메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 49, Issue 8, 2015, Pages 815-827

Measuring cognitive load: Performance, mental effort and simulation task complexity

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; CANADA; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; EDUCATION; FEMALE; GENERAL SURGERY; HUMAN; MALE; MEDICAL STUDENT; PROCEDURES; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SIMULATION TRAINING; TASK PERFORMANCE; TEACHING;

EID: 84935434784     PISSN: 03080110     EISSN: 13652923     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/medu.12773     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (96)

References (63)
  • 2
    • 80052444806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technology-enhanced simulation for health professions education: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Cook DA, Hatala R, Brydges R, Zendejas B, Szostek JH, Wang AT, Erwin PJ, Hamstra SJ. Technology-enhanced simulation for health professions education: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2011;306 (9):978-88.
    • (2011) JAMA , vol.306 , Issue.9 , pp. 978-988
    • Cook, D.A.1    Hatala, R.2    Brydges, R.3    Zendejas, B.4    Szostek, J.H.5    Wang, A.T.6    Erwin, P.J.7    Hamstra, S.J.8
  • 3
    • 79958822104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does simulation-based medical education with deliberate practice yield better results than traditional clinical education? a meta-analytic comparative review of the evidence
    • McGaghie WC, Issenberg SB, Cohen ER, Barsuk JH, Wayne DB. Does simulation-based medical education with deliberate practice yield better results than traditional clinical education? a meta-analytic comparative review of the evidence. Acad Med 2011;86 (6):706-11.
    • (2011) Acad Med , vol.86 , Issue.6 , pp. 706-711
    • McGaghie, W.C.1    Issenberg, S.B.2    Cohen, E.R.3    Barsuk, J.H.4    Wayne, D.B.5
  • 4
    • 80051924476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation for learning and teaching procedural skills: the state of the science
    • Nestel DD, Groom JJ, Eikeland-Husebø SS, O'Donnell JMJ. Simulation for learning and teaching procedural skills: the state of the science. Simul Healthc 2011;6 (7 Suppl):10-3.
    • (2011) Simul Healthc , vol.6 , Issue.7 , pp. 10-13
    • Nestel, D.D.1    Groom, J.J.2    Eikeland-Husebø, S.S.3    O'Donnell, J.M.J.4
  • 6
    • 34447639757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Closing the gap in operative performance between novices and experts: does harder mean better for laparoscopic simulator training?
    • Stefanidis D, Korndorffer JR, Markley S, Sierra R, Heniford BT, Scott DJ. Closing the gap in operative performance between novices and experts: does harder mean better for laparoscopic simulator training? J Am Coll Surg 2007;205 (2):307-13.
    • (2007) J Am Coll Surg , vol.205 , Issue.2 , pp. 307-313
    • Stefanidis, D.1    Korndorffer, J.R.2    Markley, S.3    Sierra, R.4    Heniford, B.T.5    Scott, D.J.6
  • 7
    • 50249090084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review of randomised controlled trials on the effectiveness of virtual reality training for laparoscopic surgery
    • Gurusamy K, Aggarwal R, Palanivelu L, Davidson BR. Systematic review of randomised controlled trials on the effectiveness of virtual reality training for laparoscopic surgery. Br J Surg 2008;95:1088-97.
    • (2008) Br J Surg , vol.95 , pp. 1088-1097
    • Gurusamy, K.1    Aggarwal, R.2    Palanivelu, L.3    Davidson, B.R.4
  • 9
    • 38349141821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Description, justification and clarification: a framework for classifying the purposes of research in medical education
    • Cook DA, Bordage G, Schmidt HG. Description, justification and clarification: a framework for classifying the purposes of research in medical education. Med Educ 2008;42:128-33.
    • (2008) Med Educ , vol.42 , pp. 128-133
    • Cook, D.A.1    Bordage, G.2    Schmidt, H.G.3
  • 10
    • 84871992654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effectiveness of instructional design features in simulation-based education: systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Cook DA, Hamstra SJ, Brydges R, Zendejas B, Szostek JH, Wang AT, Erwin PJ, Hatala R. Comparative effectiveness of instructional design features in simulation-based education: systematic review and meta-analysis. Med Teach 2013;35 (1):e844-75.
    • (2013) Med Teach , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. e844-e875
    • Cook, D.A.1    Hamstra, S.J.2    Brydges, R.3    Zendejas, B.4    Szostek, J.H.5    Wang, A.T.6    Erwin, P.J.7    Hatala, R.8
  • 11
    • 80051733719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Setting a research agenda for simulation-based healthcare education
    • Issenberg SB, Ringsted C, Østergaard D, Dieckmann P. Setting a research agenda for simulation-based healthcare education. Simul Healthc 2011;6 (3):155-67.
