메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 179-188

Targeting BRAF mutant metastatic colorectal cancer: clinical implications and emerging therapeutic strategies

Author keywords

Biomarker; BRAF; Colorectal cancer; Resistance mechanism; Targeted therapy

Indexed keywords

8 [4 (1 AMINOCYCLOBUTYL)PHENYL] 9 PHENYL 1,2,4 TRIAZOLO[3,4 F][1,6]NAPHTHYRIDIN 3(2H) ONE; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; B RAF KINASE; B RAF KINASE INHIBITOR; BEVACIZUMAB; CAPECITABINE; CETUXIMAB; DACARBAZINE; ERLOTINIB; GEFITINIB; IRINOTECAN; K RAS PROTEIN; N [3 (5 CHLORO 1H PYRROLO[2,3 B]PYRIDINE 3 CARBONYL) 2,4 DIFLUOROPHENYL]PROPANESULFONAMIDE; OXALIPLATIN; VEMURAFENIB; BRAF PROTEIN, HUMAN; PROTEIN KINASE INHIBITOR;

EID: 84930539609     PISSN: 17762596     EISSN: 1776260X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11523-014-0330-0     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (28)

References (78)
  • 1
    • 22244472992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poor survival associated with the BRAF V600E mutation in microsatellite-stable colon cancers
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXmt1ehtLY%3D, PID: 16024606
    • Samowitz WS, Sweeney C, Herrick J, Albertsen H, Levin TR, Murtaugh MA et al (2005) Poor survival associated with the BRAF V600E mutation in microsatellite-stable colon cancers. Cancer Res 65(14):6063–6069
    • (2005) Cancer Res , vol.65 , Issue.14 , pp. 6063-6069
    • Samowitz, W.S.1    Sweeney, C.2    Herrick, J.3    Albertsen, H.4    Levin, T.R.5    Murtaugh, M.A.6
  • 2
    • 79952463028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimizing targeted therapeutic development: analysis of a colorectal cancer patient population with the BRAF(V600E) mutation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXivVGgsLs%3D, PID: 20635392
    • Tie J, Gibbs P, Lipton L, Christie M, Jorissen RN, Burgess AW et al (2011) Optimizing targeted therapeutic development: analysis of a colorectal cancer patient population with the BRAF(V600E) mutation. Int J Cancer 128(9):2075–2084
    • (2011) Int J Cancer , vol.128 , Issue.9 , pp. 2075-2084
    • Tie, J.1    Gibbs, P.2    Lipton, L.3    Christie, M.4    Jorissen, R.N.5    Burgess, A.W.6
  • 3
    • 75749102647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic role of KRAS and BRAF in stage II and III resected colon cancer: results of the translational study on the PETACC-3, EORTC 40993, SAKK 60–00 trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXivFartb4%3D, PID: 20008640
    • Roth AD, Tejpar S, Delorenzi M, Yan P, Fiocca R, Klingbiel D et al (2010) Prognostic role of KRAS and BRAF in stage II and III resected colon cancer: results of the translational study on the PETACC-3, EORTC 40993, SAKK 60–00 trial. J Clin Oncol 28(3):466–474. doi:10.1200/jco.2009.23.3452. Epub 2009 Dec 14
    • (2010) J Clin Oncol , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 466-474
    • Roth, A.D.1    Tejpar, S.2    Delorenzi, M.3    Yan, P.4    Fiocca, R.5    Klingbiel, D.6
  • 4
    • 67649652208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF mutation in metastatic colorectal cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXotFWqsbg%3D, PID: 19571295
    • Tol J, Nagtegaal I, Punt C (2009) BRAF mutation in metastatic colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 361(1):98–99
    • (2009) N. Engl. J. Med , vol.361 , Issue.1 , pp. 98-99
    • Tol, J.1    Nagtegaal, I.2    Punt, C.3
  • 5
    • 84863012433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antitumor activity of BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib in preclinical models of BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhslCjt74%3D, PID: 22180495
    • Yang H, Higgins B, Kolinsky K, Packman K, Bradley WD, Lee RJ et al (2012) Antitumor activity of BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib in preclinical models of BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer. Cancer Res 72(3):779–789
    • (2012) Cancer Res , vol.72 , Issue.3 , pp. 779-789
    • Yang, H.1    Higgins, B.2    Kolinsky, K.3    Packman, K.4    Bradley, W.D.5    Lee, R.J.6
  • 6
    • 0021176623 scopus 로고
    • Homologous cell-derived oncogenes in avian carcinoma virus MH2 and murine sarcoma virus 3611
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXpslCruw%3D%3D, PID: 6319999
    • Jansen HW, Lurz R, Bister K, Bonner TI, Mark GE, Rapp UR (1984) Homologous cell-derived oncogenes in avian carcinoma virus MH2 and murine sarcoma virus 3611. Nature 307(5948):281–284
    • (1984) Nature , vol.307 , Issue.5948 , pp. 281-284
    • Jansen, H.W.1    Lurz, R.2    Bister, K.3    Bonner, T.I.4    Mark, G.E.5    Rapp, U.R.6
  • 7
    • 0021277977 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequence of avian retroviral oncogene v-mil: homologue of murine retroviral oncogene v-raf
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaL2cXks1Krur8%3D, PID: 6325930
    • Sutrave P, Bonner TI, Rapp UR, Jansen HW, Patschinsky T, Bister K (1984) Nucleotide sequence of avian retroviral oncogene v-mil: homologue of murine retroviral oncogene v-raf. Nature 309(5963):85–88
    • (1984) Nature , vol.309 , Issue.5963 , pp. 85-88
    • Sutrave, P.1    Bonner, T.I.2    Rapp, U.R.3    Jansen, H.W.4    Patschinsky, T.5    Bister, K.6
  • 8
    • 38949131824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF(E600) in benign and malignant human tumours
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhs1Kgs7k%3D, PID: 17724477
    • Michaloglou C, Vredeveld LC, Mooi WJ, Peeper DS (2008) BRAF(E600) in benign and malignant human tumours. Oncogene 27(7):877–895
    • (2008) Oncogene , vol.27 , Issue.7 , pp. 877-895
    • Michaloglou, C.1    Vredeveld, L.C.2    Mooi, W.J.3    Peeper, D.S.4
  • 9
    • 0037400510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of regulating the Raf kinase family
