Gender differences in salary of internal medicine residency directors: A national survey

American Journal of Medicine

Volumn 128, Issue 6, 2015, Pages 659-665

  Willett, Lisa L ^a   Halvorsen, Andrew J ^b   McDonald, Furman S ^c   Chaudhry, Saima I ^d   Arora, Vineet M ^e  

^a University of Alabama at Birmingham   (United States)

^b MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^c AMERICAN BOARD OF INTERNAL MEDICINE   (United States)

^d DONALD AND BARBARA ZUCKER SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT HOFSTRA NORTHWELL   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

Faculty development; gender; medical education; salary and benefits

Indexed keywords

ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT; ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL; ADULT; AGE; AMBULATORY CARE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL EDUCATION; MEDICAL STAFF; OUTPATIENT; PHYSICIAN INCOME; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SEX DIFFERENCE; TIME MANAGEMENT; WORK EXPERIENCE; EDUCATION; INTERNAL MEDICINE; MEDICAL SCHOOL; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; SALARY AND FRINGE BENEFIT; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; UNITED STATES;

FACULTY, MEDICAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERNAL MEDICINE; INTERNSHIP AND RESIDENCY; MALE; SALARIES AND FRINGE BENEFITS; SEX FACTORS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84930340891     PISSN: 00029343     EISSN: 15557162     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.02.002     Document Type: Note

References (44)