    • (2011) Simul Healthc , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 155-167
    • Issenberg, S.B.1    Ringsted, C.2    Østergaard, D.3    Dieckmann, P.4
  • 13
    • 84905824973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From bricks to buildings: adapting the medical research council framework to develop programmes of research in simulation education and training for the health professions
    • Haji FA, Da Silva C, Daigle DT, Dubrowski A. From bricks to buildings: adapting the medical research council framework to develop programmes of research in simulation education and training for the health professions. Simul Healthc 2014;9 (4):249-59.
    • (2014) Simul Healthc , vol.9 , Issue.4 , pp. 249-259
    • Haji, F.A.1    Da Silva, C.2    Daigle, D.T.3    Dubrowski, A.4
  • 14
    • 0000819688 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive load during problem solving: effects on learning
    • Sweller J. Cognitive load during problem solving: effects on learning. Cogn Sci 1988;12 (2):257-85.
    • (1988) Cogn Sci , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 257-285
    • Sweller, J.1
  • 15
    • 74049097220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive load theory in health professional education: design principles and strategies
    • van Merriënboer JJG, Sweller J. Cognitive load theory in health professional education: design principles and strategies. Med Educ 2010;44:85-93.
    • (2010) Med Educ , vol.44 , pp. 85-93
    • van Merriënboer, J.J.G.1    Sweller, J.2
  • 16
    • 39749093168 scopus 로고
    • The magical number seven plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information
    • Miller GA. The magical number seven plus or minus two: some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychol Rev 1956;63 (2):81-97.
    • (1956) Psychol Rev , vol.63 , Issue.2 , pp. 81-97
    • Miller, G.A.1
  • 17
    • 84899899925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working memory underpins cognitive development, learning, and education
    • Cowan N. Working memory underpins cognitive development, learning, and education. Educ Psychol Rev 2014;26 (2):197-223.
    • (2014) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 197-223
    • Cowan, N.1
  • 18
    • 84898945855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive load theory: implications for medical education: AMEE Guide No. 86
    • Young JQ, van Merriënboer J, Durning S, ten Cate O. Cognitive load theory: implications for medical education: AMEE Guide No. 86. Med Teach 2014;36 (5):371-84.
    • (2014) Med Teach , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 371-384
    • Young, J.Q.1    van Merriënboer, J.2    Durning, S.3    ten Cate, O.4
  • 20
    • 0037412693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive load measurement as a means to advance cognitive load theory
    • Paas F, Tuovinen JE, Tabbers H, van Gerven PWM. Cognitive load measurement as a means to advance cognitive load theory. Educ Psychol 2003;38 (1):63-71.
    • (2003) Educ Psychol , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 63-71
    • Paas, F.1    Tuovinen, J.E.2    Tabbers, H.3    van Gerven, P.W.M.4
  • 21
    • 77952544479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Element interactivity and intrinsic, extraneous, and germane cognitive load
    • Sweller J. Element interactivity and intrinsic, extraneous, and germane cognitive load. Educ Psychol Rev 2010;22 (2):123-38.
    • (2010) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 123-138
    • Sweller, J.1
  • 22
    • 35248871108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reconsideration of cognitive load theory
    • Schnotz W, Kürschner C. A reconsideration of cognitive load theory. Educ Psychol Rev 2007;19 (4):469-508.
    • (2007) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 469-508
    • Schnotz, W.1    Kürschner, C.2
  • 23
    • 0037412694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct measurement of cognitive load in multimedia learning
    • Brunken R, Plass JL, Leutner D. Direct measurement of cognitive load in multimedia learning. Educ Psychol 2003;38 (1):53-61.
    • (2003) Educ Psychol , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-61
    • Brunken, R.1    Plass, J.L.2    Leutner, D.3
  • 24
    • 0028491580 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of cognitive load in instructional research
    • Paas FG, van Merriënboer JJ, Adam JJ. Measurement of cognitive load in instructional research. Percept Mot Skills 1994;79 (1 Pt 2):419-30.
    • (1994) Percept Mot Skills , vol.79 , Issue.1 , pp. 419-430
    • Paas, F.G.1    van Merriënboer, J.J.2    Adam, J.J.3
  • 25
    • 33750513435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using subjective measures to detect variations of intrinsic cognitive load within problems
    • Ayres P. Using subjective measures to detect variations of intrinsic cognitive load within problems. Learn Instr 2006;16 (5):389-400.