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhvFajsrw%3D, PID: 12639709
    • Chong H, Vikis HG, Guan KL (2003) Mechanisms of regulating the Raf kinase family. Cell Signal 15(5):463–469
    • (2003) Cell Signal , vol.15 , Issue.5 , pp. 463-469
    • Chong, H.1    Vikis, H.G.2    Guan, K.L.3
  • 10
    • 33749635119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raf kinases: oncogenesis and drug discovery
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtVylsL3N, PID: 16894562
    • Schreck R, Rapp UR (2006) Raf kinases: oncogenesis and drug discovery. Int J Cancer 119(10):2261–2271
    • (2006) Int J Cancer , vol.119 , Issue.10 , pp. 2261-2271
    • Schreck, R.1    Rapp, U.R.2
  • 11
    • 18444374405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XkvVagsLo%3D, PID: 12068308
    • Davies H, Bignell GR, Cox C, Stephens P, Edkins S, Clegg S et al (2002) Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer. Nature 417(6892):949–954
    • (2002) Nature , vol.417 , Issue.6892 , pp. 949-954
    • Davies, H.1    Bignell, G.R.2    Cox, C.3    Stephens, P.4    Edkins, S.5    Clegg, S.6
  • 12
    • 1342299898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation analysis of the BRAF, ARAF and RAF-1 genes in human colorectal adenocarcinomas
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXisF2ltL0%3D, PID: 14688025
    • Fransen K, Klintenas M, Osterstrom A, Dimberg J, Monstein HJ, Soderkvist P (2004) Mutation analysis of the BRAF, ARAF and RAF-1 genes in human colorectal adenocarcinomas. Carcinogenesis 25(4):527–533
    • (2004) Carcinogenesis , vol.25 , Issue.4 , pp. 527-533
    • Fransen, K.1    Klintenas, M.2    Osterstrom, A.3    Dimberg, J.4    Monstein, H.J.5    Soderkvist, P.6
  • 14
    • 5444227865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guilty as charged: B-RAF is a human oncogene
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXpsF2rt7s%3D, PID: 15488754
    • Garnett MJ, Marais R (2004) Guilty as charged: B-RAF is a human oncogene. Cancer Cell 6(4):313–319
    • (2004) Cancer Cell , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 313-319
    • Garnett, M.J.1    Marais, R.2
  • 15
    • 80053014471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features and outcome of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer harboring BRAF mutations
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtlWqsLrJ, PID: 21825258
    • Marchetti A, Felicioni L, Malatesta S, Grazia Sciarrotta M, Guetti L, Chella A et al (2011) Clinical features and outcome of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer harboring BRAF mutations. J Clin Oncol 29(26):3574–3579
    • (2011) J Clin Oncol , vol.29 , Issue.26 , pp. 3574-3579
    • Marchetti, A.1    Felicioni, L.2    Malatesta, S.3    Grazia Sciarrotta, M.4    Guetti, L.5    Chella, A.6
  • 16
    • 84883022821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical, pathologic, and biologic features associated with BRAF mutations in non-small cell lung cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhtlSitr3M, PID: 23833300
    • Cardarella S, Ogino A, Nishino M, Butaney M, Shen J, Lydon C et al (2013) Clinical, pathologic, and biologic features associated with BRAF mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 19(16):4532–4540
    • (2013) Clin Cancer Res , vol.19 , Issue.16 , pp. 4532-4540
    • Cardarella, S.1    Ogino, A.2    Nishino, M.3    Butaney, M.4    Shen, J.5    Lydon, C.6
  • 17
    • 34248583886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MAP kinase signalling pathways in cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXlt1WktLc%3D, PID: 17496922
    • Dhillon AS, Hagan S, Rath O, Kolch W (2007) MAP kinase signalling pathways in cancer. Oncogene 26(22):3279–3290
    • (2007) Oncogene , vol.26 , Issue.22 , pp. 3279-3290
    • Dhillon, A.S.1    Hagan, S.2    Rath, O.3    Kolch, W.4
  • 18
    • 27244457769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raf: a strategic target for therapeutic development against cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtFWqsb7P, PID: 16170185
    • Beeram M, Patnaik A, Rowinsky EK (2005) Raf: a strategic target for therapeutic development against cancer. J Clin Oncol 23(27):6771–6790
    • (2005) J Clin Oncol , vol.23 , Issue.27 , pp. 6771-6790
    • Beeram, M.1    Patnaik, A.2    Rowinsky, E.K.3
  • 19
    • 34248591612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting the Raf-MEK-ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade for the treatment of cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXlt1Wktb4%3D, PID: 17496923
    • Roberts PJ, Der CJ (2007) Targeting the Raf-MEK-ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade for the treatment of cancer. Oncogene 26(22):3291–3310
    • (2007) Oncogene , vol.26 , Issue.22 , pp. 3291-3310
    • Roberts, P.J.1    Der, C.J.2
  • 20
    • 0141816881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of BRAF(V599E) in human melanoma abrogates transformation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXntlekt7k%3D, PID: 14500344
    • Hingorani SR, Jacobetz MA, Robertson GP, Herlyn M, Tuveson DA (2003) Suppression of BRAF(V599E) in human melanoma abrogates transformation. Cancer Res 63(17):5198–5202
    • (2003) Cancer Res , vol.63 , Issue.17 , pp. 5198-5202
    • Hingorani, S.R.1    Jacobetz, M.A.2    Robertson, G.P.3    Herlyn, M.4    Tuveson, D.A.5
  • 21
    • 16844362816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutant V599EB-Raf regulates growth and vascular development of malignant melanoma tumors
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXisFGns7Y%3D, PID: 15781657
    • Sharma A, Trivedi NR, Zimmerman MA, Tuveson DA, Smith CD, Robertson GP (2005) Mutant V599EB-Raf regulates growth and vascular development of malignant melanoma tumors. Cancer Res 65(6):2412–2421
