Electronic structure and electrical properties of interfaces between metals and π-conjugated molecular films

Journal of Polymer Science, Part B: Polymer Physics

Volumn 41, Issue 21, 2003, Pages 2529-2548

  Kahn, Antoine ^a   Koch, Norbert ^b   Gao, Weiying ^a  

^a Princeton University   (United States)

^b HUMBOLDT UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Injection; Interfaces; Metal organic

Indexed keywords

CHARGE CARRIERS; ELECTRIC PROPERTIES; ELECTRON TRANSPORT PROPERTIES; ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE; LIGHT EMITTING DIODES; METALLORGANIC POLYMERS; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; SCHOTTKY BARRIER DIODES; SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; THIN FILMS;

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES; CONJUGATED MOLECULAR FILMS; METAL-ORGANIC INTERFACE BARRIERS;

INTERFACES (MATERIALS);

EID: 0242386370     PISSN: 08876266     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/polb.10642     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Salaneck, W. R.; Stafström, S.; Brédas, J.-L. Conjugated Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces: Electronic and Chemical Structure of Interfaces for Polymer Light Emitting Devices; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, England, 1996.
2. Conjugated Polymer and Molecular Interfaces: Science and Technology for Photonic and Optoelectronic Applications; Salaneck, W. R.; Seki, K.; Kahn, A.; Pireaux, J.-J., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 2001.
3. Tang, C. W.; Slyke, S. A. Appl Phys Lett 1987, 51, 913.
4. Ishii, H.; Sugiyama, K.; Ito, E.; Seki, K. Adv Mater 1999, 11, 605.
5. Karl, N.; Kraft, K.-H.; Marktanner, J.; Münch, M.; Schatz, F.; Stehle, R.; Uhde, H.-M. J Vac Sci Technol A 1999, 17, 2318.
6. Wu, C. I.; Hirose, Y.; Sirringhaus, H.; Kahn, A. Chem Phys Lett 1997, 272, 43.
7. Hill, I. G.; Kahn, A.; Soos, Z. G.; Pascal, R. A. Chem Phys Lett 2000, 327, 181.
8. Tsiper, E. V.; Soos, Z. G.; Gao, W.; Kahn, A. Chem Phys Lett 2002, 360, 47.
9. Malliaras, G. G. Cornell University. Private communication (2003).
10. Sze, S. Z. Physics of Semiconductor Devices, 2nd ed.; Wiley: New York, 1981.
11. Vazquez, H.; Oszwaldowski, R.; Pou, P.; Ortega, J.; Perez, R.; Flores, F.; Kahn, A. Euro Phys Lett, submitted.
12. Hill, I. G.; Schwartz, J.; Kahn, A. Org Electron 2000, 1, 5.
13. Hayashi, N.; Ishii, H.; Ouchi, Y.; Seki, K. J Appl Phys 2002, 92, 3784.
14. List, E. J. W.; Kim, C. H.; Shinar, J.; Pogantsch, A.; Petritsch, K.; Leising, G.; Graupner, W. Synth Met 2001, 116, 81.
15. Möller, S.; Weiser, G. Chem Phys 1999, 246, 483.
16. Shen, C.; Kahn, A.; Schwartz, J. J Appl Phys 2001, 90, 6236.
17. Hirose, Y.; Kahn, A.; Aristov, V.; Soukiassian, P.; Bulovic, V.; Forrest, S. R. Phys Rev B 1996, 54, 13748.
18. Shen, C.; Hill, I. G.; Kahn, A.; Schwartz, J. J Am Chem Soc 2000, 122, 5391.
19. Shen, C.; Kahn, A.; Schwartz, J. J Appl Phys 2001, 89, 449.
20. Meloni, S.; Palma, A.; Schwartz, J.; Kahn, A.; Car, R. J Am Chem Soc, in press.
