Genetic alterations of protein tyrosine phosphatases in human cancers

Oncogene

Volumn 34, Issue 30, 2015, Pages 3885-3894

  Zhao, S ^a,b,c   Sedwick, D ^b,c   Wang, Z ^b,c  

^a SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE NON RECEPTOR 1; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE NON RECEPTOR 11; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE NON RECEPTOR 13; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE NON RECEPTOR 14; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE RECEPTOR B; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE RECEPTOR D; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE RECEPTOR J; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE RECEPTOR K; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE RECEPTOR M; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE RECEPTOR T; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

CELL ADHESION; CELL MIGRATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; DNA METHYLATION; ENZYME ACTIVE SITE; GENE MUTATION; GENE SILENCING; HUMAN; HUMAN GENOME; LEUKEMIA; MULTIGENE FAMILY; NEOPLASM; NUCLEOPHILICITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SOMATIC MUTATION; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE; ANIMAL; ENZYMOLOGY; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; GENETICS; METABOLISM; MISSENSE MUTATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN PROCESSING;

ANIMALS; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; HUMANS; MUTATION, MISSENSE; NEOPLASMS; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN PROCESSING, POST-TRANSLATIONAL; PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASES;

EID: 84937823809     PISSN: 09509232     EISSN: 14765594     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.326     Document Type: Review

References (126)

1. Brognard J, Hunter T. Protein kinase signaling networks in cancer. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2011; 21: 4-11.
2. Julien SG, Dubé N, Hardy S, Tremblay ML. Inside the human cancer tyrosine phosphatome. Nat Rev Cancer 2011; 11: 35-49.
3. Wang Z, Shen D, Parsons DW, Bardelli A, Sager J, Szabo S et al. Mutational analysis of the tyrosine phosphatome in colorectal cancers. Science 2004; 304: 1164-1166.
4. Alonso A, Sasin J, Bottini N, Friedberg I, Friedberg I, Osterman A et al. Protein tyrosine phosphatases in the human genome. Cell 2004; 117: 699-711.
5. Barr AJ, Ugochukwu E, Lee WH, King ON, Filippakopoulos P, Alfano I et al. Largescale structural analysis of the classical human protein tyrosine phosphatome. Cell 2009; 136: 352-363.
6. Tonks NK. Protein tyrosine phosphatases: from genes, to function, to disease. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2006; 7: 833-846.
7. Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW. Cancer genes and the pathways they control. Nat Med 2004; 10: 789-799.
8. Lui VW, Peyser ND, Ng PK, Hritz J, Zeng Y, Lu Y et al. Frequent mutation of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases provides a mechanism for STAT3 hyperactivation in head and neck cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2014; 111: 1114-1119.
9. Vogelstein B, Papadopoulos N, Velculescu VE, Zhou S, Diaz Jr LA, Kinzler KW. Cancer genome landscapes. Science 2013; 339: 1546-1558.
10. Garraway LA, Lander ES. Lessons from the cancer genome. Cell 2013; 153: 17-37.
11. Zhao Y, Zhang X, Guda K, Lawrence E, Sun Q, Watanabe T et al. Identification and functional characterization of paxillin as a target of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor T. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2010; 107: 2592-2597.
12. Laczmanska I, Karpinski P, Bebenek M, Sedziak T, Ramsey D, Szmida E et al. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-like genes are frequently hypermethylated in sporadic colorectal cancer. J Hum Genet 2013; 58: 11-15.
13. Liu Z, Zhang J, Gao Y, Pei L, Zhou J, Gu L et al. Large-scale characterization of DNA methylation changes in human gastric carcinomas with and without metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 20: 4598-4612.
14. Becka S, Zhang P, Craig SE, Lodowski DT, Wang Z, Brady-Kalnay SM. Characterization of the adhesive properties of the type IIb subfamily receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases. Cell Commun Adhes 2010; 17: 34-47.
15. Besco JA, Hooft van Huijsduijnen R, Frostholm A, Rotter A. Intracellular substrates of brain-enriched receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase rho (RPTPrho/PTPRT). Brain Res 2006; 1116: 50-57.
16. Yu J, Becka S, Zhang P, Zhang X, Brady-Kalnay SM, Wang Z. Tumor-derived extracellular mutations of PTPRT/PTP{rho} are defective in cell adhesion. Mol Cancer Res 2008; 6: 1106-1113.