    • (2005) Cancer Res , vol.65 , Issue.6 , pp. 2412-2421
    • Sharma, A.1    Trivedi, N.R.2    Zimmerman, M.A.3    Tuveson, D.A.4    Smith, C.D.5    Robertson, G.P.6
  • 22
    • 28844433551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective inhibition of cell growth and invasion of melanoma by combined suppression of BRAF (V599E) and Skp2 with lentiviral RNAi
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtlWqsL%2FL, PID: 16052531
    • Sumimoto H, Hirata K, Yamagata S, Miyoshi H, Miyagishi M, Taira K et al (2006) Effective inhibition of cell growth and invasion of melanoma by combined suppression of BRAF (V599E) and Skp2 with lentiviral RNAi. Int J Cancer 118(2):472–476
    • (2006) Int J Cancer , vol.118 , Issue.2 , pp. 472-476
    • Sumimoto, H.1    Hirata, K.2    Yamagata, S.3    Miyoshi, H.4    Miyagishi, M.5    Taira, K.6
  • 23
    • 24744446040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracing origin of serrated adenomas with BRAF and KRAS mutations
    • PID: 15991007
    • Lee EJ, Choi C, Park CK, Maeng L, Lee J, Lee A et al (2005) Tracing origin of serrated adenomas with BRAF and KRAS mutations. Virchows Arch 447(3):597–602
    • (2005) Virchows Arch , vol.447 , Issue.3 , pp. 597-602
    • Lee, E.J.1    Choi, C.2    Park, C.K.3    Maeng, L.4    Lee, J.5    Lee, A.6
  • 24
    • 0042941629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF and KRAS mutations in colorectal hyperplastic polyps and serrated adenomas
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXms12nsrc%3D, PID: 12941809
    • Chan TL, Zhao W, Leung SY, Yuen ST (2003) BRAF and KRAS mutations in colorectal hyperplastic polyps and serrated adenomas. Cancer Res 63(16):4878–4881
    • (2003) Cancer Res , vol.63 , Issue.16 , pp. 4878-4881
    • Chan, T.L.1    Zhao, W.2    Leung, S.Y.3    Yuen, S.T.4
  • 25
    • 77952092674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KRAS and BRAF mutational status in primary colorectal tumors and related metastatic sites: biological and clinical implications
    • PID: 20049644
    • Italiano A, Hostein I, Soubeyran I, Fabas T, Benchimol D, Evrard S et al (2010) KRAS and BRAF mutational status in primary colorectal tumors and related metastatic sites: biological and clinical implications. Ann Surg Oncol 17(5):1429–1434
    • (2010) Ann Surg Oncol , vol.17 , Issue.5 , pp. 1429-1434
    • Italiano, A.1    Hostein, I.2    Soubeyran, I.3    Fabas, T.4    Benchimol, D.5    Evrard, S.6
  • 26
    • 0141593677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF mutations in colon cancer are not likely attributable to defective DNA mismatch repair
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXntlekt7c%3D, PID: 14500346
    • Wang L, Cunningham JM, Winters JL, Guenther JC, French AJ, Boardman LA et al (2003) BRAF mutations in colon cancer are not likely attributable to defective DNA mismatch repair. Cancer Res 63(17):5209–5212
    • (2003) Cancer Res , vol.63 , Issue.17 , pp. 5209-5212
    • Wang, L.1    Cunningham, J.M.2    Winters, J.L.3    Guenther, J.C.4    French, A.J.5    Boardman, L.A.6
  • 27
    • 0346057796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF mutations characterize colon but not gastric cancer with mismatch repair deficiency
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXps1yitLc%3D, PID: 14668801
    • Oliveira C, Pinto M, Duval A, Brennetot C, Domingo E, Espin E et al (2003) BRAF mutations characterize colon but not gastric cancer with mismatch repair deficiency. Oncogene 22(57):9192–9196
    • (2003) Oncogene , vol.22 , Issue.57 , pp. 9192-9196
    • Oliveira, C.1    Pinto, M.2    Duval, A.3    Brennetot, C.4    Domingo, E.5    Espin, E.6
  • 28
    • 50349091081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic significance of defective mismatch repair and BRAF V600E in patients with colon cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmslygsbo%3D, PID: 18519771
    • French AJ, Sargent DJ, Burgart LJ, Foster NR, Kabat BF, Goldberg R et al (2008) Prognostic significance of defective mismatch repair and BRAF V600E in patients with colon cancer. Clin Cancer Res 14(11):3408–3415
    • (2008) Clin Cancer Res , vol.14 , Issue.11 , pp. 3408-3415
    • French, A.J.1    Sargent, D.J.2    Burgart, L.J.3    Foster, N.R.4    Kabat, B.F.5    Goldberg, R.6
  • 29
    • 33745500432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) of colorectal cancer is best characterised by quantitative DNA methylation analysis and prospective cohort studies
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XntF2mu7w%3D, PID: 16407376
    • Ogino S, Cantor M, Kawasaki T, Brahmandam M, Kirkner GJ, Weisenberger DJ et al (2006) CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) of colorectal cancer is best characterised by quantitative DNA methylation analysis and prospective cohort studies. Gut 55(7):1000–1006
    • (2006) Gut , vol.55 , Issue.7 , pp. 1000-1006
    • Ogino, S.1    Cantor, M.2    Kawasaki, T.3    Brahmandam, M.4    Kirkner, G.J.5    Weisenberger, D.J.6
  • 30
    • 33845691410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet and lifestyle factor associations with CpG island methylator phenotype and BRAF mutations in colon cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtlGqs77P, PID: 17096326
    • Slattery ML, Curtin K, Sweeney C, Levin TR, Potter J, Wolff RK et al (2007) Diet and lifestyle factor associations with CpG island methylator phenotype and BRAF mutations in colon cancer. Int J Cancer 120(3):656–663
    • (2007) Int J Cancer , vol.120 , Issue.3 , pp. 656-663
    • Slattery, M.L.1    Curtin, K.2    Sweeney, C.3    Levin, T.R.4    Potter, J.5    Wolff, R.K.6
  • 31
    • 32044455746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF mutations are associated with distinctive clinical, pathological and molecular features of colorectal cancer independently of microsatellite instability status
