Ouchi, Y.4    Kanai, K.5    Seki, K.6
  • 18
    • 0037031354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unoccupied electronic states in a hexatriacontane thin film studied by inverse photoemission spectroscopy
    • K. Tsutsumi, H. Yoshida, and N. Sato Unoccupied electronic states in a hexatriacontane thin film studied by inverse photoemission spectroscopy Chem. Phys. Lett. 361 2002 367 373
    • (2002) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.361 , pp. 367-373
    • Tsutsumi, K.1    Yoshida, H.2    Sato, N.3
  • 19
    • 84893122873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of inverse photoemission spectroscopy measurements on regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) films
    • Z. Li, S.Q. Sun, X. Li, and R. Schlaf The impact of inverse photoemission spectroscopy measurements on regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) films Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 2014 021606
    • (2014) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.104 , pp. 021606
    • Li, Z.1    Sun, S.Q.2    Li, X.3    Schlaf, R.4
  • 20
    • 33747068008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The transport gap of organic semiconductors studied using the combination of direct and inverse photoemission
    • D.R.T. Zahn, G.N. Gavrila, and M. Gorgoi The transport gap of organic semiconductors studied using the combination of direct and inverse photoemission Chem. Phys. 325 2006 99 112
    • (2006) Chem. Phys. , vol.325 , pp. 99-112
    • Zahn, D.R.T.1    Gavrila, G.N.2    Gorgoi, M.3
  • 21
    • 33747809381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frontier electronic structures in fluorinated copper phthalocyanine thin films studied using ultraviolet and inverse photoemission spectroscopies
    • R. Murdey, N. Sato, and M. Bouvet Frontier electronic structures in fluorinated copper phthalocyanine thin films studied using ultraviolet and inverse photoemission spectroscopies Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. 455 2006 211 218
    • (2006) Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. , vol.455 , pp. 211-218
    • Murdey, R.1    Sato, N.2    Bouvet, M.3
  • 22
    • 0035545846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unoccupied electronic states of 3d-transition metal phthalocyanines (MPc: M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) studied by inverse photoemission spectroscopy
    • H. Yoshida, K. Tsutsumi, and N. Sato Unoccupied electronic states of 3d-transition metal phthalocyanines (MPc: M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) studied by inverse photoemission spectroscopy J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 121 2001 83 91
    • (2001) J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. , vol.121 , pp. 83-91
    • Yoshida, H.1    Tsutsumi, K.2    Sato, N.3
  • 23
    • 4243721498 scopus 로고
    • New probe for unoccupied bands at surfaces
    • J.B. Pendry New probe for unoccupied bands at surfaces Phys. Rev. Lett. 45 1980 1356 1358
    • (1980) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.45 , pp. 1356-1358
    • Pendry, J.B.1
  • 24
    • 0017532162 scopus 로고
    • VUV isochromat spectroscopy
    • V. Dose VUV isochromat spectroscopy Appl. Phys. 14 1977 117 118
    • (1977) Appl. Phys. , vol.14 , pp. 117-118
    • Dose, V.1
  • 25
    • 84862689105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Near-ultraviolet inverse photoemission spectroscopy using ultra-low energy electrons
    • H. Yoshida Near-ultraviolet inverse photoemission spectroscopy using ultra-low energy electrons Chem. Phys. Lett. 539-540 2012 180 185
    • (2012) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.539-540 , pp. 180-185
    • Yoshida, H.1
  • 26
    • 0018432814 scopus 로고
    • Bremsstrahlung isochromat spectroscopy using a modified XPS apparatus
    • J.K. Lang, and Y. Baer Bremsstrahlung isochromat spectroscopy using a modified XPS apparatus Rev. Sci. Instrum. 50 1979 221 226
    • (1979) Rev. Sci. Instrum. , vol.50 , pp. 221-226
    • Lang, J.K.1    Baer, Y.2
  • 27
    • 0018455647 scopus 로고
    • VUV isochromat spectrometer for surface-analysis
    • G. Denninger, V. Dose, and H. Scheidt VUV isochromat spectrometer for surface-analysis Appl. Phys. 18 1979 375 380