17. Zhang P, Becka S, Craig SE, Lodowski DT, Brady-Kalnay SM, Wang Z. Cancerderived mutations in the fibronectin III repeats of PTPRT/PTPrho inhibit cell-cell aggregation. Cell Commun Adhes 2009; 16: 146-153.
18. Zhang X, Guo A, Yu J, Possemato A, Chen Y, Zheng W et al. Identification of STAT3 as a substrate of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase T. PNAS 2007; 104: 4060-4064.
19. Darnell JE. Validating Stat3 in cancer therapy. Nat Med 2005; 11: 595-596.
20. Zhang P, Zhao Y, Zhu X, Sedwick D, Zhang X, Wang Z. Cross-talk between phospho-STAT3 and PLC{gamma}1 plays a critical role in colorectal tumorigenesis. Mol Cancer Res 2011; 9: 1418-1428.
21. Feng X, Scott A, Wang Y, Wang L, Zhao Y, Doerner S et al. PTPRT regulates high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. PLoS ONE 2014; 9: e100783.
22. Park AR, Oh D, Lim SH, Choi J, Moon J, Yu DY et al. Regulation of dendritic arborization by BCR Rac1 GTPase-activating protein, a substrate of PTPRT. J Cell Sci 2012; 125: 4518-4531.
23. Lim SH, Moon J, Lee M, Lee JR. PTPRT regulates the interaction of Syntaxinbinding protein 1 with Syntaxin 1 through dephosphorylation of specific tyrosine residue. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 439: 40-46.
24. Cox C, Bignell G, Greenman C, Stabenau A, Warren W, Stephens P et al. A survey of homozygous deletions in human cancer genomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 4542-4547.
25. Purdie KJ, Lambert SR, Teh MT, Chaplin T, Molloy G, Raghavan M et al. Allelic imbalances and microdeletions affecting the PTPRD gene in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas detected using single nucleotide polymorphism microarray analysis. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2007; 46: 661-669.
26. Kohno T, Otsuka A, Girard L, Sato M, Iwakawa R, Ogiwara H et al. A catalog of genes homozygously deleted in human lung cancer and the candidacy of PTPRD as a tumor suppressor gene. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2010; 49: 342-352.
27. Giefing M, Zemke N, Brauze D, Kostrzewska-Poczekaj M, Luczak M, Szaumkessel M et al. High resolution ArrayCGH and expression profiling identifies PTPRD and PCDH17/PCH68 as tumor suppressor gene candidates in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2011; 50: 154-166.
28. Sjoblom T, Jones S, Wood LD, Parsons DW, Lin J, Barber TD et al. The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers. Science 2006; 314: 268-274.
29. Weir BA, Woo MS, Getz G, Perner S, Ding L, Beroukhim R et al. Characterizing the cancer genome in lung adenocarcinoma. Nature 2007; 450: 893-898.
30. Solomon DA, Kim J-S, Cronin JC, Sibenaller Z, Ryken T, Rosenberg SA et al. Mutational inactivation of PTPRD in glioblastoma multiforme and malignant melanoma. Cancer Res 2008; 68: 10300-10306.
31. Veeriah S, Brennan C, Meng S, Singh B, Fagin JA, Solit DB et al. The tyrosine phosphatase PTPRD is a tumor suppressor that is frequently inactivated and mutated in glioblastoma and other human cancers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009; 106: 9435-9440.
32. Ortiz B, Fabius AW, Wu WH, Pedraza A, Brennan CW, Schultz N et al. Loss of the tyrosine phosphatase PTPRD leads to aberrant STAT3 activation and promotes gliomagenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2014; 111: 8149-8154.
33. Jiang Y, Janku F, Subbiah V, Angelo LS, Naing A, Anderson PM et al. Germline PTPRD mutations in Ewing sarcoma: biologic and clinical implications. Oncotarget 2013; 4: 884-889.
34. Funato K, Yamazumi Y, Oda T, Akiyama T. Tyrosine phosphatase PTPRD suppresses colon cancer cell migration in coordination with CD44. Exp Ther Med 2011; 2: 457-463.
35. Woodings JA, Sharp SJ, Machesky LM. MIM-B, a putative metastasis suppressor protein, binds to actin and to protein tyrosine phosphatase delta. Biochem J 2003; 371: 463-471.