    • PID: 16403224
    • Li WQ, Kawakami K, Ruszkiewicz A, Bennett G, Moore J, Iacopetta B (2006) BRAF mutations are associated with distinctive clinical, pathological and molecular features of colorectal cancer independently of microsatellite instability status. Mol Cancer 5:2
    • (2006) Mol Cancer , vol.5 , pp. 2
    • Li, W.Q.1    Kawakami, K.2    Ruszkiewicz, A.3    Bennett, G.4    Moore, J.5    Iacopetta, B.6
  • 32
    • 3242686837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF mutation is associated with DNA methylation in serrated polyps and cancers of the colorectum
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmvVehtLc%3D, PID: 15247181
    • Kambara T, Simms LA, Whitehall VL, Spring KJ, Wynter CV, Walsh MD et al (2004) BRAF mutation is associated with DNA methylation in serrated polyps and cancers of the colorectum. Gut 53(8):1137–1144
    • (2004) Gut , vol.53 , Issue.8 , pp. 1137-1144
    • Kambara, T.1    Simms, L.A.2    Whitehall, V.L.3    Spring, K.J.4    Wynter, C.V.5    Walsh, M.D.6
  • 33
    • 54249165951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypermethylator phenotype in sporadic colon cancer: study on a population-based series of 582 cases
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1CmsbvK, PID: 18922929
    • Barault L, Charon-Barra C, Jooste V, de la Vega MF, Martin L, Roignot P et al (2008) Hypermethylator phenotype in sporadic colon cancer: study on a population-based series of 582 cases. Cancer Res 68(20):8541–8546
    • (2008) Cancer Res , vol.68 , Issue.20 , pp. 8541-8546
    • Barault, L.1    Charon-Barra, C.2    Jooste, V.3    de la Vega, M.F.4    Martin, L.5    Roignot, P.6
  • 34
    • 33745541234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG island methylator phenotype underlies sporadic microsatellite instability and is tightly associated with BRAF mutation in colorectal cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XmtFyqsr8%3D, PID: 16804544
    • Weisenberger DJ, Siegmund KD, Campan M, Young J, Long TI, Faasse MA et al (2006) CpG island methylator phenotype underlies sporadic microsatellite instability and is tightly associated with BRAF mutation in colorectal cancer. Nat Genet 38(7):787–793
    • (2006) Nat Genet , vol.38 , Issue.7 , pp. 787-793
    • Weisenberger, D.J.1    Siegmund, K.D.2    Campan, M.3    Young, J.4    Long, T.I.5    Faasse, M.A.6
  • 35
    • 58249089525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG island methylator phenotype, microsatellite instability, BRAF mutation and clinical outcome in colon cancer
    • PID: 18832519
    • Ogino S, Nosho K, Kirkner GJ, Kawasaki T, Meyerhardt JA, Loda M et al (2009) CpG island methylator phenotype, microsatellite instability, BRAF mutation and clinical outcome in colon cancer. Gut 58(1):90–96
    • (2009) Gut , vol.58 , Issue.1 , pp. 90-96
    • Ogino, S.1    Nosho, K.2    Kirkner, G.J.3    Kawasaki, T.4    Meyerhardt, J.A.5    Loda, M.6
  • 36
    • 13144307115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biallelic inactivation of hMLH1 by epigenetic gene silencing, a novel mechanism causing human MSI cancers
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXkvFalsL8%3D, PID: 9671741
    • Veigl ML, Kasturi L, Olechnowicz J, Ma AH, Lutterbaugh JD, Periyasamy S et al (1998) Biallelic inactivation of hMLH1 by epigenetic gene silencing, a novel mechanism causing human MSI cancers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95(15):8698–8702
    • (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.95 , Issue.15 , pp. 8698-8702
    • Veigl, M.L.1    Kasturi, L.2    Olechnowicz, J.3    Ma, A.H.4    Lutterbaugh, J.D.5    Periyasamy, S.6
  • 37
    • 73349090944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular screening for Lynch syndrome: from bench to bedside
    • PID: 19858372, author reply e5
    • Jensen LH, Lindebjerg J, Kolvraa S, Cruger DG (2009) Molecular screening for Lynch syndrome: from bench to bedside. J Clin Oncol 27(34):e224, author reply e5
    • (2009) J Clin Oncol , vol.27 , Issue.34 , pp. 224
    • Jensen, L.H.1    Lindebjerg, J.2    Kolvraa, S.3    Cruger, D.G.4
  • 38
    • 59849129653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EGAPP supplementary evidence review: DNA testing strategies aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality from Lynch syndrome
    • PID: 19125127
    • Palomaki GE, McClain MR, Melillo S, Hampel HL, Thibodeau SN (2009) EGAPP supplementary evidence review: DNA testing strategies aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality from Lynch syndrome. Genet Med 11(1):42–65
    • (2009) Genet Med , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 42-65
    • Palomaki, G.E.1    McClain, M.R.2    Melillo, S.3    Hampel, H.L.4    Thibodeau, S.N.5
  • 39
    • 32844456752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct molecular features of colorectal carcinoma with signet ring cell component and colorectal carcinoma with mucinous component
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtlSqu7%2FJ, PID: 16118624
    • Ogino S, Brahmandam M, Cantor M, Namgyal C, Kawasaki T, Kirkner G et al (2006) Distinct molecular features of colorectal carcinoma with signet ring cell component and colorectal carcinoma with mucinous component. Mod Pathol 19(1):59–68
    • (2006) Mod Pathol , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-68
    • Ogino, S.1    Brahmandam, M.2    Cantor, M.3    Namgyal, C.4    Kawasaki, T.5    Kirkner, G.6
  • 40
    • 77950356773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary, lifestyle and clinicopathological factors associated with BRAF and K-ras mutations arising in distinct subsets of colorectal cancers in the EPIC Norfolk study
    • PID: 20233436