    • (2006) Learn Instr , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 389-400
    • Ayres, P.1
  • 26
    • 84935501500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limitations of subjective cognitive load measures in simulation-based procedural training
    • Naismith LM, Cheung JJH, Ringsted C, Cavalcanti RB. Limitations of subjective cognitive load measures in simulation-based procedural training. Med Educ 2015;49:805-814.
    • (2015) Med Educ , vol.49 , pp. 805-814
    • Naismith, L.M.1    Cheung, J.J.H.2    Ringsted, C.3    Cavalcanti, R.B.4
  • 27
    • 84935483931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How should we measure cognitive load in postgraduate simulation-based education?
    • Naismith L, Hambaz S, Cavalcanti RB. How should we measure cognitive load in postgraduate simulation-based education? Med Educ 2014;48 (Suppl 1):128.
    • (2014) Med Educ , vol.48 , pp. 128
    • Naismith, L.1    Hambaz, S.2    Cavalcanti, R.B.3
  • 28
    • 84947046160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring cognitive load during simulation-based psychomotor skills training: sensitivity of secondary-task performance and subjective ratings
    • PMID: 25764154. [Epub ahead of print].
    • Haji FA, Khan R, Regehr G, Drake J, de Ribaupierre S, Dubrowski A. Measuring cognitive load during simulation-based psychomotor skills training: sensitivity of secondary-task performance and subjective ratings. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2015; PMID: 25764154. [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2015) Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract
    • Haji, F.A.1    Khan, R.2    Regehr, G.3    Drake, J.4    de Ribaupierre, S.5    Dubrowski, A.6
  • 29
    • 84897765821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of secondary-task type on the sensitivity of reaction-time based measurement of cognitive load for novices learning surgical skills using simulation
    • Rojas D, Haji F, Shewaga R, Kapralos B, Dubrowski A. The impact of secondary-task type on the sensitivity of reaction-time based measurement of cognitive load for novices learning surgical skills using simulation. Stud Health Technol Inform 2014;196:353-9.
    • (2014) Stud Health Technol Inform , vol.196 , pp. 353-359
    • Rojas, D.1    Haji, F.2    Shewaga, R.3    Kapralos, B.4    Dubrowski, A.5
  • 30
    • 33745955231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Computer-assisted assessment of one-handed knot tying skills performed within various contexts: a construct validity study
    • Brydges R, Classen R, Larmer J, Xeroulis G, Dubrowski A. Computer-assisted assessment of one-handed knot tying skills performed within various contexts: a construct validity study. Am J Surg 2006;192 (1):109-13.
    • (2006) Am J Surg , vol.192 , Issue.1 , pp. 109-113
    • Brydges, R.1    Classen, R.2    Larmer, J.3    Xeroulis, G.4    Dubrowski, A.5
  • 31
    • 84899920443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of the physical environment on cognitive load and learning: towards a new model of cognitive load
    • Choi HH, van Merriënboer J, Paas F. Effects of the physical environment on cognitive load and learning: towards a new model of cognitive load. Educ Psychol Rev 2014;26:225-44.
    • (2014) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.26 , pp. 225-244
    • Choi, H.H.1    van Merriënboer, J.2    Paas, F.3
  • 32
    • 33846336133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical skill acquisition with self-directed practice using computer-based video training
    • Jowett N, Leblanc V, Xeroulis G, MacRae H, Dubrowski A. Surgical skill acquisition with self-directed practice using computer-based video training. Am J Surg 2007;193 (2):237-42.
    • (2007) Am J Surg , vol.193 , Issue.2 , pp. 237-242
    • Jowett, N.1    Leblanc, V.2    Xeroulis, G.3    MacRae, H.4    Dubrowski, A.5
  • 33
    • 33846059680 scopus 로고
    • Training strategies for attaining transfer of problem-solving skill in statistics: a cognitive-load approach
    • Paas FG. Training strategies for attaining transfer of problem-solving skill in statistics: a cognitive-load approach. J Educ Psychol 1992;84 (4):429.
    • (1992) J Educ Psychol , vol.84 , Issue.4 , pp. 429
    • Paas, F.G.1
  • 34
    • 0034756543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of electromagnetic motion tracking analysis to objectively measure open surgical skill in the laboratory-based model
    • Datta V, Mackay S, Mandalia M, Darzi A. The use of electromagnetic motion tracking analysis to objectively measure open surgical skill in the laboratory-based model. J Am Coll Surg 2001;193 (5):479-85.