    • (1979) Appl. Phys. , vol.18 , pp. 375-380
    • Denninger, G.1    Dose, V.2    Scheidt, H.3
  • 29
    • 0022756632 scopus 로고
    • 10 eV photon detector for inverse photoemission
    • D. Funnemann, and H. Merz 10 eV photon detector for inverse photoemission J. Phys. E-Sci. Instrum. 19 1986 554 557
    • (1986) J. Phys. E-Sci. Instrum. , vol.19 , pp. 554-557
    • Funnemann, D.1    Merz, H.2
  • 31
    • 1542468102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An inverse photoemission system with large solid angle of detection and adjustable optical bandpass
    • J.A. Lipton-Duffin, A.G. Mark, G.K. Mullins, G.E. Contant, and A.B. McLean An inverse photoemission system with large solid angle of detection and adjustable optical bandpass Rev. Sci. Instrum. 75 2004 445 454
    • (2004) Rev. Sci. Instrum. , vol.75 , pp. 445-454
    • Lipton-Duffin, J.A.1    Mark, A.G.2    Mullins, G.K.3    Contant, G.E.4    McLean, A.B.5
  • 32
    • 20544443016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vacuum ultraviolet photon detector with improved resolution for inverse photoemission spectroscopy
    • R. Stiepel, R. Ostendorf, C. Benesch, and H. Zacharias Vacuum ultraviolet photon detector with improved resolution for inverse photoemission spectroscopy Rev. Sci. Instrum. 76 2005 063109
    • (2005) Rev. Sci. Instrum. , vol.76 , pp. 063109
    • Stiepel, R.1    Ostendorf, R.2    Benesch, C.3    Zacharias, H.4
  • 35
    • 0022012059 scopus 로고
    • A simple and compact system for combined angular resolved inverse photoemission and photoemission in the vacuum ultraviolet
    • N. Babbe, W. Drube, I. Schafer, and M. Skibowski A simple and compact system for combined angular resolved inverse photoemission and photoemission in the vacuum ultraviolet J. Physi. E Sci. Instrum. 18 1985 158 160
    • (1985) J. Physi. e Sci. Instrum. , vol.18 , pp. 158-160
    • Babbe, N.1    Drube, W.2    Schafer, I.3    Skibowski, M.4
  • 37
    • 0000972323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Windows and photocathodes for a high resolution solid state bandpass ultraviolet photon detector for inverse photoemission
    • F. Schedin, G. Thornton, and R.I.G. Uhrberg Windows and photocathodes for a high resolution solid state bandpass ultraviolet photon detector for inverse photoemission Rev. Sci. Instrum. 68 1997 41 46
    • (1997) Rev. Sci. Instrum. , vol.68 , pp. 41-46
    • Schedin, F.1    Thornton, G.2    Uhrberg, R.I.G.3
  • 38
  • 39
  • 40
    • 0000707420 scopus 로고
    • Normal-incidence grating spectrograph with large acceptance for inverse photoemission
    • T. Fauster, D. Straub, J.J. Donelon, D. Grimm, A. Marx, and F.J. Himpsel Normal-incidence grating spectrograph with large acceptance for inverse photoemission Rev. Sci. Instrum. 56 1985 1212 1214
    • (1985) Rev. Sci. Instrum. , vol.56 , pp. 1212-1214
    • Fauster, T.1    Straub, D.2    Donelon, J.J.3    Grimm, D.4    Marx, A.5    Himpsel, F.J.6
  • 41
    • 0008350430 scopus 로고
    • Normal incidence grating spectrometer designed for inverse photoemission-studies in the range 10-30 eV
    • P.D. Johnson, S.L. Hulbert, R.F. Garrett, and M.R. Howells Normal incidence grating spectrometer designed for inverse photoemission-studies in the range 10-30 eV Rev. Sci. Instrum. 57 1986 1324 1328
    • (1986) Rev. Sci. Instrum. , vol.57 , pp. 1324-1328
    • Johnson, P.D.1    Hulbert, S.L.2    Garrett, R.F.3    Howells, M.R.4
  • 42
    • 0024130393 scopus 로고
    • Inverse photoemission
    • P.T. Andrews Inverse photoemission Vacuum 38 1988 257 260
    • (1988) Vacuum , vol.38 , pp. 257-260
    • Andrews, P.T.1
  • 45
    • 0029358037 scopus 로고
    • Normal incidence grating spectrometer for inverse-photoemission
    • T.E. Ollonqvist, and I.J. Vayrynen Normal incidence grating spectrometer for inverse-photoemission Vacuum 46 1995 1177 1180
    • (1995) Vacuum , vol.46 , pp. 1177-1180
    • Ollonqvist, T.E.1    Vayrynen, I.J.2
  • 49
    • 0242386370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic structure and electrical properties of interfaces between metals and pi-conjugated molecular films
    • A. Kahn, N. Koch, and W.Y. Gao Electronic structure and electrical properties of interfaces between metals and pi-conjugated molecular films J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys. 41 2003 2529 2548