    • Naguib A, Mitrou PN, Gay LJ, Cooke JC, Luben RN, Ball RY et al (2010) Dietary, lifestyle and clinicopathological factors associated with BRAF and K-ras mutations arising in distinct subsets of colorectal cancers in the EPIC Norfolk study. BMC Cancer 10:99
    • (2010) BMC Cancer , vol.10 , pp. 99
    • Naguib, A.1    Mitrou, P.N.2    Gay, L.J.3    Cooke, J.C.4    Luben, R.N.5    Ball, R.Y.6
  • 41
    • 70449698237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer and central nervous system metastases
    • PID: 19770385
    • Leyland-Jones B (2009) Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer and central nervous system metastases. J Clin Oncol 27(31):5278–5286
    • (2009) J Clin Oncol , vol.27 , Issue.31 , pp. 5278-5286
    • Leyland-Jones, B.1
  • 42
    • 79958817037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of BRAF mutation and microsatellite instability on the pattern of metastatic spread and prognosis in metastatic colorectal cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXht1Kkur7M, PID: 21456008
    • Tran B, Kopetz S, Tie J, Gibbs P, Jiang ZQ, Lieu CH et al (2011) Impact of BRAF mutation and microsatellite instability on the pattern of metastatic spread and prognosis in metastatic colorectal cancer. Cancer 117(20):4623–4632
    • (2011) Cancer , vol.117 , Issue.20 , pp. 4623-4632
    • Tran, B.1    Kopetz, S.2    Tie, J.3    Gibbs, P.4    Jiang, Z.Q.5    Lieu, C.H.6
  • 43
    • 0033038701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of metastatic site as an additional predictor for response and outcome in advanced colorectal carcinoma
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1M3itFWgtQ%3D%3D, PID: 10206296
    • Assersohn L, Norman A, Cunningham D, Benepal T, Ross PJ, Oates J (1999) Influence of metastatic site as an additional predictor for response and outcome in advanced colorectal carcinoma. Br J Cancer 79(11–12):1800–1805
    • (1999) Br J Cancer , vol.79 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 1800-1805
    • Assersohn, L.1    Norman, A.2    Cunningham, D.3    Benepal, T.4    Ross, P.J.5    Oates, J.6
  • 44
    • 62549089251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mucinous histology predicts for poor response rate and overall survival of patients with colorectal cancer and treated with first-line oxaliplatin- and/or irinotecan-based chemotherapy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXjt1GjsL0%3D, PID: 19259089
    • Catalano V, Loupakis F, Graziano F, Torresi U, Bisonni R, Mari D et al (2009) Mucinous histology predicts for poor response rate and overall survival of patients with colorectal cancer and treated with first-line oxaliplatin- and/or irinotecan-based chemotherapy. Br J Cancer 100(6):881–887
    • (2009) Br J Cancer , vol.100 , Issue.6 , pp. 881-887
    • Catalano, V.1    Loupakis, F.2    Graziano, F.3    Torresi, U.4    Bisonni, R.5    Mari, D.6
  • 45
    • 73349114941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KRAS and BRAF mutations in advanced colorectal cancer are associated with poor prognosis but do not preclude benefit from oxaliplatin or irinotecan: results from the MRC FOCUS trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtVWisL4%3D, PID: 19884549
    • Richman SD, Seymour MT, Chambers P, Elliott F, Daly CL, Meade AM et al (2009) KRAS and BRAF mutations in advanced colorectal cancer are associated with poor prognosis but do not preclude benefit from oxaliplatin or irinotecan: results from the MRC FOCUS trial. J Clin Oncol 27(35):5931–5937
    • (2009) J Clin Oncol , vol.27 , Issue.35 , pp. 5931-5937
    • Richman, S.D.1    Seymour, M.T.2    Chambers, P.3    Elliott, F.4    Daly, C.L.5    Meade, A.M.6
  • 46
    • 78649739337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cetuximab with chemotherapy (CT) as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): analysis of the CRYSTAL and OPUS studies according to KRAS and BRAF mutation status
    • Bokemeyer C, Kohne C, Rougier P, Stroh C, Schlichting M, Cutsem EV (2010) Cetuximab with chemotherapy (CT) as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): analysis of the CRYSTAL and OPUS studies according to KRAS and BRAF mutation status. J Clin Oncol 28(15 s):abstr 3506
    • (2010) J Clin Oncol 28(15 s):abstr , pp. 3506
    • Bokemeyer, C.1    Kohne, C.2    Rougier, P.3    Stroh, C.4    Schlichting, M.5    Cutsem, E.V.6
  • 47
    • 68149165771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic and predictive value of common mutations for treatment response and survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXpsVKmsr4%3D, PID: 19603024
    • Souglakos J, Philips J, Wang R, Marwah S, Silver M, Tzardi M et al (2009) Prognostic and predictive value of common mutations for treatment response and survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 101(3):465–472
    • (2009) Br J Cancer , vol.101 , Issue.3 , pp. 465-472
    • Souglakos, J.1    Philips, J.2    Wang, R.3    Marwah, S.4    Silver, M.5    Tzardi, M.6
  • 48
    • 84862026304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addition of cetuximab to chemotherapy as first-line treatment for KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: pooled analysis of the CRYSTAL and OPUS randomised clinical trials
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XkvFSlsro%3D, PID: 22446022
    • Bokemeyer C, Van Cutsem E, Rougier P, Ciardiello F, Heeger S, Schlichting M et al (2012) Addition of cetuximab to chemotherapy as first-line treatment for KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: pooled analysis of the CRYSTAL and OPUS randomised clinical trials. Eur J Cancer 48(10):1466–1475
    • (2012) Eur J Cancer , vol.48 , Issue.10 , pp. 1466-1475
    • Bokemeyer, C.1    Van Cutsem, E.2    Rougier, P.3    Ciardiello, F.4    Heeger, S.5    Schlichting, M.6
  • 49