    • (2001) J Am Coll Surg , vol.193 , Issue.5 , pp. 479-485
    • Datta, V.1    Mackay, S.2    Mandalia, M.3    Darzi, A.4
  • 35
    • 0036065183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between motion analysis and surgical technical assessments
    • Datta V, Chang A, Mackay S, Darzi A. The relationship between motion analysis and surgical technical assessments. Am J Surg 2002;184 (1):70-3.
    • (2002) Am J Surg , vol.184 , Issue.1 , pp. 70-73
    • Datta, V.1    Chang, A.2    Mackay, S.3    Darzi, A.4
  • 36
    • 0036357082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of cognitive load in multimedia learning using dual-task methodology
    • Brunken R, Steinbacher S, Plass JL, Leutner D. Assessment of cognitive load in multimedia learning using dual-task methodology. Exp Psychol 2002;49 (2):109-19.
    • (2002) Exp Psychol , vol.49 , Issue.2 , pp. 109-119
    • Brunken, R.1    Steinbacher, S.2    Plass, J.L.3    Leutner, D.4
  • 37
    • 33744799749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeated-measures designs (GLM 4)
    • 3rd edn. London: Sage Publications
    • Field A. Repeated-measures designs (GLM 4). Discovering Statistics Using spss, 3rd edn. London: Sage Publications 2009; 457-505.
    • (2009) Discovering Statistics Using spss , pp. 457-505
    • Field, A.1
  • 40
    • 78049302041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Higher mental workload is associated with poorer laparoscopic performance as measured by the NASA-TLX tool
    • Yurko YY, Scerbo MW, Prabhu AS, Acker CE, Stefanidis D. Higher mental workload is associated with poorer laparoscopic performance as measured by the NASA-TLX tool. Simul Healthc 2010;5 (5):267-71.
    • (2010) Simul Healthc , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 267-271
    • Yurko, Y.Y.1    Scerbo, M.W.2    Prabhu, A.S.3    Acker, C.E.4    Stefanidis, D.5
  • 42
    • 18144419387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing mental workload during laparoscopic surgery
    • Carswell C, Clarke D, Seales W. Assessing mental workload during laparoscopic surgery. Surg Innov 2005;12 (1):80-90.
    • (2005) Surg Innov , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 80-90
    • Carswell, C.1    Clarke, D.2    Seales, W.3
  • 43
    • 0041832112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validity - on the meaningful interpretation of assessment data
    • Downing SM. Validity - on the meaningful interpretation of assessment data. Med Educ 2003;37:830-7.
    • (2003) Med Educ , vol.37 , pp. 830-837
    • Downing, S.M.1
  • 45
    • 84883692940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The roles of deliberate practice and innate ability in developing expertise: evidence and implications
    • Kulasegaram KM, Grierson LEM, Norman GR. The roles of deliberate practice and innate ability in developing expertise: evidence and implications. Med Educ 2013;47:979-89.
    • (2013) Med Educ , vol.47 , pp. 979-989
    • Kulasegaram, K.M.1    Grierson, L.E.M.2    Norman, G.R.3
  • 46
    • 33846338207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of single- and multiple-stage approaches to teaching laparoscopic suturing
    • Dubrowski A, Park J, Moulton C-A, Larmer J, MacRae H. A comparison of single- and multiple-stage approaches to teaching laparoscopic suturing. Am J Surg 2007;193 (2):269-73.
    • (2007) Am J Surg , vol.193 , Issue.2 , pp. 269-273
    • Dubrowski, A.1    Park, J.2    Moulton, C.-A.3    Larmer, J.4    MacRae, H.5
  • 47
    • 77952098191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive load theory, educational research, and instructional design: some food for thought
    • de Jong T. Cognitive load theory, educational research, and instructional design: some food for thought. Instr Sci 2010;38 (2):105-34.
    • (2010) Instr Sci , vol.38 , Issue.2 , pp. 105-134
    • de Jong, T.1
  • 48
    • 61549088792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The scientific value of cognitive load theory: a research agenda based on the structuralist view of theories
    • Gerjets P, Scheiter K, Cierniak G. The scientific value of cognitive load theory: a research agenda based on the structuralist view of theories. Educ Psychol Rev 2009;21 (1):43-54.
    • (2009) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-54
    • Gerjets, P.1    Scheiter, K.2    Cierniak, G.3
  • 49
    • 84881525074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Good research requires productive theories and guidelines
    • Verkoeijen PPJL, Tabbers HK. Good research requires productive theories and guidelines. Med Educ 2013;47:863-5.
    • (2013) Med Educ , vol.47 , pp. 863-865
    • Verkoeijen, P.P.J.L.1    Tabbers, H.K.2
  • 50
    • 59049088701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining the split-attention effect: is the reduction of extraneous cognitive load accompanied by an increase in germane cognitive load?