36. Meehan M, Parthasarathi L, Moran N, Jefferies CA, Foley N, Lazzari E et al. Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor delta acts as a neuroblastoma tumor suppressor by destabilizing the aurora kinase A oncogene. Mol Cancer 2012; 11: 6.
37. Sap J, Jiang YP, Friedlander D, Grumet M, Schlessinger J. Receptor tyrosine phosphatase R-PTP-kappa mediates homophilic binding. Mol Cell Biol 1994; 14: 1-9.
38. Seshagiri S, Stawiski EW, Durinck S, Modrusan Z, Storm EE, Conboy CB et al. Recurrent R-spondin fusions in colon cancer. Nature 2012; 488: 660-664.
39. Nakamura M, Kishi M, Sakaki T, Hashimoto H, Nakase H, Shimada K et al. Novel tumor suppressor loci on 6q22-23 in primary central nervous system lymphomas. Cancer Res 2003; 63: 737-741.
40. Agarwal S, Al-Keilani MS, Alqudah MA, Sibenaller ZA, Ryken TC, Assem M. Tumor derived mutations of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type k affect its function and alter sensitivity to chemotherapeutics in glioma. PLoS ONE 2013; 8: e62852.
41. Xu Y, Tan LJ, Grachtchouk V, Voorhees JJ, Fisher GJ. Receptor-type proteintyrosine phosphatase-kappa regulates epidermal growth factor receptor function. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 42694-42700.
42. Lucci MA, Orlandi R, Triulzi T, Tagliabue E, Balsari A, Villa-Moruzzi E. Expression profile of tyrosine phosphatases in HER2 breast cancer cells and tumors. Cell Oncol 2010; 32: 361-372.
43. Novellino L, De Filippo A, Deho P, Perrone F, Pilotti S, Parmiani G et al. PTPRK negatively regulates transcriptional activity of wild type and mutated oncogenic beta-catenin and affects membrane distribution of beta-catenin/E-cadherin complexes in cancer cells. Cell Signal 2008; 20: 872-883.
44. Wang SE, Wu FY, Shin I, Qu S, Arteaga CL. Transforming growth factor {beta} (TGF-{beta})-Smad target gene protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type kappa is required for TGF-{beta} function. Mol Cell Biol 2005; 25: 4703-4715.
45. Flavell JR, Baumforth KR, Wood VH, Davies GL, Wei W, Reynolds GM et al. Down-regulation of the TGF-beta target gene, PTPRK, by the Epstein-Barr virus encoded EBNA1 contributes to the growth and survival of Hodgkin lymphoma cells. Blood 2008; 111: 292-301.
46. Kim YS, Jung JA, Kim HJ, Ahn YH, Yoo JS, Oh S et al. Galectin-3 binding protein promotes cell motility in colon cancer by stimulating the shedding of protein tyrosine phosphatase kappa by proprotein convertase 5. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 404: 96-102.
47. Brady-Kalnay SM. Protein tyrosine phosphatases. In: Beckerle M (ed). Cell Adhesion: Frontiers in Molecular Biology, vol 39. Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK, 217-258.
48. Craig SE, Brady-Kalnay SM. Cancer cells cut homophilic cell adhesion molecules and run. Cancer Res 2011; 71: 303-309.
49. Brady-Kalnay SM, Flint AJ, Tonks NK. Homophilic binding of PTP mu, a receptortype protein tyrosine phosphatase, can mediate cell-cell aggregation. J Cell Biol 1993; 122: 961-972.
50. Brady-Kalnay SM, Tonks NK. Identification of the homophilic binding site of the receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP mu. J Biol Chem 1994; 269: 28472-28477.
51. Gebbink MF, Zondag GC, Wubbolts RW, Beijersbergen RL, van Etten I, Moolenaar WH. Cell-cell adhesion mediated by a receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase. J Biol Chem 1993; 268: 16101-16104.
52. Hellberg CB, Burden-Gulley SM, Pietz GE, Brady-Kalnay SM. Expression of the receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase, PTPmu, restores E-cadherin-dependent adhesion in human prostate carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem 2002; 277: 11165-11173.
53. Hiscox S, Jiang WG. Association of the HGF/SF receptor, c-met, with the cellsurface adhesion molecule, E-cadherin, and catenins in human tumor cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 261: 406-411.
54. Mourton T, Hellberg CB, Burden-Gulley SM, Hinman J, Rhee A, Brady-Kalnay SM. The PTPmu protein-tyrosine phosphatase binds and recruits the scaffolding protein RACK1 to cell-cell contacts. J Biol Chem 2001; 276: 14896-14901.