21. Ramsey, M. G.; Steinmuller, D.; Netzer, F. P. Phys Rev B 1990, 42, 5902.
22. Greczynski, G.; Fahlman, M.; Salaneck, W. R.; Johansson, N.; dos Santos, D. A.; Bredas, J. L. Thin Solid Films 2000, 363, 322.
23. Koch, N.; Leising, G.; Yu, L. M.; Rajagopal, A.; Pireaux, J. J.; Johnson, R. L. J Vac Sci Technol A 2000, 18, 295.
24. Mason, M. G.; Tang, C. W.; Hung, L. S.; Raychaudhuri, P.; Madathil, J.; Giesen, D. J.; Yan, L.; Le, Q. T.; Gao, Y.; Lee, S. T.; Liao, L. S.; Cheng, L. F.; Salaneck, W. R.; dos Santos, D. A.; Bredas, J. L. J Appl Phys 2001, 89, 2756.
25. Koch, N.; Kahn, A.; Ghijsen, J.; Pireaux, J. J.; Schwartz, J.; Johnson, R. L.; Elschner, A. Appl Phys Lett 2003, 82, 70.
26. Crispin, X.; Geskin, V.; Crispin, A.; Cornil, J.; Lazzaroni, R.; Salaneck, W. R.; Bredas, J. L. J Am Chem Soc 2002, 124, 8131.
27. Bagus, P. S.; Staemmler, V.; Wöll, C. Phys Rev Lett 2002, 89, 096104.
28. Cardona, M.; Ley, L. In Photoemission in Solids, Topics in Applied Physics; Cardona, M.; Ley, L., Eds.; 26; Springer: Berlin, 1978; Vol. 26, p 16.
29. Niemantsverdriet, J. W. Spectroscopy in Catalysis: An Introduction; VCH: Weinheim, 1993.
30. Koch, N.; Zojer, E.; Rajagopal, A.; Ghijsen, J.; Johnson, R. L.; Leising, G.; Pireaux, J. J. Adv Funct Mater 2001, 11, 51.
31. Koch, N.; Ghijsen, J.; Johnson, R. L.; Schwartz, J.; Pireaux, J.-J.; Kahn, A. J Phys Chem B 2002, 106, 4192.
32. Xing, K. Z.; Fahlman, M.; Chen, X. W.; Inganas, O.; Salaneck, W. R. Synth Met 1997, 89, 161.
33. Bulovic, V.; Tian, P.; Burrows, P. E.; Gokhale, M. R.; Forrest, S. R.; Thompson, M. E. Appl Phys Lett 1997, 70, 2954.
34. Shen, C.; Hill, I. G.; Kahn, A. Adv Mater 1999, 11, 1523.
35. Shen, C.; Kahn, A. J Appl Phys 2001, 90, 4549.
36. Crispin, A.; Crispin, X.; Fahlman, M.; dos Santos, D. A.; Cornil, J.; Johansson, N.; Bauer, J.; Weissortel, F.; Salbeck, J.; Bredas, J. L.; Salaneck, W. R. J Chem Phys 2002, 116, 8159.
37. Nollau, A.; Pfeiffer, M.; Fritz, T.; Leo, K. J Appl Phys 2000, 87, 4340.
38. Pfeiffer, M.; Beyer, A.; Fritz, T.; Leo, K. Appl Phys Lett 1998, 73, 3202.
39. Koch, N.; Rajagopal, A.; Ghijsen, J.; Johnson, R. L.; Leising, G.; Pireaux, J. J. J Phys Chem B 2000, 104, 1434.
40. Koch, N.; Rajagopal, A.; Zojer, E.; Ghijsen, J.; Crispin, X.; Pourtois, G.; Bredas, J. L.; Johnson, R. L.; Pireaux, J. J.; Leising, G. Surf Sci 2000, 454, 1000.
41. Brown, T. M.; Friend, R. H.; Millard, I. S.; Lacey, D. J.; Burroughes, J. H.; Cacialli, F. Appl Phys Lett 2000, 77, 3096.
42. Burrows, P. E.; Gu, G.; Forrest, S. R.; Vicenzi, E. P.; Zhou, T. X. J Appl Phys 2000, 87, 3080.
43. Zhou, X.; Pfeiffer, M.; Huang, J. S.; Blochwitz-Nimoth, J.; Qin, D. S.; Werner, A.; Drechsel, J.; Maennig, B.; Leo, K. Appl Phys Lett 2002, 81, 922.
44. Blochwitz, J.; Pfeiffer, M.; Fritz, T.; Leo, K. Appl Phys Lett 1998, 73, 729.
45. Pfeiffer, M.; Forrest, S. R.; Leo, K.; Thompson, M. E. Adv Mater 2002, 14, 1633.
46. Gao, W.; Kahn, A. Appl Phys Lett 2001, 79, 4040.
47. Gao, W.; Kahn, A. Org Electron 2002, 3, 53.
48. Gao, W.; Kahn, A. J Appl Phys 2003, 94, 359.