    • 78649473910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The BRAF V600E mutation is an independent prognostic factor for survival in stage II and stage III colon cancer patients
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BC3cbotFKjsw%3D%3D, PID: 20501503
    • Farina-Sarasqueta A, van Lijnschoten G, Moerland E, Creemers GJ, Lemmens VE, Rutten HJ et al (2010) The BRAF V600E mutation is an independent prognostic factor for survival in stage II and stage III colon cancer patients. Ann Oncol 21(12):2396–2402
    • (2010) Ann Oncol , vol.21 , Issue.12 , pp. 2396-2402
    • Farina-Sarasqueta, A.1    van Lijnschoten, G.2    Moerland, E.3    Creemers, G.J.4    Lemmens, V.E.5    Rutten, H.J.6
  • 50
    • 57449095367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wild-type BRAF is required for response to panitumumab or cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer
    • PID: 19001320
    • Di Nicolantonio F, Martini M, Molinari F, Sartore-Bianchi A, Arena S, Saletti P et al (2008) Wild-type BRAF is required for response to panitumumab or cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 26(35):5705–5712
    • (2008) J Clin Oncol , vol.26 , Issue.35 , pp. 5705-5712
    • Di Nicolantonio, F.1    Martini, M.2    Molinari, F.3    Sartore-Bianchi, A.4    Arena, S.5    Saletti, P.6
  • 51
    • 68749119351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KRAS codon 61, 146 and BRAF mutations predict resistance to cetuximab plus irinotecan in KRAS codon 12 and 13 wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXpvFyisb0%3D, PID: 19603018
    • Loupakis F, Ruzzo A, Cremolini C, Vincenzi B, Salvatore L, Santini D et al (2009) KRAS codon 61, 146 and BRAF mutations predict resistance to cetuximab plus irinotecan in KRAS codon 12 and 13 wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 101(4):715–721
    • (2009) Br J Cancer , vol.101 , Issue.4 , pp. 715-721
    • Loupakis, F.1    Ruzzo, A.2    Cremolini, C.3    Vincenzi, B.4    Salvatore, L.5    Santini, D.6
  • 52
    • 77955277111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, and PIK3CA mutations on the efficacy of cetuximab plus chemotherapy in chemotherapy–refractory metastatic colorectal cancer: a retrospective consortium analysis
    • PID: 20619739
    • De Roock W, Claes B, Bernasconi D, De Schutter J, Biesmans B, Fountzilas G et al (2010) Effects of KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, and PIK3CA mutations on the efficacy of cetuximab plus chemotherapy in chemotherapy–refractory metastatic colorectal cancer: a retrospective consortium analysis. Lancet Oncol 11(8):753–762
    • (2010) Lancet Oncol , vol.11 , Issue.8 , pp. 753-762
    • De Roock, W.1    Claes, B.2    Bernasconi, D.3    De Schutter, J.4    Biesmans, B.5    Fountzilas, G.6
  • 53
    • 73349094741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of PTEN, BRAF, and EGFR status in determining benefit from cetuximab therapy in wild-type KRAS metastatic colon cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtVWis7c%3D, PID: 19884556
    • Laurent-Puig P, Cayre A, Manceau G, Buc E, Bachet JB, Lecomte T et al (2009) Analysis of PTEN, BRAF, and EGFR status in determining benefit from cetuximab therapy in wild-type KRAS metastatic colon cancer. J Clin Oncol 27(35):5924–5930
    • (2009) J Clin Oncol , vol.27 , Issue.35 , pp. 5924-5930
    • Laurent-Puig, P.1    Cayre, A.2    Manceau, G.3    Buc, E.4    Bachet, J.B.5    Lecomte, T.6
  • 54
    • 77954215850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Markers for EGFR pathway activation as predictor of outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with or without cetuximab
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXosVKjsbw%3D, PID: 20413299
    • Tol J, Dijkstra JR, Klomp M, Teerenstra S, Dommerholt M, Vink-Borger ME et al (2010) Markers for EGFR pathway activation as predictor of outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with or without cetuximab. Eur J Cancer 46(11):1997–2009
    • (2010) Eur J Cancer , vol.46 , Issue.11 , pp. 1997-2009
    • Tol, J.1    Dijkstra, J.R.2    Klomp, M.3    Teerenstra, S.4    Dommerholt, M.5    Vink-Borger, M.E.6
  • 55
    • 61449236552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P53 and EGFR expression in colorectal cancer: a reappraisal of ‘old’ tissue markers in patients with long follow-up
    • PID: 19331236
    • Theodoropoulos GE, Karafoka E, Papailiou JG, Stamopoulos P, Zambirinis CP, Bramis K et al (2009) P53 and EGFR expression in colorectal cancer: a reappraisal of ‘old’ tissue markers in patients with long follow-up. Anticancer Res 29(2):785–791
    • (2009) Anticancer Res , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 785-791
    • Theodoropoulos, G.E.1    Karafoka, E.2    Papailiou, J.G.3    Stamopoulos, P.4    Zambirinis, C.P.5    Bramis, K.6
  • 56
    • 0036849596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in colorectal tumours and lymph node metastases
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD38notVyquw%3D%3D, PID: 12441262
    • McKay JA, Murray LJ, Curran S, Ross VG, Clark C, Murray GI et al (2002) Evaluation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in colorectal tumours and lymph node metastases. Eur J Cancer 38(17):2258–2264
    • (2002) Eur J Cancer , vol.38 , Issue.17 , pp. 2258-2264
    • McKay, J.A.1    Murray, L.J.2    Curran, S.3    Ross, V.G.4    Clark, C.5    Murray, G.I.6
  • 57
    • 16544363110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colorectal cancer with mutation in BRAF, KRAS, and wild-type with respect to both oncogenes showing different patterns of DNA methylation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtFWqt7%2FK, PID: 15542810
    • Nagasaka T, Sasamoto H, Notohara K, Cullings HM, Takeda M, Kimura K et al (2004) Colorectal cancer with mutation in BRAF, KRAS, and wild-type with respect to both oncogenes showing different patterns of DNA methylation. J Clin Oncol 22(22):4584–4594