55. Phillips-Mason PJ, Mourton T, Major DL, Brady-Kalnay SM. BCCIP associates with the receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPmu. J Cell Biochem 2008; 105: 1059-1072.
56. Phillips-Mason PJ, Kaur H, Burden-Gulley SM, Craig SE, Brady-Kalnay SM. Identification of phospholipase C gamma1 as a protein tyrosine phosphatase mu substrate that regulates cell migration. J Cell Biochem 2011; 112: 39-48.
57. Phillips-Mason PJ, Craig SE, Brady-Kalnay SM. Should I stay or should I go? Shedding of RPTPs in cancer cells switches signals from stabilizing cell-cell adhesion to driving cell migration. Cell Adhesion Migration 2011; 5: 298-305.
58. Burgoyne AM, Phillips-Mason PJ, Burden-Gulley SM, Robinson S, Sloan AE, Miller RH et al. proteolytic cleavage of protein tyrosine phosphatase {micro} regulates glioblastoma cell migration. Cancer Res 2009; 69: 6960-6968.
59. Phillips-Mason PJ, Craig SE, Brady-Kalnay SM. A protease storm cleaves a cell-cell adhesion molecule in cancer: multiple proteases converge to regulate PTPmu in glioma cells. J Cell Biochem 2014; 115: 1609-1623.
60. Burden-Gulley SM, Gates TJ, Burgoyne AM, Cutter JL, Lodowski DT, Robinson S et al. A novel molecular diagnostic of glioblastomas: detection of an extracellular fragment of protein tyrosine phosphatase mu. Neoplasia 2010; 12: 305-316.
61. Ruivenkamp C, Hermsen M, Postma C, Klous A, Baak J, Meijer G et al. LOH of PTPRJ occurs early in colorectal cancer and is associated with chromosomal loss of 18q12-21. Oncogene 2003; 22: 3472-3474.
62. Lesueur F, Pharoah PD, Laing S, Ahmed S, Jordan C, Smith PL et al. Allelic association of the human homologue of the mouse modifier Ptprj with breast cancer. Hum Mol Genet 2005; 14: 2349-2356.
63. Iuliano R, Le Pera I, Cristofaro C, Baudi F, Arturi F, Pallante P et al. The tyrosine phosphatase PTPRJ/DEP-1 genotype affects thyroid carcinogenesis. Oncogene 2004; 23: 8432-8438.
64. Petermann A, Haase D, Wetzel A, Balavenkatraman KK, Tenev T, Guhrs KH et al. Loss of the protein-tyrosine phosphatase DEP-1/PTPRJ drives meningioma cell motility. Brain Pathol 2011; 21: 405-418.
65. Aya-Bonilla C, Green MR, Camilleri E, Benton M, Keane C, Marlton P et al. Highresolution loss of heterozygosity screening implicates PTPRJ as a potential tumor suppressor gene that affects susceptibility to Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 52: 467-479.
66. Luo L, Shen GQ, Stiffler KA, Wang QK, Pretlow TG, Pretlow TP. Loss of heterozygosity in human aberrant crypt foci (ACF), a putative precursor of colon cancer. Carcinogenesis 2006; 27: 1153-1159.
67. Venkatachalam R, Ligtenberg MJ, Hoogerbrugge N, Schackert HK, Gorgens H, Hahn MM et al. Germline epigenetic silencing of the tumor suppressor gene PTPRJ in early-onset familial colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology 2010; 139: 2221-2224.
68. Iervolino A, Iuliano R, Trapasso F, Viglietto G, Melillo RM, Carlomagno F et al. The receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase J antagonizes the biochemical and biological effects of RET-derived oncoproteins. Cancer Res 2006; 66: 6280-6287.
69. Balavenkatraman KK, Jandt E, Friedrich K, Kautenburger T, Pool-Zobel BL, Ostman A et al. DEP-1 protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibits proliferation and migration of colon carcinoma cells and is upregulated by protective nutrients. Oncogene 2006; 25: 6319-6324.
70. Trapasso F, Yendamuri S, Dumon KR, Iuliano R, Cesari R, Feig B et al. Restoration of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase eta function inhibits human pancreatic carcinoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Carcinogenesis 2004; 25: 2107-2114.