    • (2003) J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys. , vol.41 , pp. 2529-2548
    • Kahn, A.1    Koch, N.2    Gao, W.Y.3
  • 50
    • 62649113857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies of molecular organic semiconductors
    • P.I. Djurovich, E.I. Mayo, S.R. Forrest, and M.E. Thompson Measurement of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies of molecular organic semiconductors Org. Electron. 10 2009 515 520
    • (2009) Org. Electron. , vol.10 , pp. 515-520
    • Djurovich, P.I.1    Mayo, E.I.2    Forrest, S.R.3    Thompson, M.E.4
  • 51
    • 0038188968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resonant formation of DNA strand breaks by low-energy (3 to 20 eV) electrons
    • B. Boudaiffa, P. Cloutier, D. Hunting, M.A. Huels, and L. Sanche Resonant formation of DNA strand breaks by low-energy (3 to 20 eV) electrons Science 287 2000 1658 1660
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 1658-1660
    • Boudaiffa, B.1    Cloutier, P.2    Hunting, D.3    Huels, M.A.4    Sanche, L.5
  • 52
    • 0020090990 scopus 로고
    • Low-voltage, high-current electron-gun
    • P.W. Erdman, and E.C. Zipf Low-voltage, high-current electron-gun Rev. Sci. Instrum. 53 1982 225 227
    • (1982) Rev. Sci. Instrum. , vol.53 , pp. 225-227
    • Erdman, P.W.1    Zipf, E.C.2
  • 54
    • 84893427543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note: Low energy inverse photoemission spectroscopy apparatus
    • H. Yoshida Note: low energy inverse photoemission spectroscopy apparatus Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85 2014 016101
    • (2014) Rev. Sci. Instrum. , vol.85 , pp. 016101
    • Yoshida, H.1
  • 55
    • 84887354700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-energy inverse photoemission spectroscopy using a high-resolution grating spectrometer in the near ultraviolet range
    • H. Yoshida Low-energy inverse photoemission spectroscopy using a high-resolution grating spectrometer in the near ultraviolet range Rev. Sci. Instrum. 84 2013 103901
    • (2013) Rev. Sci. Instrum. , vol.84 , pp. 103901
    • Yoshida, H.1
  • 58
    • 84922726595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron affinities of organic materials used for organic light-emitting diodes: A low-energy inverse photoemission study
    • H. Yoshida, and K. Yoshizaki Electron affinities of organic materials used for organic light-emitting diodes: a low-energy inverse photoemission study Org. Electron. 20 2015 24 30
    • (2015) Org. Electron. , vol.20 , pp. 24-30
    • Yoshida, H.1    Yoshizaki, K.2
  • 59
    • 84884852131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron affinity of pentacene thin film studied by radiation-damage free inverse photoemission spectroscopy
    • W. Han, H. Yoshida, N. Ueno, and S. Kera Electron affinity of pentacene thin film studied by radiation-damage free inverse photoemission spectroscopy Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 2013 123303
    • (2013) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.103 , pp. 123303
    • Han, W.1    Yoshida, H.2    Ueno, N.3    Kera, S.4
  • 61
    • 84949117537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-energy inverse photoemission study on the electron affinities of fullerene derivatives for organic photovoltaic cells
    • H. Yoshida Low-energy inverse photoemission study on the electron affinities of fullerene derivatives for organic photovoltaic cells J. Phys. Chem. C 118 2014 24377 24382
    • (2014) J. Phys. Chem. C , vol.118 , pp. 24377-24382
    • Yoshida, H.1
  • 62
    • 84920653332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystallization-induced energy level change of 6,6-phenyl C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) film: Impact of electronic polarization energy
    • Y.F. Zhong, S. Izawa, K. Hashimoto, K. Tajima, T. Koganezawa, and H. Yoshida Crystallization-induced energy level change of 6,6-phenyl C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) film: impact of electronic polarization energy J. Phys. Chem. C 119 2015 23 28
    • (2015) J. Phys. Chem. C , vol.119 , pp. 23-28
    • Zhong, Y.F.1    Izawa, S.2    Hashimoto, K.3    Tajima, K.4    Koganezawa, T.5    Yoshida, H.6
  • 64