    • (2004) J Clin Oncol , vol.22 , Issue.22 , pp. 4584-4594
    • Nagasaka, T.1    Sasamoto, H.2    Notohara, K.3    Cullings, H.M.4    Takeda, M.5    Kimura, K.6
  • 58
    • 31144453233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BRAF mutation predicts sensitivity to MEK inhibition
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XkvF2mtw%3D%3D, PID: 16273091
    • Solit DB, Garraway LA, Pratilas CA, Sawai A, Getz G, Basso A et al (2006) BRAF mutation predicts sensitivity to MEK inhibition. Nature 439(7074):358–362
    • (2006) Nature , vol.439 , Issue.7074 , pp. 358-362
    • Solit, D.B.1    Garraway, L.A.2    Pratilas, C.A.3    Sawai, A.4    Getz, G.5    Basso, A.6
  • 59
    • 84863230465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unresponsiveness of colon cancer to BRAF(V600E) inhibition through feedback activation of EGFR
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XjtFOktb4%3D, PID: 22281684
    • Prahallad A, Sun C, Huang S, Di Nicolantonio F, Salazar R, Zecchin D et al (2012) Unresponsiveness of colon cancer to BRAF(V600E) inhibition through feedback activation of EGFR. Nature 483(7387):100–103
    • (2012) Nature , vol.483 , Issue.7387 , pp. 100-103
    • Prahallad, A.1    Sun, C.2    Huang, S.3    Di Nicolantonio, F.4    Salazar, R.5    Zecchin, D.6
  • 61
    • 79959795786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved survival with vemurafenib in melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXosVeitbs%3D, PID: 21639808
    • Chapman PB, Hauschild A, Robert C, Haanen JB, Ascierto P, Larkin J et al (2011) Improved survival with vemurafenib in melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation. N Engl J Med 364(26):2507–2516
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.364 , Issue.26 , pp. 2507-2516
    • Chapman, P.B.1    Hauschild, A.2    Robert, C.3    Haanen, J.B.4    Ascierto, P.5    Larkin, J.6
  • 63
    • 84861863158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EGFR-mediated re-activation of MAPK signaling contributes to insensitivity of BRAF mutant colorectal cancers to RAF inhibition with vemurafenib
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XktVGntbs%3D, PID: 22448344
    • Corcoran RB, Ebi H, Turke AB, Coffee EM, Nishino M, Cogdill AP et al (2012) EGFR-mediated re-activation of MAPK signaling contributes to insensitivity of BRAF mutant colorectal cancers to RAF inhibition with vemurafenib. Cancer Discov 2(3):227–235
    • (2012) Cancer Discov , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 227-235
    • Corcoran, R.B.1    Ebi, H.2    Turke, A.B.3    Coffee, E.M.4    Nishino, M.5    Cogdill, A.P.6
  • 64
    • 77949732073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RAF inhibitors transactivate RAF dimers and ERK signalling in cells with wild-type BRAF
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXjsFWjsrs%3D, PID: 20179705
    • Poulikakos PI, Zhang C, Bollag G, Shokat KM, Rosen N (2010) RAF inhibitors transactivate RAF dimers and ERK signalling in cells with wild-type BRAF. Nature 464(7287):427–430
    • (2010) Nature , vol.464 , Issue.7287 , pp. 427-430
    • Poulikakos, P.I.1    Zhang, C.2    Bollag, G.3    Shokat, K.M.4    Rosen, N.5
  • 65
    • 77949685981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RAF inhibitors prime wild-type RAF to activate the MAPK pathway and enhance growth
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsVygtb8%3D, PID: 20130576
    • Hatzivassiliou G, Song K, Yen I, Brandhuber BJ, Anderson DJ, Alvarado R et al (2010) RAF inhibitors prime wild-type RAF to activate the MAPK pathway and enhance growth. Nature 464(7287):431–435
    • (2010) Nature , vol.464 , Issue.7287 , pp. 431-435
    • Hatzivassiliou, G.1    Song, K.2    Yen, I.3    Brandhuber, B.J.4    Anderson, D.J.5    Alvarado, R.6
  • 66
    • 74849109743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinase-dead BRAF and oncogenic RAS cooperate to drive tumor progression through CRAF
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXkvVWitL0%3D, PID: 20141835
    • Heidorn SJ, Milagre C, Whittaker S, Nourry A, Niculescu-Duvas I, Dhomen N et al (2010) Kinase-dead BRAF and oncogenic RAS cooperate to drive tumor progression through CRAF. Cell 140(2):209–221
    • (2010) Cell , vol.140 , Issue.2 , pp. 209-221
    • Heidorn, S.J.1    Milagre, C.2    Whittaker, S.3    Nourry, A.4    Niculescu-Duvas, I.5    Dhomen, N.6
  • 67
    • 84873360893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to BRAF inhibition in BRAF-mutant colon cancer can be overcome with PI3K inhibition or demethylating agents
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXitVOhtL0%3D, PID: 23251002
    • Mao M, Tian F, Mariadason JM, Tsao CC, Lemos R Jr, Dayyani F et al (2013) Resistance to BRAF inhibition in BRAF-mutant colon cancer can be overcome with PI3K inhibition or demethylating agents. Clin Cancer Res 19(3):657–667
    • (2013) Clin Cancer Res , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 657-667
    • Mao, M.1    Tian, F.2    Mariadason, J.M.3    Tsao, C.C.4    Lemos, R.5    Dayyani, F.6
  • 68
    • 84878066430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concomitant BRAF and PI3K/mTOR blockade is required for effective treatment of BRAF(V600E) colorectal cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXnsl2ktb4%3D, PID: 23549875
    • Coffee EM, Faber AC, Roper J, Sinnamon MJ, Goel G, Keung L et al (2013) Concomitant BRAF and PI3K/mTOR blockade is required for effective treatment of BRAF(V600E) colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 19(10):2688–2698
    • (2013) Clin Cancer Res , vol.19 , Issue.10 , pp. 2688-2698
    • Coffee, E.M.1    Faber, A.C.2    Roper, J.3    Sinnamon, M.J.4    Goel, G.5    Keung, L.6