    • Cierniak G, Scheiter K, Gerjets P. Explaining the split-attention effect: is the reduction of extraneous cognitive load accompanied by an increase in germane cognitive load? Comput Human Behav 2009;25 (2):315-24.
    • (2009) Comput Human Behav , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 315-324
    • Cierniak, G.1    Scheiter, K.2    Gerjets, P.3
  • 52
    • 78651288965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive load theory: how many types of load does it really need?
    • Kalyuga S. Cognitive load theory: how many types of load does it really need? Educ Psychol Rev 2011;23 (1):1-19.
    • (2011) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-19
    • Kalyuga, S.1
  • 55
    • 84943633872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of task-evoked pupillary response as an objective measure of cognitive load in novices and trained physicians
    • PMID: 25738386. [Epub ahead of print].
    • Szulewski A, Roth N, Howes D. The use of task-evoked pupillary response as an objective measure of cognitive load in novices and trained physicians. Acad Med 2015; PMID: 25738386. [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2015) Acad Med
    • Szulewski, A.1    Roth, N.2    Howes, D.3
  • 56
    • 18844441224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive load theory and complex learning: recent developments and future directions
    • van Merriënboer JJG, Sweller J. Cognitive load theory and complex learning: recent developments and future directions. Educ Psychol Rev 2005;17 (2):147-77.
    • (2005) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 147-177
    • van Merriënboer, J.J.G.1    Sweller, J.2
  • 57
    • 84867761673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotion, cognitive load and learning outcomes during simulation training
    • Fraser K, Ma I, Teteris E, Baxter H, Wright B, McLaughlin K. Emotion, cognitive load and learning outcomes during simulation training. Med Educ 2012;46:1055-62.
    • (2012) Med Educ , vol.46 , pp. 1055-1062
    • Fraser, K.1    Ma, I.2    Teteris, E.3    Baxter, H.4    Wright, B.5    McLaughlin, K.6
  • 58
    • 83555174727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep deprivation increases cognitive workload during simulated surgical tasks
    • Tomasko JM, Pauli EM, Kunselman AR, Haluck RS. Sleep deprivation increases cognitive workload during simulated surgical tasks. Am J Surg 2012;203 (1):37-43.
    • (2012) Am J Surg , vol.203 , Issue.1 , pp. 37-43
    • Tomasko, J.M.1    Pauli, E.M.2    Kunselman, A.R.3    Haluck, R.S.4
  • 59
    • 84856734061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evolutionary upgrade of cognitive load theory: using the human motor system and collaboration to support the learning of complex cognitive tasks
    • Paas F, Sweller J. An evolutionary upgrade of cognitive load theory: using the human motor system and collaboration to support the learning of complex cognitive tasks. Educ Psychol Rev 2011;24 (1):27-45.
    • (2011) Educ Psychol Rev , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-45
    • Paas, F.1    Sweller, J.2
  • 60
    • 0042162972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of working memory in motor learning and performance
    • Maxwell JP, Masters RSW, Eves FF. The role of working memory in motor learning and performance. Conscious Cogn 2003;12 (3):376-402.
    • (2003) Conscious Cogn , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 376-402
    • Maxwell, J.P.1    Masters, R.S.W.2    Eves, F.F.3
  • 61
    • 0012814576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing cognitive load - recent trends in cognitive load theory
    • Bannert M. Managing cognitive load - recent trends in cognitive load theory. Learn Instr 2002;12 (1):139-46.
    • (2002) Learn Instr , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 139-146
    • Bannert, M.1
  • 62
    • 27644538341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance vs. learning curves: what is motor learning and how is it measured?
    • Dubrowski A. Performance vs. learning curves: what is motor learning and how is it measured? Surg Endosc 2005;19 (9):1290.
    • (2005) Surg Endosc , vol.19 , Issue.9 , pp. 1290
    • Dubrowski, A.1
  • 63
    • 77956743731 scopus 로고
    • Can forgetting facilitate skill acquisition?
    • In: Goodman D, Wilberg RB, Franks IM, eds. . Amsterdam: Elsevier Science ;-.
    • Lee TD, Magill RA. Can forgetting facilitate skill acquisition? In: Goodman D, Wilberg RB, Franks IM, eds. Differing Perspectives in Motor Learning, Memory, and Control. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science 1985;3-22.
    • (1985) Differing Perspectives in Motor Learning, Memory, and Control , pp. 3-22
    • Lee, T.D.1    Magill, R.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.