71. Trapasso F, Iuliano R, Boccia A, Stella A, Visconti R, Bruni P et al. Rat protein tyrosine phosphatase eta suppresses the neoplastic phenotype of retrovirally transformed thyroid cells through the stabilization of p27(Kip1). Mol Cell Biol 2000; 20: 9236-9246.
72. Ruivenkamp CA, van Wezel T, Zanon C, Stassen AP, Vlcek C, Csikos T et al. Ptprj is a candidate for the mouse colon-cancer susceptibility locus Scc1 and is frequently deleted in human cancers. Nat Genet 2002; 31: 295-300.
73. Trapasso F, Drusco A, Costinean S, Alder H, Aqeilan RI, Iuliano R et al. Genetic ablation of Ptprj, a mouse cancer susceptibility gene, results in normal growth and development and does not predispose to spontaneous tumorigenesis. DNA Cell Biol 2006; 25: 376-382.
74. Omerovic J, Clague MJ, Prior IA. Phosphatome profiling reveals PTPN2, PTPRJ and PTEN as potent negative regulators of PKB/Akt activation in Ras-mutated cancer cells. Biochem J 2010; 426: 65-72.
75. Paduano F, Ortuso F, Campiglia P, Raso C, Iaccino E, Gaspari M et al. Isolation and functional characterization of peptide agonists of PTPRJ, a tyrosine phosphatase receptor endowed with tumor suppressor activity. ACS Chem Biol 2012; 7: 1666-1676.
76. Arora D, Stopp S, Bohmer SA, Schons J, Godfrey R, Masson K et al. Proteintyrosine phosphatase DEP-1 controls receptor tyrosine kinase FLT3 signaling. J Biol Chem 2011; 286: 10918-10929.
77. Casagrande S, Ruf M, Rechsteiner M, Morra L, Brun-Schmid S, von Teichman A et al. The protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type J is regulated by the pVHL-HIF axis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. J Pathol 2013; 229: 525-534.
78. Paduano F, Dattilo V, Narciso D, Bilotta A, Gaudio E, Menniti M et al. Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRJ is negatively regulated by microRNA-328. FEBS J 2013; 280: 401-412.
79. Behjati S, Tarpey PS, Sheldon H, Martincorena I, Van Loo P, Gundem G et al. Recurrent PTPRB and PLCG1 mutations in angiosarcoma. Nat Genet 2014; 46: 376-379.
80. Dominguez MG, Hughes VC, Pan L, Simmons M, Daly C, Anderson K et al. Vascular endothelial tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP)-null mice undergo vasculogenesis but die embryonically because of defects in angiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104: 3243-3248.
81. Baumer S, Keller L, Holtmann A, Funke R, August B, Gamp A et al. Vascular endothelial cell-specific phosphotyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) activity is required for blood vessel development. Blood 2006; 107: 4754-4762.
82. Winderlich M, Keller L, Cagna G, Broermann A, Kamenyeva O, Kiefer F et al. VE-PTP controls blood vessel development by balancing Tie-2 activity. J Cell Biol 2009; 185: 657-671.
83. Mellberg S, Dimberg A, Bahram F, Hayashi M, Rennel E, Ameur A et al. Transcriptional profiling reveals a critical role for tyrosine phosphatase VE-PTP in regulation of VEGFR2 activity and endothelial cell morphogenesis. FASEB J 2009; 23: 1490-1502.
84. Broermann A, Winderlich M, Block H, Frye M, Rossaint J, Zarbock A et al. Dissociation of VE-PTP from VE-cadherin is required for leukocyte extravasation and for VEGF-induced vascular permeability in vivo. J Exp Med 2011; 208: 2393-2401.
85. Hayashi M, Majumdar A, Li X, Adler J, Sun Z, Vertuani S et al. VE-PTP regulates VEGFR2 activity in stalk cells to establish endothelial cell polarity and lumen formation. Nat Commun 2013; 4: 1672.
86. Goel S, Gupta N, Walcott BP, Snuderl M, Kesler CT, Kirkpatrick ND et al. Effects of vascular-endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibition on breast cancer vasculature and metastatic progression. J Natl Clin Inst 2013; 105: 1188-1201.
87. Liu X, Qu CK. Protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 (PTPN11) in hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. J Singnal Transduct 2011; 2011: 195239.
88. Tartaglia M, Mehler EL, Goldberg R, Zampino G, Brunner HG, Kremer H et al. Mutations in PTPN11, encoding the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2, cause Noonan syndrome. Nat Genet 2001; 29: 465-468.