    • 62349133602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energetics of metal-organic interfaces: New experiments and assessment of the field
    • J. Hwang, A. Wan, and A. Kahn Energetics of metal-organic interfaces: new experiments and assessment of the field Mater. Sci. Eng. R-Rep. 64 2009 1 31
    • (2009) Mater. Sci. Eng. R-Rep. , vol.64 , pp. 1-31
    • Hwang, J.1    Wan, A.2    Kahn, A.3
  • 66
    • 34548253012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between host energy levels and device performances of phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with triplet mixed host emitting structure
    • S.H. Kim, J. Jang, and J.Y. Lee Relationship between host energy levels and device performances of phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with triplet mixed host emitting structure Appl. Phys. Lett. 91 2007 083511
    • (2007) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.91 , pp. 083511
    • Kim, S.H.1    Jang, J.2    Lee, J.Y.3
  • 67
    • 0002705372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient electrophosphorescence using a doped ambipolar conductive molecular organic thin film
    • C. Adachi, R. Kwong, and S.R. Forrest Efficient electrophosphorescence using a doped ambipolar conductive molecular organic thin film Org. Electron. 2 2001 37 43
    • (2001) Org. Electron. , vol.2 , pp. 37-43
    • Adachi, C.1    Kwong, R.2    Forrest, S.R.3
  • 70
    • 37049098844 scopus 로고
    • Polarization energies of organic-solids determined by ultraviolet photoelectron-spectroscopy
    • N. Sato, K. Seki, and H. Inokuchi Polarization energies of organic-solids determined by ultraviolet photoelectron-spectroscopy J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2 77 1981 1621 1633
    • (1981) J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. , vol.2 , Issue.77 , pp. 1621-1633
    • Sato, N.1    Seki, K.2    Inokuchi, H.3
  • 71
    • 72249102153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface-segregated monolayers: A new type of ordered monolayer for surface modification of organic semiconductors
    • Q. Wei, K. Tajima, Y. Tong, S. Ye, and K. Hashimoto Surface-segregated monolayers: a new type of ordered monolayer for surface modification of organic semiconductors J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131 2009 17597 17604
    • (2009) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.131 , pp. 17597-17604
    • Wei, Q.1    Tajima, K.2    Tong, Y.3    Ye, S.4    Hashimoto, K.5
  • 72
    • 80053016911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dipole layer formation by surface segregation of regioregular poly(3-alkylthiophene) with alternating alkyl/semifluoroalkyl side chains
    • Y. Geng, Q. Wei, K. Hashimoto, and K. Tajima Dipole layer formation by surface segregation of regioregular poly(3-alkylthiophene) with alternating alkyl/semifluoroalkyl side chains Chem. Mater. 23 2011 4257 4263
    • (2011) Chem. Mater. , vol.23 , pp. 4257-4263
    • Geng, Y.1    Wei, Q.2    Hashimoto, K.3    Tajima, K.4
  • 73
    • 0035842799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled p-doping of zinc phthalocyanine by coevaporation with tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane: A direct and inverse photoemission study
    • W. Gao, and A. Kahn Controlled p-doping of zinc phthalocyanine by coevaporation with tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane: a direct and inverse photoemission study Appl. Phys. Lett. 79 2001 4040
    • (2001) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.79 , pp. 4040
    • Gao, W.1    Kahn, A.2
  • 74
    • 84920653332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystallization-induced energy level change of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) film: Impact of electronic polarization energy
    • Y. Zhong, S. Izawa, K. Hashimoto, K. Tajima, T. Koganezawa, and H. Yoshida Crystallization-induced energy level change of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) film: impact of electronic polarization energy J. Phys. Chem. C 119 2015 23 28
    • (2015) J. Phys. Chem. C , vol.119 , pp. 23-28
    • Zhong, Y.1    Izawa, S.2    Hashimoto, K.3    Tajima, K.4    Koganezawa, T.5    Yoshida, H.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.