  • 69
    • 51849111556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PI3K pathway alterations in cancer: variations on a theme
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtFWiurzI, PID: 18794884
    • Yuan TL, Cantley LC (2008) PI3K pathway alterations in cancer: variations on a theme. Oncogene 27(41):5497–5510
    • (2008) Oncogene , vol.27 , Issue.41 , pp. 5497-5510
    • Yuan, T.L.1    Cantley, L.C.2
  • 70
    • 23844445836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colorectal cancer: mutations in a signalling pathway
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXnt1Siurs%3D, PID: 16094359
    • Parsons DW, Wang TL, Samuels Y, Bardelli A, Cummins JM, DeLong L et al (2005) Colorectal cancer: mutations in a signalling pathway. Nature 436(7052):792
    • (2005) Nature , vol.436 , Issue.7052 , pp. 792
    • Parsons, D.W.1    Wang, T.L.2    Samuels, Y.3    Bardelli, A.4    Cummins, J.M.5    DeLong, L.6
  • 71
    • 3843084078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The COSMIC (catalogue of somatic mutations in cancer) database and website
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXls1ehsbo%3D, PID: 15188009
    • Bamford S, Dawson E, Forbes S, Clements J, Pettett R, Dogan A et al (2004) The COSMIC (catalogue of somatic mutations in cancer) database and website. Br J Cancer 91(2):355–358
    • (2004) Br J Cancer , vol.91 , Issue.2 , pp. 355-358
    • Bamford, S.1    Dawson, E.2    Forbes, S.3    Clements, J.4    Pettett, R.5    Dogan, A.6
  • 72
    • 63049111794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PIK3CA mutation is associated with poor prognosis among patients with curatively resected colon cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXksF2hsL4%3D, PID: 19237633
    • Ogino S, Nosho K, Kirkner GJ, Shima K, Irahara N, Kure S et al (2009) PIK3CA mutation is associated with poor prognosis among patients with curatively resected colon cancer. J Clin Oncol 27(9):1477–1484
    • (2009) J Clin Oncol , vol.27 , Issue.9 , pp. 1477-1484
    • Ogino, S.1    Nosho, K.2    Kirkner, G.J.3    Shima, K.4    Irahara, N.5    Kure, S.6
  • 73
    • 0024269590 scopus 로고
    • Effects of adjuvant tamoxifen and of cytotoxic therapy on mortality in early breast cancer. An overview of 61 randomized trials among 28,896 women
    • Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (1988) Effects of adjuvant tamoxifen and of cytotoxic therapy on mortality in early breast cancer. An overview of 61 randomized trials among 28,896 women. N Engl J Med 319(26):1681–1692
    • (1988) N Engl J Med , vol.319 , Issue.26 , pp. 1681-1692
  • 74
    • 0035869407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of chemotherapy plus a monoclonal antibody against HER2 for metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER2
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXisVGktrc%3D, PID: 11248153
    • Slamon DJ, Leyland-Jones B, Shak S, Fuchs H, Paton V, Bajamonde A et al (2001) Use of chemotherapy plus a monoclonal antibody against HER2 for metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER2. N Engl J Med 344(11):783–792
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , Issue.11 , pp. 783-792
    • Slamon, D.J.1    Leyland-Jones, B.2    Shak, S.3    Fuchs, H.4    Paton, V.5    Bajamonde, A.6
  • 75
    • 45149084723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First-line gefitinib in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer harboring somatic EGFR mutations
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXnsVKhtbk%3D, PID: 18458038
    • Sequist LV, Martins RG, Spigel D, Grunberg SM, Spira A, Janne PA et al (2008) First-line gefitinib in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer harboring somatic EGFR mutations. J Clin Oncol 26(15):2442–2449
    • (2008) J Clin Oncol , vol.26 , Issue.15 , pp. 2442-2449
    • Sequist, L.V.1    Martins, R.G.2    Spigel, D.3    Grunberg, S.M.4    Spira, A.5    Janne, P.A.6
  • 76
    • 42649145667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wild-type KRAS is required for panitumumab efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXltlWhsrw%3D, PID: 18316791
    • Amado RG, Wolf M, Peeters M, Van Cutsem E, Siena S, Freeman DJ et al (2008) Wild-type KRAS is required for panitumumab efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 26(10):1626–1634
    • (2008) J Clin Oncol , vol.26 , Issue.10 , pp. 1626-1634
    • Amado, R.G.1    Wolf, M.2    Peeters, M.3    Van Cutsem, E.4    Siena, S.5    Freeman, D.J.6
  • 77
    • 33646228635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KRAS mutation status is predictive of response to cetuximab therapy in colorectal cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjsFSlsb0%3D, PID: 16618717
    • Lievre A, Bachet JB, Le Corre D, Boige V, Landi B, Emile JF et al (2006) KRAS mutation status is predictive of response to cetuximab therapy in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res 66(8):3992–3995
    • (2006) Cancer Res , vol.66 , Issue.8 , pp. 3992-3995
    • Lievre, A.1    Bachet, J.B.2    Le Corre, D.3    Boige, V.4    Landi, B.5    Emile, J.F.6
  • 78
    • 54949085398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K-ras mutations and benefit from cetuximab in advanced colorectal cancer
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht12nu77J, PID: 18946061
    • Karapetis CS, Khambata-Ford S, Jonker DJ, O’Callaghan CJ, Tu D, Tebbutt NC et al (2008) K-ras mutations and benefit from cetuximab in advanced colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 359(17):1757–1765
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.359 , Issue.17 , pp. 1757-1765
    • Karapetis, C.S.1    Khambata-Ford, S.2    Jonker, D.J.3    O’Callaghan, C.J.4    Tu, D.5    Tebbutt, N.C.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.