89. Tartaglia M, Niemeyer CM, Fragale A, Song X, Buechner J, Jung A et al. Somatic mutations in PTPN11 in juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Genet 2003; 34: 148-150.
90. Legius E, Schrander-Stumpel C, Schollen E, Pulles-Heintzberger C, Gewillig M, Fryns JP. PTPN11 mutations in LEOPARD syndrome. J Med Genet 2002; 39: 571-574.
91. Lauriol J, Kontaridis MI. PTPN11-associated mutations in the heart: has LEOPARD changed Its RASpots? Trends Cardiovasc Med 2011; 21: 97-104.
92. Bard-Chapeau EA, Li S, Ding J, Zhang SS, Zhu HH, Princen F et al. Ptpn11/Shp2 acts as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Cancer Cell 2011; 19: 629-639.
93. Bowen ME, Boyden ED, Holm IA, Campos-Xavier B, Bonafe L, Superti-Furga A et al. Loss-of-function mutations in PTPN11 cause metachondromatosis, but not Ollier disease or Maffucci syndrome. PLoS Genet 2011; 7: e1002050.
94. Yang W, Wang J, Moore DC, Liang H, Dooner M, Wu Q et al. Ptpn11 deletion in a novel progenitor causes metachondromatosis by inducing hedgehog signalling. Nature 2013; 499: 491-495.
95. Qu CK. Role of the SHP-2 tyrosine phosphatase in cytokine-induced signaling and cellular response. Biochim Biophys Acta 2002; 1592: 297-301.
96. Zheng H, Li S, Hsu P, Qu CK. Induction of a tumor-associated activating mutation in protein tyrosine phosphatase Ptpn11 (Shp2) enhances mitochondrial metabolism, leading to oxidative stress and senescence. J Biol Chem 2013; 288: 25727-25738.
97. Liu X, Zheng H, Qu CK. Protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 (Ptpn11) plays an important role in maintenance of chromosome stability. Cancer Res 2012; 72: 5296-5306.
98. Gunawardana J, Chan FC, Telenius A, Woolcock B, Kridel R, Tan KL et al. Recurrent somatic mutations of PTPN1 in primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. Nat Genet 2014; 46: 329-335.
99. Yip SC, Saha S, Chernoff J. PTP1B: A double agent in metabolism and oncogenesis. Trends BiochemSci 2010; 35: 442-449.
100. Bentires-Alj M, Neel BG. Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B is required for HER2/Neu-induced breast cancer. Cancer Res 2007; 67: 2420-2424.
101. Freiss G, Chalbos D. PTPN13/PTPL1: An important regulator of tumor aggressiveness. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2011; 11: 78-88.
102. Ying J, Li H, Cui Y, Wong AH, Langford C, Tao Q. Epigenetic disruption of two proapoptotic genes MAPK10/JNK3 and PTPN13/FAP-1 in multiple lymphomas and carcinomas through hypermethylation of a common bidirectional promoter. Leukemia 2006; 20: 1173-1175.
103. Scrima M, De Marco C, De Vita F, Fabiani F, Franco R, Pirozzi G et al. The nonreceptor-type tyrosine phosphatase PTPN13 is a tumor suppressor gene in non-small cell lung cancer. Am J Pathol 2012; 180: 1202-1214.
104. Wieckowski E, Atarashi Y, Stanson J, Sato TA, Whiteside TL. FAP-1-mediated activation of NF-kappaB induces resistance of head and neck cancer to Fasinduced apoptosis. J Cell Biochem 2007; 100: 16-28.
105. Nariai Y, Mishima K, Yoshimura Y, Sekine J. FAP-1 and NF-kappaB expressions in oral squamous cell carcinoma as potential markers for chemo-radio sensitivity and prognosis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 40: 419-426.
106. Xiao ZY, Wu W, Eagleton N, Chen HQ, Shao J, Teng H et al. Silencing Fas-associated phosphatase 1 expression enhances efficiency of chemotherapy for colon carcinoma with oxaliplatin. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16: 112-118.
107. Revillion F, Puech C, Rabenoelina F, Chalbos D, Peyrat JP, Freiss G. Expression of the putative tumor suppressor gene PTPN13/PTPL1 is an independent prognostic marker for overall survival in breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2009; 124: 638-643.
108. Zhu JH, Chen R, Yi W, Cantin GT, Fearns C, Yang Y et al. Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN13 negatively regulates Her2/ErbB2 malignant signaling. Oncogene 2008; 27: 2525-2531.