1. D.J. Burgess, A. Joseph, M. van Ryn, and M. Carnes Does stereotype threat affect women in academic medicine? Acad Med 87 2012 506 512
2. H.A. Rotbart, D. McMillen, H. Taussig, and S.R. Daniels Assessing gender equity in a large academic department of pediatrics Acad Med 87 2012 98 104
3. M.R. McLean, P.S. Morahan, S.A. Dannels, and S.A. McDade Geographic mobility advances careers: study of the Executive Leadership in Academic Medicine (ELAM) program for women Acad Med 88 2013 1700 1706
4. L.H. Pololi, J.T. Civian, R.T. Brennan, A.L. Dottolo, and E. Krupat Experiencing the culture of academic medicine: gender matters, a national survey J Gen Intern Med 28 2013 201 207
5. L.K. McGuire, M.R. Bergen, and M.L. Polan Career advancement for women faculty in a US school of medicine: perceived needs Acad Med 79 2004 319 325
6. W. Levinson, J. Weiner for the American College of Physicians Membership Policy Committee Promotion and tenure of women and minorities on medical school faculties Ann Intern Med 114 1991 63 68
7. J. Bickel Women in academic medicine J Am Med Womens Assoc 55 2000 10 12 19
8. B.J. Tesch, H.M. Wood, A.L. Helwig, and A.B. Nattinger Promotion of women physicians in academic medicine. Glass ceiling or sticky floor? JAMA 273 1995 1022 1025
9. S.W. Foster, J.E. McMurray, M. Linzer, J.W. Leavitt, M. Rosenberg, and M. Carnes Results of a gender-climate and work-environment survey at a midwestern academic health center Acad Med 75 2000 653 660
10. L.M. Buckley, K. Sanders, M. Shih, S. Kallar, and C. Hampton Obstacles to promotion? Values of women faculty about career success and recognition Acad Med 75 2000 283 288
11. Women in U.S. Academic Medicine and Science: Statistics and Benchmarking Report 2011-2012. Washington DC: Association of American Medical Colleges. Available at: https://www.aamc.org/download/311380/data/2012-figure6.pdf. Accessed April 11, 2014.
12. E. Brownfield, B. Clyburn, S. Santen, G. Heudebert, and P.A. Hemmer The activities and responsibilities of the vice chair for education in U.S. and Canadian departments of medicine Acad Med 87 2012 1041 1045
13. APDIM Program Directors Survey - Summary Files. Available at: http://dev.im.org/toolbox/surveys/APDIMSurveyData/Pages/default.aspx. Accessed May 17, 2014.
14. T.J. Nasca, I. Philibert, T. Brigham, and T.C. Flynn The Next GME accreditation system-rationale and benefits N Engl J Med 366 2012 1051 1056
15. Council on Graduate Medical Education. Twenty-first report, improving value in graduate medical education. August 2013, http://www.hrsa.gov/advisorycommittees/bhwadvisory/cogme/Reports/twentyfirstreport.pdf, Accessed March 25, 2015.
16. AAMC Applicants and Matriculants Data. Available at: https://www.aamc.org/data/facts/applicantmatriculant/. Accessed May 17, 2014.
17. ACGME Common Program Requirements. Available at: http://www.acgme.org/acgmeweb/Portals/0/PFAssets/ProgramRequirements/CPRs2013.pdf. Accessed March 18, 2014.
18. B.W. Beasley, D.E. Kern, and K. Kolodner Job turnover and its correlates among residency program directors in internal medicine: a three-year cohort study Acad Med 76 2001 1127 1135
19. C.P. West, A.J. Halvorsen, S.L. Swenson, and F.S. McDonald Burnout and distress among internal medicine program directors: results of a national survey J Gen Intern Med 28 2013 1056 1063
20. B.A. Hoey, C.D. Stehly, J.J. Lukaszczyk, L. Riley, J. Stoltzfus, and J.B. Dattilo Are we doing it for the money? A Salary survey of United States surgical program directors J Surg Educ 65 2008 401 405
21. R. Jagsi, K.A. Griffith, A. Stewart, D. Sambuco, R. DeCastro, and P.A. Ubel Gender differences in the salaries of physician researchers JAMA 307 2012 2410 2417
22. S.A. Seabury, A. Chandra, and A.B. Jena Trends in the earnings of male and female health care professionals in the united states, 1987-2010 JAMA Intern Med 173 2013 1748 1750
23. M. Cooke Persistent earnings inequities for female physicians: still the same old story JAMA Intern Med 173 2013 1750 1751
24. A.L. Wright, K. Ryan, P. St. Germain, L. Schwindt, R. Sager, and K.L. Reed Compensation in academic medicine: progress toward gender equity J Gen Intern Med 22 2007 1398 1402
25. J.H. Tanne Women in US academic medicine earn less than male peers BMJ 340 2010 c1969
26. A.L. Wright, L.A. Schwindt, and T.L. Bassford Gender differences in academic advancement: patterns, causes, and potential solutions in one US College of Medicine Acad Med 78 2003 500 508
27. A.S. Ash, P.L. Carr, R. Goldstein, and R.H. Friedman Compensation and advancement of women in academic medicine: is there equity? Ann Intern Med 141 2004 205 212
28. S.L. Kristal, K.A. Randall-Kristal, and B.M. Thompson 2001-2002 SAEM emergency medicine faculty salary and benefits salary Acad Emerg Med 9 2002 1435 1444
29. R. Ness, F. Ukoli, and S. Hunt Salary equity among male and female internists in Pennsylvania Ann Intern Med 133 2000 104 110
30. A.E. Wallace, and W.B. Weeks Differences in income between male and female primary care physicians J Am Med Womens Assoc 57 2002 180 184
31. US Census Bureau. Available at: http://www.census.gov/geo/www/us-regdiv.pdf. Accessed December 1, 2012.
32. American Medical Association (AMA) Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database Access System (FREIDA) Online. Available at: http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/education-careers/graduate-medical-education/freida-online.shtml. Accessed December 1, 2012.
33. American Board of Internal Medicine. Available at: http://www.abim.org/pdf/pass-rates/residency-program-pass-rates.pdf. Accessed December 1, 2012.
34. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Available at: http://www.acgme.org/adspublic/. Accessed December 1, 2012.
35. V. Reed, and B. Buddeberg-Fischer Career obstacles for women in medicine: an overview Med Educ 35 2001 139 147
36. L.L. Willett, M.F. Wellons, and J.R. Hartig Do women residents delay childbearing due to perceived career threats? Acad Med 85 2010 640 646
37. A.J. Halvorsen, J.C. Kolars, and F.S. McDonald Gender and future salary: disparate trends in internal medicine residents Am J Med 123 2010 470 475
38. R. Rizvi, L. Raymer, M. Kunik, and J. Fisher Facets of career satisfaction for women physicians in the United States: a systematic review Women Health 52 2012 403 421
39. A.F. Westring, R.M. Speck, and M.D. Sammel A culture conducive to women's academic success: development of a measure Acad Med 87 2012 1622 1631
40. N.J. Borges, A.M. Navarro, and A.C. Grover Women physicians: choosing a career in academic medicine Acad Med 87 2012 105 114
41. S. Sandberg Lean In: Women, Work, and the Will to Lead 2013 Alfred A. Knopf New York, NY
42. H. Valantine, and Cl Sandborg Changing the culture of academic medicine to eliminate the gender leadership gap: 50/50 by 2020 Acad Med 88 2013 1411 1413
43. E.L. Travis, L. Doty, and D. Helitzer Sponsorship: a path to the academic medicine C-suite for women faculty Acad Med 88 2013 1414 1417
44. S.I. Chaudhry, S.M. Caccamese, and B.W. Beasley What predicts residency accreditation cycle length? Results of a national survey Acad Med 84 2009 356 361