109. Vermeer PD, Bell M, Lee K, Vermeer DW, Wieking BG, Bilal E et al. ErbB2, EphrinB1, Src kinase and PTPN13 signaling complex regulates MAP kinase signaling in human cancers. PLoS One 2012; 7: e30447.
110. Kuchay S, Duan S, Schenkein E, Peschiaroli A, Saraf A, Florens L et al. FBXL2-and PTPL1-mediated degradation of p110-free p85beta regulatory subunit controls the PI(3)K signalling cascade. Nat Cell Biol 2013; 15: 472-480.
111. Huang W, Bei L, Eklund EA. Fas-associated phosphatase 1 (Fap1) influences betacatenin activity in myeloid progenitor cells expressing the Bcr-abl oncogene. J Biol Chem 2013; 288: 12766-12776.
112. Hoover AC, Strand GL, Nowicki PN, Anderson ME, Vermeer PD, Klingelhutz AJ et al. Impaired PTPN13 phosphatase activity in spontaneous or HPV-induced squamous cell carcinomas potentiates oncogene signaling through the MAP kinase pathway. Oncogene 2009; 28: 3960-3970.
113. Hagemann N, Ackermann N, Christmann J, Brier S, Yu F, Erdmann KS. The serologically defined colon cancer antigen-3 interacts with the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN13 and is involved in the regulation of cytokinesis. Oncogene 2013; 32: 4602-4613.
114. Abaan OD, Hendriks W, Uren A, Toretsky JA, Erkizan HV. Valosin containing protein (VCP/p97) is a novel substrate for the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPL1. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319: 1-11.
115. Spanos WC, Hoover A, Harris GF, Wu S, Strand GL, Anderson ME et al. The PDZ binding motif of human papillomavirus type 16 E6 induces PTPN13 loss, which allows anchorage-independent growth and synergizes with ras for invasive growth. J Virol 2008; 82: 2493-2500.
116. Schickel R, Park SM, Murmann AE, Peter ME. miR-200c regulates induction of apoptosis through CD95 by targeting FAP-1. Mol Cell 2010; 38: 908-915.
117. Huang W, Bei L, Eklund EA. Fas-associated phosphatase 1 mediates Fas resistance in myeloid progenitor cells expressing the Bcr-abl oncogene. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 54: 619-630.
118. Wyatt L, Khew-Goodall Y. PTP-Pez: A novel regulator of TGFbeta signaling. Cell Cycle 2008; 7: 2290-2295.
119. Au AC, Hernandez PA, Lieber E, Nadroo AM, Shen YM, Kelley KA et al. Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN14 is a regulator of lymphatic function and choanal development in humans. Am J Hum Genet 2010; 87: 436-444.
120. Wang W, Huang J, Wang X, Yuan J, Li X, Feng L et al. PTPN14 is required for the density-dependent control of YAP1. Genes Dev 2012; 26: 1959-1971.
121. Wadham C, Gamble JR, Vadas MA, Khew-Goodall Y. The protein tyrosine phosphatase Pez is a major phosphatase of adherens junctions and dephosphorylates beta-catenin. Mol Biol Cell 2003; 14: 2520-2529.
122. Zhang P, Guo A, Possemato A, Wang C, Beard L, Carlin C et al. Identification and functional characterization of p130Cas as a substrate of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor 14. Oncogene 2013; 32: 2087-2095.
123. Michaloglou C, Lehmann W, Martin T, Delaunay C, Hueber A, Barys L et al. The tyrosine phosphatase PTPN14 is a negative regulator of YAP activity. PLoS ONE 2013; 8: e61916.
124. Huang JM, Nagatomo I, Suzuki E, Mizuno T, Kumagai T, Berezov A et al. YAP modifies cancer cell sensitivity to EGFR and survivin inhibitors and is negatively regulated by the non-receptor type protein tyrosine phosphatase 14. Oncogene 2013; 32: 2220-2229.
125. Liu X, Yang N, Figel SA, Wilson KE, Morrison CD, Gelman IH et al. PTPN14 interacts with and negatively regulates the oncogenic function of YAP. Oncogene 2013; 32: 1266-1273.
126. Flint AJ, Tiganis T, Barford D, Tonks NK. Development of 'substrate-trapping' mutants to identify physiological substrates of protein tyrosine phosphatases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94: 1680-1685.